CN113869593A - Multi-stage planning method for park comprehensive energy system based on comprehensive demand response - Google Patents
Multi-stage planning method for park comprehensive energy system based on comprehensive demand response Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a park comprehensive energy system multi-stage planning method based on comprehensive demand response, which can obtain an optimal configuration scheme and an optimal operation strategy of a park comprehensive energy system under an optimal construction time sequence, and further realize load peak clipping and valley filling. The planning method can put in less energy supply equipment to meet the load peak value of the park, reduces the peak-valley difference of the operation curve, and ensures that the output of the equipment is more stable; the planning method of the invention improves the advance investment caused by one-time equipment investment, combines the actual construction process of the park, and sequentially invests the equipment in stages according to the load increase condition, thereby avoiding the redundancy and resource waste of the equipment in the early stage, the aging and capacity shortage of the equipment in the later stage, fully utilizing the capacity of the equipment, effectively improving the utilization rate of the equipment, avoiding the external energy purchase due to the insufficient capacity of the equipment caused by the load increase, and providing important reference value for the planning and the operation of the comprehensive energy system of the park.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of comprehensive energy systems, in particular to a park comprehensive energy system multi-stage planning method based on comprehensive demand response.
Background art:
under the dual pressure of ever-increasing energy demand and continuously worsening environmental pollution in the current society, the energy supply and demand relationship is increasingly tense. The park comprehensive energy system is one of typical applications of multi-energy coupling and supply, and has great promotion effects on improving energy utilization efficiency, improving renewable energy consumption rate and the like.
In actual engineering construction, along with development and operation time of the park integrated energy system, loads of the park often increase along with the development and operation time, and the construction of the park integrated energy system is generally divided into multi-stage engineering construction. At the operation initial stage in garden, the user is less, and the load demand is lower, and in the operation middle and later stages in garden, along with the development in garden, the user increases, and the load demand increases. If the equipment is put into the building at one time in the initial stage, the capacity of the equipment is redundant in the initial stage, and the capacity of the equipment is insufficient in the later stage due to the aging of the equipment and the increase of the load, so that a large amount of energy needs to be purchased outside to meet the load requirement.
The integrated demand response is an extension and extension of the traditional power demand response in integrated energy systems. The coupling of different forms of energy of the comprehensive energy system in the links of production, transmission, consumption and the like is stronger and stronger, and the characteristics of mutual coupling and mutual transformation of the different forms of energy enable a user side to independently select an energy utilization mode among different energy flows.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a multi-stage planning method of the park comprehensive energy system based on comprehensive demand response in consideration of the comprehensive demand response and the construction time sequence of the park comprehensive energy system, and can obtain the planning result of the park comprehensive energy system under each construction time sequence, thereby obtaining the optimal construction time sequence, the optimal configuration scheme and the operation strategy of the park.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a park integrated energy system multi-stage planning method based on integrated demand response comprises the following steps:
1) constructing an operation model of energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system; the energy supply equipment comprises a cogeneration unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an electric boiler, a ground source heat pump, a gas boiler and an energy storage device;
2) dividing the planning period of the park comprehensive energy system to form a plurality of construction time sequences, and further forming a construction time sequence set of the park comprehensive energy system;
3) constructing a target function of a park comprehensive energy system planning model by taking a configuration scheme and an operation strategy of energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system as decision variables based on comprehensive demand response and the construction time sequence set;
4) setting constraint conditions of the park comprehensive energy system planning model; the constraint conditions comprise a park comprehensive energy system power balance constraint, an energy supply equipment operation constraint and a comprehensive response requirement constraint in the park comprehensive energy system;
5) and solving the park comprehensive energy system planning model under each construction time sequence in the construction time sequence set, and then comparing the planning results of the construction time sequences to obtain an optimal construction time sequence, a corresponding optimal configuration scheme and an operation strategy.
