CN113882820A - Blowout prevention valve in drilling tool - Google Patents
Blowout prevention valve in drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN113882820A CN113882820A CN202111489811.9A CN202111489811A CN113882820A CN 113882820 A CN113882820 A CN 113882820A CN 202111489811 A CN202111489811 A CN 202111489811A CN 113882820 A CN113882820 A CN 113882820A
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- station
- push rod
- guide
- sealing surface
- groove
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
Abstract
The invention discloses an internal blowout prevention valve of a drilling tool, which comprises a shell, a valve seat, a valve core assembly, a first sealing surface and a second sealing surface, wherein the valve seat is arranged on the shell; the first elastic piece is matched with the valve core assembly, and the guide push rod is in sliding fit with the guide groove on the valve core assembly; the first elastic piece is used for applying acting force for closing the internal blowout prevention valve to the valve core assembly, and the guide groove comprises a normally open station, a normally closed station and a blowout prevention station; when the guide push rod is positioned at a normally open station, the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are in a separated state; when the guide push rod is positioned at the normally closed station, the valve core assembly cannot move downwards, and the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are in a separated state; when the guide push rod is positioned at the blowout prevention station, the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are in a fit state. The invention enables the inner blowout prevention valve to have the advantages of a normally open type and a normally closed type at the same time, and the aim of improving the operation efficiency on the premise of ensuring the safety of drilling operation is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum engineering, in particular to an internal blowout prevention valve of a drilling tool.
Background
The blowout prevention valve in the drilling tool is one of important tools in the drilling process of oil and gas development, and has the function of preventing fluid in a well from returning upwards through a drill pipe channel to cause accident handling difficulty to be aggravated when dangerous working conditions such as overflow, well kick, blowout and the like occur. The conventional blowout prevention valve in the drilling tool is represented by a normally closed float valve and an arrow valve, is normally closed, and is opened for communication under the action of liquid column pressure/pump pressure after drilling fluid is injected into the upper part of the conventional blowout prevention valve. However, the normally closed internal blowout preventer causes overlarge pressure difference between two ends of the blowout preventer during the drilling process, increases drilling resistance, and is easy to be damaged by jacking, so that regular grouting is needed during the drilling process (generally, grouting is needed once every 300m drilling on site), and a static drill string is needed to be used for jacking a drive or a water tap during the grouting process, so that the risk of accidents such as differential pressure drill jamming, drill sticking and the like of a drill rod is obviously increased. In addition, the normally closed internal blowout prevention valve can cause obvious drilling fluid pressure drop in the drilling process, and the requirement of bottom hole drilling can be met only by a larger pump pressure. For this reason, there are also few normally open type internal blowout preventers in the prior art that can automatically perform grouting during the drilling process, as represented by the normally open arrow type valves.
However, the existing normally open internal blowout preventer valve always keeps a constant opening state under normal working conditions, and the closing process is complex, even needs well head operation, and is difficult to automatically close under emergency conditions such as overflow, kick, blowout and the like; moreover, the existing normally open type internal blowout preventer cannot be reset to a normally open state again after the valve is closed, even the internal blowout preventer needs to be integrally replaced or manually reset by pulling out a drill, so that the efficiency is low, the applicability is not high, and the normal open type internal blowout preventer is difficult to popularize and apply on site in a large range all the time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an internal blowout prevention valve of a drilling tool, which aims to solve the functional limitation of the internal blowout prevention valve in the prior art, realize the advantages of both a normally open type and a normally closed type of the internal blowout prevention valve and improve the operation efficiency on the premise of ensuring the safety of drilling operation.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a spray valve in a drilling tool comprises a shell, wherein a valve seat and a valve core assembly are arranged in the shell, the valve core assembly is in sliding fit with the valve seat along the axial direction, the valve seat comprises a first sealing surface, the valve core assembly comprises a second sealing surface matched with the first sealing surface, and the second sealing surface is positioned below the first sealing surface; the first elastic piece is matched with the valve core assembly, and the guide push rod is in sliding fit with the guide groove on the valve core assembly; the first elastic piece is used for applying an acting force which enables the first sealing surface to be attached to the second sealing surface to the valve core assembly, and the guide groove comprises a normally open station, a normally closed station and a blowout prevention station which are sequentially distributed;
when the guide push rod is positioned at a normally open station, the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are in a separated state;
when the guide push rod is positioned at the normally closed station, the valve core assembly cannot move downwards, and the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are in a separated state;
when the guide push rod is positioned at the blowout prevention station, the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are in a fit state.
