CN108661562A - Hydraulic self-adapting drill bit - Google Patents
Hydraulic self-adapting drill bit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108661562A CN108661562A CN201810357944.2A CN201810357944A CN108661562A CN 108661562 A CN108661562 A CN 108661562A CN 201810357944 A CN201810357944 A CN 201810357944A CN 108661562 A CN108661562 A CN 108661562A
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- Prior art keywords
- piston
- cavity
- adapting
- drill bit
- hydraulic self
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 49
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/17—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type of differential-piston type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/22—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/22—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke
- F15B15/226—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices for accelerating or decelerating the stroke having elastic elements, e.g. springs, rubber pads
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit, including drill body, the centre bore of top end opening is provided in drill body, the circumferentially spaced multiple cutting tooth groups of setting in bottom end of drill body, each cutting tooth group includes a movable teeth being arranged close to the radial center of drill body, movable teeth is located at one end inside drill body and is connected with the hydraulic self-adapting structure for allowing movable teeth telescopic movable, and each cutting tooth group further includes multiple fixation teeth for being fixedly installed on movable teeth radial outside.The hydraulic self-adapting drill bit overcomes problems of the prior art, the drill bit to have the automatic ability for adapting to formation variations, can improve the drilling efficiency of bad ground, reduce drilling cost, enhance stability of bit, reduce the probability that drilling failure occurs, improves drilling well income.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum drilling technology field more particularly to a kind of hydraulic self-adapting drill bits.
Background technology
With deepening continuously for oil-gas exploration and development, shallow-layer easy exploiting conventional gas and oil resource is fewer and fewer, and deep is complicated
Unconventional petroleum resources are just gradually becoming the emphasis of exploration and development.Under deep ＆ ultra-deep well and complex geological condition, often meet
To the difficult rock drilling such as granite, hard sand, conglomerate, generally have hardness it is big, it is heterogeneous it is strong, drillability is poor, abrasiveness
The features such as high, existing frequently-used rock crushing tool routine PDC drill bit often occur that broken rock speed is slow, drill bit when being crushed this rocks
The problems such as short life, broken rock of high cost, brings new risk and challenge to drilling well：
(1) challenge that new probing demand is brought：As the unconventional resource explorations such as shale gas, fine and close viscous crude, underground heat are opened
Hair deepens continuously, and deep-well, ultradeep well, extended reach well and long straight horizontal well are just applied more and more widely, and conventional shallow-layer
Straight well drilling is compared, and since well depth and Holes of Complicated Wells hop count purpose increase, drilling risk and cost are also increased sharply, this is all to PDC
More stringent requirements are proposed for drill bit personalized designs and resultant performance enhancements；(2) challenge that special formation property is brought：Deep is multiple
Under miscellaneous geological conditions, rock has higher hardness, the abrasiveness of bigger, stronger anti-drilling and more complicated anisotropism,
Simultaneously because the fracture pressure variation of caving on stratum is more complicated, bottom hole temperature (BHT) promotion, drilling fluid property is more difficult to control, this
Conventional PDC drill bit will be caused when carrying out broken rock, drill bit is difficult to stablize wedging formation rock, and the vibrations such as portraitlandscape torsion are more
Aggravate it is strong, abrasion it is also more serious, stability of bit, efficiency of breaking rock, service life drastically decline, and initial failure easily occurs
With the down-hole accident of various complexity.When conventional PDC drill bit is crept into these Complex Rocks, drilling speed generally be less than 2m/h, always into
Ruler is less than 60m, some PDC drill bits there is also drilling depth less than 10m just there is a phenomenon where failing, greatly restrict unconventional money
The Efficient Exploration in source is developed.