Further, the operation model of the cogeneration unit is
HCHP(t)＝ηCHPGCHP(t) (1)
0≤HCHP(t)≤MCHP(4)
In the formula, PCHP(t)、HCHP(t) and GCHP(t) electric power, thermal power and natural gas power of the cogeneration unit at the moment t respectively;
and ηCHPThe heat-electricity proportionality coefficient and the gas-heat conversion coefficient of the cogeneration unit are respectively;
and
respectively is the upper limit and the lower limit of the thermal power of the cogeneration unit; mCHPThe capacity of the built cogeneration unit;
the photovoltaic operation model is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the photovoltaic absorption power at the moment t; pPV(t) is the maximum output power of the photovoltaic in the maximum power point tracking mode at the moment t;
the operation model of the electric boiler is
HEB(t)＝ηEBPEB(t) (6)
0≤HEB(t)≤MEB (7)
In the formula, HEB(t) and PEB(t) the thermal power and the consumed electric power of the electric boiler at the moment t respectively; etaEBThe electric-heat conversion coefficient of the electric boiler; mEBRepresenting the built electric boiler capacity;
the operation model of the ground source heat pump is
HHP(t)＝ηHPPHP(t) (8)
0≤HHP(t)≤MHP (9)
In the formula, PHP(t) and HHP(t) electric power and thermal power consumed by the ground source heat pump at the moment t are respectively; etaHPThe electric-heat conversion coefficient of the ground source heat pump; mHPRepresenting the capacity of the built ground source heat pump;
the operation model of the gas boiler is
HGB(t)＝ηGBGGB(t) (10)
0≤HGB(t)≤MGB (11)
In the formula, GGB(t) and HGB(t) natural gas and thermal power consumed by the gas boiler at time t, respectively; etaGBThe gas-heat conversion coefficient of the gas boiler; mGBRepresenting the capacity of the built gas boiler;
the operation model of the energy storage device is
γminMES≤S(t)≤γmaxMES (13)
S(0)＝S(T) (14)
Bcha(t)+Bdis(t)≤1 (17)
Wherein, S (t) is the charge energy state value of the energy storage device at the time t; gamma raylos、γchaAnd gammadisThe energy loss coefficient, the charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency of the energy storage device are respectively; delta t is the time interval of adjacent scheduling moments; mESThe total capacity of the built energy storage device; pcha(t) and Pdis(t) respectively representing the energy storage power and the energy discharge power of the energy storage device at the moment t; gamma raymaxAnd gammaminThe maximum value and the minimum value of the energy storage device in the energy state account for the total capacity of the energy storage device respectively;
and
the upper limit and the lower limit of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device are respectively set; b ischa(t) and Bdis(t) respectively representing charging and discharging energy auxiliary variables of the energy storage device at the moment t; t is the number of scheduling moments in a day.
Further, the construction time sequence of the park comprehensive energy system is integrated into
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
a set representing the duration of the i-th phase; n is a radical ofyearSetting N for the planning period of the park comprehensive energy systemyearIs shortest at mostThe life of the energy supply device of (2); n is a radical ofstageIs the number of dividing stages; n is a radical ofSThe total number of the time sequence division modes is built.
Further, the park integrated energy system planning model takes the minimum life cycle cost in the park integrated energy system planning cycle as an objective function, and includes equipment investment cost, energy purchasing cost, equipment maintenance cost, integrated demand response cost and equipment residual value, and the objective function expression is as follows:
minCPIES＝Cinv+Cpur+Cmai+CIDR-Cres (18)
in the formula, CinvEquipment investment cost for a park integrated energy system; cpurEnergy purchase cost for the park integrated energy system; cmaiEquipment maintenance cost for the park integrated energy system; cIDRTotal cost to implement a combined demand response; cresIs the residual value of the device; s is an energy supply equipment set in the park comprehensive energy system; qi,mCapacity configured for class m devices at stage i; y isiIs the initial year of the i stage;
is the yiThe current value coefficient of the year is,
r is the discount rate;
Rk＝(1+r)-k；
respectively the investment cost per unit capacity and the variable maintenance cost per unit power of the mth equipment; c. CEUC(t) and cNGUC(t) the electricity price and the natural gas price at the moment t respectively; c. CIDR,traAnd cIDR,intThe unit power compensation costs for transferable and interruptible loads, respectively; pm(t) is the output of the mth equipment at the time t; pEUC(t) and GNGUC(t) electric power purchased from an electric power selling company and natural gas purchased from a natural gas company at time t, respectively; ptra(t)、Htra(t) and Pint(t)、Hint(t) the transferable electrical load and the thermal load at the time t and the interruptible electrical load and the interruptible thermal load respectively; t isdThe total number of years for the d equipment to run from the configuration to the end of the planning period;
investment cost per unit volume of the d-th equipment; qdConfiguring capacity for the d-th equipment; deltadThe net residual value rate of the d equipment; n is a radical ofdIs the lifetime of the d-th equipment.
