CN113880036A - Centralized filling mechanism and method for ultra-large hydraulic excavator - Google Patents
Centralized filling mechanism and method for ultra-large hydraulic excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113880036A CN113880036A CN202111139624.8A CN202111139624A CN113880036A CN 113880036 A CN113880036 A CN 113880036A CN 202111139624 A CN202111139624 A CN 202111139624A CN 113880036 A CN113880036 A CN 113880036A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 163
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/36—Arrangements of flow- or pressure-control valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/78—Arrangements of storage tanks, reservoirs or pipe-lines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a centralized filling mechanism and a filling method for an ultra-large hydraulic excavator, which comprise a cross beam frame, a fixed support, a centralized filling box body, a lifting oil cylinder, a position detection part and an oil cylinder control system, wherein the cross beam frame is connected with the fixed support through a connecting rod; the cross beam frame is arranged in the middle of the rear bottom plate of the rotary table; the fixed bracket is arranged on the cross beam frame; the centralized filling box body is connected with a reaming hole below the fixed bracket; the lifting oil cylinder is provided with a rod end connected with a fixed seat on the centralized filling box body, and a rodless end connected with a hinge hole above the fixed bracket; the position detection part is arranged at the tail part of the rear bottom plate of the rotary table and is used for detecting the position of the centralized filling box body; the oil cylinder control system is connected with the lifting oil cylinder and used for controlling the lifting oil cylinder to extend and contract so as to control the centralized filling tank to ascend and descend. The lifting device is simple to operate, convenient to use, safe and efficient, the centralized filling box can be lifted on the ground and in a cab, and the box body can run more smoothly in the lifting process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a centralized filling mechanism of an ultra-large hydraulic excavator, in particular to a mechanism for quickly filling oil for ultra-large hydraulic excavator.
Background
Due to the fact that the ultra-large hydraulic excavator is huge in size, various oil is distributed at each position of the whole excavator, climbing and descending are needed to replace the oil at each position in the filling process, and therefore the ultra-large hydraulic excavator is inconvenient and dangerous, and a mechanism capable of achieving centralized filling of all the oil in a proper position is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a centralized filling mechanism of an ultra-large hydraulic excavator, which has the advantages of simple structure, high operation reliability and lower cost. On the ground and in the cab, the centralized filling box can be controlled to lift, and the action is gentle in the lifting process. After the centralized filling box is closed to reach the designated position, the centralized filling box has a self-locking function and cannot fall down suddenly in the working process of the whole vehicle. If an extreme condition is met, the self-locking function fails, the whole vehicle cannot operate, and the safety is guaranteed.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a centralized filling mechanism of an ultra-large hydraulic excavator comprises:
the cross beam frame is arranged in the middle of the rear bottom plate of the rotary table;
a fixed bracket mounted on the cross beam frame;
the centralized filling box body is connected with a hinge hole below the fixed support;
the lifting oil cylinder is provided with a rod end connected with a fixed seat on the centralized filling box body, and a rodless end connected with a hinge hole above the fixed support;
the position detection component is arranged at the tail part of the rear bottom plate of the rotary table and is used for detecting the position of the centralized filling box body;
and the oil cylinder control system is connected with the lifting oil cylinder and is used for controlling the lifting oil cylinder to extend and contract so as to control the centralized filling tank to ascend and descend.
The preferable scheme is as follows: the oil cylinder control system comprises a gear pump, an electronic pump, a one-way valve, a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a hydraulic control one-way valve and a one-way throttle valve; the gear pump is driven by an engine, and the electronic pump is driven by a storage battery; the oil outlets of the gear pump and the electronic pump are respectively connected with oil inlets of one-way valves, the oil outlets of the two one-way valves are converged and then connected with a port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a port A of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a hydraulic control one-way valve and then connected with a one-way throttle valve, and finally connected with a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, a rodless cavity is connected with a port B of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and a port T of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is directly connected into an oil tank.