For current challenge, there are following several coping styles：(1) it is general to prevent accident from occurring to reduce bit pressure and rotating speed
Rate.Disadvantage is that：It is serious to reduce bit speed, increase drilling cost；(2) come using underground booster and percussion tool
The efficiency of breaking rock for promoting PDC drill bit, to control drilling cost, disadvantage is that：It exacerbates bit vibration, reduce brill
Head service life and stability etc.；(3) impregnated piece of adaptive drill bit of hydraulic hybrid of PDC-, the change of automatic identification formation lithology are used
Change, to make drill bit preferably adapt to stratum, disadvantage is that：It is designed using simple lodging mechanism combination U-shaped spring,
The purpose cut automatically using different cutting units in soft or hard Different Strata is realized to a certain extent, but function is opposite
It is single, its ability for adapting to stratum can not be increased while keeping PDC tooth efficiency of breaking rock high, simultaneously because increasing drill bit
The activity of cutting structure causes drill bit integral strength to decline, and the drill bit is designed using coring bit, can not be used for full ruler
Very little PDC drill bit.
The present inventor relies on experience and the practice for being engaged in relevant industries for many years as a result, proposes a kind of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit,
To overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic self-adapting drill bits, overcome problems of the prior art, the brill
Head has the automatic ability for adapting to formation variations, can improve the drilling efficiency of bad ground, reduces drilling cost, and enhancing drill bit is steady
It is qualitative, the probability that drilling failure occurs is reduced, drilling well income is improved.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit, including drill body, the drill body
It is inside provided with the centre bore of top end opening, the circumferentially spaced multiple cutting tooth groups of setting in bottom end of the drill body are each described
Cutting tooth group includes a movable teeth being arranged close to the radial center of the drill body, and the movable teeth is located at the drill bit sheet
The one end in internal portion is connected with the hydraulic self-adapting structure for allowing the movable teeth telescopic movable, and each cutting tooth group is also
Including multiple fixation teeth for being fixedly installed on the movable teeth radial outside.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic self-adapting structure includes being arranged in the drill body
The first piston cavity of bottom end opening is equipped with first piston in the first piston cavity from sealed bottom sliding, and described the
The other end of one piston is fixedly connected on the movable teeth；The top of the first piston cavity passes through the first liquid pipe and top
Hydraulic structure sealing connection.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the first piston cavity and the first piston are oblique from bottom to top
The radial outside of the drill body is arranged.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the top hydraulic structure includes being fixedly installed in the centre bore
Second piston cavity, second piston cavity interior sealing sliding is equipped with second piston, and the top of the second piston is arranged
There is sealing sliding to wear through the second piston bar at the top of the second piston cavity, the second piston cavity is located at described the
Space below two pistons constitutes second piston rodless cavity, the bottom of the second piston rodless cavity by first liquid pipe with
The top sealing connection of the first piston cavity；
The top hydraulic structure further includes the third piston cavity being fixedly installed in the centre bore, and the third is lived
It fills in the sliding of cavity interior sealing and is equipped with third piston, the end sealing sliding of the second piston bar is worn through the third piston
It the bottom of cavity and is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the third piston, is located under the third piston in the third piston cavity
The space of side constitutes third piston rod chamber, and the space in the third piston cavity above the third piston constitutes the
Three piston rodless cavities, the interior setting of the third piston rodless cavity, which can delay, hinders the slow resistance structure that the third piston moves up and down.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the slow resistance structure includes that one end contact is connected to the third piston
Top slow resistance spring, the other end of the slow resistance spring is resisted against the top of the third piston cavity；The third is lived
The top side wall for filling in rodless cavity is communicated in the side wall bottom of the third piston rod chamber by the second liquid pipe and the sealing of third liquid pipe
Portion is serially connected with allow liquid to flow to the third piston rod chamber from the third piston rodless cavity the in second liquid pipe
One check valve, being serially connected in the third liquid pipe allows liquid to flow to the third piston without bar from the third piston rod chamber
Second check valve of chamber, the internal diameter size of the third liquid pipe are more than the internal diameter size of second liquid pipe, and described second is unidirectional
The opening size of valve is more than the opening size of first check valve.
