CN113880179B - Chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113880179B
CN113880179B CN202111023902.3A CN202111023902A CN113880179B CN 113880179 B CN113880179 B CN 113880179B CN 202111023902 A CN202111023902 A CN 202111023902A CN 113880179 B CN113880179 B CN 113880179B
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quartz sand
chitosan
solution
prb
iron ion
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CN113880179A (en
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高健磊
王宇
王迎春
陈志军
闫怡新
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Zhengzhou University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/70Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C02F2101/22Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06Contaminated groundwater or leachate

Abstract

The invention discloses a chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein quartz sand is used as a base material, chitosan is coated on the surface of quartz sand, divalent iron ions are adsorbed on the surface of the coated quartz sand, a layer of irregular fold-shaped substances is formed on the surface of the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, a Fourier infrared spectrometer scans and analyzes the composite PRB material, the composite PRB material has an absorption peak with superimposed telescopic vibration peaks of-OH and N-H at 3435cm < -1 >, a C=C telescopic vibration peak corresponding to 1625cm < -1 >, and an amino (-NH 2) deformation absorption peak at 1519cm < -1 >. According to the invention, chitosan is used as a basic organic matter, cheap and easily available quartz sand is selected as a support, and the organic mixture is coated on the quartz sand, so that the coating material taking the quartz sand as a base material is prepared, the dispersibility of the material is enhanced, the utilization efficiency is improved, the service life is prolonged, and the good effect of removing hexavalent chromium in groundwater is realized.

Description

Chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The underground water system is an essential component of an ecological system, rapid industrialized development, urban expansion and agricultural production progress lead to various threats of water resources such as heavy metal insecticide organic pollutants and the like, and has great responsibility for health and survival problems of human beings and other organisms. The chromium pollution degree in the heavy metal pollution of the water body is inferior to that of lead, and the chromium pollution is mainly derived from daily production and living of people. The high-utilization underground water system of chromium in the industrial production process is an essential component of an ecological system, rapid industrialized development, urban expansion and improvement of agricultural production lead to various threats of water resources such as heavy metal insecticide organic pollutants and the like, and have great responsibility for health and survival problems of human beings and other organisms. The chromium pollution degree in the heavy metal pollution of the water body is inferior to that of lead, and the chromium pollution is mainly derived from daily production and living of people. Chromium is utilized in industrial processes, for example, in the leather industry, a large amount of synthetic tanning agents containing chromium are used, but the utilization rate of chromium is very low (60% -70%), and the residual chromium-containing waste liquid is discharged along with normal sewage, so that the industrial waste water discharge is one of important sources causing chromium pollution.
Osmotic reaction walls (PRBs) are an important repair technique in groundwater pollution treatment. After the setting of the PRB in the underground water body is completed, no additional treatment is needed, pollutants can be captured by the medium materials in the PRB wall body along with the natural flow of the underground water body, when the pollutant removing capacity of the medium materials reaches the upper limit or the conditions such as deposition, blockage and the like exist, the medium materials can be taken out from the PRB wall body for replacement and regeneration, or the PRB can be built by site selection again according to actual conditions, so that unnecessary cost expenditure or other problems caused by the replacement of the materials are avoided. Therefore, the dielectric material of the PRB must have high permeability, so that the polluted groundwater passes through the reaction wall more easily, and little disturbance is generated to the natural water body, and the raw materials must be cheap and easily available due to the huge usage of the dielectric material of the PRB.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to coat chitosan with rich functional groups on the surface of quartz sand serving as a base material, increase the types and the quantity of the functional groups utilized and increase adsorption sites of the quartz sand so as to improve the adsorption effect of the quartz sand on hexavalent chromium, reduce the consumption of chitosan and reduce the cost, and obtain the reactive permeable wall material with low cost. In order to further increase the adsorption performance of the material, ferrous ions are adsorbed on the surface of the coated quartz sand, and hexavalent chromium is removed by utilizing the reduction performance of the ferrous ions.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is prepared by using quartz sand as a base material, coating chitosan on the surface of the quartz sand, adsorbing ferrous ions on the surface of the coated quartz sand, preparing a chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, forming a layer of irregular fold-shaped substance on the surface of the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material, scanning and analyzing the composite PRB material by a Fourier infrared spectrometer, wherein the 3435cm < -1 > has an absorption peak in which stretching vibration peaks of-OH and N < -H > are overlapped, the C=C stretching vibration peak corresponding to 1625cm < -1 > and the amino (-NH 2) deformation absorption peak at the 1519cm < -1 >.
