CN113882810A - PDC drill bit that adapts to stratum - Google Patents
PDC drill bit that adapts to stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN113882810A CN113882810A CN202110848476.0A CN202110848476A CN113882810A CN 113882810 A CN113882810 A CN 113882810A CN 202110848476 A CN202110848476 A CN 202110848476A CN 113882810 A CN113882810 A CN 113882810A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
- E21B10/55—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits with preformed cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/61—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids characterised by the nozzle structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a stratum-adaptive PDC drill bit, and relates to the technical field of oilfield drilling engineering, the PDC drill bit comprises a drill bit body, fixed blades, telescopic conical teeth, a vibration identification element and a control element, wherein the fixed blades are connected to the end part of the drill bit body, the telescopic conical teeth are arranged on the fixed blades, the telescopic conical teeth can protrude outwards to a stratum and retract into the fixed blades, the vibration identification element and the control element are respectively arranged in the drill bit body, the vibration identification element is electrically connected with the control element, the vibration identification element monitors the vibration state of the fixed blades in real time and transmits the monitored vibration data to the control element, and the control element receives the vibration data and controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic conical teeth according to the vibration data. The PDC drill bit suitable for the stratum can be suitable for soft and hard staggered complex strata.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil field drilling engineering, in particular to a PDC drill bit suitable for a stratum.
Background
In the process of oil and gas exploration, more and more oil and gas resources are found to be buried in deep stratum, deep wells and ultra-deep wells become a trend of oil and gas development, and PDC drill bits become drill bits which are most widely applied in deep well drilling at present.
However, when the bit is used in deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the mechanical drilling speed and the service life of the PDC bit are limited due to the deep oil and gas reservoir and soft and hard staggering of the drilling stratum. The soft stratum is the key for accelerating the deep well drilling, and the acceleration effect of the soft stratum affects the whole drilling process and the final economic benefit. The hard formation rock has high strength, strong grindability and poor drillability, and the drill bit vibrates violently and is easy to break teeth, thus causing a series of problems of short service life of the drill bit, low mechanical drilling speed, reduced well bore quality and the like in the drilling process.
How to give consideration to both soft formation acceleration and hard formation protection of the drill bit to lift the drill bit footage is always a difficult problem for drill bit developers to think. In order to protect the drill bit from lifting to the depth, many drill bit designers adopt a method of embedding and fixing conical teeth behind the cutting blades so as to achieve the purposes of controlling the cutting depth and protecting the drill bit. The method has good effect when drilling hard stratum. However, the deep well ultra-deep well stratum is soft and hard in a staggered manner, when drilling meets a soft stratum, due to the existence of the rear conical teeth, the cutting blades cannot effectively bite into rocks, and then the speed increase of the soft stratum is limited to influence the whole drilling process and the final economic benefit; and secondly, the existence of the fixed conical teeth reduces the chip removal area, so that rock debris cannot be effectively removed, the risk of mud bags is easy to occur when the drill meets strata such as shale, and the drill has to be pulled up in advance when the drill is serious.
In view of the above, the present inventors have designed a formation-adaptive PDF drill bit through repeated experiments according to production design experiences in this field and related fields for many years, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a PDF drill bit suitable for a stratum, which can be suitable for a soft and hard staggered complex stratum.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a PDC drill bit adapting to the stratum, wherein the PDC drill bit comprises a drill bit body, fixed blades, telescopic conical teeth, a vibration identification element and a control element, the fixed blade is connected with the end part of the drill bit body, the telescopic conical teeth are arranged on the fixed blade, the telescopic conical teeth can protrude outwards to the stratum and retract into the fixed blade, the vibration identification element and the control element are respectively arranged in the drill bit body, the vibration recognition element is electrically connected with the control element, monitors the vibration state of the fixed blade in real time and transmits the monitored vibration data to the control element, the control element receives the vibration data and controls extension and retraction of the retractable tapered teeth based on the vibration data.