As an optimization scheme of the invention: the oil cylinder control system also comprises an overflow valve; and the oil inlet of the overflow valve is connected with the oil outlets of the two one-way valves, the oil outlet of the overflow valve is connected with the oil tank, and when the system pressure reaches the set pressure, the oil directly flows back to the oil tank from the overflow valve.
As an optimization scheme of the invention: when the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve does not receive a switching signal, hydraulic oil can only flow from the oil port P to the oil port A, and the port B flows to the port T; when a switch signal sent out when a descending button is pressed is received, the reversing occurs, hydraulic oil can only flow from the port P to the port B, and the port A flows to the port T.
The preferable scheme is as follows: the concentrated filling box body comprises:
the front ends of the box body frames are connected with a pin hole A below the fixed support through a pin shaft;
the two mounting supports are symmetrically mounted on the two box body frames, pin holes are formed in the mounting supports, the rod end of the lifting oil cylinder can be connected with the mounting supports through a pin shaft, and the rod-free end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with a pin hole B above the fixed support through a pin shaft;
the two filling panel mounting plates are symmetrically mounted at the tail parts of the two box body frames;
the filling panels are arranged on the two filling panel mounting plates, and the lifting oil cylinder stretches to realize the descending and ascending movement of the filling panels;
the stop block and the baffle plate are connected to the box body frame through fasteners, and when the filling panel ascends to a proper position, the stop block is stopped by the position detection component, and the ascending is stopped.
The preferable scheme is as follows: the fixed bracket comprises a bracket and two fixed seats; the bracket is fixed with the cross beam frame through a fastener; two fixing seats are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the support, pin holes B connected with the rodless end of the lifting oil cylinder are machined above the fixing seats, and pin holes A connected with the front end of the centralized filling box body are machined below the fixing seats.
The preferable scheme is as follows: the position detection section includes:
the limiting block and the bracket fixing seat are welded at the tail part of the rear bottom plate of the turntable;
the proximity switch bracket is an L-shaped bending plate, and one vertical surface of the proximity switch bracket is connected with the bracket fixing seat through a fastener;
the proximity switch is fixed on the other vertical surface of the proximity switch bracket through a fastener, when the centralized filling box body is lifted to a limited height, the stop block in the centralized filling box body is blocked by the limit block, and the light signal of the proximity switch is blocked by the baffle plate in the centralized filling box body; when the baffle can not block the signal of the proximity switch, the controller controls the whole vehicle and does not allow the revolving excavation operation.
A centralized filling method for an ultra-large hydraulic excavator comprises the following steps:
the centralized filling box body is connected with a pin hole below the fixed support through a pin shaft, the fixed support is fixed on a cross beam frame, and the cross beam frame is fixed on a rear bottom plate of the rotary table;
the rod cavity end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with a pin hole above the fixed bracket by using a pin shaft, and the rodless cavity end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the centralized filling box body by using a pin shaft;
the electric pump driven by the storage battery and the gear pump driven by the engine are respectively connected with a one-way valve in series, after oil paths are collected, the port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected, the corresponding port A of the oil outlet is connected with a hydraulic control one-way valve, the one-way throttle valve is connected, the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder is connected finally, the port B of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the rodless cavity, the corresponding port T of the oil outlet is directly connected with the oil tank, and at the moment, the centralized filling box body can do circular motion around a pin hole below the fixed support through the extension and shortening of the lifting oil cylinder.
The preferable scheme is as follows: when the ultra-large hydraulic excavator stops, firstly opening a switch of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, then opening a switch of the electronic pump, at the moment, the electronic pump sucks oil from an oil tank, oil flows out of an oil outlet of the electronic pump, enters a P port of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve after passing through a one-way valve, then flows out of a B port, directly enters a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, at the moment, the oil in the rod cavity flows back to an A port from the one-way throttle valve, then flows out of a T port and directly flows back to the oil tank; at the moment, the oil cylinder stretches, so that the centralized filling box body can descend; after oil is filled, the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is switched off, the switch of the electronic pump is switched on, the oil flows into a port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and flows out of a port A, passes through the hydraulic control one-way valve and the one-way throttle valve, flows into the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, flows into a port B, flows out of a port T and directly flows back to the oil tank; at the moment, the oil cylinder can be contracted, and the upward movement of the centralized filling box body can be realized.