The present invention a better embodiment in, the slow resistance structure further include be fixedly installed on the third piston without
Blocking solution cylinder in rod cavity, is provided with liquid pass hole up and down on the blocking solution cylinder, and the top of the third piston is equipped with upward
It is extended and can wear the blocking solution column by the liquid pass hole, the internal diameter size of the liquid pass hole is more than the outer of the blocking solution column
One end contact of diameter size, the slow resistance spring is connected to the top of the blocking solution column.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, at least one permission liquid is provided on the third piston described in
Third piston rod chamber flows to the third check valve of the third piston rodless cavity, and the third check valve is located at the blocking solution column
Radial outside, the opening size of the third check valve is more than the opening size of first check valve.
In the better embodiment of the present invention, the top side wall of the drill body is provided with taper thread portion.
From the above mentioned, hydraulic self-adapting drill bit provided by the invention has the advantages that：
Movable teeth, movable teeth telescopic movable are set in the hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention so that hydraulic pressure of the invention is certainly
The variation on soft or hard stratum can be adapted to automatically by adapting to drill bit, effectively absorb the energy of hydraulic self-adapting bit bounce in drilling process
Amount mitigates the vibrations of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit, prevents the appearance of stick-slip phenomenon；The hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention can be adjusted automatically
The cutting depth of the fixed tooth of section, improves the drilling efficiency of bad ground, enhances stability of bit, reduce drilling cost, reduce and bore
The probability that well accident occurs；The hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention can the drilling well under high bit pressure, high-revolving drilling condition, and energy
Stablize drilling well in the bad grounds such as granite, conglomerate and soft or hard interlayer rock, it is adaptable, drilling well income is improved, is conducive to promote
It uses.
Description of the drawings
The following drawings are only intended to schematically illustrate and explain the present invention, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein：
Fig. 1：Movable teeth for the hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention stretches out state lower structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2：For the movable teeth contraction state lower structure schematic diagram of the hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention.
In figure：
100, hydraulic self-adapting drill bit；
1, drill body；
11, centre bore；111, lock chamber；
12, taper thread portion；
2, cutting tooth group；
21, movable teeth；22, fixed tooth；
3, hydraulic self-adapting structure；
311, first piston cavity；312, first piston；
321, second piston cavity；322, second piston；323, second piston bar；
331, third piston cavity；332, third piston；
34, delay resistance spring；
35, blocking solution cylinder；351, liquid pass hole；
36, blocking solution column；
41, the first liquid pipe；42, the second liquid pipe；43, third liquid pipe；
51, the first check valve；52, the second check valve；53, third check valve.
Specific implementation mode
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, now control illustrates this hair
Bright specific implementation mode.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention provides a kind of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100, including drill body 1, drill body 1
It is inside provided with the centre bore 11 of top end opening, the circumferentially spaced multiple cutting tooth groups 2 of setting in bottom end of drill body 1 are each to cut
Tooth group 2 includes a movable teeth 21 being arranged close to the radial center of drill body, and movable teeth 21 is located at one inside drill body 1
End is connected with the hydraulic self-adapting structure 3 for allowing 21 telescopic movable of movable teeth, and each cutting tooth group 2 further includes that multiple fixations are set
It is placed in the fixation tooth 22 of 21 radial outside of movable teeth.