As described aboveThe PDC drill bit suitable for the stratum, wherein the vibration data obtained by detecting the vibration identification element comprise three actual parameters which are respectively axial vibration parameters g of the fixed blades(X)Tangential vibration parameter g(y)And radial vibration parameter g(z)。
The PDC drill bit adapted to the stratum as described above, wherein the vibration identification elements respectively correspond to the axial vibration parameter g(X)The tangential vibration parameter g(y)And the radial vibration parameter g(z)Taking an absolute value, and calculating three average parameters within the time interval delta t, wherein the three average parameters are average axial vibration parameters delta g(X)Average tangential vibration parameter Δ g(y)And average radial vibration parameter Δ g(z)。
The formation-compatible PDC bit as described above wherein the control element receives the vibration data in real time and commands either cone tooth extension or cone tooth retraction based on the ratio of the average parameter to the actual parameter to control the extension and retraction of the cone teeth.
The formation-compatible PDC bit as described above wherein the instructions for cone extension or cone retraction are made according to a ratio of the average parameter to the actual parameter, comprising:
when condition 1 is satisfied
When the control element outputs a conical tooth extending instruction;
when the condition 1 is not satisfied, the condition 2 is satisfied
When the control element outputs a conical tooth extending instruction;
when the condition 1 and the condition 2 are not satisfied, but the condition 3 is satisfied
When the control element outputs a conical tooth extending instruction;
when the condition 1, the condition 2, and the condition 3 are not met, the control element outputs a command for retracting the conical teeth.
The PDC drill bit adapting to the stratum is characterized in that after the command for controlling the output conical teeth to extend, the vibration time t is more than or equal to 10 hours when the condition 5 is met
The control element outputs a command for retraction of the conical tooth.
The PDC drill bit suitable for the stratum is characterized in that the PDC drill bit is provided with a plurality of fixed blades which are connected to the end portion of the drill bit body at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged on one side of each fixed blade side by side, and at least one telescopic conical tooth is arranged on the top surface of each fixed blade.
The PDC drill bit suitable for the stratum, wherein the mounting cavity used for mounting the telescopic conical teeth is formed in the fixed blade, an opening in one end of the mounting cavity is formed in the outer wall surface of the fixed blade to form an outlet end, the telescopic conical teeth comprise conical tooth bodies and telescopic mechanisms, the conical tooth bodies are arranged in the mounting cavity respectively, and the telescopic mechanisms are electrically connected with the control element and drive the conical tooth bodies to protrude out of the outlet end and retract into the outlet end.
The PDC drill bit suitable for the stratum, wherein a water injection cavity is arranged in the drill bit body, the other end of the installation cavity is communicated with the water injection cavity to form an inlet end, the telescopic mechanism comprises a sealing cover, a clamping tooth and a magnet, the sealing cover can be arranged at the inlet end in an opening and closing mode and is electrically connected with the control circuit, the control circuit controls the opening and closing of the sealing cover to connect and disconnect the installation cavity and the water injection cavity, the magnet is fixedly connected to the other end of the conical tooth body and can be adsorbed on the sealing cover, the clamping tooth is arranged on the inner wall of the installation cavity and is provided with a first form and a second form, when the clamping tooth is in the first form, the clamping tooth limits the conical tooth body to retract, when the clamping tooth is in the second form, the clamping tooth allows the conical tooth body to retract, and the control element is electrically connected with the clamping tooth and controls the clamping tooth to be in the first form and the second form And (5) performing inter-conversion.
The PDC drill bit adapting to the stratum as described above, wherein the outer wall surface of the other end of the conical tooth body is an outer conical surface gradually reducing towards the stratum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
the PDC drill bit suitable for the stratum provided by the invention utilizes the telescopic conical teeth to realize the purposes of preventing mud from being wrapped and drilling fast in a soft stratum and damping and protecting the drill bit in a hard stratum, and the purposes of combining the mechanical drilling speed and the service life of the drill bit and realizing the speed-up and efficiency-improvement of a deep well and an ultra-deep well are realized.