Further, the power balance constraint comprises the internal electric power, thermal power and natural gas balance constraint conditions of the park comprehensive energy system, and the expressions are as follows:
GNGUC(t)＝GL(t)+GCHP(t)+GGB(t)(26)
in the formula, PL(t)、HL(t) and GL(t) electric, thermal, gas loads at time t, respectively; pEUC(t) and GNGUC(t) electric power purchased from an electric power selling company and natural gas purchased from a natural gas company at time t, respectively; pCHP(t)、HCHP(t) and GCHP(t) electric power, thermal power and natural gas power of the cogeneration unit at the moment t; pPV(t) photovoltaic output at time t, PEB(t) and HEB(t) electric power and thermal power of the electric boiler, respectively; pHP(t) and HHP(t) electric power and thermal power of the ground source heat pump respectively; hGB(t) and GGB(t) the thermal power and the natural gas power of the gas boiler are respectively;
and
the discharge power and the storage power of the power storage device at the time t are respectively;
and
the heat release power and the heat storage power of the heat storage device at the moment t are respectively;
the equipment operation constraint meets the operation model of energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system;
the comprehensive demand response constraint expression is as follows:
|Ltrans(t)|≤Ltrans,max (27)
0≤Lint(t)≤Lint,max(29)
0≤Nint≤Nint,max(30)
in the formula, Ltrans(t) is the transferable load at time t; l istrans,maxIs the upper limit of transferable load; l isint(t) is the interruptible load quantity at time t; l isint,maxIs the upper interruptible load amount limit; n is a radical ofintThe number of interrupts for an interruptible load; n is a radical ofint,maxIs the upper limit of the number of interruptions for which the load can be interrupted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a multi-stage planning method of a park comprehensive energy system based on comprehensive demand response, which can obtain an optimal configuration scheme and an optimal operation strategy of the park comprehensive energy system under an optimal construction time sequence, and further realize 'peak clipping and valley filling' of loads.
The planning method can be used for building less energy supply equipment to meet the load peak value of the park, the peak-valley difference of the operation curve is reduced, and the output of the equipment is more stable.
The planning method of the invention improves the advance investment caused by one-time equipment investment, combines the actual construction process of the park, and sequentially invests the equipment in stages according to the load increase condition, thereby avoiding the redundancy and resource waste of the equipment in the early stage, the aging and capacity shortage of the equipment in the later stage, fully utilizing the capacity of the equipment, effectively improving the utilization rate of the equipment, avoiding the external energy purchase due to the insufficient capacity of the equipment caused by the load increase, and providing important reference value for the planning and the operation of the comprehensive energy system of the park.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a thermal/electrical coupling commercial park integrated energy system;
FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of a typical day scene in summer;
FIG. 3(b) is a schematic view of a typical winter day scene;
FIG. 3(c) is a diagram of a typical day scene in spring and autumn;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the growth of the maximum value of the load of the campus during the planning period;
FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of an optimal operation strategy of a typical daily electrical load in the summer of the end year of the first phase;
FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of an optimal operation strategy of the electric load of the last summer typical day of the second stage;
FIG. 5(c) is a schematic diagram of an optimal operation strategy of the final summer typical solar electric load of the third stage;
fig. 6 is an electrical load operation graph with and without consideration of the combined demand response for the last winter typical day of the third phase.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the multi-stage planning method for the park integrated energy system based on the integrated demand response comprises the following steps:
step 1) constructing an operation model of energy supply equipment in a park comprehensive energy system; the energy supply equipment comprises a cogeneration unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an electric boiler, a ground source heat pump, a gas boiler and an energy storage device;
step 2) dividing the planning cycle of the park comprehensive energy system to form a plurality of construction time sequences, and further forming a construction time sequence set of the park comprehensive energy system;
step 3) constructing a target function of the park comprehensive energy system planning model by taking a configuration scheme and an operation strategy of energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system as decision variables based on comprehensive demand response and a construction time sequence set;
step 4), setting constraint conditions of a park comprehensive energy system planning model; the constraint conditions comprise a park comprehensive energy system power balance constraint, an energy supply equipment operation constraint and a comprehensive response requirement constraint in the park comprehensive energy system;
and 5) solving the garden comprehensive energy system planning model by using a Cplex solver under each construction time sequence in the construction time sequence set, and then comparing the planning results of the construction time sequences to obtain the optimal construction time sequence, the corresponding optimal configuration scheme and the operation strategy.
