CN113881513A - Detergent for decontamination of nuclear power station reactor components and use method thereof - Google Patents
Detergent for decontamination of nuclear power station reactor components and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113881513A CN113881513A CN202111049944.4A CN202111049944A CN113881513A CN 113881513 A CN113881513 A CN 113881513A CN 202111049944 A CN202111049944 A CN 202111049944A CN 113881513 A CN113881513 A CN 113881513A
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- detergent
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- complexing agent
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 title description 26
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 title description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940104256 sodium taurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2082—Polycarboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2096—Heterocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C11D3/364—Organic compounds containing phosphorus containing nitrogen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of detergents, and relates to a detergent for removing a nuclear power station reactor component and a using method thereof. The detergent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2-5% of organic acid, 0.1-5% of complexing agent, 5-15% of nonionic surfactant, 2-8% of anionic surfactant, 0.1-4% of thickening agent and 60-75% of water. The detergent for removing the dirt of the reactor component of the nuclear power station and the use method thereof can effectively remove the metal oxide deposited on the surface of the reactor component, particularly the reactor component injected with zinc, and do not damage a matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of detergents, and relates to a detergent for removing a nuclear power station reactor component and a using method thereof.
Background
The activated corrosion products deposited on the materials of the primary loop main process system of the reactor are the main inducement of the collective dosage of the nuclear power station, the corrosion action of the primary loop coolant on the materials generates corrosion products, and the stainless steel and the nickel-based alloy in the primary loop main process equipment generate more corrosion products than the zirconium alloy of the reactor core materials. The coolant carrying corrosion products into the core is deposited or activated, the majority of the activated products being58Co,58Co has a short half-life, so that after a few cycles, long-lived nuclides60Co becomes the dominant activation corrosionAnd (3) obtaining the product. Activated corrosion products are deposited on the material surfaces of the primary process equipment along with the coolant. The primary circuit zinc injection is adopted, so that the growth of PWSCC, an oxide film on the surface of a material and the release rate of corrosion products are well inhibited, and the physical and chemical characteristics of a primary circuit oxide film are changed. Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the material surface is formed into the form AB2O4The zinc ions can replace iron, cobalt, nickel and other ions in the spinel-structure inner layer, and under the condition of hydrogenation, an oxide film with small oxide particle size and tight combination is formed. Due to the requirement of radiation protection, during shutdown and overhaul of a nuclear power plant, parts disassembled from equipment overhaul of a part of a primary loop of the reactor need to be decontaminated to remove metal oxides deposited on the surface of the parts.
Chinese patent application CN 102899206 a describes a method for preparing a radionuclide detergent, the detergent being: organic acid, complexing agent, anionic surfactant, film forming additive, essence and water according to the following proportion: 2 to 5 percent, 5 to 10 percent, 4 to 5 percent and 65 to 80 percent. The detergent can quickly and efficiently remove stains, and is low in cost and simple and convenient to operate. However, the detergent is used by spraying manually, which is convenient to operate and avoids direct contact of human bodies, but is not suitable for reactor decontamination.
Chinese patent application CN 107418789 a describes a radioactive contamination detergent for nuclear facilities and a decontamination method, which uses a mixed solution of potassium permanganate and sodium hydroxide as a detergent for ultrasonic decontamination. The disadvantage of this detergent method is that potassium permanganate is reduced to manganese dioxide and adheres to the metal surface, and contaminating species that enter the solution are also prone to adsorption and deposition.
Chinese patent application CN 1988051A describes a radioactive contamination decontaminating agent for nuclear facilities and a decontamination method thereof, which uses nitric acid, (NH)4)2Ce(NO3)6The mixed liquid is used as a decontamination medium for ultrasonic decontamination, and the decontamination agent and the method can cause relative corrosion to materials.
The physical and chemical properties of the deposited metal oxide in the zinc injection reactor are obviously different from those of the deposited oxide in a common pressurized water reactor, and the existing radioactive pollution decontamination method is difficult to meet the requirements that the substrate is not damaged when the radioactive pollution deposited oxide of the part is decontaminated and the efficiency of removing the deposited oxide is more than 99 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detergent for decontamination of reactor parts of nuclear power plants, which can effectively remove metal oxides deposited on the surfaces of the reactor parts, particularly zinc-injection reactor parts, and does not damage a substrate.
