CN113872272A - High-performance standby battery charging circuit - Google Patents
High-performance standby battery charging circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113872272A CN113872272A CN202111072497.4A CN202111072497A CN113872272A CN 113872272 A CN113872272 A CN 113872272A CN 202111072497 A CN202111072497 A CN 202111072497A CN 113872272 A CN113872272 A CN 113872272A
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- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- backup battery
- voltage
- main power
- transistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance backup battery charging circuit, which relates to the technical field of power supplies, when a main power supply charges a backup battery by using the backup battery charging circuit of the application, a conducting transistor positioned on a charging channel and a transistor in a reverse flow prevention circuit are all conducted until the voltage of the backup battery reaches the voltage of the main power supply, when the main power supply is reduced, a channel of the transistor on the charging channel is all cut off, so that the backup battery cannot reversely flow to the main power supply from the channel of the transistor, meanwhile, because a parasitic PN junction of the transistor in the reverse flow prevention circuit equivalently forms at least two diodes with connected cathodes, the backup battery cannot reversely flow to the main power supply from the parasitic junction of the transistor, so that the voltage of the backup battery can be kept unchanged when the voltage of the main power supply is reduced, the backup battery has better power supply capability, and the normal work of a power utilization assembly can be maintained when the backup battery is switched to supply power, and simultaneously, the working time of the electric components is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supplies, in particular to a high-performance standby battery charging circuit.
Background
The electronic product often meets the power failure or the condition of working abnormal in the working process, in order to ensure the operation reliability, a backup power supply is usually set, the general backup power supply is served by a backup battery, when the main power supply works normally, the backup battery needs to be charged until the voltage of the backup battery reaches a preset value, then the charging is finished, and the charging channel is disconnected. If the main power supply is abnormal in the running process, the main power supply can be switched to a backup power supply to supply electric quantity, so that the core module of the circuit can work normally.
A conventional backup battery charging circuit is shown in fig. 1, and includes a main power supply VDD, a PMOS transistor PM1, a diode D1, and a backup battery VBU. The source of the PMOS transistor PM1 is connected to the substrate to the main power supply VDD, the gate is connected to the control signal BU _ EN, the drain is connected to the anode of the diode D1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the backup battery VBU. When the charging circuit starts to work, the control signal BU _ EN is at a low level, and the PMOS transistor PM1 is turned on, because the battery backup VBU is not yet charged at this time, and the voltage of VBU is low, the anode voltage of the diode D1 is greater than the cathode voltage, and the diode D1 is turned on in the forward direction. Main power supply VDD starts charging backup battery VBU through PMOS transistor PM1 and diode D1. As the charging time goes by, the voltage on the backup battery VBU starts to increase until VBU becomes VDD-VD1, VD1 is the forward conducting voltage of the diode D1, at which time the charging is finished, VBU _ EN goes high, and the PMOS transistor PM1 is turned off.
