CN113880354B - Process for sewage treatment under high altitude condition - Google Patents
Process for sewage treatment under high altitude condition Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sewage treatment process under high altitude condition, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and comprises the steps of firstly removing large-volume floaters of sewage, then separating the sewage from sludge by utilizing a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank, and delivering the sewage to different links for treatment; sewage enters a peristaltic bed biological filter through a heat exchanger, and flows into a solar heat collecting reactor after being treated by the peristaltic bed biological filter; the sewage is treated by the solar heat collecting reactor and then discharged up to the standard or flows back to the heat exchanger; the sludge and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor enter a sludge concentration tank for sedimentation and dehydration to obtain a sludge layer with higher concentration, and then the sludge layer is mechanically dehydrated and finally subjected to solar drying treatment. The invention can achieve excellent sewage treatment effect under special environment in the plateau area, and has high treatment efficiency, low power consumption and no secondary pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sewage treatment process under high altitude conditions, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment.
Background
With rapid development of population and socioeconomic in plateau areas, the sewage generation amount is rapidly increased, and the sewage cannot be treated by natural environment and can only be treated by a sewage treatment device. However, the mountain areas of the high altitude areas of the highland are more, the geographical positions are more remote, and partial areas are difficult to use electricity, while the traditional sewage treatment has larger occupied area, high construction cost, higher electricity consumption, more complex process and troublesome operation and management. Meanwhile, the low-temperature, low-pressure and anoxic environments caused by the special positions in the high-altitude areas lead to low treatment efficiency, long treatment time and quite unsatisfactory effects of the traditional sewage treatment under the environments, and the operation and management professionals of sewage treatment facilities are in shortage.
At present, the traditional water pollution treatment method is suitable for plain areas, and due to the restriction of geographical environment factors, more problems about the sewage treatment of the high altitude areas of the plateau are not solved, and it is necessary to focus on the characteristics of the high altitude environments of the plateau to refine and adapt to the actual sewage treatment technology of the high altitude environments of the plateau.
The invention discloses a method for treating sewage in a highland and alpine region, which is disclosed in Chinese invention patent with publication number of CN1789179A and comprises a materialization step, a biological step and an ecological step, wherein the materialization step is to collect sewage to mix in an adjusting tank, introduce the sewage after adjusting and mixing into an aeration stripping tank, add alkali into the tank to control pH value, and carry out aeration stripping of ammonia nitrogen, in the biological step, the sewage sequentially passes through an SBR reaction tank, a carrier bioreactor, a flocculation air floatation tank, an MBR membrane-bioreactor and a biological activated carbon decoloring device, and finally enters an ecological step, and the ecological step adopts artificial ecological wetland.
The bacterial colony in the carrier bioreactor in the above reference example can achieve good sewage treatment effect by suitable growth and domestication in severe winter in the highland alpine regions, has poor applicability, high cost and long period, is unrealistic for large-scale use in the economic conditions of the highland regions, and therefore, needs to be improved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the existing sewage treatment method is not suitable for the sewage treatment of high altitude areas, high altitude areas and the like, the invention designs a sewage treatment process under the high altitude conditions, which can achieve excellent sewage treatment effect under the special environment of the high altitude areas, and has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, low power consumption and no secondary pollution.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a sewage treatment process under high altitude condition comprises the following steps:
s1: removing large-volume floaters in the sewage manually or through a mechanical grid;
s2: pumping the sewage obtained in the step S1 into a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank, separating suspended solid particles and colloid particles from the sewage under the action of centrifugal force, and distributing sediment and the sewage to different treatment links;
s3: the sewage obtained in the step S2 enters an aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter after passing through a heat exchanger, and organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are degraded by microorganisms in the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter;
