CN113874479A - Metal working oil - Google Patents
Metal working oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113874479A CN113874479A CN202080040605.7A CN202080040605A CN113874479A CN 113874479 A CN113874479 A CN 113874479A CN 202080040605 A CN202080040605 A CN 202080040605A CN 113874479 A CN113874479 A CN 113874479A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- metal working
- working oil
- mass
- oil according
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 146
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical class CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-LLWMBOQKSA-N 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC AFSHUZFNMVJNKX-LLWMBOQKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWHLKYXPLRWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl trisulfide Chemical compound CSSSC YWHLKYXPLRWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HPEUJPJOZXNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC HPEUJPJOZXNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCCO GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N ricinoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- XSMIOONHPKRREI-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCO XSMIOONHPKRREI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-KTKRTIGZSA-N (15Z)-tetracosenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZKIRNCACNZXACZ-VFQQELCFSA-N (2r,3r,4r,5s)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO ZKIRNCACNZXACZ-VFQQELCFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVUYNWCKWXAGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (ethoxydisulfanyl)oxyethane Chemical compound CCOSSOCC WVUYNWCKWXAGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083957 1,2-butanediol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LMMTVYUCEFJZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-pentanetriol Chemical compound OCCC(O)CCO LMMTVYUCEFJZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,9-Nonanediol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCO ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCC(CO)(CO)CO SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butoxymethyl]-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CC)(CO)CO WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNAWKNVDKFZFSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(C)(CO)CO VNAWKNVDKFZFSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXEXTWFZDQTOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-(2-methylundecan-2-yltrisulfanyl)undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)(C)SSSC(C)(C)CCCCCCCCC JXEXTWFZDQTOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVZZUPJFERSVRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCC(C)(CO)CO JVZZUPJFERSVRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CO QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC(O)=O XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
- C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/70—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/043—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
- C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C10N2040/20—Metal working
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Abstract
Provided is a metal working oil comprising a base oil (A) and a compound (B) which is liquid at a pressure of 0.1MPa and undergoes a phase transition from liquid to solid as the pressure increases from a range of 0.1MPa to 300 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a metal working oil.
Background
For a metal working oil for plastic working used in pressing, drawing, ironing, bending, rolling, cold forging, etc. of a metal material, lubricity such as seizure resistance is required in order to be used under severe lubricating conditions.
For example, patent document 1 describes a lubricating oil composition for plastic working containing 5 to 99 mass% of zinc dithiophosphate having a specific structure, 1 to 95 mass% of a metal salt of a sulfonic acid, and 0 to 80 mass% of a base oil, for the purpose of providing a lubricating oil composition for plastic working such as press working or cold forging which has excellent lubricity and can be used even under severe lubricating conditions.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2013-173957.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
Under such circumstances, a new metal working oil is required.
Means for solving the problems
The invention provides a metal working oil, which contains a base oil and a compound which is liquid under normal pressure and changes phase from liquid to solid under the condition of pressure rise.
Namely, the present invention provides the following [ 1] to [ 14 ].
[1] A metalworking oil, comprising: a base oil (a) and a compound (B) which is liquid at a pressure of 0.1MPa and undergoes a phase change from liquid to solid with an increase in pressure from the range of 0.1MPa to 300 MPa.
[2] The metal working oil according to the above [ 1], wherein the kinematic viscosity of the metal working oil at 40 ℃ is 100mm2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
[3] The metal working oil according to the above [ 1] or [ 2], wherein the component (B) contains 1 or more compounds selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid esters, carboxylic acids, and alcohols, which undergo the aforementioned phase transition.
[4] The metal working oil according to the above [ 3 ], wherein the carboxylic ester is a saturated carboxylic ester,
the carboxylic acid is a saturated carboxylic acid,
the alcohol is a saturated alcohol.
[5] The metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 4 ], wherein the component (B) contains a compound which undergoes the phase transition and is represented by any one of the following general formulae (B-1) to (B-3),
[ chemical formula 1]
(in the above formula, R1、R2And R3Each independently is an alkyl group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, R4Is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. ).
[6] The metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 5 ], wherein the content of the component (B) is 0.1 to 50% by mass based on the total amount of the metal working oil.
[7] The metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 6 ], further comprising a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent (C).
[8] The metalworking oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 7 ], wherein the content of the component (C) in terms of sulfur atoms is 6.5% by mass or more based on the total amount of the metalworking oil.
[9] The metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 8 ], further comprising 1 or more compounds (D) not belonging to the component (B) and selected from fatty acids and fatty acid esters.
[10] The metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 9 ], further comprising a pour point depressant (E).
[11] The metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 10 ], wherein a content of water is less than 1.0% by mass based on a total amount of the metal working oil.