The existing normally closed internal blowout preventer has the problems of large drilling resistance, low drilling efficiency, large drilling risk, obvious drilling fluid pressure drop and the like; the existing normally open type internal blowout prevention valve has the problems that the valve cannot be automatically closed by bottom hole pressure, cannot be automatically opened after being closed and the like. Based on the above, the invention provides a brand-new blowout prevention valve in a drilling tool, wherein a shell is a valve body shell, a valve seat and a valve core assembly are arranged in the shell, and a sealing pair is formed by a first sealing surface positioned in the valve seat and a second sealing surface positioned on the valve core assembly. The specific position and type of the first elastic piece are not limited, and only the acting force of the first elastic piece needs to be satisfied to push or pull the valve core assembly all the time, so that the second sealing surface has a tendency of being close to the first sealing surface for fitting. According to the valve core assembly, the guide groove is formed in the valve core assembly, and the specific position of the guide groove is not limited. The guide push rod is also positioned inside the valve seat and inserted into the guide groove to be in sliding fit, so that the guide push rod can slide along the guide groove and further be switched among different stations. This scheme carries out the state to each station and prescribes a limit:
when the direction push rod slides to normally opening the station, need make the unable upward movement of case subassembly under the restriction of direction push rod, the sealed face of second promptly can not remove to first sealed face direction, the sealed face alternate segregation of first sealed face and second this moment, interior blowout prevention valve is opened, is used as the interior blowout prevention valve of normally open type, and the drilling tool is less, and can automatic grout drilling in-process resistance under boring.
When the guide push rod slides to a normally closed station, the valve core assembly cannot move downwards under the limitation of the guide push rod, at the moment, the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are still separated from each other, the state of the inner blowout prevention valve at the moment can be equivalent to the state of the normally closed inner blowout prevention valve when the inner blowout prevention valve is opened by hydraulic pressure, namely, the inner blowout prevention valve is opened to realize the conduction inside a drilling tool, when the bottom hole pressure is increased, such as overflow, well kick or blowout, the bottom hole pressure is gradually increased until the hydraulic pressure above is balanced, the valve core assembly is pushed to move upwards by the elastic force of the first elastic piece, so that the second sealing surface is automatically attached to the first sealing surface to realize sealing, and then the two sealing surfaces are attached more tightly and solidly by the gradually increased bottom hole pressure; at the moment, due to the upward movement of the valve core assembly, the guide push rod slides to the blowout prevention station in the guide groove, and the valve core assembly cannot move upwards continuously.
It can be seen that this application has possessed the blowout control valve in the open system simultaneously and has bored with the open mode, blowout control valve can be automatic closed's advantage under bottom hole pressure effect in the closed system, and the switching accessible hydraulic pressure of direction push rod in this application between each station in the guide way realizes that the in-process need not static grout, reduces the sticking of a drill risk, improves and bores efficiency down, can automatic effect by drilling tool inside such as burst overflow.
When the device is used specifically, the drill is drilled in a state that the guide push rod is positioned at a normally open station; when the pressure of the upper liquid column is large enough or the pump is started to circulate or drill, the valve core component is automatically pushed to move downwards by hydraulic pressure, so that the guide push rod passively slides to a normally closed station; when the well bottom overflows or kick or blowout occurs, the valve core assembly is pushed to move upwards by the first elastic piece, so that the guide push rod passively slides to the blowout prevention station.
It should be noted that, once the guide push rod is driven to slide to the normally closed position by the upper hydraulic pressure after entering the well, as long as the guide push rod is not subjected to accident conditions such as overflow, well kick or blowout, the guide push rod should be always positioned at the normally closed position unless the pressure of the liquid column above the internal blowout prevention valve disappears or is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element, but the situation is basically impossible to occur in the actual working condition, and only the situation that the drill is started to be very close to the well head occurs with a very small probability. In addition, the upper and lower direction in this application all is after the well is gone into with interior blowout control valve, and the orientation well head direction is for going up, orientation well bottom direction is down.
Further, along the axial direction of the valve core assembly:
the normally closed station is positioned at the highest point of the guide groove;
the blowout prevention station is positioned at the lowest point of the guide groove;
the normally open station is located between the normally closed station and the blowout prevention station, and the normally open station is located in the upward bending section of the concave surface of the guide groove.