s4: the effluent of the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter in the step S3 flows to a solar heat collecting reactor, the solar heat collecting reactor adopts a vertical upper and lower double-layer structure, the upper layer adopts PE inclined tube biological filler to collect microalgae microorganisms, and the pipe diameter of the PE inclined tube biological filler is 50-80mm; the lower layer is a high-efficiency community area which adopts polyurethane biological filler to gather bacterial microorganisms, the polyurethane biological filler accounts for 15-30% of the total volume of the solar heat accumulating reactor, and the filler density is 20-60kg/m 3 The porosity is 30-90%, the nutrient substances in the sewage are removed by using bacteria microorganisms, and the carbon emission in the sewage treatment process is reduced by using microalgae microorganisms; the PE inclined tube biological filler and the polyurethane biological filler are arranged in a honeycomb shape, and the inside of the honeycomb-shaped polyurethane biological filler is also filled with 1-60 meshes of activated carbon, diatomite, volcanic rock or modified zeolite; the effluent purified by the solar heat collecting reactor is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard; if the wastewater is recycled, the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor flows back to the heat exchanger, and the heat in the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor heats the wastewater discharged from the cyclone reaction precipitation tank through the heat exchanger and then enters the peristaltic bed biological filter;
s5: the primary precipitated sludge obtained by the treatment of the cyclone reaction precipitation tank in the step S2 and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor in the step S4 are both fed into a sludge concentration tank for dehydration, and finally a sludge layer with higher concentration is obtained at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank, and the sludge layer is collected in the center of the sludge concentration tank and discharged from a discharge pipe;
s6: and (5) mechanically dehydrating the sludge layer discharged from the sludge concentration tank in the step (S5) so as to facilitate subsequent recycling.
S7: and (3) performing solar drying treatment on the dehydrated sludge layer in the step (S6) to reduce the water content to below 40%, and using the sludge layer as mine restoration and soil restoration.
Further, the solar drying in step S7 specifically includes:
s71: raw material preparation: adding a conditioner and a mesophilic aerobic biological agent which can oxidize and decompose the sludge into a sludge layer after mechanical dehydration, and blending the water content of a sludge mixture to 65-85%;
s72: solar energy biological strengthening treatment: stacking the prepared sludge mixture into rectangular strip stacks with the height of 50-100cm in a Gao Wenpo glue area of a solar panel house;
s73: crushing and screening: the turner turns the sludge mixture in rectangular strip piles every day at regular time, after the mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria breeds and damages the colloid of the sludge mixture, the turner rakes the sludge mixture into a solar dehydration drying area, the sludge mixture is paved into a sludge layer with the height of 10-15cm, and finally the water content of the sludge layer is regulated and reduced to 30-40%.
Further, in the step S4, the peristaltic bed biological filter is in a 2-6-section multistage reaction tank series structure.
Further, the conditioning agent is bran, sawdust or a combination of the two.
Further, in step S5, the clear water at the upper part of the sludge concentration tank flows back to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment, and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
Further, in step S6, the dewatered effluent of the sludge layer flows to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment, and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the vertical upper and lower double-layer solar heat collecting reactors, microalgae microorganisms are arranged on the upper layer of the solar heat collecting reactor, bacterial microorganisms are arranged on the lower layer of the solar heat collecting reactor, pollutants with complex components in sewage are treated by the bacterial microorganisms, and meanwhile, carbon dioxide generated in the decomposition process is absorbed and utilized by the microalgae microorganisms on the upper layer, so that the division cooperation among different groups of microorganisms is realized, the explanation and removal of the pollutants are completed, the function of reducing carbon emission is realized, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized; meanwhile, the high-temperature water purified by the solar heat collecting reactor flows back into the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the sewage flowing out of the cyclone reaction precipitation tank can be increased under the action of the heat exchanger, the problems of low air temperature and difficult temperature rise in a plateau area are solved, an additional electric power device is not required to be arranged for temperature rise, the sewage purification cost is greatly reduced, and the sewage purification efficiency is improved; the arrangement of the vertical solar heat collecting reactor with the upper layer and the lower layer greatly reduces the occupied area of the device and solves the problem of small available area in the plateau area.