To achieve this object, in a basic embodiment, the present invention provides a detergent for decontamination of a reactor part for a nuclear power plant, the detergent comprising, in mass%: 2-5% of organic acid, 0.1-5% of complexing agent, 5-15% of nonionic surfactant, 2-8% of anionic surfactant, 0.1-4% of thickening agent and 60-75% of water.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a detergent for decontamination of reactor parts of nuclear power plants, wherein the organic acid is selected from one or more of oxalic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid,
when the organic acid is oxalic acid, citric acid and ascorbic acid, the detergent contains 2-5% of the organic acid by mass percent;
when the organic acid is oxalic acid + citric acid, or oxalic acid + ascorbic acid, or citric acid + ascorbic acid, the detergent contains 3-4.5% of the organic acid by mass percent.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a detergent for decontamination of reactor parts of nuclear power plants, wherein the complexing agent is selected from one or more of phosphonate, amino carboxylate, hydroxy carboxylate,
when the complexing agent is phosphonate, the detergent contains 2-4% of the complexing agent according to the mass percentage;
when the complexing agent is aminocarboxylate and/or hydroxycarboxylic acid salt, the detergent contains 2.5-4.5% of the complexing agent by mass percent.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a detergent for decontamination of reactor parts of nuclear power plants, wherein the non-ionic surfactant is selected from one or more of polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene alkylamine.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a detergent for decontamination of reactor parts of nuclear power plants, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alpha-sulfo monocarboxylic acid ester, fatty acid sulfoalkyl ester.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a detergent for decontamination of reactor parts of a nuclear power plant, wherein the thickener is selected from sodium tripolyphosphate and/or trisodium phosphate carrageenan,
when the thickening agent is sodium tripolyphosphate, the detergent contains 1-3.5% of the thickening agent in percentage by mass;
when the thickening agent is trisodium phosphate carrageenan, the detergent contains 1.5-3% of the thickening agent according to mass percentage.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide a method of using the above-mentioned decontaminating agent, so as to remove the metal oxide deposited on the surface of the reactor component, especially the zinc-impregnated reactor component, with high efficiency and without damaging the substrate.
To achieve this object, in a basic embodiment, the present invention provides a method of using a detergent as described above, said method of using comprising the steps of:
(1) placing the disassembled part to be decontaminated containing the metal oxide in an ultrasonic cleaning tank;
(2) and mixing the decontaminating agent with water, adding the mixture into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the part to be decontaminated.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method for using the detergent as described above, wherein in the step (1), the part to be decontaminated is a part of a zinc-injection reactor.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method for using the detergent as described above, wherein in the step (2), the mixing volume ratio of the detergent to the water is 0.2 to 0.25.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method for using the detergent as described above, wherein in the step (2), the ultrasonic power density of the ultrasonic cleaning is 15 to 35W/cm2The ultrasonic frequency is 15-45KHz, the temperature is 50-80 deg.C, and the time is 4-10 h.
The detergent for decontaminating the reactor parts of the nuclear power station and the use method thereof have the advantages that the metal oxide deposited on the surfaces of the reactor parts, especially the zinc-injection reactor parts, can be efficiently removed without damaging a matrix.
The invention aims at the defects of the existing radioactive contamination metal oxide decontamination method, develops a decontaminating agent for nuclear power station reactor component decontamination and a using method thereof, has simple process and low cost, can remove the metal oxide deposited on the reactor component to the maximum extent on the premise of not damaging the matrix metal, has the removal rate of 99 percent, and effectively reduces the irradiation dose of operators.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1: detergent for decontamination of nuclear power plant reactor parts and use thereof
The specific formula of the detergent for decontamination of the reactor component of the nuclear power station prepared in the embodiment comprises the following components in mass percentage: 5% of oxalic acid, 4% of ethylene diamine tetra-methylene sodium phosphate, 5% of polyoxyethylene fatty acid, 8% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 75% of water.