The preferable scheme is as follows: in the operation process of the excavator, as the engine runs all the time, the gear pump supplies oil all the time, and the centralized filling tank is in an ascending state all the time; if the centralized filling box body needs to be lowered, the switch of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is only needed to be opened to change the direction of oil, and the descending of the centralized remembering box body can be completed. In the operation process, when the lifting oil cylinder reaches the limit stroke, the gear pump still supplies oil all the time, when the pressure exceeds the set system pressure, an overflow valve connected between the oil outlets of the two one-way valves and the oil tank is opened, and the oil directly flows back to the oil tank.
The preferable scheme is as follows: when the centralized filling box body is lifted to a limited height, the baffle arranged in the centralized filling box body is blocked by the limiting block arranged on the rear bottom plate of the turntable, and at the moment, the baffle arranged in the centralized filling box body just blocks a signal sent by the proximity switch arranged on the rear bottom plate of the turntable; when the baffle can not block the signal of the proximity switch, the controller controls the whole vehicle and does not allow the revolving excavation operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the lifting device is simple to operate, convenient to use, safe and efficient, the centralized filling box can be lifted on the ground and in a cab, and the box body can run more smoothly in the lifting process. In the whole machine operation process, the centralized filling box is always in a tensioned state, and even if the centralized filling box falls down due to extreme conditions, the whole machine stops all operation actions, so that dangers are prevented. After the complete machine is shut down, the self-locking of the box body can be realized under the condition that the gear pump and the electronic pump do not work, and the box body can not fall off under the action of gravity.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a hydraulic schematic of the centralized filling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the centralized filling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of I of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of I of FIG. 2 from another perspective;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the beam structure of the present invention (a is a front view, b is a top view, and c is a side view);
FIG. 6 is a three-view illustration of the fixing bracket structure of the present invention (a is a front view, b is a top view, and c is a side view);
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a centralized filling tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a proximity switch bracket configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a logic block diagram of the centralized refueling mechanism of the present invention as it descends;
fig. 10 is a logic block diagram of the centralized filling mechanism according to the present invention when it is raised.
The attached drawings are as follows: the automatic control device comprises a gear pump 1, an electronic pump 2, a check valve 3, an overflow valve 4, a two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 5, a hydraulic control check valve 6, a one-way throttle valve 7, a lifting oil cylinder 8, a turntable rear base plate 9, a cross beam frame 10, a fixing plate 1001, a square steel 1002, a mounting plate 1003, a fixing support 11, a support 1101, a fixing seat 1102, a centralized filling box body 12, a box body frame 1201, a mounting support 1202, a filling panel mounting plate 1203, a filling panel 1204, a stopper 1205, a stopper 1206, a baffle 13, a limit block 14, a proximity switch support 15, a pin shaft 16, a proximity switch and a support fixing seat 17.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the centralized filling mechanism of the large excavator comprises a gear pump 1, an electronic pump 2, a check valve 3, an overflow valve 4, a two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 5, a hydraulic control check valve 6, a check throttle valve 7, a lifting oil cylinder 8, a turntable rear bottom plate 9, a cross beam frame 10, a fixing support 11, a centralized filling box body 12, a limiting block 13, a proximity switch support 14, a pin shaft 15, a proximity switch 16 and a support fixing seat 17. The gear pump 1 is driven by an engine, the electronic pump 2 is driven by a storage battery, oil outlets of the two pumps are respectively connected with oil inlets of the one-way valve 3, after the oil outlets are collected, one path of oil is divided to be connected with an overflow valve, the oil outlet of the overflow valve 4 is connected with an oil tank, a group of oil paths are connected with a port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5, a corresponding port A of the oil outlet is connected with a hydraulic control one-way valve 6 and then connected with a one-way throttle valve 7, and finally connected with a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 8, a rodless cavity is connected with a port B of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5, and a corresponding port T of the oil outlet is directly connected with the oil tank. The transverse beam frame 10 is fixed on the rear bottom plate 9 of the rotary table, the fixing support 11 is fixed on the transverse beam frame 10, the centralized filling box 12 is connected with the fixing support 11 by using a pin shaft 15, the centralized filling box body 12 can do circular motion around the pin shaft 15, the rod end of the lifting oil cylinder 8 is connected with the centralized filling box 12 by using the pin shaft 15, and the rodless end of the lifting oil cylinder 8 is connected with the fixing support 11 by using the pin shaft 15. The limiting block 13 and the support fixing seat 17 are welded at the tail part of the turntable rear bottom plate 9, the proximity switch 16 is arranged on the proximity switch support 14, and the proximity switch support 15 is fixed on the support fixing seat 17 through a bolt gasket.