2. The solar heat accumulating reactor adopts honeycomb PE inclined tube biological filler and honeycomb polyurethane biological filler, and porous materials (activated carbon, diatomite, volcanic rock or modified zeolite) are filled in the polyurethane biological filler, so that various types of bacterial microorganisms can be conveniently attached, propagated and grown, the biomass of unit area is effectively improved, a biological film is conveniently formed, dominant strains are not easy to run off, the effect of sewage treatment is greatly improved by decomposing pollutants of complex components in sewage through the biological film, the cost is low, the popularization is suitable, and meanwhile, the trace pollutant removal can be realized due to enrichment of long mud age microorganisms.
3. According to the invention, the treated sludge layer is subjected to solar drying treatment, bran and sawdust or a conditioner mixed by the bran and the sawdust are added into the mechanically dehydrated sludge layer, then a mesophilic aerobic biological agent is added, the sludge layer is stably heated, dehydration is facilitated, meanwhile, the decomposition effect of microorganisms can destroy and destabilize colloid of the sludge mixture, evaporation of water is facilitated, the water content is reduced, then the mixed sludge layer is stacked into rectangular strip piles to prevent the mixture from being placed in a solar panel house, the effect of solar energy is fully utilized for heating and heat preservation, sludge dehydration is promoted, the water content is further reduced, finally, a turner is utilized for turning, the turner can break large-particle sludge, meanwhile, the sludge can be turned, the sludge on the upper side and the lower side is turned, and finally the water is adjusted to a required proportion; the solar drying treatment is beneficial to the subsequent recycling of the sludge, the advantages of large day and night temperature difference, strong sunlight and abundant solar energy in the alpine region of the plateau are utilized to treat the sludge, the energy consumption in the sludge treatment process is greatly reduced, and the method is pollution-free, simple and easy to operate.
4. The invention fully utilizes the advantages of large day-night temperature difference, strong sunlight and abundant solar energy in the highland alpine regions, utilizes solar energy to carry out sewage treatment and sludge solar energy drying, realizes low-energy consumption, low-cost and high-efficiency sewage purification and sludge treatment, simplifies the sewage treatment technology, is convenient to popularize, has modularized design of process equipment, has the advantages of high oxygenation efficiency, stable operation, land occupation saving, simplicity, easiness in operation, short construction period and the like, and is applicable to engineering; the design of the 2-6-section multistage aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter is a multi-section A/O biochemical reaction unit, so that the removal rate of the system to organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the resources are saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a process for sewage treatment under high altitude conditions comprises the following steps:
s1: removing large-volume floaters in the sewage manually or through a mechanical grid;
s2: pumping the sewage obtained in the step S1 into a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank, separating suspended solid particles and colloid particles from the sewage under the action of centrifugal force, and distributing sediment and the sewage to different treatment links;
s3: the sewage obtained in the step S2 is subjected to the action of a heat exchanger, the water temperature is increased by 5-12 ℃, then enters an aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter, and organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen (CODcr, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and the like are removed) in the sewage through aerobic microorganisms and anoxic microorganisms in the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter;
s4: the effluent of the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter in the step S3 flows to a solar heat collecting reactor, the solar heat collecting reactor adopts a bacteria-algae symbiotic system, and sewage is purified by utilizing the synergistic effect of two microorganisms of microalgae and bacteria on physiological functions, and the sewage is fineThe fungus microorganisms can effectively remove organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances in the sewage with low energy consumption, and meanwhile, the microalgae microorganisms reduce carbon emission in the sewage treatment process, and effluent purified by the solar heat accumulating reactor reaches the standard for emission or recycling; the solar heat collecting reactor adopts a vertical up-down double-layer structure, so that the construction land in the plateau area is less, and the floor area can be effectively reduced by adopting a vertical up-down double-layer design, so that the device is more suitable for the plateau area; the upper layer of the solar heat collecting reactor is a honeycomb PE inclined tube biological filler for collecting microalgae microorganisms, and the pipe diameter of the PE inclined tube biological filler is 50-80mm, so that the aim of setting is to ensure the specific surface area and simultaneously prevent the growth and blockage of the microalgae microorganisms; the lower layer is a high-efficiency community area, and cellular polyurethane biological filler is adopted to gather bacterial microorganisms; the polyurethane biological filler accounts for 15-30% of the total volume of the solar heat collecting reactor, and the filler density is 20-60kg/m 3 The porosity is 30-90%, porous materials such as activated carbon, diatomite, volcanic rock or modified zeolite with 1-60 meshes are filled in the porous materials, so that various bacterial microorganisms can be conveniently attached and fixed, the propagation