[12] The metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 11 ], which is used for cold forging of a metal material.
[13] Use of the metal working oil according to any one of the above [ 1] to [ 12 ] for cold forging of a metal material.
[14] A metal working method, wherein cold forging of a metal material is performed using the metal working oil according to any one of [ 1] to [ 12 ].
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is excellent in workability of a metal material, and the metal working oil according to a more preferable embodiment of the present invention is excellent in balance between low viscosity and seizure resistance, and is particularly suitable for cold forging of a metal material.
Brief description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of a high-voltage test apparatus for confirming a phase transition behavior.
Detailed Description
The numerical ranges described in the present specification may be any combination of upper and lower limits. For example, when the numerical range is described as "preferably 30 to 100, more preferably 40 to 80", the range of "30 to 80" and the range of "40 to 100" are also included in the numerical range described in the present specification. For example, when the numerical range is described as "preferably 30 or more, more preferably 40 or more, and preferably 100 or less, more preferably 80 or less", the range of "30 to 80" and the range of "40 to 100" are also included in the numerical range described in the present specification.
In addition, as the numerical range described in the present specification, for example, the description of "60 to 100" means a range of "60 to 100 inclusive".
[ constitution of Metal working oil ]
Conventional metal working oils for plastic working are used, for example, by adjusting the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ to a value exceeding 100mm2And/s, suppressing sintering on the metal material. However, since such a high-viscosity metal working oil is poor in workability, there is a problem that it is difficult to supply the metal working oil to the metal material. In addition, the metal working oil with high viscosity may cause the disadvantage that the metal working oil is used in a low temperature environmentWhen used, the viscosity increases, which leads to a decrease in fluidity, and in some cases, the metal working oil solidifies during the processing of the metal material.
On the other hand, the low-viscosity metal working oil can suppress the above-mentioned problems, but has a problem in that sintering is likely to occur in the metal material. In particular, when the method is used for cold forging, there is a problem that the frequency of occurrence of sintering on a metal material is increased.
In order to solve the above problems, the metal working oil of the present invention is prepared to contain a base oil (a) and a compound (B) which is liquid under a pressure of 0.1MPa and undergoes a phase change from liquid to solid with an increase in pressure from 0.1MPa to 300MPa (hereinafter, also referred to as "phase change compound").
The phase change compound used as the component (B) is liquid under normal pressure (under a pressure of 0.1 MPa), and therefore, the workability of the metal working oil can be favorably maintained. Further, even when a high-viscosity base oil is used as the base oil (a), since the phase change compound of the component (B) is liquid under normal pressure, a metal working oil having good workability can be obtained by containing the phase change compound.
Further, the phase change compound used as the component (B) is considered to be solidified on the surface of the metal material as the material to be processed when it is formed at a high pressure during plastic working, and to form a strong oil film, and the metal working oil of the present invention can effectively suppress the occurrence of sintering on the metal material.
Therefore, the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is excellent in the balance between low viscosity and seizure resistance, and is particularly suitable for cold forging of a metal material.
The kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 100mm from the viewpoint of forming the metal working oil with good workability2Less than s, more preferably 90mm2(ii) less than s, more preferably 80mm2Less than s, more preferably 70mm2Less than s, and from holdFrom the viewpoint of a strong oil film and reduction of evaporation loss, it is preferably 10mm2More preferably 20 mm/s or more2At least s, more preferably 30mm2More preferably 40 mm/s or more2More than s.
From the same viewpoint as described above, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 12.0mm2(ii) less than s, more preferably 11.0mm2A thickness of 10.0mm or less is more preferable2A thickness of 9.0mm or less is more preferable2A value of not more than s, preferably 2.0mm2Is more than or equal to s, and is more preferably 3.0mm2At least s, more preferably 4.0mm2More preferably 4.5 mm/s or more2More than s.
The viscosity index of the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 60 or more, more preferably 70 or more, still more preferably 80 or more, and still more preferably 85 or more.
Note that, in the present specification, kinematic viscosity and viscosity index refer to a viscosity index according to JIS K2283: 2000 measured and calculated values.
The metalworking oil according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably further contains at least 1 kind selected from the group consisting of a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent (C), 1 or more kinds of compounds (D) selected from the group consisting of fatty acids and fatty acid esters, which do not belong to the component (B), and a pour point depressant (E), more preferably contains 2 or more kinds selected from the group consisting of the components (C), (D), and (E), and further preferably contains the components (C), (D), and (E) together.
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain other components than the components (a) to (E) described above within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the total content of the components (a) and (B) is preferably 25 to 100% by mass, more preferably 35 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 45 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 55 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 60 to 100% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the total content of the components (a), (B), (C), (D), and (E) is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 60 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 90 to 100% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil.