The preparation method of the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 0.1-0.2g of chitosan at room temperature, adding into 10mL of 2% acetic acid, and stirring until chitosan is completely dissolved into yellowish transparent solution;
(2) Weighing 0.4g of quartz sand under the condition of continuous stirring, mixing the quartz sand into the completely dissolved solution (1), stirring the mixture for 60min, and adding 0.2mL of acrylic acid;
(3) Then stirring for 60min, and adding 0.2mL of epichlorohydrin into the solution (2);
(4) When the reaction is carried out for 400min, 1mL of 1% sodium tripolyphosphate solution is dropwise added into the solution (3) under the condition of stirring, 2mol/LNaOH solution is dropwise added, the mixed solution is coagulated into chitosan mixed gel from paste, and the rest solution is clear and transparent;
(5) Standing and soaking the micelle in the solution (4) for 12h, then flushing the residual NaOH solution with deionized water, filtering the mixture when the cleaning solution is neutral, drying, grinding and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve;
(6) And (3) taking 0.05g of the product in step (5) in 50mL of 9g/L FeCl2 solution, oscillating for 400min at a rotating speed of 150r/min in a constant-temperature shaking table at room temperature under the anaerobic condition, washing with deionized water for three times, and drying in vacuum to obtain the chitosan-coated quartz sand-loaded iron ion composite PRB material.
The invention also provides a treatment method for treating hexavalent chromium-polluted groundwater, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The prepared chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is added into hexavalent chromium polluted groundwater and uniformly mixed;
(2) Placing the mixed solution on a constant temperature shaking table, wherein the rotating speed of the constant temperature shaking table is 150r/min, and carrying out adsorption reaction.
Further: the concentration of hexavalent chromium ions in the hexavalent chromium-polluted groundwater is controlled to be 10-500 mg/L.
Preferably: the pH value of the hexavalent chromium polluted groundwater is 3-8.
Further: the reaction temperature of the constant temperature shaking table is 20-30 ℃.
Further: the usage amount of the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion complex PRB material is 1g/L-3 g/L.
The beneficial effects are that:
the chitosan itself has a large number of functional groups, but the types are few, and after the acrylic acid is used for grafting reaction on the chitosan, the number and the types of the functional groups of the chitosan can be enlarged, and the adsorption point of the chitosan and Cr (VI) can be increased. The acid resistance and stability of the uncrosslinked chitosan are slightly poor, and after the uncrosslinked chitosan is crosslinked by using epoxy chloropropane, chitosan molecular chains are mutually interlaced and entangled, so that the chemical stability of the chitosan is enhanced.