and growth of the bacterial microorganisms are facilitated, the concentration of the bacterial microorganisms is improved, a biological film is further formed, pollutants with complex components in sewage are decomposed through the biological film, and the removal efficiency of the total pollutants is improved; the effluent purified by the solar heat collecting reactor is discharged or recycled after reaching standards, the recycled effluent flows back to the heat exchanger, the sewage discharged from the cyclone reaction settling tank is heated to 5-12 ℃ by the heat exchanger and then enters the peristaltic bed biological filter, the heat of the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor is used for increasing the temperature of sewage raw water by the heat exchanger, the heat is not required to be additionally increased by using electric energy or other energy sources, the clean energy solar energy is directly utilized and the temperature is increased by the solar heat collecting reactor, the problem of low water temperature reaction efficiency in a plateau area is solved, and the reaction efficiency of the peristaltic bed biological filter and the solar heat collecting reactor is greatly improved;
the solar heat accumulating reactor adopts a vertical upper and lower double-layer structure, the upper layer is enriched with microalgae microorganisms, carbon dioxide generated by sewage treatment by lower layer bacteria microorganisms is absorbed and utilized by the upper layer microalgae microorganisms, and the division cooperation of microorganisms of different populations is realized, so that the degradation and removal of pollutants are completed, the carbon emission problem of the traditional method is overcome, the biomass of unit area is effectively improved by adopting PE inclined tube biological filler and honeycomb polyurethane biological filler, dominant strains are not easy to run off, the sewage treatment effect is good, the cost is low, the popularization is suitable, and meanwhile, the trace pollutant removal can be realized due to enrichment of long-mud microorganisms.
S5: the primary sediment sludge obtained by the treatment of the cyclone reaction sedimentation tank in the step S2 and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor in the step S4 are both fed into a sludge concentration tank, the mixed sediment after mixing is subjected to free sedimentation in the sludge concentration tank under the action of self gravity, and the mixed sediment precipitated at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank is extruded between the upper part and the lower part of the mixed sediment so as to be further dehydrated, and finally a sludge layer with higher concentration is obtained at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank, and the sludge layer is collected at the center of the sludge concentration tank and discharged from a discharge pipe; the clear water at the upper part of the sludge concentration tank flows back to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment;
s6: carrying out mechanical dehydration treatment on the sludge layer obtained by discharging the sludge from the sludge concentration tank in the step S5, so that the subsequent recycling is facilitated; the water discharged from the sludge layer flows to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
S7: and (3) performing solar drying treatment on the dehydrated sludge layer in the step (S6) to reduce the water content to below 40%, and using the sludge layer as mine restoration and soil restoration.
Further, the solar drying in step S7 specifically includes:
s71: raw material preparation: adding a conditioner and a mesophilic aerobic biological agent which can oxidize and decompose the sludge into a sludge layer after mechanical dehydration, and then blending the water content of the sludge mixture to 65-85%, wherein the mesophilic aerobic biological agent can stably raise the temperature of the sludge mixture to above 95 ℃, the sludge mixture is dehydrated through thermal evaporation, and meanwhile, the colloid of the sludge mixture is destroyed and destabilized through the decomposition of microorganisms, so that the water evaporation is facilitated, and the water content is reduced;
s72: solar energy biological strengthening treatment: stacking the prepared sludge mixture into rectangular strip stacks with the height of 50-100cm in a Gao Wenpo glue area of a solar panel house, wherein the solar panel house has the functions of heating and preserving heat, and promoting the dehydration of the sludge so as to further reduce the water content in the sludge;
s73: crushing and screening: the turner turns the sludge mixture in rectangular strip piles every day at regular time, after mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria propagate to destroy the colloid of the sludge mixture, the turner rakes the sludge mixture into a solar dehydration drying area, the sludge mixture is paved into a sludge layer with the height of 10-15cm, and finally the water content of the sludge layer is adjusted and reduced to 30-40%; crushing and screening are to crush large-particle sludge through rake teeth of a turner, so as to promote evaporation of water, and meanwhile, the lower-layer sludge is turned to the upper layer, so that evaporation of water is further promoted;
solar energy on the plateau is an important inexhaustible clean energy source, is an important energy source supplement for sewage treatment and sludge treatment, and is low in cost by fully utilizing solar energy to treat sewage and sludge through the arrangement of the step S4 and the step S7, is suitable for the plateau cold zone areas with high altitude, high cold, low oxygen, large day-night temperature difference, strong sunlight, low air pressure and low temperature, and realizes sewage treatment at lower cost, so that the treated sewage meets the environmental protection requirements of national or regional planning, and the sludge is subjected to solar drying treatment, thereby facilitating the subsequent recycling utilization of the sludge.