Hereinafter, details of each component contained in the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.
< ingredient (A): base oil
The base oil (a) used in one embodiment of the present invention includes 1 or more kinds selected from mineral oils and synthetic oils.
Examples of the mineral oil include atmospheric residues obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oils such as paraffinic crude oils, intermediate crude oils, and naphthenic crude oils; a distillate obtained by subjecting the atmospheric residue to vacuum distillation; and refined oils obtained by subjecting the distillate to one or more refining treatments such as solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, and hydrofinishing.
Examples of the synthetic oil include polyalphaolefins such as α -olefin homopolymers and α -olefin copolymers (for example, α -olefin copolymers having 8 to 14 carbon atoms such as ethylene- α -olefin copolymers); an isoparaffin; a polyalkylene glycol; ester oils such as polyol esters, dibasic acid esters, and phosphoric acid esters; ether oils such as polyphenylene ether; an alkylbenzene; an alkyl naphthalene; synthetic oils (GTL) obtained by isomerizing waxes produced from natural gas (GTL waxes (synthetic oil waxes produced from natural gas)) by the fischer-tropsch process or the like.
The kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the base oil (A) used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 10mm from the viewpoint of forming a metal working oil having further improved seizure resistance2More preferably 20 mm/s or more2More preferably 30mm or more in terms of the thickness of the film2(ii) at least s, more preferably 40mm2Is more than or equal to s, and is more preferably 100mm2At least s, more preferably 200mm2More preferably 300 mm/s or more2More preferably 350 mm/s or more2More than s, particularly preferably 400mm2More than s.
It should be noted that the kinematic viscosity of the metal working oil of the present invention is 100mm even when the oil is used at 40 ℃2The base oil (a) is a base oil having a viscosity of at least s, and contains a phase transition compound of the component (B) that is liquid under normal pressure (under a pressure of 0.1 MPa), so that the kinematic viscosity of the metal working oil can be appropriately adjusted, and the metal working oil can be formed with good workability.
On the other hand, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the base oil (A) used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 1000mm2Less than s, more preferably 900mm2Is less than or equal to s, and is more preferably 800mm2A thickness of 700mm or less, more preferably 700mm2Less than s, particularly preferably 600mm2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
From the same viewpoint as described above, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of the base oil (A) used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 2.0mm2Is more than or equal to s, and is more preferably 3.0mm2(ii) at least s, more preferably 4.0mm2(ii) at least s, more preferably 4.5mm2At least s, more preferably 7.0mm2At least s, more preferably 10.0mm2More preferably 12.5 mm/s or more2A thickness of 15.0mm or more, particularly preferably2A thickness of 40.0mm or more2Less than s, more preferably 35.0mm2A thickness of 30.0mm or less, preferably2A thickness of 27.0mm or less is more preferable2A thickness of 25.0mm or less, particularly preferably2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
The viscosity index of the base oil (a) used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 5 or more, further preferably 10 or more, further preferably 20 or more, and particularly preferably 30 or more.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when a mixed oil in which 2 or more base oils are combined is used as the base oil (a), the kinematic viscosity and viscosity index of the mixed oil are preferably in the above ranges.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (a) is preferably 20 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 30 to 95% by mass, still more preferably 35 to 90% by mass, yet more preferably 40 to 80% by mass, and particularly preferably 45 to 70% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil.
< ingredient (B): phase transition compound
The metal working oil of the present invention contains a compound (B) that undergoes a phase transition from a liquid to a solid under a pressure rise in the range from 0.1MPa to 300 MPa.
Component (B) is liquid at normal pressure (pressure of 0.1 MPa), but becomes solid at elevated pressures up to 300 MPa. Therefore, it is considered that when the pressure is high during plastic working, the component (B) contained in the metal working oil solidifies on the surface of the metal material as the workpiece, and thereby a strong oil film can be formed. As a result, it is considered that the metal working oil of the present invention effectively exhibits excellent seizure resistance during plastic working.
In the present specification, whether or not the "phase-change compound" belonging to the component (B) is contained can be confirmed by using, for example, a high-pressure test apparatus for confirming the phase-change behavior as shown in fig. 1. The specific confirmation method can be determined based on the method described in the embodiment described later.
The component (B) used in the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention may be a compound that undergoes a phase transition from a liquid to a solid under a pressure rise in a range from 0.1MPa to 300MPa, and preferably contains 1 or more compounds that undergo the phase transition selected from carboxylic acid esters, carboxylic acids, and alcohols.
In the metalworking oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content ratio of the compound having undergone the phase transition selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid ester, a carboxylic acid and an alcohol is preferably 60 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 90 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 95 to 100% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the component (B) contained in the metalworking oil.