The vibration identification element and the control element of the PDC drill bit suitable for the stratum are arranged in the drill bit body, closed-loop control can be achieved underground, and the mechanical drilling speed of the whole well section is favorably improved.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PDC bit adapted to a formation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention with the retractable conical tooth extended;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the retractable conical tooth of the present invention as it is retracted; a
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a computational model of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100. a PDC bit; 10. A drill bit body;
20. fixing the blade; 21. A mounting cavity;
30. a retractable tapered tooth; 31. A conical tooth body;
32. a sealing cover; 33. Clamping teeth;
34. a magnet; 40. A vibration recognition element;
50. a control element.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a PDC drill bit 100 adapted to a formation, the PDC drill bit including a bit body 10, fixed blades 20, retractable tapered teeth 30, a vibration recognition element 40, and a control element 50, the fixed blades 20 being connected to an end of the bit body 10, the retractable tapered teeth 30 being disposed on the fixed blades 20, the retractable tapered teeth 30 being capable of protruding outward into the formation and retracting into the fixed blades 20, the vibration recognition element 40 and the control element 50 being electrically connected and respectively disposed in the bit body 10, the vibration recognition element 40 being connected to the fixed blades 20 and monitoring a vibration state of the fixed blades 20 in real time, the vibration recognition element 40 transmitting vibration data of the fixed blades 20 to the control element 50, and the control element 50 receiving the vibration data and controlling extension and retraction of the retractable tapered teeth 30 according to the vibration data.
The PDC drill bit 100 suitable for the stratum provided by the invention realizes the purposes of preventing mud bags from caking in a soft stratum and protecting the drill bit by vibration reduction in a hard stratum by utilizing the telescopic conical teeth 30, can give consideration to both the mechanical drilling speed and the service life of the drill bit, and realizes the acceleration and efficiency improvement of a deep well and an ultra-deep well. Specifically, the vibration identification element 40 is connected with the fixed blade 20 and the control element 50, and monitors and transmits vibration data of the fixed blade 20 (drill bit) in real time to identify the downhole vibration working condition of the PDC drill bit 100; the control element 50 can control the extension and retraction of the retractable conical teeth 30 based on an internal calculation model, when the drill bit vibrates excessively in a hard stratum, the control element 50 can send out a conical tooth extending instruction, and the retractable conical teeth 30 extend to the stratum to control the cutting depth, so that the PDC drill bit 100 is protected; when the drill bit meets soft stratum, the vibration amplitude of the drill bit is reduced, the control element 50 can send out a conical tooth retraction instruction, the telescopic conical tooth 30 automatically retracts to increase the cutting depth of the fixed blade 20, improve the mechanical drilling speed, increase the chip removal area, improve the cleaning efficiency of a well hole, reduce complex underground working conditions such as soft stratum mud bags and the like, and finally improve the drilling speed of the PDC drill bit in the soft stratum.
According to the PDC drill bit 100 suitable for the stratum, the vibration identification element 40 and the control element 50 are arranged in the drill bit body 10, closed-loop control can be achieved underground, and the mechanical drilling speed of the whole well section can be improved.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the vibration detection element 40 detects three actual parameters of the stationary blade 20, namely the axial vibration parameter g(X)Tangential vibration parameter g(y)And radial vibration parameter g(z). The vibration data includes the axial vibration parameter g(X)Tangential vibration parameter g(y)And radial vibration parameter g(z)。
Further, vibration identificationThe elements 40 also individually respond to the axial vibration parameter g(X)Tangential vibration parameter g(y)And radial vibration parameter g(z)Taking the absolute value and calculating the average parameter during the interval delta t, i.e. the average axial vibration parameter delta g(X)Average tangential vibration parameter Δ g(y)And average radial vibration parameter Δ g(z). The vibration data further comprises the axial vibration parameter g(X)Absolute value of (1), tangential vibration parameter g(y)Absolute value of (d) and radial vibration parameter g(z)Absolute value of (d), and average axial vibration parameter Δ g(X)Average tangential vibration parameter Δ g(y)And average radial vibration parameter Δ g(z)。
In an alternative example, the control unit 50 receives the vibration data output from the vibration recognition unit 40 in real time and outputs a cone tooth extension command or a cone tooth retraction command based on the ratio (built-in computational model) between the average parameter and the actual parameter to control the extension and retraction of the retractable cone teeth 30.