When the guide push rod is positioned at the normally closed station, the whole valve core assembly is required to be positioned at the lowest end of the stroke, so that the normally closed station is positioned at the highest point of the guide groove, the distance between the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface is the farthest, the inner blowout prevention valve is in the largest opening state, the pressure drop is reduced as far as possible, and the problem that the pressure drop of the inner blowout prevention valve is overlarge in the prior art is solved. When the guide push rod is positioned at the blowout prevention station, the whole valve core assembly is positioned at the uppermost end of the stroke, so that the blowout prevention station is positioned at the lowest point of the guide groove, and the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface are fully attached to realize the valve closing effect. Inevitable, the axial height of normally opening the station is located normally closed station and prevents spouting between the station, because normally opening the station and being located the ascending bending section of guide way concave surface, consequently when the guide push rod is located normally opening the station, can't continue the lapse, so the unable upward movement of case subassembly, the valve of preventing spouting promptly originally in can't close to can be stable under having guaranteed this state with the state of preventing spouting the valve in the normally open type and carry out operations such as drilling down.
Furthermore, the guide grooves are connected end to end, and a first blocking part located at a normally open station and a second blocking part located at a blowout prevention station are arranged in the guide grooves;
the first blocking part is used for enabling the guide push rod positioned at the normally open station to only slide towards the normally closed station;
the second blocking part is used for enabling the guide push rod positioned at the blowout prevention station to slide towards the direction of the normally open station only.
Guide way end to end in this scheme forms annular structure on the plane of perpendicular to valve body axis, and its purpose is in order to solve among the prior art normally open type in prevent spouting the valve in once close just can't automatic opening once more the defect. When the valve core assembly is used, if accidents such as overflow or well kick or blowout occur, the valve core assembly moves upwards, the guide push rod slides to the blowout prevention station, normal well control operation such as well killing can be carried out through a drill floor throttle manifold at the moment, after crisis is relieved and circulation needs to be reestablished, pressurization can be carried out from the inside of the drill rod, the elastic force of the first elastic piece is overcome through hydraulic pressure, the valve core assembly is pushed to move downwards, the second sealing surface is separated from the first sealing surface again, the guide push rod resets from the blowout prevention station to the normally open station in the process and moves downwards along with continuation of the valve core assembly again to the normally closed station, at the moment, the valve core assembly cannot continue to move downwards, and the internal blowout prevention valve is equivalent to the state of the normally closed internal blowout prevention valve when being opened through hydraulic pressure again. It can be seen that this scheme need not the brill and changes after having realized interior blowout control valve and having closed through the setting of end to end's guide way, can directly realize opening once more, the effect of normal use once more through well head pressurization, and this blowout control valve can not realize in current open normal open type completely.
In addition, in order to ensure that the sliding direction of the guide push rod in the guide groove is one-way and avoid misoperation caused by reverse sliding, the scheme also arranges a first blocking part and a second blocking part in the guide groove, and the guide push rod positioned at the normally open station can only slide towards the normally closed station direction through the first blocking part so as to avoid the guide push rod in the state from sliding towards the blowout prevention station; in a similar way, the guide push rod positioned at the blowout prevention station can only slide towards the normally open station direction through the second blocking part, and the guide push rod in the state is prevented from sliding towards the normally closed station direction.
In this scheme, the direction of movement of direction push rod in the guide way can only be along following direction circulation: normally open station-normally closed station-blowout prevention station-normally open station. The specific structures of the first blocking part and the second blocking part are not limited, and only the requirement that the guide push rod can be prevented from moving reversely at the corresponding position is met, and the technical personnel in the field can carry out adaptive setting according to the limiting mode of any one-way motion under the annular track in the prior art.
Furthermore, the first blocking part and the second blocking part are step surfaces formed by unequal groove depths;
the groove depth of the guide groove is gradually reduced along the direction from the normally open station to the second blocking part through the normally closed station;
the groove depth of the guide groove gradually decreases in a direction from the blowout prevention station to the first blocking portion without passing through the normally closed station.
This scheme forms two stops the portion through setting up the guide way into the mode of not waiting deep groove. Specifically, the groove depth of the guide groove is gradually reduced along the direction from the normally open station to the second blocking part through the normally closed station, so that the groove depth is suddenly changed at the blowout prevention station to form a radial step surface, and the step surface is used for blocking the guide push rod from sliding from the blowout prevention station to the normally closed station; similarly, the groove depth of the guide groove gradually decreases along the direction from the blowout prevention station to the first blocking part without passing through the normally-open station, so that the groove depth suddenly changes at the normally-open station to form a radial step surface which is used for blocking the guide push rod from sliding from the normally-open station to the blowout prevention station.