The saturated compounds tend to undergo the phase transition more easily than the unsaturated compounds.
Therefore, it is preferable that the carboxylic acid ester is a saturated carboxylic acid ester, the carboxylic acid is a saturated carboxylic acid, and the alcohol is a saturated alcohol.
In addition, from the viewpoint of easiness of occurrence of the phase transition, the component (B) preferably contains a compound having an alkyl group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, and more preferably contains a compound having an alkyl group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms selected from a saturated carboxylic acid ester, a saturated carboxylic acid and a saturated alcohol.
That is, the component (B) used in the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably further contains a compound that undergoes the phase transition and is represented by any one of the following general formulae (B-1) to (B-3).
[ chemical formula 2]
In the above formula, R1、R2And R3Each independently is an alkyl group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, R4Is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
Can be selected as R1、R2And R3The alkyl group in (b) may be a straight-chain alkyl group or a branched-chain alkyl group, and is preferably a straight-chain alkyl group from the viewpoint of easiness of occurrence of the phase transition.
As can be selected as R1、R2And R3The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is preferably 9 to 39, more preferably 9 to 29, still more preferably 10 to 23, and still more preferably 11 to 19, from the viewpoint of easiness of occurrence of the phase transition.
As a specific R1、R2And R3Examples thereof include decyl, undecyl, dodecyl (lauryl), tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl and dodecylHeptaalkyl, octadecyl (stearyl), eicosyl, tetracosyl, and the like.
Among them, R is a number of atoms which are easy to cause the above-mentioned phase transition1、R2And R3Each independently is preferably an undecyl group, a dodecyl group (lauryl group), a tridecyl group, a tetradecyl group, a hexadecyl group, a heptadecyl group, or an octadecyl group (stearyl group), and more preferably a heptadecyl group.
In addition, can be selected as R4The alkyl group in (b) may be a straight-chain alkyl group or a branched-chain alkyl group, and is preferably a straight-chain alkyl group from the viewpoint of easiness of occurrence of the phase transition.
From the viewpoint of easiness of occurrence of the aforementioned phase transition, R can be selected as4The alkyl group has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, still more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, yet more preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1 carbon atom.
As a specific R4Examples thereof include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, isobutyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, nonyl group, decyl group and the like.
Among them, R is a number of atoms which are easy to cause the above-mentioned phase transition4Preferably, the alkyl group is a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an n-hexyl group, an n-heptyl group, or an n-octyl group, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group, or an n-hexyl group, still more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, or an n-butyl group, yet still more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content ratio of the compound undergoing the phase transition represented by any one of the general formulae (B-1) to (B-3) is preferably 60 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, even more preferably 90 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 95 to 100% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the component (B) contained in the metal working oil.
The melting point of the component (B) used in the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 10 to 70 ℃, more preferably 14 to 60 ℃, even more preferably 17 to 55 ℃, and even more preferably 25 to 50 ℃ from the viewpoint of facilitating the phase transition.
In the present specification, the melting point is a value measured by a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), specifically, a value measured by the following method.
[ method of measuring melting point by differential scanning calorimeter ]
The sample was kept at-10 ℃ for 5 minutes under nitrogen atmosphere, then heated to 190 ℃ at 10 ℃/minute, and kept at 190 ℃ for 5 minutes. Then, the temperature was lowered to-10 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and the temperature was maintained at-10 ℃ for 5 minutes. Then, the melting point (Tm) was defined as the peak observed from the melting endothermic curve obtained by heating to 190 ℃ at 10 ℃/min.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (B) is preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 1.0 to 40% by mass, even more preferably 3.0 to 35% by mass, even more preferably 5.0 to 30% by mass, and particularly preferably 7.5 to 25% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil.
< ingredient (C): sulfur-based extreme pressure agent
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably further contains a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent (C) from the viewpoint of forming the metal working oil to further improve seizure resistance.
Examples of the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent (C) used in one embodiment of the present invention include sulfurized olefins, polysulfides, sulfurized esters, thiazoles, thiadiazoles, zinc dithiophosphates, molybdenum dithiocarbamates, and powdered sulfur.
These sulfur-based extreme pressure agents (C) may be used alone or in combination of 2 or more.
Among them, the sulfur-based extreme pressure agent (C) preferably contains a polysulfide.
The polysulfide used in one embodiment of the present invention has a sulfur chain length of preferably 2 or more, more preferably 3 or more, further preferably 5 or more, and further preferably 10 or less.