In the above charging circuit, if the diode D1 is not used in the charging path, the final voltage of VBU is the same as the main power supply VDD, but when the main power supply VDD decreases, even though VBU _ EN is at a high level at this time, the channel of the PMOS transistor PM1 is not conductive, however, since a parasitic PN junction exists between the drain of PM1 and the substrate, the substrate and the source are connected to the main power supply VDD together, that is, the main power supply VDD is connected to the negative electrode of the parasitic PN junction, the backup battery VBU is connected to the positive electrode of the parasitic PN junction, when the main power supply VDD decreases, the PN junction is forward conductive, and the voltage of the backup battery VBU decreases along with the main power supply VDD, so that when the main power supply VDD decreases to trigger the backup battery VBU to supply power, the voltage of the backup battery VBU is basically low enough to maintain the normal operation of the circuit or only for a short time. The diode D1 has an effect on the charging path that when the main power supply VDD decreases, even if there is a parasitic PN junction in the PMOS transistor PM1, since the diode D1 is in a reverse bias state and is not turned on, the VBU of the backup battery will not decrease with the main power supply VDD, so that when the VBU of the backup battery is triggered to supply power, the voltage of the VBU is still the charged voltage, and the normal operation of the circuit can be maintained. Although the structure can solve the problem of back-filling of the backup battery, the maximum voltage of the VBU of the backup battery is limited to VDD-VD1, if the voltage of the main power supply VDD is already low during charging, the voltage of the VBU of the backup battery is lower and possibly lower than the normal operating voltage of the circuit, and the normal operating state of the circuit cannot be maintained even if the power supply is switched to the backup battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The present inventor proposes a high-performance battery charging circuit for a backup battery in view of the above problems and technical requirements, and the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
a high-performance backup battery charging circuit comprises a main power supply, a conducting transistor, a backflow prevention circuit and a backup battery, wherein the main power supply is connected with the backup battery through the conducting transistor and the backflow prevention circuit in sequence; the conducting transistor is controlled by the charging control signal, is conducted in the charging process and is cut off after the charging process is finished;
the anti-backflow circuit is constructed on the basis of a transistor, parasitic PN junctions of the transistor in the anti-backflow circuit equivalently form at least two diodes with connected cathodes, the anti-backflow circuit is controlled by the voltage of a main power supply and the voltage of a standby battery, the anti-backflow circuit is switched on when the voltage of the standby battery is lower than the voltage of the main power supply, and the anti-backflow circuit is switched off when the voltage of the standby battery is larger than or equal to the voltage of the main power supply.
The further technical scheme is that the maximum voltage of the backup battery is the voltage of the main power supply, and the voltage of the backup battery is kept unchanged when the voltage of the main power supply is reduced.
The further technical scheme is that the backflow preventing circuit comprises a second PMOS tube and a third PMOS tube, a source electrode of the second PMOS tube is connected with the substrate and is connected to a source electrode of the third PMOS tube and the substrate, a grid electrode of the second PMOS tube is connected with a grid electrode of the third PMOS tube and is controlled by the voltage of a main power supply and the voltage of a standby battery, a drain electrode of the second PMOS tube is connected to the conduction transistor, and a drain electrode of the third PMOS tube is connected to the standby battery.
The further technical scheme is that the standby battery charging circuit further comprises a comparator, wherein the non-inverting input end of the comparator is connected with the voltage of the standby battery, the inverting input end of the comparator is connected with the voltage of the main power supply, and the output end of the comparator is connected with the grids of the second PMOS tube and the third PMOS tube.
The charging circuit of the standby battery further comprises an adjustable resistor, wherein the adjustable resistor is connected to a charging channel from a main power supply to the standby battery, and the adjustable resistor is used for adjusting charging current.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the application discloses high performance's backup battery charging circuit, in the charging process, the transistor that switches on in transistor and the anti-flowing backwards circuit is whole to be switched on, and the main power supply charges backup battery through switching on the transistor and the anti-flowing backwards circuit, and the voltage that rises to the main power supply until backup battery. When the main power supply is lowered, the transistors in the turn-on transistor and the backflow prevention circuit are all cut off, and the channels are all cut off, so that the standby battery cannot flow backwards to the main power supply from the channels of the transistors, and meanwhile, parasitic PN junctions of the transistors in the backflow prevention circuit equivalently form at least two diodes with connected cathodes, so that the parasitic PN junctions in at least one transistor are cut off in the reverse direction, and the standby battery cannot flow backwards to the main power supply from the parasitic PN junctions of the transistors. Therefore, when the main power supply charges the standby battery by using the standby battery charging circuit, the maximum voltage of the standby battery is the voltage of the main power supply, and the maximum voltage can be kept unchanged when the voltage of the main power supply is reduced, so that the standby battery has better power supply capacity, the normal work of the power utilization assembly can be maintained when the standby battery is switched to supply power, and meanwhile, the working time of the power utilization assembly is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional backup battery charging circuit.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a backup battery charging circuit of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The application discloses high-performance backup battery charging circuit, please refer to fig. 2, and the backup battery charging circuit comprises a main power supply VDD, a pass transistor, a backflow prevention circuit and a backup battery VBU, wherein the main power supply VDD is connected with the backup battery VBU through the pass transistor and the backflow prevention circuit in sequence. The conducting transistor is controlled by a charging control signal BU _ EN, and is conducted in the charging process and is cut off after the charging process is finished. Specifically, the conducting transistor is implemented by a first PMOS transistor PM1, the source of the PM1 is connected to the substrate and connected to a main power supply VDD, the drain of the PM1 is connected to the anti-backflow circuit, the gate of the PM1 is controlled by a charging control signal BU _ EN, the charging control signal BU _ EN is at a low level during the charging process, and the charging control signal BU _ EN changes to a high level after the charging process is finished.