In the step 1), each energy supply device in the park comprehensive energy system is modeled as follows:
(1) the operation model of the cogeneration unit is
HCHP(t)＝ηCHPGCHP(t) (1)
0≤HCHP(t)≤MCHP (4)
In the formula, PCHP(t)、HCHP(t) and GCHP(t) electric power, thermal power and natural gas power of the cogeneration unit at the moment t respectively;
and ηCHPThe heat-electricity proportionality coefficient and the gas-heat conversion coefficient of the cogeneration unit are respectively;
and
respectively is the upper limit and the lower limit of the thermal power of the cogeneration unit; mCHPThe capacity of the built cogeneration unit;
(2) the operation model of the photovoltaic is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the photovoltaic absorption power at the moment t; pPV(t) is the maximum output power of the photovoltaic in the maximum power point tracking mode at the moment t;
(3) the operation model of the electric boiler is
HEB(t)＝ηEBPEB(t) (6)
0≤HEB(t)≤MEB (7)
In the formula, HEB(t) and PEB(t) the thermal power and the consumed electric power of the electric boiler at the moment t respectively; etaEBThe electric-heat conversion coefficient of the electric boiler; mEBRepresenting the built electric boiler capacity;
(4) the operation model of the ground source heat pump is
HHP(t)＝ηHPPHP(t) (8)
0≤HHP(t)≤MHP (9)
In the formula, PHP(t) and HHP(t) electric power and thermal power consumed by the ground source heat pump at the moment t are respectively; etaHPThe electric-heat conversion coefficient of the ground source heat pump; mHPRepresenting the capacity of the built ground source heat pump;
(5) the operation model of the gas boiler is
HGB(t)＝ηGBGGB(t) (10)
0≤HGB(t)≤MGB (11)
In the formula, GGB(t) and HGB(t) natural gas and thermal power consumed by the gas boiler at time t, respectively; etaGBThe gas-heat conversion coefficient of the gas boiler; mGBRepresenting the capacity of the built gas boiler;
(6) the operating model of the energy storage device is
γminMES≤S(t)≤γmaxMES (13)
S(0)＝S(T) (14)
Bcha(t)+Bdis(t)≤1 (17)
Wherein, S (t) is the charge energy state value of the energy storage device at the time t; gamma raylos、γchaAnd gammadisThe energy loss coefficient, the charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency of the energy storage device are respectively; delta t is the time interval of adjacent scheduling moments; mESThe total capacity of the built energy storage device; pcha(t) and Pdis(t) respectively representing the energy storage power and the energy discharge power of the energy storage device at the moment t; gamma raymaxAnd gammaminThe maximum value and the minimum value of the energy storage device in the energy state account for the total capacity of the energy storage device respectively;
and
the upper limit and the lower limit of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device are respectively set; b ischa(t) and Bdis(t) respectively representing charging and discharging energy auxiliary variables of the energy storage device at the moment t; t is the number of scheduling moments in a day.
In the step 2), recording the planning period of the park comprehensive energy system as NyearTo avoid the need to replace the equipment again during the planning cycle due to the expiration of its life,will NyearSetting the shortest service life of energy supply equipment to be built, and recording the number of divided stages as NstageIn total of NSThe construction time sequence division mode is characterized in that the set of construction time sequences is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the set of durations of the ith phase.