Specific examples of the polysulfide include dimethyl trisulfide, diethoxydisulfide, ethylhydrosulfide, diacetyl disulfide, and di-tert-dodecyl trisulfide.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (C) is preferably 7 to 50% by mass, more preferably 10 to 45% by mass, even more preferably 12 to 40% by mass, even more preferably 15 to 35% by mass, and particularly preferably 17 to 35% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil, from the viewpoint of forming the metal working oil with further improved seizure resistance and from the viewpoint of avoiding deterioration of the working environment due to generation of odor or the like.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (C) in terms of sulfur atoms is preferably 6.5 to 30% by mass, more preferably 7.0 to 20% by mass, even more preferably 7.5 to 17% by mass, even more preferably 8.0 to 15% by mass, and particularly preferably 8.5 to 12% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil, from the above viewpoint.
In the present specification, the content of sulfur atom means the content in terms of the following formula in accordance with JIS K2541-6: 2013.
< ingredient (D): fatty acids and fatty acid esters
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably contains 1 or more compounds (D) which are not the component (B) and are selected from fatty acids and fatty acid esters, from the viewpoint of forming the metal working oil with further improved lubricity.
In the present specification, the fatty acid and the fatty acid ester that undergo a phase transition from a liquid to a solid under a pressure rise in the range of from 0.1MPa to 300MPa are contained in the above-described component (B). That is, the component (D) refers to fatty acids and fatty acid esters which do not belong to the phase transition compound.
In one embodiment of the present invention, examples of the fatty acid used as the component (D) include saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, and unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
These fatty acids may be used alone or in combination of 2 or more.
The number of carbon atoms of these fatty acids is preferably 10 to 30, more preferably 12 to 24, and still more preferably 14 to 20.
Among these, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fatty acid used as the component (D) is preferably used in combination with the component (B) and preferably contains an unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid from the viewpoint of forming a metal processing oil having more improved lubricity.
Examples of the unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid include undecylenic acid, dodecenoic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, linoleic acid, γ -linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, α -linolenic acid, stearidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, and oleic acid is preferable.
The unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid may be a hydroxy unsaturated fatty acid such as ricinoleic acid (12-hydroxyoctadeca-9-enoic acid).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fatty acid ester used as the component (D) includes esters of polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids.
The number of ester bonds in the molecule of the fatty acid ester is preferably 2 to 6.
The fatty acid ester may be a full ester or a partial ester, and a full ester is preferable.
Examples of the polyhydric alcohol constituting the fatty acid ester include diols such as ethylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 2-butanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1, 7-heptanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1, 3-propanediol, 2-diethyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1, 8-octanediol, 1, 9-nonanediol, 1, 10-decanediol, 1, 11-undecanediol, and 1, 12-dodecanediol; trihydric or higher alcohols such as trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, ditrimethylolpropane, tris (trimethylolpropane), pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, glycerol, polyglycerin (2-3-mer of glycerol), 1,3, 5-pentanetriol, sorbitol, sorbitan, sorbitol glycerol condensate, adonitol, arabitol, xylitol, and mannitol; xylose, arabinose, ribose, rhamnose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, sorbose, cellobiose and the like.
These polyols may be used alone, or 2 or more of them may be used in combination.
On the other hand, examples of the fatty acid constituting the fatty acid ester include saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, and unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, and preferably 1 or more selected from the group consisting of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.
Examples of the saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid include caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, pelargonic acid, isononanoic acid, capric acid, neodecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, and lignoceric acid.
Examples of the unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid include those similar to the above-mentioned "fatty acid" which can be selected as the component (D).
In the metalworking oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (D) is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 25% by mass, even more preferably 1.0 to 20% by mass, even more preferably 1.5 to 15% by mass, and particularly preferably 2.0 to 10% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metalworking oil, from the viewpoint of providing a metalworking oil having improved lubricity.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (D) is preferably 1 to 200 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 150 parts by mass, even more preferably 10 to 100 parts by mass, even more preferably 15 to 70 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 20 to 50 parts by mass, from the same viewpoint as described above, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the component (B).
< ingredient (E): pour point depressant
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably contains a pour point depressant (E) from the viewpoint of forming a metal working oil having good low-temperature fluidity.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, even when the pour point depressant (E) is contained, seizure resistance can be satisfactorily maintained.
Examples of the component (E) used in one embodiment of the present invention include an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a condensate of chlorinated paraffin and naphthalene, a condensate of chlorinated paraffin and phenol, polymethacrylate, polyalkylstyrene, and the like.
These components (E) may be used alone, or 2 or more of them may be used in combination.
Among them, the component (E) preferably contains 1 or more selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and polymethacrylates.
The mass average molecular weight (Mw) of the component (E) is usually 50000 to 150000.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (E) is preferably 0.001 to 7.0% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 5.0% by mass, even more preferably 0.1 to 3.0% by mass, and even more preferably 0.3 to 2.0% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil, from the viewpoint of forming a metal working oil having good low-temperature fluidity and good seizure resistance.