Further, in the step S3, the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter is of a 2-6-section multistage reaction tank series structure, so that short-distance nitrification and denitrification under the condition of micro dissolved oxygen, and aerobic degradation and hydrolytic digestion degradation of organic pollutants are conveniently realized, the efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the energy consumption and the carbon emission are reduced.
Further, the conditioning agent is bran, sawdust or a combination of the two.
Example 1
The sewage treatment process under the high altitude condition of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: removing large-volume floaters in the sewage manually or through a mechanical grid;
s2: pumping the sewage obtained in the step S1 into a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank, separating suspended solid particles and colloid particles from the sewage under the action of centrifugal force, and distributing sediment and the sewage to different treatment links;
s3: the sewage obtained in the step S2 enters an aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter with 4 sections of reaction tanks connected in series after passing through a heat exchanger, and organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are degraded by microorganisms in the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter;
s4: the effluent of the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter in the step S3 flows to a solar heat collecting reactor, the solar heat collecting reactor adopts a vertical upper and lower double-layer structure, the upper layer adopts honeycomb PE inclined tube biological filler to collect microalgae microorganisms, and the pipe diameter of the PE inclined tube biological filler is 65mm; the lower layer is a high-efficiency community area, cellular polyurethane biological filler is adopted to gather bacterial microorganisms, the polyurethane biological filler accounts for 25 percent of the total volume of the solar heat accumulating reactor, and the filler density is 40kg/m 3 The porosity is 60%, and the inside of the polyurethane biological filler is also filled with 30 meshes of activated carbon, diatomite, volcanic rock or modified zeolite; removing nutrients in the sewage by using bacterial microorganisms, and reducing carbon emission in the sewage treatment process by using microalgae microorganisms; the effluent purified by the solar heat collecting reactor is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard; if the waste water is recycled, the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor flows back to the heat exchanger, and the heat in the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor heats the sewage discharged from the cyclone reaction precipitation tank by 5-12 ℃ under the action of the heat exchanger and then enters the peristaltic bed biological filter;
s5: the primary precipitated sludge obtained by the treatment of the cyclone reaction precipitation tank in the step S2 and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor in the step S4 are both fed into a sludge concentration tank for dehydration, and finally a sludge layer with higher concentration is obtained at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank, and the sludge layer is collected in the center of the sludge concentration tank and discharged from a discharge pipe; clear water at the upper part of the sludge concentration tank flows back to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
S6: carrying out mechanical dehydration treatment on the sludge layer obtained by discharging the sludge from the sludge concentration tank in the step S5, so that the subsequent recycling is facilitated; the water discharged from the sludge layer flows to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
S7: and (3) performing solar drying treatment on the sludge layer dehydrated in the step (S6), wherein the solar drying specifically comprises the following steps:
s71: raw material preparation: adding bran and mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria capable of carrying out oxidative decomposition on sludge into a sludge layer after mechanical dehydration, and blending the water content of a sludge mixture to 65-85%;
s72: solar energy biological strengthening treatment: stacking the prepared sludge mixture into rectangular strip stacks with the height of 70cm in a Gao Wenpo glue area of a solar panel house;
s73: crushing and screening: the turner turns the sludge mixture in rectangular strip piles every day at regular time, after mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria propagate to destroy the colloid of the sludge mixture, the turner rakes the sludge mixture into a solar dehydration drying area, the sludge mixture is paved into a sludge layer with the height of 13cm, and finally the water content of the sludge layer is regulated and reduced to be below 35% for mine restoration and soil restoration.
