CN113878310A - Fusion penetration welding method for T-shaped joint of thick plate - Google Patents
Fusion penetration welding method for T-shaped joint of thick plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113878310A CN113878310A CN202111226951.7A CN202111226951A CN113878310A CN 113878310 A CN113878310 A CN 113878310A CN 202111226951 A CN202111226951 A CN 202111226951A CN 113878310 A CN113878310 A CN 113878310A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K7/00—Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
- B23K7/002—Machines, apparatus, or equipment for cutting plane workpieces, e.g. plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/042—Built-up welding on planar surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fusion penetration welding method for a T-shaped joint of a thick plate, which comprises the steps of firstly processing a web plate groove by adopting a combined processing method, firstly processing by adopting flame cutting, and then finally forming a U (J) -shaped groove by adopting mechanical processing; then overlaying a weld seam cushion layer, overlaying the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, wherein the quality of the overlaid weld seam is consistent with the requirement of a T-shaped joint weld seam, and the thickness of the weld seam cushion layer is determined according to the thickness of the web; assembling the H-shaped steel, and assembling the web plate, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate into a whole by spot welding on an H-shaped steel assembling machineA body; and finally, completing welding of a T-shaped joint combined weld joint, wherein the T-shaped joint combined weld joint comprises a priming layer, a filling layer and a cover surface layer, and 80% Ar + 20% CO is adopted for welding the priming layer2Gas shielded welding, wherein CO is adopted for welding a filling layer2And gas shielded welding, wherein the cover surface layer is welded by adopting automatic submerged arc welding. The method for welding the T-shaped joint of the thick plate through the steps has the advantages of high production efficiency and high welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to a fusion penetration welding method for a T-shaped joint of a thick plate.
Background
Through the development for a long time, the domestic fusion penetration welding process of the T-shaped joint combination weld of the thick plate is continuously perfected and optimized. Overall, however, the welding technology for such welds is relatively slow to develop. For many enterprises, fusion welding of a thick plate T-shaped joint combined weld is still a technical problem, mainly low production efficiency and low product welding yield. At present, domestic steel structure manufacturing enterprises generally adopt the following three welding processes.
1) Carbon arc gouging back gouging method
The method is more original, a web plate is normally beveled to leave a truncated edge, and after the front surface is primed and filled, the back surface is welded after back chipping by a carbon arc gouging. The method has the defects of large gouging back chipping workload, severe working environment, large auxiliary material consumption, large welding deformation of components, long construction period, extremely low production efficiency and the like. This method will be gradually abandoned by manufacturing enterprises.
2) Reserved gap bottoming method
In recent years, the reserve gap bottoming method is gradually familiar and adopted by some manufacturing enterprises. The method generally adopts a web plate to open a groove without leaving a truncated edge, a gap of about 4mm is left when assembling the time (the gap is ensured by flat steel or a welding wire), backing welding is carried out by adopting carbon dioxide gas shielded welding, and then submerged-arc welding is carried out to fill the cover surface. The process has the advantages of high production efficiency and the like in thick plate welding, and has the defects that the shim iron in the groove needs to be removed by a gouging machine and the groove needs to be polished again, and the gap is reduced due to the shrinkage of the groove after the shim iron is removed, so that the problems that backing welding is not completely melted and the like are caused. The defects of incomplete fusion and the like are easily generated during filling welding of submerged-arc welding, and the requirements on assembly and groove quality are higher by adopting the filling of the submerged-arc welding.
3) Ceramic lining method
Few enterprises adopting the ceramic liner method in China are in the exploration stage at present. The method is to open a single-sided or double-sided groove on a web plate, and add a ceramic liner on one side to prevent welding through. This method is very troublesome to fill the back with flux, complicated to operate, and expensive for the ceramic pad.