In the step 3), the minimum life cycle cost in the planning cycle of the park comprehensive energy system is taken as an objective function, the objective function comprises equipment investment cost, energy purchasing cost, equipment maintenance cost, comprehensive demand response cost and equipment residual value, and an objective function expression is an expression (18);
the method comprises the following steps that (1) each component of an objective function of a park comprehensive energy system planning model is as follows, equipment investment cost is equipment investment cost in each stage, and a calculation formula is an expression (19); the energy purchasing cost is the expense for purchasing electricity and natural gas from electricity selling companies and natural gas companies in the garden, and the calculation formula is an expression (20); the calculation formula of the equipment maintenance cost is an expression (21); the implementation of the comprehensive demand response requires certain economic compensation for users participating in the response, the controllable load part is compensated for the users according to the response type and the response quantity, the comprehensive demand response cost comprises the transfer compensation cost for transferable loads and the interruption compensation cost for interruptible loads, and the calculation formula is an expression (22); when the planning period of the park integrated energy system is finished, the service lives of part of the equipment are not ended, the planning method adopts an age average method to calculate the residual value of the equipment, and supposing that the planning period of the park integrated energy system is M in total at the end yearlIf the platform equipment is in a service state, the equipment residual value is represented by formula (23):
minCPIES＝Cinv+Cpur+Cmai+CIDR-Cres (18)
in the formula, CinvEquipment investment cost for a park integrated energy system; cpurEnergy purchase cost for the park integrated energy system; cmaiEquipment maintenance cost for the park integrated energy system; cIDRTotal cost to implement a combined demand response; cresIs the residual value of the device; s is an energy supply equipment set in the park comprehensive energy system; qi,mCapacity configured for class m devices at stage i; y isiIs the initial year of the i stage;
is the yiThe current value coefficient of the year is,
r is the discount rate;
Rk＝(1+r)-k；
investment cost per unit volume of the mth type equipment andvariable maintenance cost per unit power; c. CEUC(t) and cNGUC(t) the electricity price and the natural gas price at the moment t respectively; c. CIDR,traAnd cIDR,intThe unit power compensation costs for transferable and interruptible loads, respectively; pm(t) is the output of the mth equipment at the time t; pEUC(t) and GNGUC(t) electric power purchased from an electric power selling company and natural gas purchased from a natural gas company at time t, respectively; ptra(t)、Htra(t) and Pint(t)、Hint(t) the transferable electrical load and the thermal load at the time t and the interruptible electrical load and the interruptible thermal load respectively; t isdThe total number of years for the d equipment to run from the configuration to the end of the planning period;
investment cost per unit volume of the d-th equipment; qdConfiguring capacity for the d-th equipment; deltadThe net residual value rate of the d equipment; n is a radical ofdIs the lifetime of the d-th equipment.
The power balance constraint in the step 4) comprises the internal electric power, thermal power and natural gas balance constraint conditions of the park comprehensive energy system, wherein the power balance constraint expression is as follows:
GNGUC(t)＝GL(t)+GCHP(t)+GGB(t)(26)
in the formula, PL(t)、HL(t) and GL(t) electric, thermal, gas loads at time t, respectively; pEUC(t) and GNGUC(t) electric power purchased from an electric power selling company and natural gas purchased from a natural gas company at time t, respectively; pCHP(t)、HCHP(t) and GCHP(t) cogeneration unit electric power at time tThermal power and natural gas power; pPV(t) photovoltaic output at time t, PEB(t) and HEB(t) electric power and thermal power of the electric boiler, respectively; pHP(t) and HHP(t) electric power and thermal power of the ground source heat pump respectively; hGB(t) and GGB(t) the thermal power and the natural gas power of the gas boiler are respectively;
and
the discharge power and the storage power of the power storage device at the time t are respectively;
and
the heat release power and the heat storage power of the heat storage device at the moment t are respectively;
the equipment operation constraint meets the operation model of the energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system, and the expression is expressed as formulas (1) - (17);
in order to avoid that the comprehensive demand response excessively affects the participation enthusiasm and the energy utilization comfort level of the user, the following constraints are required to be carried out on the comprehensive demand response: equation (27) represents that the transferable load does not exceed the upper limit of the transfer, and equation (28) represents that the transfer amount and the transfer amount of the transferable load in one scheduling period are equal; expressions (29) to (30) indicate that the interruptible load amount and the number of interruptions do not exceed their upper limit requirements.
The expression of the integrated demand response constraint is as follows:
|Ltrans(t)|≤Ltrans,max (27)
0≤Lint(t)≤Lint,max (29)
0≤Nint≤Nint,max (30)
in the formula, Ltrans(t) is the transferable load at time t; l istrans,maxIs the upper limit of transferable load; l isint(t) is the interruptible load quantity at time t; l isint,maxIs the upper interruptible load amount limit; n is a radical ofintThe number of interrupts for an interruptible load; n is a radical ofint,maxIs the upper limit of the number of interruptions for which the load can be interrupted.