Further, the valve core assembly comprises a core body, an upper core rod positioned above the core body and a lower core rod positioned below the core body, the second sealing surface is positioned on the core body, and the guide groove is positioned on the lower core rod.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the valve seat is open, and the top end of the valve seat is provided with a plurality of overflowing through grooves; the valve seat also comprises an upper centering hole and a lower centering hole, the upper core rod movably penetrates through the upper centering hole, and the lower core rod movably penetrates through the lower centering hole; the outer wall of the valve seat is provided with a sealing groove for assembling a sealing ring. According to the scheme, the valve core assembly is installed and positioned by arranging the upper centering hole and the lower centering hole of the valve seat, so that the assembly or the replacement of parts can be completed quickly on site; the whole centering performance of the valve core assembly in the movement process can be effectively guaranteed, the core body is guaranteed to be centered all the time, the working stability is remarkably improved, and the phenomenon of shaking caused by pumping pressure fluctuation of a slurry pump is prevented for the valve core assembly.
Further, the valve core assembly comprises a core body and a lower core rod positioned below the core body, and the guide groove is positioned on the lower core rod; the valve seat further comprises a shaft sleeve positioned in the valve seat, a shaft hole is formed in the shaft sleeve, and the lower core rod is in clearance fit with the shaft hole. Wherein, the shaft sleeve and the valve seat can be directly or indirectly connected by any existing mode to ensure the relative fixation of the shaft sleeve and the valve seat to be a precondition.
Furthermore, the guide push rod is assembled on the wall of the hole of the shaft hole, and a second elastic part matched with the guide push rod is further arranged in the shaft sleeve and used for pushing the guide push rod to the inner direction of the shaft hole.
This scheme is with the assembly of direction push rod in the shaft hole pore wall of axle sleeve, provides the thrust to the inside in shaft hole for the direction push rod all the time by the second elastic component for the direction push rod cooperates all the time in the guide way, avoids the direction push rod to break away from in the guide way, and the gradual change and/or the sudden change that can the self-adaptation guide way groove depth simultaneously.
Furthermore, an assembly groove and a limiting groove which are communicated with each other are formed in the side wall of the shaft sleeve, the assembly groove is communicated with the outside of the shaft sleeve, and the limiting groove is communicated with the shaft hole; the push rod nut is in threaded connection with the assembly groove, and an assembly hole is formed in one end, facing the direction of the shaft hole, of the push rod nut; one end of the guide push rod is movably matched in the assembling hole; the guide push rod also comprises a limiting part matched with the limiting groove, and the limiting part is positioned in the limiting groove and cannot rotate; one end of the second elastic piece is in contact with the limiting part, and the other end of the second elastic piece is located in the assembling hole.
In this scheme, assembly groove and spacing groove constitute the logical groove that runs through the axle sleeve lateral wall jointly, wherein: the screw nut is installed in the assembly groove in a threaded connection mode and serves as a limiting device for guiding the push rod on the outer side; the limiting groove is arranged in the inner portion of the guide push rod and used for being matched with the limiting portion on the guide push rod, and the limiting portion cannot rotate in the limiting groove, so that the whole guide push rod cannot rotate, and positioning and stability of the guide push rod are facilitated. The pilot hole is seted up on push rod nut towards the terminal surface in shaft hole, and it is used for providing the station of installation location for direction push rod and second elastic component. Of course, the guide push rod is in clearance fit with the assembly hole. In addition, the structure of spacing portion and spacing groove can be carried out nimble setting by technical personnel in this scheme according to concrete use needs, only need satisfy make the unable rotation of guide push rod can.
Furthermore, one end of the guide push rod, which is positioned in the guide groove, is provided with a plane part, and the plane part is positioned on the opposite side of the sliding direction of the guide push rod in the guide groove; the bottom surface of the core body is provided with a sinking groove, the top surface of the shaft sleeve is provided with a ring groove, and the upper end and the lower end of the first elastic piece are respectively assembled in the sinking groove and the ring groove.