Example two
The sewage treatment process under the high altitude condition of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: removing large-volume floaters in the sewage manually or through a mechanical grid;
s2: pumping the sewage obtained in the step S1 into a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank, separating suspended solid particles and colloid particles from the sewage under the action of centrifugal force, and distributing sediment and the sewage to different treatment links;
s3: the sewage obtained in the step S2 enters an aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter with 2 sections of reaction tanks connected in series after passing through a heat exchanger, and organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are degraded by microorganisms in the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter;
s4: the effluent of the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter in the step S3 flows to solar energyThe solar energy heat collecting reactor adopts a vertical upper and lower double-layer structure, the upper layer adopts honeycomb PE inclined tube biological filler to collect microalgae microorganisms, and the pipe diameter of the PE inclined tube biological filler is 50mm; the lower layer is a high-efficiency community area, cellular polyurethane biological filler is adopted to gather bacterial microorganisms, the polyurethane biological filler accounts for 15 percent of the total volume of the solar heat accumulating reactor, and the filler density is 20kg/m 3 The porosity is 30%, and 1-mesh activated carbon, diatomite, volcanic rock or modified zeolite is also filled in the polyurethane biological filler; removing nutrients in the sewage by using bacterial microorganisms, and reducing carbon emission in the sewage treatment process by using microalgae microorganisms; the effluent purified by the solar heat collecting reactor is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard; if the waste water is recycled, the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor flows back to the heat exchanger, and the heat in the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor heats the sewage discharged from the cyclone reaction precipitation tank by 5-12 ℃ under the action of the heat exchanger and then enters the peristaltic bed biological filter;
s5: the primary precipitated sludge obtained by the treatment of the cyclone reaction precipitation tank in the step S2 and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor in the step S4 are both fed into a sludge concentration tank for dehydration, and finally a sludge layer with higher concentration is obtained at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank, and the sludge layer is collected in the center of the sludge concentration tank and discharged from a discharge pipe; clear water at the upper part of the sludge concentration tank flows back to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
S6: carrying out mechanical dehydration treatment on the sludge layer obtained by discharging the sludge from the sludge concentration tank in the step S5, so that the subsequent recycling is facilitated; the water discharged from the sludge layer flows to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
S7: and (3) performing solar drying treatment on the sludge layer dehydrated in the step (S6), wherein the solar drying specifically comprises the following steps:
s71: raw material preparation: adding sawdust and mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria capable of oxidizing and decomposing sludge into a sludge layer after mechanical dehydration, and blending the water content of a sludge mixture to 65-85%;
s72: solar energy biological strengthening treatment: stacking the prepared sludge mixture into rectangular strip stacks with the height of 50cm in a Gao Wenpo glue area of a solar panel house;
s73: crushing and screening: the turner turns the sludge mixture in rectangular strip piles every day at regular time, after mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria propagate to destroy the colloid of the sludge mixture, the turner rakes the sludge mixture into a solar dehydration drying area, the sludge mixture is paved into a sludge layer with the height of 10cm, and finally the water content of the sludge layer is regulated and reduced to below 40% for mine restoration and soil restoration.