Example two:
the planning method of the invention is implemented by simulating a comprehensive energy system of a certain thermal/electric coupling commercial park, the structural diagram of the comprehensive energy system of the thermal/electric coupling commercial park is shown as the attached drawing 2, the structure of the comprehensive energy system of the park is composed of an energy supply side, an energy hub, an energy storage device and a load side, wherein the energy form supplied by the energy supply side comprises all energy input into the comprehensive energy system of the park, such as electricity, gas, light and the like, and the supply sources comprise electricity selling companies, natural gas companies and park photovoltaic; the load side includes electrical and thermal loads; the energy concentrator consists of energy conversion equipment, converts the energy form of an energy supply side into the energy form required by a load side, and comprises 4 kinds of energy conversion equipment, namely an electric heater, a ground source heat pump, a gas boiler and a cogeneration unit; in addition, the park is also provided with a plurality of energy storage devices, including an electricity storage device and a heat storage device. The park planning parameters are set as follows: t is 24; n is a radical ofstage＝3；N year15; selecting 3 typical days in summer, winter and spring and autumn for analysis, wherein the scene of the typical day in summer is shown in figure 3(a), the scene of the typical day in winter is shown in figure 3(b), and the scene of the typical day in spring and autumn is shown in figure 3 (c); the load maximum value increase condition of the park comprehensive energy system in the planning period is shown in the attached figure 4; the conversion rate r is 0.08; the net residual value rate gamma of the equipment is 0.06; the electricity prices of electricity selling companies and the natural gas prices of natural gas companies are shown in table 1; parameters of the park heating equipment are shown in a table 2;
in order to verify the effectiveness of the planning method of the invention more intuitively, the energy system is planned by respectively adopting the planning method of the invention, the planning method which only considers the construction time sequence without considering the comprehensive demand response and the planning method which only considers the comprehensive demand response without considering the construction time sequence, and the three planning methods are respectively as follows:
(1) M-IDR-TS: considering comprehensive demand response and construction time sequence, planning by adopting the planning method;
(2) M-NIDR-TS: the comprehensive demand response is not considered, and only the construction time sequence is considered;
(3) M-IDR-NTS: and (4) considering comprehensive demand response and not considering construction time sequence.
Planning is carried out according to the method of the invention to obtain the optimal construction time sequence, the corresponding optimal configuration scheme and the operation strategy.
TABLE 1 time of use electricity price/gas price of park comprehensive energy system
TABLE 2 heating installation parameters
The planning year N of this exampleyear15, divide the number of stages NstageTotal N as 3S91 time sequence division modes. The results of the planning are ranked from low to high throughout the life cycle and are listed in table 3. The time sequence at the top of the ranking is that the year of the third stage is the most and is far higher than the years of the first and second stages, and the year of the second stage is the least, the year of the first stage is the least. As the year of the third stage decreases, the full life cycle cost increases. The time sequence after ranking is the most years of the first stage and is far more than the second and third stages. This is because, in combination with the actual load growth situation of the campus, the load growth in the early stage is relatively rapid, and the load growth slows down with the lapse of time, and it is necessary to invest equipment many times in the early stage of planning to meet the rapid load growth demand, and the load growth in the later stage is slow, and the equipment put into operation in the early stage is enough to meet the load demand of the campus.
TABLE 3M-IDR-TS timing partitioning by PIES full lifecycle cost ordering
| Serial number | Time sequential division/year | Life cycle cost per ten thousand |
| 1 | 2+4+9 | 2166.4 |
| 2 | 2+3+10 | 2167.5 |
| 3 | 1+4+10 | 2168.1 |
| 4 | 3+3+9 | 2168.9 |
| 5 | 1+5+9 | 2170.1 |
| 6 | 3+2+10 | 2172.2 |
| 7 | 3+4+8 | 2173.0 |
| 8 | 2+5+8 | 2173.4 |
| … | … | … |
| 87 | 11+1+3 | 2267.7 |
| 88 | 11+2+2 | 2267.8 |
| 89 | 12+2+1 | 2279.4 |
| 90 | 12+1+2 | 2279.5 |
| 91 | 13+1+1 | 2289.3 |
The optimal configuration scheme of the three methods is shown in table 4, the three methods are all configured with CHP, HP, PV, ESD and HSD, and are not configured with EB and GB. The M-IDR-TS and the M-NIDR-TS consider the construction time sequence and can better fit the load increase condition of the PIES, so that the equipment is put into operation in stages; and the M-IDR-NTS is put into equipment once in the first year of planning. The built-in capacity of each device of the M-NIDR-TS is almost higher than that of the M-IDR-TS in each stage, because IDR is not considered by the M-NIDR-TS, and a large number of devices need to be configured to meet the load demand when the load reaches a peak value, so that the built-in capacity of each device is far higher than that of the M-IDR-TS, and the investment cost of the device is obviously increased.