Have in the guide way in this scheme and be located the first stop block portion of normally opening the station, be located the second stop block portion of preventing spouting the station, and first stop block portion, second stop block portion all are because the step face that the groove depth inequality formed. Therefore, the plane part is arranged on the opposite side of the sliding direction of the guide push rod, when the guide push rod is positioned at a normally open station or a blowout prevention station, the plane part on the guide push rod can be fully contacted with the corresponding blocking part, and the linear contact is replaced by a surface contact mode, so that the one-way motion of the guide push rod is ensured, and the blowout prevention failure in the application is avoided due to the reverse rotation of the guide push rod. In addition, the top end of the first elastic piece is assembled in the sunk groove in the bottom surface of the core body, the bottom end of the first elastic piece is assembled in the ring groove in the top surface of the shaft sleeve, and the shaft sleeve cannot move relative to the valve body, so that the core body can always move upwards by the aid of elastic force of the first elastic piece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the blowout preventer in the drilling tool has the advantages that the normally open type internal blowout preventer can be used for drilling in an open state, and the normally closed type internal blowout preventer can be automatically closed under the action of bottom hole pressure, so that the effects that static grouting is not needed in the drilling process, the drilling blocking risk is reduced, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the interior of the drilling tool can be automatically stopped when sudden overflow occurs and the like are achieved.
2. According to the internal blowout prevention valve for the drilling tool, when the guide push rod is located at the normally closed station, the whole valve core assembly is located at the lowest end of the stroke, so that the normally closed station is located at the highest point of the guide groove, the distance between the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface is the farthest, and the internal blowout prevention valve is in the largest opening state, so that the pressure drop is reduced as much as possible, and the problem of overlarge pressure drop of the internal blowout prevention valve in the prior art is solved.
3. According to the internal blowout prevention valve for the drilling tool, due to the arrangement of the end-to-end guide grooves, the internal blowout prevention valve does not need to be replaced by pulling out a drill after being closed, and can be opened again and normally used again by directly pressurizing through a well mouth, which cannot be realized by the conventional normally-open internal blowout prevention valve.
4. According to the blowout prevention valve in the drilling tool, the groove type arrangement with unequal depths is adopted, and the first blocking part and the second blocking part are matched, so that the sliding direction of the guide push rod in the guide groove is unidirectional, and misoperation caused by reverse sliding is avoided.
5. The invention relates to an internal blowout prevention valve of a drilling tool, which is specially used for a shaft sleeve, realizes unique installation of a guide push rod, a valve core assembly and the like, and fully ensures the use stability of the internal blowout prevention valve.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a half-section configuration of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a valve core assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the valve core assembly at another angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a projection of a guide slot in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve core assembly in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a guide slot in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a valve seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a half-section of a valve seat in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a half-section of a sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the assembly of the guide ram in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the guide push rod in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a sectional view showing the connection of the guide push rod in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-shell, 2-valve seat, 201-upper centering hole, 202-lower centering hole, 203-sealing groove, 204-overflowing through groove, 3-core body, 301-upper core rod, 302-lower core rod, 4-first sealing surface, 5-second sealing surface, 6-first elastic piece, 7-guide push rod, 701-limiting part, 702-plane part, 8-guide groove, 801-normally open station, 802-normally closed station, 803-blowout prevention station, 804-first blocking part, 805-second blocking part, 9-shaft sleeve, 901-shaft hole, 902-assembly groove, 903-limiting groove, 10-second elastic piece, 11-push rod nut, 12-assembly hole, 13-sink groove and 14-ring groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "back", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the blowout preventer in a drilling tool comprises a housing 1, wherein a valve seat 2 and a valve core assembly are arranged in the housing 1, the valve core assembly is in sliding fit with the valve seat 2 along an axial direction, the valve seat 2 comprises a first sealing surface 4, the valve core assembly comprises a second sealing surface 5 matched with the first sealing surface 4, and the second sealing surface 5 is positioned below the first sealing surface 4; the valve core assembly is characterized by also comprising a first elastic piece 6 matched with the valve core assembly and a guide push rod 7 in a guide groove 8 in sliding fit with the valve core assembly; the first elastic piece 6 is used for applying an acting force which enables the first sealing surface 4 to be attached to the second sealing surface 5 to the valve core assembly, and the guide groove 8 comprises a normally open station 801, a normally closed station 802 and a blowout prevention station 803 which are sequentially distributed; wherein the position of the guide push rod relative to the valve seat in the axial direction of the valve seat is fixed.
When the guide push rod 7 is positioned at the normally open station 801, the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface 4 and the second sealing surface 5 are in a separated state;
when the guide push rod 7 is positioned at the normally closed station 802, the valve core assembly cannot move downwards, and the first sealing surface 4 and the second sealing surface 5 are in a separated state;
when the guide push rod 7 is located at the blowout prevention station 803, the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface 4 and the second sealing surface 5 are in a fit state.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the guide grooves 8 are connected end to end.