In the above calculation model, when condition 1 is satisfied, that is
When the control element 50 outputs a conical tooth extending instruction, the telescopic conical tooth 30 extends outwards to the stratum; when the condition 1 is not satisfied, but the condition 2 is satisfied, that is
When the control element 50 outputs a conical tooth extending instruction, the telescopic conical tooth 30 extends outwards to the stratum;
when the condition 1 and the condition 2 are not satisfied, but the condition 3 is satisfied, that is
When the control element 50 outputs a conical tooth extending instruction, the telescopic conical tooth 30 extends outwards to the stratum;
when the condition 1, the condition 2, and the condition 3 are not met, the control element 50 outputs a taper tooth retraction command, and the retractable taper tooth 30 is retracted into the fixed blade 20.
Further, after the control element 50 outputs the taper tooth protrusion instruction, when condition 5 is satisfied, that is, the vibration time t is not less than 10 hours
At this time, the control unit 50 outputs a taper tooth retraction command, and the retractable taper tooth 30 is retracted into the fixed blade 20.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the PDC drill bit 100 has a plurality of fixed blades 20, the plurality of fixed blades 20 are connected to an end portion of the bit body 10 at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged side by side on one side of each fixed blade 20, at least one retractable cone 30 is arranged on a top surface of each fixed blade 20 (i.e., a rear portion of the fixed blade 20), and the retractable cone 30 extends to protect the cutting teeth and the fixed blades 20 from abrasion. Further, the fixed blades 20 may be conventional rock breaking blades, and 6 fixed blades 20 including three main blades and three sub blades are provided on the PDC drill bit 100.
In an alternative example of this embodiment, the fixed blade 20 is provided with a mounting cavity 21 for mounting the retractable tapered teeth 30, one end of the mounting cavity 21 is opened to the outer wall surface of the fixed blade 20 to form an outlet end, and the retractable tapered teeth 30 are integrally cylindrical and are disposed in the mounting cavity 21.
Further, the retractable tapered teeth 30 comprise a tapered teeth body 31 and a retractable mechanism, the tapered teeth body 31 and the retractable mechanism are respectively arranged in the installation cavity 21, and the retractable mechanism is electrically connected with the control element 50 and drives the tapered teeth body 31 to protrude out of the outlet end and retract into the outlet end according to the instruction of the control element 50.
In an optional example, a water injection cavity is arranged in the drill bit body 10, the other end of the mounting cavity 21 is communicated with the water injection cavity to form an inlet end, the telescopic mechanism comprises a sealing cover 32, a clamping tooth 33 and a magnet 34, the sealing cover 32 can be openably and closably arranged at the inlet end and is electrically connected with the control element 50, the control element 50 controls the communication and the partition of the mounting cavity 21 and the water injection cavity through the opening and the closing of the sealing cover 32, the conical tooth body 31 is arranged in the mounting cavity 21 in a penetrating way, the magnet 34 is fixedly connected to the other end of the conical tooth body 31, and the magnet 34 can be attached to the sealing cover 32, the latch 33 is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 21, the latch 33 has a first form and a second form, which limits the retraction of the conical tooth body 31 when the latch 33 is in the first configuration, which allows the conical tooth body 31 to retract into the mounting cavity 21 when the latch 33 is in the second configuration, the control element 50 is electrically connected to the latch 33 and controls the transition of the latch 33 between the first configuration and the second configuration. With the above structure, the control element 50 controls the opening and closing of the sealing cover 32 and the clamping teeth 33 to realize the extension and retraction of the conical teeth. Specifically, after the control element 50 makes a decision that the conical tooth extends out, the control element controls the sealing cover 32 to open, liquid in the water injection cavity enters the installation cavity 21 and pushes the conical tooth body 31 to extend out of the inlet end, and then the control element 50 controls the clamping tooth 33 to be converted into the first form to form a wedge-shaped structure so as to prevent the conical tooth body 31 from retracting, so that the conical tooth body 31 keeps the extending state to cut and excavate the stratum; when the control element 50 makes a decision of retraction of the conical teeth, it controls the sealing cover 32 to close, the latch 33 transforms into the second shape, and the conical teeth body 31 retracts into the installation cavity 21 after losing the thrust of the water flow and is attracted to the sealing cover 32 through the magnet 34.