< other ingredients >
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention may further contain other components than the components (a) to (E) as necessary within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
Examples of such other components include antioxidants, extreme pressure agents other than the component (C), oil improvers other than the component (D), degreasing agents, and antifoaming agents.
Examples of the antioxidant include amine antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine, phenylnaphthylamine, and alkylated phenylnaphthylamine; phenol-based antioxidants such as 2, 6-di-t-butylphenol, 4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-t-butylphenol), isooctyl 3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and n-octadecyl 3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the antioxidant is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil.
Examples of the extreme pressure agent other than the component (C) include phosphate esters (tricresyl phosphate, triolefin phosphate, etc.), acidic phosphate esters (monoolefinil acid phosphate, diolein acid phosphate, etc.), acidic phosphate amine salts (oleyl amine salts of monoolefinil acid phosphate, etc.), phosphite esters (diolein acid phosphate, tridecyl phosphite, trinonylphenyl phosphite, etc.), fats and oils (tallow, lard, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, coconut oil, palm oil, etc.), etc.
In the metalworking oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the extreme pressure agent other than the component (C) is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 3% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metalworking oil.
Examples of the oiliness improver other than the component (D) include polymers of polymerized fatty acids such as dimer acid and hydrogenated dimer acid; aliphatic saturated or unsaturated monoalcohols such as lauryl alcohol and oleyl alcohol; aliphatic saturated or unsaturated monoamines such as stearylamine and oleylamine; aliphatic saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid amides such as lauramide and oleamide.
In the metalworking oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the oil improver other than the component (D) is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1 to 3% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metalworking oil.
Examples of the degreasing agent include alkenyl sulfosuccinic acid.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the degreasing agent is preferably 0.001 to 5% by mass based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil.
Examples of the defoaming agent include methyl silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, and polyacrylate.
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the defoaming agent is preferably 0.0001 to 2% by mass, and more preferably 0.001 to 1% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil.
< method for producing metalworking oil >
The method for producing a metal working oil according to an embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a method including a step of blending the components (a) to (B) and, if necessary, the components (C) to (E) with other components is preferable. The order of compounding of the respective ingredients can be set as appropriate.
< various Properties of Metal working oil >
In the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the content of sulfur atoms is preferably 6.5% by mass or more, more preferably 7.0% by mass or more, further preferably 7.5% by mass or more, further preferably 8.0% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 8.5% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of forming a metal working oil that further improves seizure resistance, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the metal working oil, and is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, further preferably 17% by mass or less, further preferably 15% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 12% by mass, from the viewpoint of avoiding deterioration of the working environment due to odor generation or the like.
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably used in the form of an oil agent, and is distinguished from a water-soluble metal working oil agent used by being diluted with water.
Therefore, in the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the smaller the water content is, the more preferable the metal working oil is from the viewpoint of stability and suppression of corrosion of a metal material to be worked, and specifically, the water content is preferably less than 1.0 mass%, more preferably less than 0.1 mass%, still more preferably less than 0.01 mass%, and still more preferably less than 0.001 mass% based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the metal working oil.
As the maximum reduction of area in a ball pass test performed by the method of the example described later, the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 6% or more, and still more preferably 8% or more.
[ use of Metal working oil, Metal working method ]
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is excellent in the balance between low viscosity and seizure resistance. Therefore, the metal working oil is suitable for plastic working of metal materials.
The metal material to be processed using the metal processing oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include iron alloys such as steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, and surface-treated steel, and non-iron alloys such as aluminum alloy, copper, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, niobium alloy, tantalum alloy, molybdenum alloy, and tungsten alloy.
The metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention can be suitably used for the above-described press working, drawing working, ironing, bending working, rolling working, cold forging working, and the like of the metal material, and is particularly preferably used for the cold forging working of the metal material.
Therefore, the present invention also provides the following solutions.
[ 1] the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied to cold forging of a metal material.
A metal working method of cold forging a metal material using the metal working oil according to one embodiment of the present invention.
The details of the metal material and the metal working oil described in [ 1] and [ 2] above are as described above.
In the application of the above [ 1] and the metal working method of the above [ 2], the metal working oil is used in contact with a metal material as a workpiece.
Examples
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The methods of measuring various physical properties and the method of confirming the presence or absence of a phase transition from a liquid to a solid under an increased pressure are as follows.
(1) Kinematic viscosity, viscosity index
According to JIS K2283: 2000 were measured and calculated.
(2) Content of sulfur atom
According to JIS K2541-6: 2013 for measurement.