A schematic of the deployment of the guide slots into the longitudinal plane can be seen in fig. 6, where it can be seen that in the axial direction of the valve core assembly: the normally closed station 802 is located at the highest point of the guide slot 8; the blowout prevention station 803 is located at the lowest point of the guide groove 8; the normally open station 801 is located between the normally closed station 802 and the blowout prevention station 803, and the normally open station 801 is located in the upward concave curved section of the guide groove 8.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of fig. 3 after being horizontally rotated by 180 °. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the guide slot is in an irregular curve shape, and can be divided into a first curve segment, a second curve segment, and a third curve segment which are connected in sequence, wherein both the first curve segment and the third curve segment are concave surfaces facing up, the second curve segment is concave surfaces facing down, the normally open station is located at the bottom of the first curve segment, the blowout prevention station is located at the bottom of the third curve segment, and the normally closed station is located at the top of the second curve segment.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the guide groove 8 has a first block portion 804 located at the normally open station 801 and a second block portion 805 located at the blowout preventing station 803 therein;
the first blocking part 804 is used for enabling the guide push rod 7 located at the normally open station 801 to slide towards the normally closed station 802 only; the second blocking portion 805 is used for enabling the guide push rod 7 located at the blowout preventing station 803 to slide only towards the normally open station 801.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a projection of the guide slot in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spool assembly. As shown in fig. 5, the first blocking portion 804 and the second blocking portion 805 are both step surfaces formed by different groove depths; the groove depth of the guide groove 8 gradually decreases in the direction from the normally open station 801 through the normally closed station 802 to the second blocking portion 805; the groove depth of the guide groove 8 gradually decreases in a direction from the blowout preventing station 803 not passing through the normally-closed station 802 to the first stopper 804. That is, in the embodiment, the guide groove is formed by interleaving two arc-shaped grooves with gradually changing groove depths, and the groove depth changes abruptly at the intersection of the two arc-shaped grooves, so as to form a first blocking portion and a second blocking portion for blocking the guide push rod from moving reversely, and the guide push rod can only move clockwise in the schematic diagram of fig. 5.
The first elastic member 6 in this embodiment is a compression spring, which always applies an upward pushing force to the spool assembly.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the valve core assembly comprises a core body 3, an upper core rod 301 located above the core body 3, and a lower core rod 302 located below the core body 3, wherein a second sealing surface 5 is located on the core body 3, and a guide groove 8 is located on the lower core rod 302.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the bottom end of the valve seat 2 is open, and the top end is provided with a plurality of through-flow slots 204; the valve seat 2 further comprises an upper centering hole 201 and a lower centering hole 202, wherein the upper core rod 301 movably penetrates through the upper centering hole 201, and the lower core rod 302 movably penetrates through the lower centering hole 202; the outer wall of the valve seat 2 is provided with a sealing groove 203 for assembling a sealing ring.
The present embodiment further includes a shaft sleeve 9 located in the valve seat 2, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the shaft sleeve 9 is provided with a shaft hole 901, and the lower core rod 302 is in clearance fit with the shaft hole 901.
As shown in fig. 11 to 13, the guide push rod 7 is fitted in the hole wall of the shaft hole 901, and the sleeve 9 further includes a second elastic element 10 engaged with the guide push rod 7, where the second elastic element 10 is used to push the guide push rod 7 toward the inside of the shaft hole 901.
As shown in fig. 10, the side wall of the shaft sleeve 9 is provided with an assembly groove 902 and a limiting groove 903 which are communicated with each other, the assembly groove 902 is communicated with the outside of the shaft sleeve 9, and the limiting groove 903 is communicated with the shaft hole 901; the push rod nut 11 is in threaded connection with the assembly groove 902, and an assembly hole 12 is formed in one end, facing the direction of the shaft hole 901, of the push rod nut 11; one end of the guide push rod 7 is movably matched in the assembling hole 12; the guide push rod 7 further comprises a limiting part 701 matched with the limiting groove 903, and the limiting part 701 is located in the limiting groove 903 and cannot rotate; one end of the second elastic element 10 is in contact with the limiting part 701, and the other end is located in the assembling hole 12.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, a flat surface portion 702 is provided at one end of the guide rod 7 located in the guide groove 8, and the flat surface portion 702 is located on the opposite side of the sliding direction of the guide rod 7 in the guide groove 8.
The second elastic member 10 in this embodiment is a compression spring that always applies a pushing force to the guide push rod 7 in the direction toward the inside of the shaft hole 901.