It should be noted that the buttons for controlling the ascending and descending of the centralized filling box should be respectively installed at the position where the cab and the ground are easy to operate; the up and down buttons control the activation of the electronic pump.
When the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 5 does not receive the switch signal, hydraulic oil can only flow from the oil port P to the oil port A, and the port B flows to the port T; when the switch signal is received, the reversing occurs, the hydraulic oil can only flow from the port P to the port B, and the port A flows to the port T.
The hydraulic control one-way valve 6 and the one-way throttle valve 7 are connected in series and then are connected into a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 8, the oil inlets face towards the same direction, and when hydraulic oil flows to the rod cavity, the hydraulic control one-way valve 6 and the one-way throttle valve 7 are completely opened. The hydraulic control one-way valve 6 controls the oil port to be communicated with the rodless cavity oil inlet oil way, when the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder 8 is filled with oil, the hydraulic control one-way valve 6 is opened, and hydraulic oil can reversely circulate.
As shown in fig. 5, the beam frame 10 includes a square steel 1002, a fixing plate 1001 is welded to each of both sides of the square steel 1002, a screw hole is formed in the fixing plate 1001, and a bolt is fixed to the fixing plate 1001 after passing through the turntable rear base plate 9. Two mounting plates 1003 are welded on the square steel surface perpendicular to the fixing plate 1001, four threaded holes are formed in the mounting plates 1003, and the two mounting plates 1003 are identical in height.
As shown in fig. 6, the fixing bracket 11 includes a bracket 1101, the bracket 1101 is provided with 8 mounting holes, the 8 mounting holes are distributed in accordance with the threaded holes of the two mounting plates 1003 on the cross beam 10, and the fixing bracket 11 is fixed on the cross beam 10 by using bolt washers. The support 1101 is welded with two fixing seats 1102, pin holes B are machined above the fixing seats 1102, pin holes A are machined below the fixing seats, and the height requirements of the fixing seats are consistent so as to ensure that the centers of the pin holes are coaxial.