Movable teeth, movable teeth telescopic movable are set in the hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention so that hydraulic pressure of the invention is certainly
The variation on soft or hard stratum can be adapted to automatically by adapting to drill bit, effectively absorb what hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 in drilling process was beated
Energy mitigates the vibrations of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100, prevents the appearance of stick-slip phenomenon；The hydraulic self-adapting drill bit energy of the present invention
The cutting depth of the fixed tooth of automatic adjustment, improves the drilling efficiency of bad ground, enhances stability of bit, reduce drilling cost,
Reduce the probability that drilling failure occurs；The hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention can bore under high bit pressure, high-revolving drilling condition
Well, and drilling well can be stablized in the bad grounds such as granite, conglomerate and soft or hard interlayer rock, it is adaptable, improve drilling well income, profit
In promoting the use of.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, hydraulic self-adapting structure 3 includes the of the bottom end opening being arranged in drill body 1
One piston cavity 311, first piston cavity 311 is interior to be equipped with first piston 312 from sealed bottom sliding, first piston 312
The other end is fixedly connected on movable teeth 21；The top of first piston cavity 311 passes through the first liquid pipe 41 and top hydraulic structure
Sealing connection.When hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 is in Soft Soil Layer broken rock, due to the characteristic on stratum, the cutting depth of fixed tooth 22
Can be larger, movable teeth 21 is entered along the axial shrinkage of first piston cavity 311 in drill body 1 by the pressure of rock stratum at this time
Portion, the liquid in first piston cavity 311 enter top hydraulic structure along the first liquid pipe 41, and movable teeth 21 is shunk, into one
Step increases the cutting depth of fixed tooth 22, improve hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 Soft Soil Layer efficiency of breaking rock, when reducing drilling well
Between；When hydraulic self-adapting 100 drilling well in hard formation of drill bit, due to the characteristic on stratum, the cutting depth of fixed tooth 22 reduces,
Movable teeth 21, which is pressurized, to be weakened, and under the balanced action of power, the liquid in the hydraulic structure of top enters first along the first liquid pipe 41 and lives
In plug cavity 311 and first piston 312 is pushed to be moved down along the axial direction of first piston cavity 311 so that movable teeth 21 moves down stretching
Drill body 1 effectively improves stability and the service life of drill bit to further decrease the cutting depth of fixed tooth 22, improves broken
Rock efficiency.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, first piston cavity 311 and first piston 312 oblique drill body from bottom to top
1 radial outside setting.First piston cavity 311 and first piston 312 are obliquely installed so that suffered rock on movable teeth 21
Layer reaction force direction and the setting direction of first piston 312 are same or similar, and the movement of first piston 312 is more smooth.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, top hydraulic structure includes the second piston chamber being fixedly installed in centre bore 11
Lock chamber 111 is arranged in the present embodiment in body 321 on the inner wall of centre bore 11, second piston cavity 321 is fixed at
In lock chamber 111；The sliding of 321 interior sealing of second piston cavity is equipped with second piston 322, and the top of second piston 322 is provided with
Sealing sliding wears the second piston bar 323 by 321 top of second piston cavity, and second piston cavity 321 is located at second and lives
The space of 322 lower section of plug constitutes second piston rodless cavity, and the bottom of second piston rodless cavity is lived by the first liquid pipe 41 and first
Fill in the top sealing connection of cavity 311.Top hydraulic structure further includes the third piston cavity being fixedly installed in centre bore 11
331, the sliding of 331 interior sealing of third piston cavity is equipped with third piston 332, and the end sealing sliding of second piston bar 323 is worn
It is fixedly connected by the bottom of third piston cavity 331 and with the bottom end of third piston 332, is located in third piston cavity 331
The space of 332 lower section of third piston constitutes third piston rod chamber, and 332 top of third piston is located in third piston cavity 331
Space constitute third piston rodless cavity, setting, which can delay, in third piston rodless cavity hinders the slow resistance knot that third piston moves up and down
Structure.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it includes the slow of the top that one end contact is connected to third piston 332 to delay resistance structure
Spring 34 is hindered, the other end of slow resistance spring 34 is resisted against the top of third piston cavity 331；The side wall top of third piston rodless cavity
Portion seals the sidewall bottom for being communicated in third piston rod chamber by the second liquid pipe 42 and third liquid pipe 43, is gone here and there in the second liquid pipe 42
It is connected to the first check valve 51 for allowing liquid to flow to third piston rod chamber from third piston rodless cavity, is concatenated in third liquid pipe 43
There are the second check valve 52 for allowing liquid to flow to third piston rodless cavity from third piston rod chamber, the internal diameter ruler of third liquid pipe 43
The very little internal diameter size for being more than the second liquid pipe 42, the opening size of the second check valve 52 are more than the opening size of the first check valve 51.