The specific use method of the internal blowout prevention valve in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, adjusting the position of a valve core assembly to enable a guide push rod 7 to be positioned at a normally open station, and connecting an inner blowout prevention valve in a bottom drilling tool assembly (the inner blowout prevention valve is close to a drill bit as much as possible;
drilling: in the drilling process, the inner blowout prevention valve is normally opened, and automatic grouting is performed; when the pressure of a hydrostatic column above the inner blowout prevention valve is greater than the thrust of the first elastic piece to the valve core assembly, the valve core assembly is pushed to move downwards, the guide push rod 7 slides to a normally closed station along the guide groove, and the inner blowout prevention valve can be regarded as a normally closed inner blowout prevention valve in an open state;
after the drilling is carried out to the specified depth, a water tap or a top drive is connected, a pump is started, and normal drilling operation is carried out;
if overflow, kick or even blowout occurs at the bottom of the well in the drilling operation process, the upper hydrostatic column pressure and the pump pressure of the drilling pump cannot control the well condition, the high pressure at the bottom of the well pushes the valve core assembly upwards until the second sealing surface is attached and sealed with the first sealing surface to realize the internal blowout prevention function, and the guide push rod slides to the blowout prevention station in the guide groove.
As shown in fig. 11, due to the limitation of the fit of the two sealing surfaces, the guide push rod 7 does not contact with the bottommost surface of the chute 8 at the blowout prevention station, so that the risk that the guide push rod is sheared off due to the gradually increased pressure in the well after blowout can be avoided.
And then, conventional well control operation can be carried out, when well killing drilling fluid is prepared or other working conditions needing to be re-established are met, the mud pump pressurizes the inside of the drill rod through a water tap or a top drive until the pressure can overcome the high pressure at the bottom of the well and the elasticity of the first elastic part, the valve core assembly is pushed downwards to enable the second sealing surface to be separated from the matching with the first sealing surface until the guide push rod moves from the blowout prevention station to the normally closed station, and the guide push rod can pass through the normally open station or even temporarily stays at the normally open station in the moving process, so that the normal establishment of a drilling fluid circulation channel cannot be influenced. When the guide push rod reaches the normally closed station again, the valve core assembly cannot continue to move downwards when reaching the bottom end of the stroke, the internal blowout prevention valve can be equivalent to a normally closed internal blowout prevention valve in an open state again, and the internal blowout prevention effect can be automatically achieved when necessary.
In a more preferred embodiment, the bottom surface of the core 3 is provided with a sunken groove 13, the top surface of the shaft sleeve 9 is provided with a ring groove 14, and the upper end and the lower end of the first elastic member 6 are respectively assembled in the sunken groove 13 and the ring groove 14.
In a more preferred embodiment, the valve seat 2 is threadedly engaged with the housing 1. An annular boss is arranged on the inner wall of the valve seat 2, the first sealing surface 4 is positioned on the boss, and the upper surface of the boss is a flow guide inclined plane which is inclined downwards from outside to inside.
In a more preferred embodiment, the sleeve 9 comprises an upper large cylinder and a lower small cylinder, wherein the small cylinder is inserted into the lower centering hole 202 for positioning and fitting, while the large cylinder is seated above the lower centering hole.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Further, the term "connected" used herein may be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.
Claims (10)
1. The internal blowout prevention valve for the drilling tool comprises a shell (1), wherein a valve seat (2) and a valve core assembly are arranged in the shell (1), and the internal blowout prevention valve is characterized in that the valve core assembly is in sliding fit with the valve seat (2) along the axial direction, the valve seat (2) comprises a first sealing surface (4), the valve core assembly comprises a second sealing surface (5) matched with the first sealing surface (4), and the second sealing surface (5) is positioned below the first sealing surface (4); the valve core assembly is characterized by also comprising a first elastic piece (6) matched with the valve core assembly and a guide push rod (7) in a guide groove (8) in sliding fit with the valve core assembly; the first elastic piece (6) is used for applying an acting force which enables the first sealing surface (4) to be attached to the second sealing surface (5) to the valve core assembly, and the guide groove (8) comprises a normally open station (801), a normally closed station (802) and a blowout prevention station (803) which are sequentially distributed;
when the guide push rod (7) is positioned at a normally open station (801), the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface (4) and the second sealing surface (5) are in a separated state;
when the guide push rod (7) is positioned at the normally closed station (802), the valve core assembly cannot move downwards, and the first sealing surface (4) and the second sealing surface (5) are in a separated state;
when the guide push rod (7) is positioned at the blowout prevention station (803), the valve core assembly cannot move upwards, and the first sealing surface (4) and the second sealing surface (5) are in a fit state.