The quartz sand has a smooth surface, a few pore structures, a low specific surface area and isoelectric points, and is most commonly used as a filter material in a water treatment process to manufacture a filter bed for intercepting fine particles, organic matters and the like in sewage. But untreated quartz sand has limited effect of removing heavy metal pollution in polluted water. However, the invention selects the cheap and easily obtained quartz sand as the support, and coats the organic mixture on the quartz sand, thus preparing the coating material with the quartz sand as the base material, enhancing the dispersibility of the material, improving the utilization efficiency and prolonging the service life. The Fe & lt2+ & gt is adsorbed on the surface of the quartz sand coated with the chitosan, so that the Fe & lt2+ & gt can directly participate in the reaction in an ion form, the affinity and the reducing power of the adsorption material to hexavalent chromium can be increased, the good removal effect of hexavalent chromium is realized, and a reference path is provided for designing the PRB dielectric material for removing hexavalent chromium in underground water.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope picture of a chitosan coated silica sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material;
fig. 2 is a fourier infrared spectrogram of a chitosan-coated quartz sand-loaded iron ion composite PRB material.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Preparation method of chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material
0.2g of chitosan is weighed and added into 10mL of 2% acetic acid at room temperature; stirring for 30min until the chitosan is completely dissolved into yellowish transparent solution;
weighing 0.4g of quartz sand under the condition of continuous stirring, mixing the quartz sand into the completely dissolved solution (1), stirring the mixture for 60min, and adding 0.2mL of acrylic acid;
then stirring for 60min, and adding 0.2mL of epichlorohydrin into the solution (2);
when the reaction is carried out for 400min, 1mL of 1% sodium tripolyphosphate solution is dropwise added into the solution (3) under the condition of stirring, 2mol/L NaOH solution is dropwise added, the mixed solution is coagulated into chitosan mixed gel from paste, and the rest solution is clear and transparent;
standing and soaking the micelle in the solution (4) for 12 hours, then flushing the residual NaOH solution with deionized water, filtering the mixture when the cleaning solution is neutral, drying, grinding and sieving the mixture with a 40-mesh sieve.
Introducing nitrogen, taking 0.05g of the product in (5) into 50mL of FeCl2 solution with the concentration of 9g/L, oscillating for 400min at the rotation speed of 150r/min in a constant-temperature shaking table at room temperature, washing with deionized water for three times, and drying in a constant-temperature vacuum oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material.
The final product obtained in this way has the following characteristics:
referring to fig. 1, as shown in the drawing, in the scanning electron microscope picture of the composite PRB material, a layer of irregular fold-shaped substance is formed on the surface of the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded with the iron ion composite PRB material, so that the specific surface area of the quartz sand is enlarged, and the adsorption of hexavalent chromium ions is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 2, a fourier infrared spectrometer is used to scan and analyze the composite PRB material, and the composite PRB material has an absorption peak with superimposed telescopic vibration peaks of-OH and N-H at 3435cm-1, and a c=c telescopic vibration peak corresponding to 1625cm-1 indicates that acrylic acid is successfully grafted on the composite PRB material, and a deformation absorption peak of amino (-NH 2) at 1519cm-1 indicates that the quartz sand surface has been successfully coated with chitosan.
Example 2
The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material prepared in the example 1 is applied to the treatment of the hexavalent chromium pollution simulated groundwater, and comprises the following steps: 8 parts of a 200mg/L chromium solution was prepared, and the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 3, 4, 5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 and 8 with a 0.1mol/L HCl solution and a 0.1mol/L NaOH solution, respectively. The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is added, and the adsorbent dosage is 1g/L. Respectively placing the above-mentioned materials on a constant-temperature shaking table at 25 deg.C. The rotation speed of the constant temperature shaking table is 150r/min, and the adsorption time is 300 min. After the reaction is finished, the supernatant is sucked by using a syringe, the adsorbent and the reaction solution are separated by a standing precipitation mode, and the adsorption process is finished. The reaction solution was tested for the content of unadsorbed hexavalent chromium by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the calculated adsorption amount results are shown in table 1.
Table 1: influence of different pH values on removal of hexavalent chromium in groundwater by chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material
pH value of 3 4 5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8
Adsorption quantity (mg/g) 97.9 86.0 82.5 68.8 53.3 43.1 25.4 16.6
As can be seen from table 1, the effect of different pH values on the adsorption effect was large. The lower pH condition is favorable for removing hexavalent chromium ions, the pH is increased, the adsorption capacity is gradually reduced, and the adsorption capacity reaches the optimal value of 97.9 mg/g at the pH value of 3.