Slow resistance structure can effectively slow down the contraction speed of movable teeth 21, when movable teeth 21 is shunk, the liquid in first piston cavity 311
Body enters second piston rodless cavity along the first liquid pipe 41, and second piston 322 moves up and pushes third to live by second piston bar 323
Plug 332 moves up, and when third piston 332 moves up, slow resistance spring 34 compresses and generates downward resistance to third piston 332, in turn
Slow down the speed that moves up of third piston 332, third piston 332 moves up, and the liquid in third piston rodless cavity passes through the second liquid pipe
42, the first check valve 51 flows to third piston rod chamber.The internal diameter size of third liquid pipe 43 is more than the internal diameter ruler of the second liquid pipe 42
Very little, the opening size of the second check valve 52 is more than the opening size of the first check valve 51, and the liquid in third piston rod chamber is more
It is easy to flow upwardly into third piston rodless cavity, the liquid in third piston rodless cavity, which is not easy to flow downwardly into third piston, bar
Chamber.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it further includes the blocking solution cylinder being fixedly installed in third piston rodless cavity to delay resistance structure
35, liquid pass hole 351 up and down is provided on blocking solution cylinder 35, the top of third piston 332, which is equipped with, upwardly extends setting and energy
The blocking solution column 36 by liquid pass hole is worn, the internal diameter size of liquid pass hole 351 is more than the outer diameter of blocking solution column 36, delays resistance spring 34
One end contact be connected to the top of blocking solution column 36.Smaller flow channel for liquids can be constituted between blocking solution column 36 and liquid pass hole 351, hindered
Fluid cylinder 35 can effectively slow down the upper movement of liquid in third piston rodless cavity, further slow down third piston 332 and move up speed
Degree, and then realize the contraction speed of movable teeth 21 so that the movement of movable teeth 21 is more stablized.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, at least one permission liquid is provided on third piston 332 has from third piston
Rod cavity flows to the third check valve 53 of third piston rodless cavity, and third check valve 53 is located at the radial outside of blocking solution column 36.Third
The opening size of check valve 53 is more than the opening size of the first check valve 51, and the liquid in third piston rod chamber is more easily upward
Flow into third piston rodless cavity.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the top side wall of drill body 1 is provided with taper thread portion 12.Drill body 1
Top carries out drilling operation by 12 jointed rod of taper thread portion (prior art).Taper thread portion 12 is so that drill body 1 and brill
More stable sealed connection is realized between bar.
When carrying out drillng operation using the hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 of the present invention, hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 is pacified first
On drilling rod, hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 is driven to rotate by the drilling machine (prior art) on ground, to carry out broken rock.
When hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 is in Soft Soil Layer broken rock, due to the characteristic on stratum, the cutting depth meeting of fixed tooth 22
Larger, movable teeth 21 is entered along the axial shrinkage of first piston cavity 311 inside of drill body 1 by the pressure of rock stratum at this time
(as shown in Figure 2), the liquid in first piston cavity 311 enter second piston rodless cavity, second piston 322 along the first liquid pipe 41
It moves up and pushes third piston 332 to move up by second piston bar 323, when third piston 332 moves up, in third piston rodless cavity
Liquid third piston rod chamber is flowed to by the second liquid pipe 42, the first check valve 51, while slow resistance spring 34 compression and to the
Three pistons 332 generate downward resistance, and the liquid uplink in 35 pairs of third piston rodless cavities of blocking solution cylinder also generates resistance, and three is total
Same-action slows down the speed that moves up of third piston 332, third piston 332 in third piston rod chamber under liquid thrust on
It rises until reaching the limit of height, slow resistance spring 34 is compressed to shortest length at this time.Movable teeth 21 is slowly shunk, and it is adaptive to absorb hydraulic pressure
The bounce energy in 100 drilling process of drill bit to be answered, the vibrations of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 are mitigated, movable teeth 21 is shunk, thus into
One step increases the cutting depth of fixed tooth 22, improve hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 Soft Soil Layer efficiency of breaking rock, when reducing drilling well
Between.