Further, the exit end of installation cavity 21 is equipped with limit structure, prevents that conical tooth body 31 from droing from the exit end.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the opening and closing control of the sealing cap 32 and the latch 33 uses an electromagnet technology. Specifically, the sealing cover 32 and the clamping tooth 33 respectively comprise an electromagnet structure, the electromagnet structure is also arranged at the opening position of the sealing cover 32, when the control element 50 controls the sealing cover circuit to be communicated, the sealing cover 32 is opened under the adsorption action of the electromagnet, high-pressure fluid enters, and the conical tooth extends out under the action of pressure; the position that the inner wall of installation cavity 12 corresponds the calorie of tooth 33 bottom also is equipped with the electro-magnet structure, and calorie of tooth 33 bottom is the spring structure, and it is for calorie of tooth 33 for the state of stretching out when not circular telegram, and when control element 50 control calorie of tooth circuit intercommunication, calorie of tooth 33 withdraws under the electro-magnet adsorption, and the tapered tooth withdraws under the absorption of top magnet this moment to realize that control element 50 accessible controls two circuits of sealed lid 32 and calorie of tooth 33, realize the purpose that the tapered tooth stretches out the withdrawal.
In an alternative example of this embodiment, the outer wall surface of one end of the conical tooth body 31 is an outer conical surface gradually reducing toward the formation. With the above structure, after the conical tooth body 31 extends out of the ground, the outer cone is used to cut the ground, thereby protecting the fixed blade 20.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the vibration recognition element 40 is a ring structure and is fixed inside the drill bit by means of magnetic adsorption, so as to collect and analyze three-axis vibration parameters of the drill bit in real time and output effective vibration data. It should be noted that the vibration identification element 40 may be a conventional identification element, for example, an identification element with a model number HS173+ WEBDAQ-504, or other conventional identification elements may be used, which is not described herein.
In an alternative example of the present invention, the control element 50 includes a vibration signal receiver, a vibration signal identification calculation chip, and a control output device; the vibration signal receiver receives the signals transmitted by the vibration identification element 40 in real time and eliminates invalid data by adopting a wavelet noise reduction method (the prior art); the vibration signal identification calculation chip calculates the vibration intensity by adopting the vibration calculation model shown in the figure 4; the purpose of controlling the extension of the tapered teeth is achieved by controlling the on-off of the current by the control output device.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the operation of the PDC drill bit 100 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment:
step 1: the vibration identification element 40 collects three-axis vibration parameters of the drill bit, i.e., axial vibration parameter g(X)Tangential vibration parameter g(y)And radial vibration parameters g (z), eliminating invalid data, andthe absolute value of the vibration parameter is obtained, and the average triaxial vibration parameter in the time of the interval delta t, namely the average axial vibration parameter delta g is output(X)Average tangential vibration parameter Δ g(y)And average tangential vibration parameter Δ g(z)；
Step 2: the control element 50 receives the triaxial vibration data in real time, and outputs a cone tooth extending or retracting command based on a built-in calculation model, which is shown in fig. 4;
and 3, step 3: when PDC drill bit 100 enters hard formation and has higher vibration intensity, the sealing cover 32 of the telescopic conical tooth 30 is opened under the command of the control element 50, drilling fluid enters the installation cavity 21, the conical tooth body 31 extends out under the action of pressure, rocks are eaten under the fixed action of the clamping tooth 33, the drilling pressure is absorbed, and rock breaking is assisted: when the PDC bit 100 enters soft ground and the vibration intensity is low, the clamping teeth 33 of the retractable conical teeth 30 retract under the command of the control element 50, the sealing cover 32 is closed, and the conical teeth body 31 retracts into the cylinder under the adsorption of the upper magnet 34.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and in particular, various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments, and the features are understood to be applicable to any embodiment except the explicitly opposite descriptions, and are not limited to the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a PDC drill bit in adaptation stratum, a serial communication port, the PDC drill bit includes drill bit body, fixed wing, scalable toper tooth, vibration identification element and control element, fixed wing is connected the tip of drill bit body, scalable toper tooth is located on the fixed wing, flexible toper tooth can be outside protruding to the stratum and retract to in the fixed wing, vibration identification element with control element sets up respectively this is internal for the drill bit, vibration identification element with the control element electricity is connected, vibration identification element real-time supervision the vibration state of fixed wing and the vibration data transmission who obtains with the monitoring extremely control element, control element receives vibration data and according to vibration data control stretching out and retracting of scalable toper tooth.