The method of use of the above formulated detergent was as follows:
(1) placing the disassembled shearing cap of the explosion valve of the zinc injection reactor in an ultrasonic cleaning tank for fixing;
(2) mixing the detergent with water according to the proportion of 1: 4, adding the mixture into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and shearing a cap of the explosion valveCarrying out ultrasonic cleaning, wherein the specific ultrasonic cleaning conditions are as follows: ultrasonic power density of 20W/cm2Ultrasonic frequency is 15KHz, temperature is 80 ℃, and time is 4 h;
(3) and ultrasonic rinsing at 80 deg.c for 30min with deionized water.
The cleaned cutting cap of the explosion valve is wiped, sampled and measured, and the surface pollution level is from 200Bq/cm2Reduced to 1Bq/cm2The removal rate of the deposited metal oxide reaches 99.5 percent; the dose rate level was reduced from 4000. mu. Sv/h to 420. mu. Sv/h, at a reduction rate of 89.5%. This indicates that the effect of removing the metal oxide deposited on the surface is significant. 10000 times of the scanning electron microscope of the hanging piece after decontamination shows that the hanging piece has no intergranular corrosion and no damage to the matrix.
Example 2: detergent for removing dirt of reactor part of nuclear power station and its use (II)
The specific formula of the detergent for decontamination of the reactor component of the nuclear power station prepared in the embodiment comprises the following components in mass percentage: 3.5% of oxalic acid + citric acid, 3% of sodium citrate, 10% of polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, 5% of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 3.5% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 75% of water.
The method of use of the above formulated detergent was as follows:
(1) placing the disassembled safety valve of the pressure stabilizer of the zinc injection reactor in an ultrasonic cleaning tank for fixing;
(2) mixing the detergent with water according to the proportion of 1: 4, adding the mixed volume ratio into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the safety valve of the voltage stabilizer, wherein the specific ultrasonic cleaning conditions are as follows: ultrasonic power density of 30W/cm2Ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, temperature is 60 ℃, and time is 8 h;
(3) and ultrasonic rinsing with deionized water at 60 deg.c for 30 min.
The cleaned safety valve of the voltage stabilizer is wiped, sampled and measured, and the surface pollution level is from 800Bq/cm2Reduced to 2Bq/cm2The removal rate of the deposited metal oxide reaches 99.8 percent; the dose rate level was reduced from 3000. mu. Sv/h to 150. mu. Sv/h, with a reduction of 95%. This indicates that the effect of removing the metal oxide deposited on the surface is significant. 10000 times of the scanning electron microscope of the hanging piece after decontamination shows that the hanging piece has no intergranular corrosion and no damage to the matrix.
Example 3: detergent for removing dirt of reactor part of nuclear power station and its use
The specific formula of the detergent for decontamination of the reactor component of the nuclear power station prepared in the embodiment comprises the following components in mass percentage: 4.5 percent of oxalic acid and ascorbic acid, 4.5 percent of sodium tartrate, 15 percent of polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, 8 percent of N-oleoyl N-methyl sodium taurate, 3 percent of trisodium phosphate carrageenan and 65 percent of water.
The method of use of the above formulated detergent was as follows:
(1) placing the disassembled CVS (chemical vapor deposition) volume-supplementing water pump MP06 BARREL of the zinc injection reactor in an ultrasonic cleaning tank for fixing;
(2) mixing the detergent with water according to the proportion of 1: 4, adding the mixture into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on a CVS (chemical vapor deposition) volumetric water pump MP06 BARREL under the specific ultrasonic cleaning conditions: ultrasonic power density 35W/cm2Ultrasonic frequency is 45KHz, temperature is 50 ℃, and time is 10 h;
(3) and ultrasonic rinsing with deionized water at 50 deg.c for 30 min.