As shown in fig. 7, the centralized filling tank 12 includes two tank frames 1201, two mounting supports 1202, two filling panel mounting plates 1203, a stopper 1205, a baffle 1206, a filling panel 1204, and a bolt washer, a pin hole is formed in the front end of the tank frame 1201, the tank frame 1201 can be connected to a pin hole a below the fixing base 1102 through a pin 15, and the tank frame 1201 can move circularly around the pin 15. The same position in the middle of the two box body frames 1201 is respectively fixed with a mounting support 1202, the mounting support 1202 is provided with a pin hole, the rod end of the lifting oil cylinder 8 can be connected with the mounting support 1202 through a pin shaft 15, and the rodless end of the lifting oil cylinder 8 is connected with a pin hole B above the fixed seat through the pin shaft 15. The tail parts of the two box body frames 1201 are respectively welded with a filling panel mounting plate 1203, the filling panel 1204 and the filling panel mounting plate 1203 can be fixed through bolt washers, and at the moment, the filling panel 1204 can descend and ascend through the expansion and contraction of the lifting oil cylinder 8. The tail of the box body frame 1201 is also provided with a plurality of threaded holes, a plurality of unthreaded holes are formed in the stop 1205 and the baffle 1206, and the stop 1205 and the baffle 1206 are fixed on the box body frame 1201 together through bolt washers, as shown in fig. 4. A limiting block 13 is welded at the tail part of the turntable rear bottom plate 9, and when the filling panel 1204 ascends to a proper position, the stop block 16 is blocked by the limiting block 13, and the ascending stops.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, the proximity switch bracket 14 is a bent L-shaped plate, wherein one surface of the bent L-shaped plate is provided with a plurality of oblong holes, and the other surface of the bent L-shaped plate is provided with a round hole; the support fixing seat 17 is welded and fixed at the tail part of the turntable rear bottom plate 9, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the support fixing seat 17, one face, provided with the long round hole, of the proximity switch support 14 is fixed with the support fixing seat 17 through a bolt gasket, and the proximity switch 16 is fixed on the other face of the proximity switch support 14.
When the centralized filling box body 12 is lifted to a limited height, the stopper 1205 is blocked by the limiting block 13 at the tail part of the turntable rear bottom plate 9, and at the moment, the baffle 1206 just blocks the signal sent by the approach switch 16; when the stop 1206 fails to receive a signal from the proximity switch 16, the controller controls the entire vehicle and does not allow the work such as turning excavation.
The working process of the centralized filling mechanism of the invention is as follows:
when the ultra-large hydraulic excavator stops, the switch for controlling the electronic pump and the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve can be arranged at an easy-to-operate position, such as an escalator or a cab. If the whole machine needs to be filled, firstly, a switch of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is opened, then, a switch of the electronic pump is opened, at the moment, the electronic pump absorbs oil from the oil tank, the oil liquid flows out from an oil outlet of the electronic pump, enters a P port of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve after passing through the one-way valve, then flows out from a B port of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and directly enters a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, and at the moment, the oil liquid in the rod cavity flows through a throttling port in the one-way throttle valve. At the moment, the pressure of the port B of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is higher, the control oil way controls the one-way throttle valve to be opened in two directions, and oil can flow back to the port A of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve through the one-way throttle valve and then flows out of the port T of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and directly flows back to the oil tank. At the moment, the oil cylinder stretches, and the descending of the centralized filling box body can be realized. At the moment, the centralized filling box body can be slowly reduced due to the existence of the throttling opening, and the safety performance is improved. After oil is filled, the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is switched off, the electronic pump is switched on, the oil flows into a port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, flows out of a port A of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, passes through the hydraulic control one-way valve and then flows into the one-way throttle valve, the one-way valve is completely opened, the oil can directly flow into a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, the oil in a rodless cavity directly flows into a port B of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and then flows out of a port T of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the oil directly flows back to the oil tank. At the moment, the oil cylinder can be contracted, and the upward movement of the centralized filling box body can be realized. When the stop block on the centralized filling box body is blocked by the limiting block and cannot ascend, the electronic pump can be stopped from working, at the moment, oil liquid is not circulated any more, the oil path of the hydraulic control one-way valve is not communicated in two directions, although the centralized filling box body has dead weight, the hydraulic self-locking function can be realized due to the existence of the hydraulic control one-way valve, and the centralized filling box body is prevented from falling.
When the excavator works, the engine runs all the time, the gear pump supplies oil all the time, the centralized filling box is in an ascending state all the time, the centralized filling box body cannot fall down, and safety is improved. If the centralized filling box body needs to be lowered, the switch of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is only needed to be opened to change the direction of oil, and the descending of the centralized remembering box body can be completed. In the operation process, when the lifting oil cylinder reaches the limit stroke, the gear pump still supplies oil all the time, when the pressure exceeds the set system pressure, the overflow valve is opened, the oil directly flows back to the oil tank, and the service life of the gear pump is prolonged.