The anti-backflow circuit is constructed on the basis of a transistor, parasitic PN junctions of the transistor in the anti-backflow circuit equivalently form at least two diodes with connected cathodes, and the anti-backflow circuit is controlled by the voltage of a main power supply VDD and the voltage of a backup battery VBU. When the voltage of the VBU of the backup battery is lower than the voltage of the main power supply VDD, the backflow prevention circuit is conducted, and when the voltage of the VBU of the backup battery is larger than or equal to the voltage of the main power supply VDD, the backflow prevention circuit is cut off.
Based on the backup battery charging circuit, when the charging process is started, BU _ EN is at a low level, PM1 is conducted, and since the backup battery VBU is not charged yet, the voltage of the backup battery VBU is lower than a main power supply VDD, the anti-backflow circuit is conducted, and the VBU is charged by the VDD through a conducting transistor and a transistor in the anti-backflow circuit. As the charging time progresses, the voltage on VBU starts to increase, the back-flow prevention circuit is turned off until VBU equals VDD, the charging is ended, BU _ EN goes high, and PM1 is turned off. Therefore, when the main power supply VDD charges the VBU of the backup battery using the backup battery charging circuit of the present application, the maximum voltage that can be reached by the VBU of the backup battery is the voltage of the main power supply VDD, which is higher than the maximum voltage that can be reached by the configuration of fig. 1.
When the main power supply VDD is reduced, the transistors in the conducting transistor and the backflow preventing circuit are all cut off, and the channels are all cut off, so that the VBU of the standby battery can not flow back to the main power supply VDD from the channels of the transistors. Meanwhile, as the parasitic PN junction of the transistor in the backflow prevention circuit equivalently forms at least two diodes with connected cathodes, the parasitic PN junction in at least one transistor is reversely cut off, so that the VBU of the standby battery can not flow back to the main power supply VDD from the parasitic PN junction of the transistor. The voltage of the VBU of the standby battery is kept unchanged when the voltage of the main power supply VDD is reduced, so that the VBU of the standby battery has better power supply capacity, the normal work of the power utilization assembly can be maintained when the VBU of the standby battery is switched to supply power, and meanwhile the working time of the power utilization assembly is prolonged.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the backflow prevention circuit includes a second PMOS transistor PM2 and a third PMOS transistor PM3, a source of the second PMOS transistor PM2 is connected to the substrate and is connected to a source of the third PMOS transistor PM3 and the substrate, a gate of the second PMOS transistor PM2 is connected to a gate of the third PMOS transistor PM3 and is controlled by a voltage of the main power VDD and the backup battery VBU, a drain of the second PMOS transistor PM2 is connected to the pass transistor, and a drain of the third PMOS transistor PM3 is connected to the backup battery VBU. The parasitic PN junctions in PM2 and PM3 are equivalent to two diodes connected in cathode, and the equivalent circuit is shown in dashed box in fig. 2, where the parasitic PN junction in PM2 is turned off in reverse when the parasitic PN junction in PM3 is turned on in the forward direction, and vice versa.
The standby battery charging circuit further comprises a comparator CMP, wherein the non-inverting input end of the comparator CMP is connected with the voltage of the standby battery VBU, the inverting input end of the comparator CMP is connected with the voltage of the main power supply VDD, and the output end of the comparator CMP is connected with the grids of the second PMOS tube PM2 and the third PMOS tube PM 3. Therefore when VBU is lower than VDD, CMP outputs a low level, causing PM2 and PM3 to turn on; when VBU rises to reach VDD, CMP outputs a high level, turning PM2 and PM3 off; when VDD decreases, CMP always outputs a high level such that PM2 and PM3 turn off.