The cleaned CVS chemical water pump MP06 BARREL is wiped, sampled and measured, and the surface pollution level is from 900Bq/cm2Reduced to 2.5Bq/cm2The removal rate of the deposited metal oxide reaches 99.7 percent; the dose rate level was reduced from 3500. mu. Sv/h to 180. mu. Sv/h, with a reduction of 94.9%. This indicates that the effect of removing the metal oxide deposited on the surface is significant. 10000 times of the scanning electron microscope of the hanging piece after decontamination shows that the hanging piece has no intergranular corrosion and no damage to the matrix.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, which may be embodied in other specific forms or in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A detergent for removing a nuclear power station reactor component is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 2-5% of organic acid, 0.1-5% of complexing agent, 5-15% of nonionic surfactant, 2-8% of anionic surfactant, 0.1-4% of thickening agent and 60-75% of water.
2. The detergent according to claim 1, wherein: the organic acid is selected from one or more of oxalic acid, citric acid and ascorbic acid,
when the organic acid is oxalic acid, citric acid and ascorbic acid, the detergent contains 2-5% of the organic acid by mass percent;
when the organic acid is oxalic acid + citric acid, or oxalic acid + ascorbic acid, or citric acid + ascorbic acid, the detergent contains 3-4.5% of the organic acid by mass percent.
3. The detergent according to claim 1, wherein: the complexing agent is selected from one or more of phosphonate, amino carboxylate and hydroxyl carboxylate,
when the complexing agent is phosphonate, the detergent contains 2-4% of the complexing agent according to the mass percentage;
when the complexing agent is aminocarboxylate and/or hydroxycarboxylic acid salt, the detergent contains 2.5-4.5% of the complexing agent by mass percent.
4. The detergent according to claim 1, wherein: the nonionic surfactant is selected from one or more of fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester and polyoxyethylene alkylamine.
5. The detergent according to claim 1, wherein: the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alpha-sulfo monocarboxylic ester and fatty acid sulfoalkyl ester.
6. The detergent according to claim 1, wherein: the thickening agent is selected from sodium tripolyphosphate and/or trisodium phosphate carrageenan,
when the thickening agent is sodium tripolyphosphate, the detergent contains 1-3.5% of the thickening agent in percentage by mass;
when the thickening agent is trisodium phosphate carrageenan, the detergent contains 1.5-3% of the thickening agent according to mass percentage.
7. A method of using the detergent according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
(1) placing the disassembled part to be decontaminated containing the metal oxide in an ultrasonic cleaning tank;
(2) and mixing the decontaminating agent with water, adding the mixture into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the part to be decontaminated.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (1), the part to be decontaminated is a zinc injection reactor part.
9. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (2), the mixing volume ratio of the detergent to the water is 0.2-0.25.
10. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (2), the ultrasonic power density of the ultrasonic cleaning is 15-35W/cm2The ultrasonic frequency is 15-45KHz, the temperature is 50-80 deg.C, and the time is 4-10 h.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA1062590A (en) * | 1976-01-22 | 1979-09-18 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited | Reactor decontamination process |
| CN112662485A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-16 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Preparation method and use method of detergent for decontaminating nuclear power reactor components |
| CN112700900A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Method for cleaning radioactive deposition oxide of zinc injection reactor component |
| CN113105955A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-13 | 山东核电有限公司 | Decontamination formula and decontamination method for radioactive contamination deposited oxide of primary loop component of AP1000 reactor |
| US20210225544A1 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2021-07-22 | Framatome Gmbh | Method of decontaminating a metal surface in a nuclear power plant |
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2021
- 2021-09-08 CN CN202111049944.4A patent/CN113881513A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1062590A (en) * | 1976-01-22 | 1979-09-18 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited | Reactor decontamination process |
| US20210225544A1 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2021-07-22 | Framatome Gmbh | Method of decontaminating a metal surface in a nuclear power plant |
| CN112662485A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-16 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Preparation method and use method of detergent for decontaminating nuclear power reactor components |
| CN112700900A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Method for cleaning radioactive deposition oxide of zinc injection reactor component |
| CN113105955A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-13 | 山东核电有限公司 | Decontamination formula and decontamination method for radioactive contamination deposited oxide of primary loop component of AP1000 reactor |
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