Example III
S1: removing large-volume floaters in the sewage manually or through a mechanical grid;
s2: pumping the sewage obtained in the step S1 into a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank, separating suspended solid particles and colloid particles from the sewage under the action of centrifugal force, and distributing sediment and the sewage to different treatment links;
s3: the sewage obtained in the step S2 enters an aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter with 6 sections of reaction tanks connected in series after passing through a heat exchanger, and organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are degraded by microorganisms in the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter;
s4: the effluent of the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter in the step S3 flows to a solar heat collecting reactor, the solar heat collecting reactor adopts a vertical upper and lower double-layer structure, the upper layer adopts honeycomb PE inclined tube biological filler to collect microalgae microorganisms, and the pipe diameter of the PE inclined tube biological filler is 80mm; the lower layer is a high-efficiency community area, cellular polyurethane biological filler is adopted to gather bacterial microorganisms, the polyurethane biological filler accounts for 30 percent of the total volume of the solar heat accumulating reactor, and the filler density is 60kg/m 3 The porosity is 90%, and 60-mesh activated carbon, diatomite, volcanic rock or modified zeolite is also filled in the polyurethane biological filler; removing nutrients in the sewage by using bacterial microorganisms, and reducing carbon emission in the sewage treatment process by using microalgae microorganisms; the effluent purified by the solar heat collecting reactor is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard; if the water is recycled, the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor flows back to the heat exchanger, and the solar heat collecting reaction is carried outThe heat in the effluent of the device heats the sewage discharged from the cyclone reaction precipitation tank by 5-12 ℃ under the action of a heat exchanger, and then enters a peristaltic bed biological filter;
s5: the primary precipitated sludge obtained by the treatment of the cyclone reaction precipitation tank in the step S2 and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor in the step S4 are both fed into a sludge concentration tank for dehydration, and finally a sludge layer with higher concentration is obtained at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank, and the sludge layer is collected in the center of the sludge concentration tank and discharged from a discharge pipe; clear water at the upper part of the sludge concentration tank flows back to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
S6: carrying out mechanical dehydration treatment on the sludge layer obtained by discharging the sludge from the sludge concentration tank in the step S5, so that the subsequent recycling is facilitated; the water discharged from the sludge layer flows to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
S7: and (3) performing solar drying treatment on the sludge layer dehydrated in the step (S6), wherein the solar drying specifically comprises the following steps:
s71: raw material preparation: adding a mixture of bran and sawdust into the mechanically dehydrated sludge layer, mixing with a mesophilic aerobic biological agent capable of carrying out oxidative decomposition on the sludge, and blending the water content of the sludge mixture to 65-85%;
s72: solar energy biological strengthening treatment: stacking the prepared sludge mixture into rectangular strip stacks with the height of 100cm in a Gao Wenpo glue area of a solar panel house;
s73: crushing and screening: the turner turns the sludge mixture in rectangular strip piles every day at regular time, after mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria propagate to destroy the colloid of the sludge mixture, the turner rakes the sludge mixture into a solar dehydration drying area, the sludge mixture is paved into a sludge layer with the height of 15cm, and finally the water content of the sludge layer is regulated and reduced to be below 30 percent for mine restoration and soil restoration.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, large-volume floaters of sewage are firstly removed through a grid or directly and manually, then the sewage and the sludge are separated by utilizing a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank and are distributed to different links for treatment, so that the working efficiency is improved, and the sludge and the sewage are purified without interference; the sewage enters a peristaltic bed biological filter through a heat exchanger, organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are degraded by aerobic-anoxic microorganisms in the peristaltic bed biological filter, and then flow into a solar heat accumulating reactor, bacterial microorganisms at the lower layer of the solar heat accumulating reactor remove organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances in the sewage, and microalgae microorganisms at the upper layer of the solar heat accumulating reactor absorb carbon dioxide generated by sewage purification at the lower layer, so that carbon emission is reduced; the sewage is treated by the solar heat collecting reactor and then discharged up to standard or flows back to the heat exchanger, and the temperature of the up to standard water treated by the solar heat collecting reactor is higher, so that the temperature of the sewage which is discharged from the cyclone reaction precipitation tank and then enters the peristaltic bed biological filter tank can be increased by the action of the heat exchanger, the problems of difficult temperature rising and low reaction efficiency in a plateau area are solved, and the sewage is low in cost and pollution-free due to the use of clean energy solar energy, is suitable for low-temperature areas, and is beneficial to ensuring the removal efficiency of pollutants such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and the like; the sludge and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor are all fed into a sludge concentration tank for sedimentation and dehydration, so that a sludge layer with higher concentration is obtained, then the sludge layer is mechanically dehydrated, and finally solar drying treatment is carried out, so that the sludge layer can be used for mine restoration or soil restoration, and the sludge in sewage treatment is fully utilized.