When extreme conditions occur, such as leakage of a hydraulic control one-way valve occurs, the centralized filling box body which is lifted up after stopping for a period of time drops to a certain degree, at the moment, after the excavator is started, the proximity switch cannot receive signals of the baffle, at the moment, a controller of the excavator limits all actions of digging, rotation and the like, after fault maintenance is completed, the engine is started, the gear pump works, oil automatically flows into a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, the centralized filling box body rises, the proximity switch receives signals, and the whole machine recovers actions.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than others, combinations of features of different embodiments are also meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use the combination according to the known technical solutions and technical problems to be solved by the present application.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a super large-scale hydraulic shovel concentrates filling mechanism which characterized in that includes:
the cross beam frame is arranged in the middle of the rear bottom plate of the rotary table;
a fixed bracket mounted on the cross beam frame;
the centralized filling box body is connected with a hinge hole below the fixed support;
the lifting oil cylinder is provided with a rod end connected with a fixed seat on the centralized filling box body, and a rodless end connected with a hinge hole above the fixed support;
the position detection component is arranged at the tail part of the rear bottom plate of the rotary table and is used for detecting the position of the centralized filling box body;
and the oil cylinder control system is connected with the lifting oil cylinder and is used for controlling the lifting oil cylinder to extend and contract so as to control the centralized filling tank to ascend and descend.
2. The centralized filling mechanism of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the oil cylinder control system comprises a gear pump, an electronic pump, a one-way valve, a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a hydraulic control one-way valve and a one-way throttle valve;
the gear pump is driven by an engine, and the electronic pump is driven by a storage battery;
the oil outlets of the gear pump and the electronic pump are respectively connected with oil inlets of one-way valves, the oil outlets of the two one-way valves are converged and then connected with a port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a port A of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a hydraulic control one-way valve and then connected with a one-way throttle valve, and finally connected with a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, a rodless cavity is connected with a port B of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and a port T of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is directly connected into an oil tank.
3. The centralized filling mechanism of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the oil cylinder control system also comprises an overflow valve;
and the oil inlet of the overflow valve is connected with the oil outlets of the two one-way valves, the oil outlet of the overflow valve is connected with the oil tank, and when the system pressure reaches the set pressure, the oil directly flows back to the oil tank from the overflow valve.
4. The centralized filling mechanism of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that:
when the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve does not receive a switching signal, hydraulic oil can only flow from the oil port P to the oil port A, and the port B flows to the port T; when a switch signal sent out when a descending button is pressed is received, the reversing occurs, hydraulic oil can only flow from the port P to the port B, and the port A flows to the port T.
5. The centralized filling mechanism of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the concentrated filling box body comprises:
the front ends of the box body frames are connected with a pin hole A below the fixed support through a pin shaft;
the two mounting supports are symmetrically mounted on the two box body frames, pin holes are formed in the mounting supports, the rod end of the lifting oil cylinder can be connected with the mounting supports through a pin shaft, and the rod-free end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with a pin hole B above the fixed support through a pin shaft;
the two filling panel mounting plates are symmetrically mounted at the tail parts of the two box body frames;
the filling panels are arranged on the two filling panel mounting plates, and the lifting oil cylinder stretches to realize the descending and ascending movement of the filling panels;
the stop block and the baffle plate are connected to the box body frame through fasteners, and when the filling panel ascends to a proper position, the stop block is stopped by the position detection component, and the ascending is stopped.
6. The centralized filling mechanism of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the fixed bracket comprises a bracket and two fixed seats;
the bracket is fixed with the cross beam frame through a fastener;
two fixing seats are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the support, pin holes B connected with the rodless end of the lifting oil cylinder are machined above the fixing seats, and pin holes A connected with the front end of the centralized filling box body are machined below the fixing seats.