In conclusion, the three traditional welding processes have the problems of low production efficiency and poor welding quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thick plate T-shaped joint penetration welding method, which is used for solving the technical problems of low production efficiency and poor welding quality in the traditional welding process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a thick plate T-shaped joint penetration welding method is provided, and comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a web plate groove; adopting a combined processing method, firstly adopting flame cutting to process, and then adopting mechanical processing to finally form a U (J) -shaped groove;
s2, overlaying a weld seam cushion layer; overlaying welding is carried out on the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, the quality of an overlaying welding seam is consistent with the requirement of a T-shaped joint welding seam, and the thickness of a welding seam cushion layer is determined according to the thickness of a web plate;
s3, assembling H-shaped steel; assembling the web plate, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate into a whole by adopting spot welding on an H-shaped steel assembling machine;
s4, welding a T-shaped joint combined weld; the T-shaped joint combined weld joint is divided into a priming layer, a filling layer and a cover layer, wherein 80% Ar + 20% CO is adopted2Gas shielded welding primer layer, CO2And welding the filling layer by gas shielded welding, and adopting submerged arc welding for welding the cover surface layer.
In one embodiment, step S1 is performed, first, flame cutting is performed to cut the web into K-shaped grooves, and a machining allowance is reserved; then, a U (J) -shaped groove machine is adopted to process into a double-sided U (J) -shaped groove.
In one embodiment, the reserved machining allowance is between 1.5mm and 2.5 mm.
In one embodiment, when the web has a thickness of 40mm, the weld pad layer has a thickness of 3mm and a diameter of 15 mm.
In one embodiment, in step S4, after the welding of the filling layer is completed, the depth of the T-shaped joint welding groove is kept to be 2-3 mm, so as to facilitate the subsequent cover layer welding.
In one embodiment, when the welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is adopted for welding the bottom layer, the welding current is 220-250A, and the welding speed is 550-650 mm/min.
In one embodiment, the groove blunt thickness is 1 mm.
One or more technical solutions described above in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
1. the web plate groove adopts a combined processing method, firstly adopts flame cutting to cut the web plate into a K-shaped groove, reserves a small amount of machining allowance, and then uses a U (J) shaped groove machine to process and form the U (J) shaped groove at one time. Not only improves the production efficiency, but also ensures the groove precision.
2. The diameter of the cushion layer (pile welding seam) is 15mm, the distance is about 400mm, and the groove gap is ensured. Because the pile welding seam does not need to be removed and becomes a part of the welding seam in the groove, the groove gap in the welding process is ensured. Meanwhile, the problems that the gap is reduced due to the fact that the groove contracts after the sizing block is removed and the backing block is not completely melted after the groove is removed because the sizing block needs to be removed by a gouging and the groove needs to be polished again are solved, and production efficiency and welding quality are further improved.
3. The embodiment of the invention adopts 80% Ar + 20% CO2Gas shielded welding priming, CO2Gas shielded welding filling and automatic submerged arc welding capping. 80% Ar + 20% CO2The gas shield has the characteristics of large welding penetration, small splashing, small heat input quantity and the like, and in order to ensure the penetration of the backing weld and reduce the contraction of the groove gap, a large welding current and a large welding speed are recommended, the backing weld current is 220-250A (the diameter of a welding wire is 1.2mm), and the welding speed is about 600 mm/min. Meanwhile, the gas shielded welding is open arc welding, so that the condition of a welding pool is easy to observe, and the quality of a welding seam in the groove is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a step of beveling a web in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cushion layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the process of the welding fixing step in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the respective reference numerals are as follows:
1. a flame cutting section; 2. a machining section; 3. beveling; 4. a cushion layer; 5. priming a bottom layer; 6. a filling layer; 7. and covering layers.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for fusion-through welding a T-shaped joint of a thick plate, including the following steps:
s1, processing a web groove 3; and a combined processing method is adopted, flame cutting is firstly adopted for processing, and then mechanical processing is adopted for finally forming the groove 3.