The backup battery charging circuit further includes an adjustable resistor R1, the adjustable resistor R1 is connected to the charging path from the main power source VDD to the backup battery VBU, for example, in fig. 2, the adjustable resistor R1 is connected between the pass transistor and the anti-back-flow circuit. The adjustable resistor R1 is used to adjust the charging current, the magnitude of which affects the charging time.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. It is to be understood that other modifications and variations directly derivable or suggested by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention are to be considered as included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A high-performance backup battery charging circuit is characterized by comprising a main power supply, a conducting transistor, a backflow prevention circuit and a backup battery, wherein the main power supply is connected with the backup battery through the conducting transistor and the backflow prevention circuit in sequence; the conducting transistor is controlled by the charging control signal, is conducted in the charging process and is cut off after the charging process is finished;
the anti-backflow circuit is constructed based on a transistor, parasitic PN junctions of the transistor in the anti-backflow circuit equivalently form at least two diodes with connected cathodes, the anti-backflow circuit is controlled by the voltage of a main power supply and the voltage of a standby battery, when the voltage of the standby battery is lower than the voltage of the main power supply, the anti-backflow circuit is switched on, and when the voltage of the standby battery is larger than or equal to the voltage of the main power supply, the anti-backflow circuit is switched off.
2. The backup battery charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the maximum voltage of the backup battery is the voltage of the main power supply, and the voltage of the backup battery is maintained when the voltage of the main power supply decreases.
3. The backup battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the back-flow prevention circuit comprises a second PMOS transistor and a third PMOS transistor, wherein a source of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the substrate and connected to a source of the third PMOS transistor and the substrate, a gate of the second PMOS transistor is connected to a gate of the third PMOS transistor and controlled by voltages of a main power supply and a backup battery, a drain of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the pass transistor, and a drain of the third PMOS transistor is connected to the backup battery.
4. The backup battery charging circuit of claim 3, further comprising a comparator having a non-inverting input connected to the voltage of the backup battery, an inverting input connected to the voltage of the main power supply, and an output connected to the gates of the second and third PMOS transistors.
5. A battery backup charging circuit according to any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an adjustable resistor connected in the charging path from the main power supply to the backup battery, said adjustable resistor being adapted to adjust the charging current.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111072497.4A CN113872272A (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | High-performance standby battery charging circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111072497.4A CN113872272A (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | High-performance standby battery charging circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113872272A true CN113872272A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111072497.4A Pending CN113872272A (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | High-performance standby battery charging circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115102271A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-23 | 杭州海康消防科技有限公司 | Power supply circuit and electronic equipment |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000102182A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2000-04-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Overcharge/overdischarge preventive circuit for secondary battery |
| JP2005137196A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 2005-05-26 | Siliconix Inc | Battery disconnect switch and battery disconnect switching system |
| CN102403757A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-04-04 | 精工电子有限公司 | Charge/discharge control circuit and battery device |
| WO2013078848A1 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Terminal charging protection circuit |
| WO2018107569A1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-21 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Charging device and charging method |
| CN210669588U (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-06-02 | 东莞市盈聚电源有限公司 | Battery charging anti-backflow circuit |
-
2021
- 2021-09-14 CN CN202111072497.4A patent/CN113872272A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005137196A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 2005-05-26 | Siliconix Inc | Battery disconnect switch and battery disconnect switching system |
| JP2000102182A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2000-04-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Overcharge/overdischarge preventive circuit for secondary battery |
| CN102403757A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-04-04 | 精工电子有限公司 | Charge/discharge control circuit and battery device |
| WO2013078848A1 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Terminal charging protection circuit |
| WO2018107569A1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-21 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Charging device and charging method |
| CN210669588U (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-06-02 | 东莞市盈聚电源有限公司 | Battery charging anti-backflow circuit |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115102271A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-23 | 杭州海康消防科技有限公司 | Power supply circuit and electronic equipment |
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