Example 3
The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material prepared in the example 1 is applied to the treatment of the hexavalent chromium pollution simulated groundwater, and comprises the following steps: 3 parts of a 200. 200mg/L chromium solution was prepared, and the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 3 with a 0.1mol/L HCl solution. The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is added, and the adsorbent dosage is 1g/L. Respectively placing on a constant temperature shaking table at 20, 25 and 30 ℃. The rotation speed of the constant temperature shaking table is 150r/min, and the adsorption time is 300 min. After the reaction is finished, the supernatant is sucked by using a syringe, the adsorbent and the reaction solution are separated by a standing precipitation mode, and the adsorption process is finished. The reaction solution was tested for the content of unadsorbed hexavalent chromium by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the calculated adsorption amount results are shown in table 2.
Table 2: influence of different temperatures on removal of hexavalent chromium in groundwater by chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material
Reaction temperature (°c) 20 25 30
Adsorption quantity (mg/g) 107.6 115.9 147.5
As is clear from Table 2, the effect of the composite PRB material on hexavalent chromium removal was better as the reaction temperature was higher, and the adsorption capacity of the composite PRB material reached 147.5 mg/g at a reaction temperature of 30 ℃.
Example 4
The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material prepared in the example 1 is applied to the treatment of the hexavalent chromium pollution simulated groundwater, and comprises the following steps: a200 mg/L chromium solution was prepared, and the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 3 with a 0.1mol/L HCl solution. The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is added, and the adsorbent dosage is 1g/L. Respectively placing the above-mentioned materials on a constant-temperature shaking table at 25 deg.C. The rotation speed of the constant temperature shaking table is 150r/min, and the adsorption time is 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 and 480 min. After the reaction is finished, the supernatant is sucked by using a syringe, the adsorbent and the reaction solution are separated by a standing precipitation mode, and the adsorption process is finished. The reaction solution was tested for the content of unadsorbed hexavalent chromium by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the calculated adsorption amount results are shown in table 2.
Table 3: influence of different reaction time on removal of hexavalent chromium in groundwater by chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material
Time (min) 10 20 30 40 50 60 120 180 240 300 360 420
Adsorption quantity (mg/g) 93.9 98.5 100.9 101.5 101.9 101.9 102.0 101.9 101.7 101.7 101.8 101.8
As is clear from Table 3, as the reaction time increases, the adsorption amount of hexavalent chromium by the composite PRB material increases and the adsorption effect changes slightly after 30 minutes, and the adsorption equilibrium is basically reached, and the adsorption amount of hexavalent chromium by the composite PRB material under the condition is 101.8 mg/g.
Example 5
The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material prepared in the example 1 is applied to the treatment of the hexavalent chromium pollution simulated groundwater, and comprises the following steps: eight chromium solutions were prepared at initial concentrations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500mg/L, respectively, and the pH of the reaction system was adjusted to 3 with 0.1mol/L HCl solution. The chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is added, and the adsorbent dosage is 1g/L. Respectively placing the above-mentioned materials on a constant-temperature shaking table at 25 deg.C. The rotation speed of the constant temperature shaking table is 150r/min, and the adsorption time is 300 min. After the reaction is finished, the supernatant is sucked by using a syringe, the adsorbent and the reaction solution are separated by a standing precipitation mode, and the adsorption process is finished. The reaction solution was tested for the content of unadsorbed hexavalent chromium by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the calculated adsorption amount results are shown in table 2.
Table 4: influence of different reaction concentrations on removal of hexavalent chromium in groundwater by chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material
Initial concentration (mg/L) 10 20 50 100 200 300 400 500
Adsorption quantity (mg/g) 7.7 20.4 42.5 81.6 114.2 126.0 153.1 182.7
As is clear from Table 4, the initial concentration increased to increase the adsorption amount of the composite PRB material, and the adsorption amount increased from 7.7. 7.7 mg/g to 182.7 mg/g when the initial concentration was varied from 10 to 500mg/L.