When the thickness of the web plate is more than or equal to 20mm, in order to reduce the filling amount of the welding groove 3, a double-sided U (J) -shaped groove 3 is formed, and the truncated edge is left about 1 mm. In order to improve the machining efficiency of the groove 3 and ensure the machining precision of the groove 3, flame cutting is firstly adopted, the web plate is cut into a K-shaped groove, a small amount of machining allowance (such as about 2mm) is reserved, and then a U (J) -shaped groove machine is adopted to machine the double-sided U (J) -shaped groove 3, as shown in figure 1.
S2, overlaying a weld seam cushion layer 4; and (3) surfacing is carried out on the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, the quality of a surfacing seam is consistent with the requirement of a T-shaped joint welding seam, and the thickness of the welding seam cushion layer 4 is determined according to the thickness of the web.
In order to solve the problems of the iron pads in the groove 3 in the traditional process, a welding seam cushion layer 4 (pile welding seam) is adopted. As shown in fig. 2, taking a 40mm steel plate as an example, before the H-shaped steel is assembled, overlaying is performed on the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, the quality of an overlaying seam is consistent with the requirement of the T-shaped joint welding seam, the thickness of the overlaying seam is determined according to the thickness of the web (for example, the thickness of the web is 40mm, and the thickness of the overlaying seam can be 3mm), the diameter is 15mm, and the distance is about 400 mm.
The diameter of the cushion layer 4 (pile welding seam) is 15mm, the distance is about 400mm, and the gap of the groove 3 is ensured. Because the pile welding seam does not need to be removed and becomes a part of the welding seam in the groove 3, the gap of the groove 3 in the welding process is ensured. Meanwhile, the problems that the gap is reduced due to the fact that the groove 3 shrinks after the sizing block is removed and the backing block in the groove 3 needs to be cleaned by the air gouging and the groove 3 needs to be polished again, so that the backing block is not completely melted and the like are solved, and the production efficiency and the welding quality are further improved.
S3, assembling H-shaped steel; and assembling the web plate, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate into a whole on the H-shaped steel assembling machine by adopting spot welding.
The web plate, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate are assembled into a whole on an H-shaped steel assembling machine and are fixed by spot welding, the spot welding avoids a welding seam cushion layer 4 (pile welding seam), and the quality of the spot welding is consistent with the requirement of the welding seam of the T-shaped joint.
S4, welding a T-shaped joint combined weld; dividing the T-shaped joint combination weld joint into a priming layer 5, a filling layer 6 and a covering surface layer 7, wherein 80% Ar + 20% CO is adopted2Gas shielded welding primer layer 5, CO2The gas shielded welding is used for welding the filling layer 6, and the welding of the cover filling layer 7 adopts automatic submerged arc welding.
As shown in FIG. 3, the T-shaped joint composite weld is divided into three parts, namely a priming layer 5, a filling layer 6 and a covering surface layer 7. The traditional method usually adopts carbon dioxide gas shielded welding for priming, and the splashing is large. And the groove 3 is deep, so that the splash is difficult to clean. When submerged arc welding filling is adopted, because the groove 3 and a molten pool cannot be observed during submerged arc welding, the non-fusion defect is easily caused by the arc deflection condition, and the cleaning of the submerged arc welding slag in the groove 3 is difficult.
The embodiment of the invention adopts 80% Ar + 20% CO2Gas shielded welding primer and CO2Gas shielded welding filling, 80% Ar + 20% CO2The gas shielded welding has the characteristics of large fusion depth, small splashing and the like, and easily ensures the penetration of the bottom layer. By using CO2And filling by gas shielded welding, and adopting open arc welding, so that the condition of a welding pool is easily observed, and the quality of a welding seam in the groove 3 is ensured. The depth of the T-shaped joint welding groove 3 is kept to be 2-3 mm without filling, the cover surface filling layer 7 is welded by adopting automatic submerged-arc welding, and the welding seam is formed to be attractive after the cover surface is automatically submerged-arc welded.