When hydraulic self-adapting 100 drilling well in hard formation of drill bit, due to the characteristic on stratum, the cutting depth of fixed tooth 22
Reduce, movable teeth 21, which is pressurized, to be weakened, and under the action of the downward active force of slow resistance spring 34, third piston 332 moves down, third
Liquid is entered by third check valve 53 on third liquid pipe 43, the second check valve 52 and third piston 332 in piston rod chamber
Third piston rodless cavity, third piston 332 move down and push second piston 322 to move down by second piston bar 323, second piston
Liquid in rodless cavity is flowed into first piston cavity 311 by the first liquid pipe 41 and pushes first piston 312 along first piston
The axial direction of cavity 311 moves down so that movable teeth 21, which moves down, stretches out drill body 1 (as shown in Figure 1), to further decrease fixation
The cutting depth of tooth 22 effectively improves stability and the service life of drill bit, improves efficiency of breaking rock.
Due to the activity characteristic of movable teeth 21, hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 can better adapt to soft or hard stratum staggeredly,
21 telescopic moving of movable teeth absorbs the energy that hydraulic self-adapting drill bit 100 is beated in drilling process, mitigates hydraulic self-adapting drill bit
100 vibrations prevent the appearance of stick-slip phenomenon.
From the above mentioned, hydraulic self-adapting drill bit provided by the invention has the advantages that：
Movable teeth, movable teeth telescopic movable are set in the hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention so that hydraulic pressure of the invention is certainly
The variation on soft or hard stratum can be adapted to automatically by adapting to drill bit, effectively absorb the energy of hydraulic self-adapting bit bounce in drilling process
Amount mitigates the vibrations of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit, prevents the appearance of stick-slip phenomenon；The hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention can be adjusted automatically
The cutting depth of the fixed tooth of section, improves the drilling efficiency of bad ground, enhances stability of bit, reduce drilling cost, reduce and bore
The probability that well accident occurs；The hydraulic self-adapting drill bit of the present invention can the drilling well under high bit pressure, high-revolving drilling condition, and energy
Stablize drilling well in the bad grounds such as granite, conglomerate and soft or hard interlayer rock, it is adaptable, drilling well income is improved, is conducive to promote
It uses.
The foregoing is merely the schematical specific implementation modes of the present invention, are not limited to the scope of the present invention.It is any
Those skilled in the art, made equivalent variations and modification under the premise of not departing from design and the principle of the present invention,
The scope of protection of the invention should be belonged to.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of hydraulic self-adapting drill bit, including drill body, the centre bore of top end opening is provided in the drill body,
It is characterized in that, the circumferentially spaced multiple cutting tooth groups of setting in bottom end of the drill body, each cutting tooth group is leaned on including one
The movable teeth of the radial center setting of the nearly drill body, the movable teeth are located at the connection of one end inside the drill body
Being provided with allows the hydraulic self-adapting structure of the movable teeth telescopic movable, and each cutting tooth group further includes multiple fixed settings
In the fixation tooth of the movable teeth radial outside.
2. hydraulic self-adapting drill bit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the hydraulic self-adapting structure includes the brill
The first piston cavity for the bottom end opening being arranged in head ontology is equipped with the in the first piston cavity from sealed bottom sliding
The other end of one piston, the first piston is fixedly connected on the movable teeth；Pass through at the top of the first piston cavity
First liquid pipe is connected to the sealing of top hydraulic structure.
3. hydraulic self-adapting drill bit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the first piston cavity and described first is lived
Fill in the radial outside setting of the oblique drill body from bottom to top.
4. hydraulic self-adapting drill bit as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that the top hydraulic structure includes fixing
The second piston cavity being set in the centre bore, the second piston cavity interior sealing sliding is equipped with second piston, described
It is provided with sealing sliding at the top of second piston to wear through the second piston bar at the top of the second piston cavity, described second
Piston cavity is located at the space below the second piston and constitutes second piston rodless cavity, the bottom of the second piston rodless cavity
It is connected to the sealing of the top of the first piston cavity by first liquid pipe；
The top hydraulic structure further includes the third piston cavity being fixedly installed in the centre bore, the third plunger shaft
Sealing sliding in vivo is equipped with third piston, and the end sealing sliding of the second piston bar is worn through the third piston cavity
Bottom and be fixedly connected with the bottom end of the third piston, be located at below the third piston in the third piston cavity
Space constitutes third piston rod chamber, and the space above the third piston is located in the third piston cavity and constitutes third work
Rodless cavity is filled in, is arranged to delay in the third piston rodless cavity and hinders the slow resistance structure that the third piston moves up and down.