(3) Melting Point
The measurement was carried out by the following method using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC).
The sample was kept at-10 ℃ for 5 minutes under nitrogen atmosphere, then heated to 190 ℃ at 10 ℃/minute, and kept at 190 ℃ for 5 minutes. Then, the temperature was lowered to-10 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and the temperature was maintained at-10 ℃ for 5 minutes. Then, the melting point (Tm) was defined as the peak observed from the melting endothermic curve obtained by heating to 190 ℃ at 10 ℃/min.
(4) Flow point
Measured according to JIS K2269.
(5) Confirming the presence or absence of a phase transition from liquid to solid under elevated pressure
Using a high-pressure test apparatus for confirming the phase transition behavior as shown in fig. 1, the presence or absence of the phase transition from liquid to solid of the target component under the pressure increase was confirmed.
The high-voltage test apparatus 1 for confirming the phase transition behavior shown in fig. 1 has 2 observation windows 11 and 12 at positions facing each other on a straight line in the horizontal direction on the side surface of a cylindrical space 10 in which a compound to be measured is placed, an LED light source 20 is provided outside the space 10 of one observation window 11, and an optical microscope 30 is provided outside the cylindrical space 10 of the other observation window 12. The LED light source 20, the observation window 11, the observation window 12, and the optical microscope 30 are arranged on a straight line so as to be parallel in the horizontal direction. Further, a plunger 40 movable in the vertical direction is provided above the cylindrical space 10, and is designed so that the compound to be measured placed in the cylindrical space 10 can be pressurized by applying a load in the vertical direction.
Using the high-pressure test apparatus 1 for confirming the phase transition behavior, first, a compound to be measured is put into the cylindrical space 10. Then, the state of the compound when pressure was applied to the compound was photographed in animation by lowering the plunger 40 at 30 ℃ and observing the compound with the optical microscope 30. Then, according to the animation, the pressure at which the compound changes from a liquid to a solid is referred to as "phase transition pressure (MPa)", and the presence or absence of a phase transition is checked.
Examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6
The components (a) to (D) and the pour point depressant were compounded in the kinds and compounding amounts shown in table 1 to prepare metal working oils, respectively.
The details of each component used for the production of these metal working oils are as follows.
[ component (A): base oil ]
Zine naphthene base oil (a-1): kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 484.7mm2A naphthenic base oil having a viscosity index of 36/s.
Zine naphthene base oil (a-2): kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 27.77mm2A naphthenic base oil having a viscosity index of 2/s.
Zine naphthene base oil (a-3): kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 45.40mm2A naphthenic base oil having a viscosity index of 27.
[ component (B): phase-change compounds ]
Harvesting and planting of methyl stearate: r in the aforementioned general formula (b-1)1Alkyl of ═ C17, R4A compound of the group methyl. A phase transition compound which was liquid at 0.1MPa and was confirmed to have a phase transition from liquid to solid at a phase transition pressure of 75 MPa. The melting point is 37-41 ℃.
Seeding of butyl stearate: r in the aforementioned general formula (b-1)1Alkyl of ═ C17, R4N-butyl compound. A phase transition compound which was liquid at 0.1MPa and was confirmed to have a phase transition from liquid to solid at a phase transition pressure of 160 MPa. Melting point 17 ^ up22℃。
[ component (C): sulfur-based extreme pressure agents
Seed or seed sulfur
Seed polysulfide: polysulfide having an average sulfur chain length of 5.
[ component (D): fatty acids and fatty acid esters not being phase-transition compounds ]
Seed and oil acids: a component which is liquid under a pressure of 0.1 to 300MPa and does not cause phase change. Melting point 13.4 ℃.
Seeding secondary pentaerythritol ester: a component which is liquid at a pressure of 0.1 to 300MPa and in which no phase change is observed. The pour point was 2.5 ℃.
Seed triglycerides: : a component which is liquid at a pressure of 0.1 to 300MPa and in which no phase change is observed. The pour point was 7.5 ℃.
[ component (E): pour point depressant
Seed polymethacrylate
The prepared metal working oil was subjected to ball pass test by measuring or calculating kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, and sulfur atom content at 40 ℃ and 100 ℃ and evaluating seizure resistance. These results are shown in Table 1.
[ ball passing test ]
The ball passing test was carried out according to the method described in "plasticity and processing" volume 34 (No. 393) page 1178-1183 (1993) of the Japan society for Plastic engineering
First, the metal working oil prepared in examples and comparative examples was applied to the cylinder of a cylindrical test piece, and the sintering state of the inner wall of the test piece was observed when a steel ball was inserted into the cylinder from one end and passed through the cylinder. In addition, test pieces were prepared in which the inner diameters of the tubes of the test pieces were adjusted so that the reduction of area (area of the test piece which changed after insertion in the direction of insertion of the steel ball based on the initial area) became 4%, 6%, and 8%.