In one embodiment, step S1 is performed, first, flame cutting is performed to cut the web into K-shaped grooves, and a machining allowance is reserved; then, a U (J) -shaped groove 3 is adopted to machine into a double-sided U (J) -shaped groove 3. The web plate groove 3 adopts a combined processing method, firstly adopts flame cutting to cut the web plate into a K-shaped groove, reserves a small amount of machining allowance (such as about 2mm), and then uses a U (J) shaped groove machine to process and form the U (J) shaped groove 3 for one time. Not only improves the production efficiency, but also ensures the precision of the groove 3.
In one embodiment, the reserved machining allowance is between 1.5mm and 2.5 mm.
In one embodiment, when the web has a thickness of 40mm, the weld pad layer 4 has a thickness of 3mm and a diameter of 15 mm.
In one embodiment, in step S4, after the welding of the filling layer 6 is completed, the depth of the T-shaped joint welding groove 3 is kept to be 2-3 mm, so as to facilitate the subsequent welding of the cover filling layer 7, and make the weld joint formed after the cover surface of the submerged-arc welding beautiful.
In one embodiment, when the welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is used for welding the bottom layer 5, the welding current is 220-250A, and the welding speed is 550-650 mm/min. In order to ensure the penetration of the backing weld and reduce the gap shrinkage of the groove 3, a large welding current and a large welding speed are adopted, the backing weld current is 220-250A (the diameter of a welding wire is 1.2mm), and the welding speed is about 600 mm/min. Meanwhile, the gas shielded welding is open arc welding, so that the condition of a welding pool is easy to observe, and the quality of a welding seam in the groove 3 is ensured.
In one embodiment, groove 3 has a blunt thickness of 1 mm.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A thick plate T-shaped joint penetration welding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, processing a web plate groove; adopting a combined processing method, firstly adopting flame cutting to process, and then adopting mechanical processing to finally form a U (J) -shaped groove;
s2, overlaying a weld seam cushion layer; overlaying welding is carried out on the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, the quality of an overlaying welding seam is consistent with the requirement of a T-shaped joint welding seam, and the thickness of a welding seam cushion layer is determined according to the thickness of a web plate;
s3, assembling H-shaped steel; assembling the web plate, the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate into a whole by adopting spot welding on an H-shaped steel assembling machine;
s4, welding a T-shaped joint combined weld; the T-shaped joint combined weld joint is divided into a priming layer, a filling layer and a cover layer, wherein 80% Ar + 20% CO is adopted2Gas shielded welding primer layer, CO2And welding the filling layer by gas shielded welding, and adopting submerged arc welding for welding the cover surface layer.
2. The method of fusion welding a thick plate T-joint as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
step S1 is carried out, firstly, flame cutting is adopted, a web plate is cut into a K-shaped groove, and machining allowance is reserved; and then a U-shaped groove machine is adopted to process the double-sided U-shaped groove.
3. The method of fusion welding a thick plate T-joint as set forth in claim 2, wherein:
the reserved machining allowance is between 1.5mm and 2.5 mm.
4. The method of fusion welding a thick plate T-joint as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
when the thickness of the web plate is 40mm, the thickness of the welding seam cushion layer is 3mm, and the diameter of the welding seam cushion layer is 15 mm.
5. The method of fusion welding a thick plate T-joint as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
in the step S4, after the filling layer is welded, the depth of a T-shaped joint welding groove is kept to be 2-3 mm, so that the cover surface layer can be welded subsequently.
6. The method of fusion welding a thick plate T-joint as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
when the welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is adopted for welding the bottom layer, the welding current is 220-250A, and the welding speed is 550-650 mm/min.
7. The method of fusion welding a thick plate T-joint as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the blunt edge thickness of the groove is 1 mm.
8. The method of fusion welding a thick plate T-joint as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
in step S4, 80% Ar + 20% CO is used2Gas shielded welding primer layer, CO2And welding the filling layer by gas shielded welding, and adopting submerged arc welding for welding the cover surface layer.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115365607A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-11-22 | 中国电建集团江西省水电工程局有限公司 | Welding device and welding method for thick plate T-shaped joint |
| CN117428361A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-23 | 上海核工程研究设计院股份有限公司 | Method for improving welding seam quality of structural module member of nuclear grade pressure equipment |
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