5. hydraulic self-adapting drill bit as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the slow resistance structure includes one end contact connection
The other end of slow resistance spring in the top of the third piston, the slow resistance spring is resisted against the top of the third piston cavity
Portion；The top side wall of the third piston rodless cavity is communicated in the third piston and is had by the second liquid pipe and the sealing of third liquid pipe
The sidewall bottom of rod cavity, being serially connected in second liquid pipe, which allows liquid to flow to the third from the third piston rodless cavity, lives
It is plugged with the first check valve of rod cavity, being serially connected in the third liquid pipe allows liquid from described in third piston rod chamber flow direction
Second check valve of third piston rodless cavity, the internal diameter size of the third liquid pipe are more than the internal diameter size of second liquid pipe,
The opening size of second check valve is more than the opening size of first check valve.
6. hydraulic self-adapting drill bit as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the slow resistance structure further includes being fixedly installed on
Blocking solution cylinder in the third piston rodless cavity is provided with liquid pass hole up and down, the third piston on the blocking solution cylinder
Top be equipped with upwardly extend setting and the blocking solution column by the liquid pass hole can be worn, the internal diameter size of the liquid pass hole is more than
One end contact of the outer diameter of the blocking solution column, the slow resistance spring is connected to the top of the blocking solution column.
7. hydraulic self-adapting drill bit as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that be provided on the third piston at least one
Liquid is allowed to flow to the third check valve of the third piston rodless cavity, the third check valve from the third piston rod chamber
Positioned at the radial outside of the blocking solution column, the opening size of the third check valve is more than the open-mouth ruler of first check valve
It is very little.
8. hydraulic self-adapting drill bit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the top side wall of the drill body is provided with
Taper thread portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357944.2A CN108661562A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Hydraulic self-adapting drill bit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357944.2A CN108661562A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Hydraulic self-adapting drill bit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108661562A true CN108661562A (en) | 2018-10-16 |
Family
ID=63780134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810357944.2A Pending CN108661562A (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2018-04-20 | Hydraulic self-adapting drill bit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108661562A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110860721A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-06 | 深圳市飞龙云商贸有限公司 | Numerically-controlled drilling machine with coolant liquid is retrieved and clean function of piece |
| CN113216841A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-06 | 河北锐石钻头制造有限公司 | PDC drill bit capable of automatically adjusting |
| CN113882810A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-01-04 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | PDC drill bit that adapts to stratum |
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| US20100212964A1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-08-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill Bit With Adjustable Cutters |
| US20150292268A1 (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2015-10-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bits including retractable pads, cartridges including retractable pads for such drill bits, and related methods |
| US20160053551A1 (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2016-02-25 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bit with self-adjusting pads |
| CN105156035B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-29 | 长江大学 | A kind of oscillating tooth PDC drill bit |
| CN107208476A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-09-26 | 哈利伯顿能源服务公司 | Adjustable depth of cut control to downhole well tool |
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| US20100212964A1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-08-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill Bit With Adjustable Cutters |
| US20150292268A1 (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2015-10-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bits including retractable pads, cartridges including retractable pads for such drill bits, and related methods |
| US20160053551A1 (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2016-02-25 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bit with self-adjusting pads |
| CN107208476A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-09-26 | 哈利伯顿能源服务公司 | Adjustable depth of cut control to downhole well tool |
| CN105156035B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-29 | 长江大学 | A kind of oscillating tooth PDC drill bit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110860721A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-06 | 深圳市飞龙云商贸有限公司 | Numerically-controlled drilling machine with coolant liquid is retrieved and clean function of piece |
| CN110860721B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-01-26 | 深圳市鑫亚泰机械设备有限公司 | Numerically-controlled drilling machine with coolant liquid is retrieved and clean function of piece |
| CN113216841A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-06 | 河北锐石钻头制造有限公司 | PDC drill bit capable of automatically adjusting |
| CN113882810A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-01-04 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | PDC drill bit that adapts to stratum |
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Application publication date: 20181016 |