2. The earth-conforming PDC bit according to claim 1 wherein the vibration data detected by the vibration identification element comprises three actual parameters, each of which is the axial vibration parameter g of the fixed blades(X)Tangential vibration parameter g(y)And radial vibration parameter g(z)。
3. The formation-compliant PDC bit of claim 2 wherein the vibration identification elements are individually tuned to the axial vibration parameter g(X)The tangential vibration parameter g(y)And the radial vibration parameter g(z)Taking an absolute value, and respectively calculating three average parameters within the time interval delta t, wherein the three average parameters are respectively average axial vibration parameters delta g(X)Average tangential vibration parameter Δ g(y)And average radial vibration parameter Δ g(z)。
4. The formation-compliant PDC bit of claim 3 wherein the control element receives the vibration data in real time and commands either cone tooth extension or cone tooth retraction based on a ratio of the average parameter to the actual parameter to control the extension and retraction of the cone teeth.
5. The PDC bit of claim 4, wherein the instructions for cone extension or cone retraction based on a ratio of the average parameter to the actual parameter comprises:
when condition 1 is met:
when the control element outputs a conical tooth extending instruction;
when the condition 1 is not satisfied, but the condition 2 is satisfied:
when the control element outputs a conical tooth extending instruction;
when the condition 1 and the condition 2 are not satisfied, but the condition 3 is satisfied:
when the speed is 10%, the control element outputs a conical tooth extending instruction;
when the condition 1, the condition 2, and the condition 3 are not met, the control element outputs a command for retracting the conical teeth.
6. The formation-compliant PDC bit of claim 5 wherein after the instructions to control the extension of the output cone, when condition 5: the vibration time t is more than or equal to 10 hours
The control element outputs a command for retraction of the conical tooth.
7. The earth-conforming PDC bit according to claim 1 having a plurality of the fixed blades circumferentially attached at equally spaced intervals to an end of the bit body, a plurality of cutting teeth being provided side-by-side on one side of each of the fixed blades, and at least one of the retractable tapered teeth being provided on a top surface of each of the fixed blades.
8. The PDC drill bit suitable for the formation according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the fixed blade is provided with a mounting cavity for mounting the retractable tapered teeth, one end of the mounting cavity is opened on the outer wall surface of the fixed blade to form an outlet end, the retractable tapered teeth comprise a tapered tooth body and a telescopic mechanism, the tapered tooth body and the telescopic mechanism are respectively arranged in the mounting cavity, and the telescopic mechanism is electrically connected with the control element and drives the tapered tooth body to protrude out of the outlet end and retract into the outlet end according to an instruction of the control element.
9. The PDC drill bit adaptable to the formation of claim 8, wherein a water injection cavity is formed in the drill bit body, the other end of the mounting cavity is communicated with the water injection cavity to form an inlet end, the telescoping mechanism comprises a sealing cover, a clamping tooth and a magnet, the sealing cover can be opened and closed and is arranged at the inlet end and electrically connected with the control, the control controls the communication and the partition of the mounting cavity and the water injection cavity through the opening and closing of the sealing cover, the magnet is fixedly connected to the other end of the conical tooth body, the magnet can be adsorbed on the sealing cover, the clamping tooth is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cavity and has a first shape and a second shape, the clamping tooth limits the retraction of the conical tooth body when in the first shape and allows the retraction of the conical tooth body when in the second shape, the control element is electrically connected with the bayonet and controls the bayonet to be converted between the first state and the second state.
10. The PDC bit of claim 9 wherein the body has an outer wall at the opposite end that is tapered to provide an outer taper that tapers toward the formation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110848476.0A CN113882810A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | PDC drill bit that adapts to stratum |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110848476.0A CN113882810A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | PDC drill bit that adapts to stratum |
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| CN113882810A true CN113882810A (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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| CN202110848476.0A Pending CN113882810A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | PDC drill bit that adapts to stratum |
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| CN (1) | CN113882810A (en) |
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