It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A process for sewage treatment under high altitude conditions is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: removing large-volume floaters in the sewage manually or through a mechanical grid;
s2: pumping the sewage obtained in the step S1 into a cyclone reaction sedimentation tank, separating suspended solid particles and colloid particles from the sewage under the action of centrifugal force, and distributing sediment and the sewage to different treatment links;
s3: the sewage obtained in the step S2 enters an aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter after passing through a heat exchanger, and organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage are degraded by microorganisms in the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter;
s4: the effluent of the aerobic-anoxic peristaltic bed biological filter in the step S3 flows to a solar heat collecting reactor, the solar heat collecting reactor adopts a vertical upper and lower double-layer structure, the upper layer adopts PE inclined tube biological filler to collect microalgae microorganisms, and the pipe diameter of the PE inclined tube biological filler is 50-80mm; the lower layer is a high-efficiency community area, bacterial microorganisms are gathered by adopting polyurethane biological filler, the polyurethane biological filler accounts for 15-30% of the total volume of the solar heat accumulating reactor, the filler density is 20-60kg/m, the porosity is 30-90%, the bacterial microorganisms are utilized to remove nutrient substances in sewage, and the microalgae microorganisms are utilized to reduce carbon emission in the sewage treatment process; the PE inclined tube biological filler and the polyurethane biological filler are arranged in a honeycomb shape, and the inside of the honeycomb-shaped polyurethane biological filler is also filled with 1-60 meshes of activated carbon, diatomite, volcanic rock or modified zeolite; the effluent purified by the solar heat collecting reactor is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard; if the wastewater is recycled, the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor flows back to the heat exchanger, and the heat in the effluent of the solar heat collecting reactor heats the wastewater discharged from the cyclone reaction precipitation tank through the heat exchanger and then enters the peristaltic bed biological filter;
s5: the primary precipitated sludge obtained by the treatment of the cyclone reaction precipitation tank in the step S2 and the biological film removed by the solar heat accumulating reactor in the step S4 are both fed into a sludge concentration tank for dehydration, and finally a sludge layer with higher concentration is obtained at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank, and the sludge layer is collected in the center of the sludge concentration tank and discharged from a discharge pipe;
s6: carrying out mechanical dehydration treatment on the sludge layer obtained by discharging the sludge from the sludge concentration tank in the step S5, so that the subsequent recycling is facilitated;
s7: carrying out solar energy drying treatment on the dehydrated sludge layer in the step S6, so that the water content is reduced to below 40%, and then, the sludge layer is used for mine restoration and soil restoration;
the solar drying in step S7 specifically comprises the following steps:
s71: raw material preparation: adding a conditioner and a mesophilic aerobic biological agent which can oxidize and decompose the sludge into a sludge layer after mechanical dehydration, and blending the water content of a sludge mixture to 65-85%;
s72: solar energy biological strengthening treatment: stacking the prepared sludge mixture into rectangular strip stacks with the height of 50-100cm in a Gao Wenpo glue area of a solar panel house;
s73: crushing and screening: the turner turns the sludge mixture in rectangular strip piles every day at regular time, after mesophilic aerobic biological bacteria propagate to destroy the colloid of the sludge mixture, the turner rakes the sludge mixture into a solar dehydration drying area, the sludge mixture is paved into a sludge layer with the height of 10-15cm, and finally the water content of the sludge layer is adjusted and reduced to 30-40%;
in the step S4, the peristaltic bed biological filter is in a 2-6-section multistage reaction tank series structure.
2. A process for sewage treatment under high altitude conditions according to claim 1, wherein: the conditioning agent is bran, sawdust or a combination of the bran and the sawdust.
3. A process for sewage treatment under high altitude conditions according to claim 1, wherein: in step S5, clear water at the upper part of the sludge concentration tank flows back to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
4. A process for sewage treatment under high altitude conditions according to claim 1, wherein: in step S6, the sludge layer dewatering effluent flows to the water inlet end of the sewage treatment and enters the sewage treatment flow for treatment.
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