Then, a ball passing test was performed using test pieces having a reduction of area of 4%, 6%, and 8%, respectively, and the sintered state in the cylinder after the test was observed and compared with a standard sintered sample to confirm the presence or absence of sintering. In the case of using each of the metal processing oils, the test piece with the smallest reduction of area among the test pieces in which the occurrence of sintering was confirmed was defined as the "maximum reduction of area in the ball passage test" of the metal processing oil. The higher the maximum reduction of area, the more excellent the seizure resistance.
The conditions for the ball passing test are as follows.
Seed and seed: 30.00mm in outside diameter, 15.00mm in inside diameter (reduction of area 4%), 14.50mm (reduction of area 6%), 15.00mm (reduction of area 8%), and S10C in material
Planting steel balls: 15.88mm in outside diameter (reduction of area: 4% or 6%), 16.67mm (reduction of area: 8% or 10%), SUJ2 in material
The plugging speed of the seed planting steel ball into the mouth of the test piece is 200 mm/s.
[ TABLE 1]
As shown in Table 1, the results that the metal processing oils prepared in examples 1 to 4 had low viscosity, and the maximum reduction of area in the ball pass test was as high as 6% or more, and they were excellent in seizure resistance. It is also understood that the metal working oils of examples 3 and 4 contain a pour point depressant, but maintain good seizure resistance even when compared to examples 1 and 2.
On the other hand, the metal processing oils prepared in comparative examples 1 to 6 had poor at least one of low viscosity and seizure resistance.
Description of the symbols
1 high-voltage test device for confirming phase change behavior
10 cylindrical space
11. 12 observation window
20 LED light source
30 optical microscope
40 plunger
Claims (14)
1. A metalworking oil, comprising: a base oil (a) and a compound (B) which is liquid at a pressure of 0.1MPa and undergoes a phase change from liquid to solid with an increase in pressure from the range of 0.1MPa to 300 MPa.
2. The metalworking oil of claim 1, wherein the metalworking oil has a kinematic viscosity of 100mm at 40 ℃2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
3. The metal processing oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component (B) contains 1 or more compounds selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid esters, carboxylic acids, and alcohols that undergo the phase transition.
4. The metal working oil of claim 3, wherein the carboxylic acid ester is a saturated carboxylic acid ester,
the carboxylic acid is a saturated carboxylic acid, and the carboxylic acid is a saturated carboxylic acid,
the alcohol is a saturated alcohol.
5. The metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the component (B) comprises a compound which undergoes the phase transition and is represented by any one of the following general formulae (B-1) to (B-3),
[ chemical formula 1]
In the above formula, R1、R2And R3Each independently is an alkyl group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, R4Is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
6. The metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the content of the component (B) is 0.1 to 50% by mass based on the total amount of the metal working oil.
7. The metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent (C).
8. The metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the content of the component (C) in terms of sulfur atoms is 6.5% by mass or more based on the total amount of the metal working oil.
9. The metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising 1 or more compounds (D) which are not the component (B) and are selected from fatty acids and fatty acid esters.
10. The metalworking oil of any of claims 1-9, further comprising a pour point depressant (E).
11. The metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the content of water is less than 1.0 mass% based on the total amount of the metal working oil.
12. The metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is used for cold forging of a metal material.
13. Use of the metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 12 for cold forging of a metal material.
14. A metal working method, wherein a cold forging process of a metal material is performed using the metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
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| JP2002038181A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-02-06 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Lubricating oil composition |
| US20050241990A1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-03 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method of operating a wormgear drive at high energy efficiency |
| JP2008013682A (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | Metal working fluid composition |
| JP2010195912A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-09 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Lubricant for press-working stainless alloy plate or steel plate, and method for press-working stainless alloy plate or steel plate therewith |
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| JP2001354984A (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-12-25 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Metal processing lubricant |
| JP4392154B2 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2009-12-24 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | Metal processing oil |
| JP2015189929A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | 出光興産株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition for metal processing |
| JP6957145B2 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2021-11-02 | Ｅｎｅｏｓ株式会社 | Metalworking oil composition |
| JP6807288B2 (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2021-01-06 | Ｅｎｅｏｓ株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition for manual transmission |
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| JP2002038181A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-02-06 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Lubricating oil composition |
| US20050241990A1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-03 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method of operating a wormgear drive at high energy efficiency |
| JP2008013682A (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | Metal working fluid composition |
| JP2010195912A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-09 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Lubricant for press-working stainless alloy plate or steel plate, and method for press-working stainless alloy plate or steel plate therewith |
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