7. The centralized filling mechanism of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the position detection section includes:
the limiting block and the bracket fixing seat are welded at the tail part of the rear bottom plate of the turntable;
the proximity switch bracket is an L-shaped bending plate, and one vertical surface of the proximity switch bracket is connected with the bracket fixing seat through a fastener;
the proximity switch is fixed on the other vertical surface of the proximity switch bracket through a fastener, when the centralized filling box body is lifted to a limited height, the stop block in the centralized filling box body is blocked by the limit block, and the light signal of the proximity switch is blocked by the baffle plate in the centralized filling box body; when the baffle can not block the signal of the proximity switch, the controller controls the whole vehicle and does not allow the revolving excavation operation.
8. A centralized filling method for an ultra-large hydraulic excavator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the centralized filling box body is connected with a pin hole below the fixed support through a pin shaft, the fixed support is fixed on a cross beam frame, and the cross beam frame is fixed on a rear bottom plate of the rotary table;
the rod cavity end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with a pin hole above the fixed bracket by using a pin shaft, and the rodless cavity end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the centralized filling box body by using a pin shaft;
the electric pump driven by the storage battery and the gear pump driven by the engine are respectively connected with a one-way valve in series, after oil paths are collected, the port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected, the corresponding port A of the oil outlet is connected with a hydraulic control one-way valve, the one-way throttle valve is connected, the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder is connected finally, the port B of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the rodless cavity, the corresponding port T of the oil outlet is directly connected with the oil tank, and at the moment, the centralized filling box body can do circular motion around a pin hole below the fixed support through the extension and shortening of the lifting oil cylinder.
9. The centralized filling method of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 8, characterized in that:
when the ultra-large hydraulic excavator stops, firstly opening a switch of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, then opening a switch of the electronic pump, at the moment, the electronic pump sucks oil from an oil tank, oil flows out of an oil outlet of the electronic pump, enters a P port of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve after passing through a one-way valve, then flows out of a B port, directly enters a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, at the moment, the oil in the rod cavity flows back to an A port from the one-way throttle valve, then flows out of a T port and directly flows back to the oil tank; at the moment, the oil cylinder stretches, so that the centralized filling box body can descend;
after oil is filled, the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is switched off, the switch of the electronic pump is switched on, the oil flows into a port P of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and flows out of a port A, passes through the hydraulic control one-way valve and the one-way throttle valve, flows into the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, flows into a port B, flows out of a port T and directly flows back to the oil tank; at the moment, the oil cylinder can be contracted, and the upward movement of the centralized filling box body can be realized.
10. The centralized filling method of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 8, characterized in that:
in the operation process of the excavator, as the engine runs all the time, the gear pump supplies oil all the time, and the centralized filling tank is in an ascending state all the time;
if the centralized filling box body needs to be lowered, the switch of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is only needed to be opened to change the direction of oil, and the descending of the centralized remembering box body can be completed. In the operation process, when the lifting oil cylinder reaches the limit stroke, the gear pump still supplies oil all the time, when the pressure exceeds the set system pressure, an overflow valve connected between the oil outlets of the two one-way valves and the oil tank is opened, and the oil directly flows back to the oil tank.
11. The centralized filling method of the ultra-large hydraulic excavator according to claim 8, characterized in that:
when the centralized filling box body is lifted to a limited height, the baffle arranged in the centralized filling box body is blocked by the limiting block arranged on the rear bottom plate of the turntable, and at the moment, the baffle arranged in the centralized filling box body just blocks a signal sent by the proximity switch arranged on the rear bottom plate of the turntable;
when the baffle can not block the signal of the proximity switch, the controller controls the whole vehicle and does not allow the revolving excavation operation.
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| CN202111139624.8A CN113880036B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Centralized filling mechanism and method for ultra-large hydraulic excavator |
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| CN113880036B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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