2. The blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein, in the axial direction of the spool assembly:
the normally closed station (802) is positioned at the highest point of the guide groove (8);
the blowout prevention station (803) is positioned at the lowest point of the guide groove (8);
the normally open station (801) is located between the normally closed station (802) and the blowout prevention station (803), and the normally open station (801) is located in the upward bending section of the concave surface of the guide groove (8).
3. The blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein the guide groove (8) is connected end to end, and a first blocking part (804) located at a normally open station (801) and a second blocking part (805) located at a blowout prevention station (803) are arranged in the guide groove (8);
the first blocking part (804) is used for enabling the guide push rod (7) located at the normally open station (801) to slide towards the normally closed station (802) only;
the second blocking part (805) is used for enabling the guide push rod (7) located at the blowout prevention station (803) to slide only towards the direction of the normally open station (801).
4. The blowout preventer according to claim 3, wherein the first stopper (804) and the second stopper (805) are both stepped surfaces formed by different groove depths;
the groove depth of the guide groove (8) is gradually reduced along the direction from the normally open station (801) to the second blocking part (805) through the normally closed station (802);
the groove depth of the guide groove (8) is gradually reduced in a direction from the blowout prevention station (803) to the first stopper (804) without passing through the normally closed station (802).
5. The blowout preventer according to claim 1, wherein the valve core assembly comprises a core body (3), an upper core rod (301) located above the core body (3), and a lower core rod (302) located below the core body (3), the second sealing surface (5) is located on the core body (3), and the guide groove (8) is located on the lower core rod (302).
6. The blowout preventer according to claim 5, wherein the bottom end of the valve seat (2) is open, and the top end is provided with a plurality of through flow grooves (204); the valve seat (2) further comprises an upper centering hole (201) and a lower centering hole (202), the upper core rod (301) movably penetrates through the upper centering hole (201), and the lower core rod (302) movably penetrates through the lower centering hole (202); and a sealing groove (203) for assembling a sealing ring is arranged on the outer wall of the valve seat (2).
7. The blowout preventer in drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the valve core assembly comprises a core body (3), a lower core rod (302) positioned below the core body (3), and the guide groove (8) is positioned on the lower core rod (302); the valve seat further comprises a shaft sleeve (9) positioned in the valve seat (2), a shaft hole (901) is formed in the shaft sleeve (9), and the lower core rod (302) is in clearance fit with the shaft hole (901).
8. The blowout preventer according to claim 7, wherein the guide push rod (7) is fitted in the wall of the shaft hole (901), and the sleeve (9) further comprises a second elastic member (10) engaged with the guide push rod (7), wherein the second elastic member (10) is used for pushing the guide push rod (7) towards the inside of the shaft hole (901).
9. The blowout preventer according to claim 8, wherein the side wall of the shaft sleeve (9) is provided with an assembling groove (902) and a limiting groove (903) which are communicated with each other, the assembling groove (902) is communicated with the outside of the shaft sleeve (9), and the limiting groove (903) is communicated with the shaft hole (901); the push rod nut (11) is in threaded connection with the assembly groove (902), and an assembly hole (12) is formed in one end, facing the direction of the shaft hole (901), of the push rod nut (11); one end of the guide push rod (7) is movably matched in the assembling hole (12); the guide push rod (7) further comprises a limiting part (701) matched with the limiting groove (903), and the limiting part (701) is located in the limiting groove (903) and cannot rotate; one end of the second elastic piece (10) is in contact with the limiting part (701), and the other end of the second elastic piece is located in the assembling hole (12).
10. The blowout preventer according to claim 7, wherein one end of the guide push rod (7) in the guide groove (8) is provided with a flat part (702), and the flat part (702) is positioned on the opposite side of the sliding direction of the guide push rod (7) in the guide groove (8); heavy groove (13) are seted up to core (3) bottom surface, annular (14) are seted up to axle sleeve (9) top surface, the upper and lower both ends of first elastic component (6) assemble respectively in heavy groove (13), annular (14).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111489811.9A CN113882820B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Blowout prevention valve in drilling tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111489811.9A CN113882820B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Blowout prevention valve in drilling tool |
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| CN113882820A true CN113882820A (en) | 2022-01-04 |
| CN113882820B CN113882820B (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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| CN202111489811.9A Active CN113882820B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Blowout prevention valve in drilling tool |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117090525A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-21 | 牡丹江通用石油工具有限公司 | Grouting-free drilling tool check valve for pressure-controlled drilling |
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| CN113882820B (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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