The chitosan itself has a large number of functional groups, but the chitosan has fewer types, and after the acrylic acid is used for carrying out the grafting reaction on the chitosan, the number and the types of the functional groups of the chitosan can be enlarged, and the adsorption sites of the chitosan and hexavalent chromium are increased.
According to the invention, chitosan is used as a basic organic matter, cheap and easily available quartz sand is selected as a support, and the organic mixture is coated on the quartz sand, so that a coating material using the quartz sand as a base material is prepared, the dispersibility of the material is enhanced, the utilization efficiency is improved, the service life is prolonged, a good hexavalent chromium removal effect is realized, and a reference path is provided for designing a PRB dielectric material for removing hexavalent chromium in groundwater.
The Fe & lt2+ & gt is adsorbed on the surface of the crosslinked chitosan, so that the Fe & lt2+ & gt can directly participate in the reaction in an ionic form, and the affinity and the reducing capability of the adsorption material to hexavalent chromium can be increased.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is characterized in that: coating chitosan on the surface of quartz sand serving as a base material, and adsorbing ferrous ions on the surface of the quartz sand coated with chitosan to prepare a chitosan-coated quartz sand-loaded iron ion composite PRB material; scanning and analyzing the composite PRB material by a Fourier infrared spectrometer, wherein the composite PRB material is coated with a layer of irregular fold-shaped substances formed on the surface of the iron ion composite PRB material by chitosan, the composite PRB material is provided with an absorption peak overlapped by telescopic vibration peaks of-OH and N-H at 3435cm < -1 >, a C=C telescopic vibration peak corresponding to 1625cm < -1 > and an amino (-NH 2) deformation absorption peak at 1519cm < -1 >;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 0.1-0.2g of chitosan at room temperature, adding into 10ml of 2% acetic acid, and stirring until the chitosan is completely dissolved into yellowish transparent solution;
(2) Weighing 0.4g of quartz sand under the condition of continuous stirring, mixing the quartz sand into the completely dissolved solution (1), stirring the mixture for 60min, and adding 0.2ml of acrylic acid;
(3) Then stirring for 60min, and adding 0.2ml of epichlorohydrin into the solution (2);
(4) When the reaction is carried out until 400mi, 1ml of 1% sodium tripolyphosphate solution is dropwise added into the solution (3) while stirring, 2mol/L NaOH solution is dropwise added, the mixed solution is coagulated into chitosan mixed gel from paste, and the rest solution is clear and transparent;
(5) Standing and soaking the micelle in the solution (4) for 12 hours, then flushing the residual NaOH solution with deionized water, filtering out the mixture when the cleaning solution is neutral, drying, grinding and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve;
(6) 0.05g of the product of (5) is taken in 50ml of FeCl 9g/L 2 And (3) oscillating for 400min at a rotating speed of 150r/min in a constant-temperature shaking table at room temperature under the anaerobic condition in the solution, cleaning with deionized water for three times, and vacuum drying to obtain the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material.
2. The application of the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material prepared in the method of claim 1 in water treatment.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the water is hexavalent chromium-contaminated groundwater, and the treatment method comprises the steps of:
(1) Adding the chitosan coated quartz sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material prepared in the method of claim 2 into hexavalent chromium polluted groundwater, and uniformly mixing;
(2) Placing the mixed solution on a constant temperature shaking table, wherein the rotating speed of the constant temperature shaking table is 150r/min, and carrying out adsorption reaction.
4. A use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the concentration of hexavalent chromium ions in the hexavalent chromium-polluted groundwater is controlled to be 10-500 mg/L.
5. The use according to claim 3, wherein the pH of said hexavalent chromium contaminated groundwater is between 3 and 8.
6. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that the reaction temperature of the thermostatic shaker is 20-30 ℃.
7. The application of claim 2, wherein the chitosan coated silica sand loaded iron ion composite PRB material is used in an amount of 1g/L to 3g/L.
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