TABLE 4PIES optimal configuration scheme comparison
Under the optimal construction time sequence, taking the optimal operation strategy of typical daily electric load in summer as an example for analysis, and combining the table 4 and the attached diagram 5(a), the load in the first stage is small, the peak value of the electric load in the last year is 191.1kW and appears at 8:00, the peak period of the electricity consumption is 8:00-16:00, in order to avoid resource waste, 158kW of photovoltaic is configured in the first stage, the photovoltaic of the park bears most of the electric load, and the rest is borne by outsourcing electricity; as can be seen by combining the table 4 and the attached FIG. 5(b), the electrical load is increased in the second stage, the peak value of the electrical load in the last year is 512.5kW and appears at 12:00, the peak period of electricity utilization appears at 10:00-16:00, and PV of 573kW is configured in the first and second stages together, which is enough to bear the peak value of the electrical load in the stage, and part of the electrical energy can be converted into heat energy by using the ground source heat pump; as can be seen from table 4 and fig. 5(c), the load of the third stage reaches the highest, the peak value of the electric load of the last year is 981.0kW and appears at 12:00, the peak period of the electricity utilization appears at 10:00-16:00, and the park is provided with 1000kW of photovoltaic cells, and besides bearing the electric load, the surplus electric energy can be converted into partial heat load of the thermal energy supply park through the cogeneration unit and the ground source heat pump or the surplus energy is stored through energy storage to promote the photovoltaic consumption. The equipment is put into use stage by stage, so that the capacity of the equipment can be fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the equipment is effectively improved.
For further analysis of the effect of the comprehensive demand response, taking the electric load operation curve of the last winter typical day of the third stage as an example, comparing the electric load operation curve without considering the comprehensive demand response and considering the comprehensive demand response with the reference shown in fig. 6, the peak value of the original electric load curve is 701.1kW, the peak value occurs at 20:00, the valley value is 264.9kW, the peak value occurs at 3:00, the difference between the peak value and the valley value is 436.3kW, the peak value is in the time period of the highest electricity price and the valley value is in the time period of the lowest electricity price; the peak value of the actual electric load curve is 677.7kW, appears at 17:00, is reduced by 3.34% compared with the original electric load, achieves the effect of peak clipping, has a valley value of 319.4kW, appears at 24:00, is improved by 20.57% compared with the original electric load, achieves the effect of valley filling, has a peak-valley difference of 358.3kW, is reduced by 116.9kW and 26.79% compared with the original electric load, and can reduce the operation cost by transferring the load peak value after considering the comprehensive demand response to a medium electricity price period. In addition, considering that the load is significantly increased after the integrated demand response in the time period of the lowest electricity prices (1:00-8:00) and is significantly decreased in the time period of the highest electricity prices (12:00-16:00 and 20:00-21:00), it can be seen that the application of the integrated demand response shifts the load in the partial electricity price peak time period to the time period of the lower electricity prices. In a word, the application of the comprehensive demand response can achieve the effect of peak clipping and valley filling, so that the load curve is more gentle; and the load at the electricity rate peak time can be reduced or shifted to the time at the electricity rate low time.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (5)
1. A park comprehensive energy system multi-stage planning method based on comprehensive demand response is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) constructing an operation model of energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system; the energy supply equipment comprises a cogeneration unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an electric boiler, a ground source heat pump, a gas boiler and an energy storage device;
2) dividing the planning period of the park comprehensive energy system to form a plurality of construction time sequences, and further forming a construction time sequence set of the park comprehensive energy system;
3) constructing a target function of a park comprehensive energy system planning model by taking a configuration scheme and an operation strategy of energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system as decision variables based on comprehensive demand response and the construction time sequence set;
4) setting constraint conditions of the park comprehensive energy system planning model; the constraint conditions comprise a park comprehensive energy system power balance constraint, an energy supply equipment operation constraint and a comprehensive response requirement constraint in the park comprehensive energy system;
5) and solving the park comprehensive energy system planning model under each construction time sequence in the construction time sequence set, and then comparing the planning results of the construction time sequences to obtain an optimal construction time sequence, a corresponding optimal configuration scheme and an operation strategy.
2. The integrated demand response-based multi-phase park energy system planning method of claim 1, wherein:
the operation model of the cogeneration unit is
HCHP(t)＝ηCHPGCHP(t) (1)
0≤HCHP(t)≤MCHP (4)
In the formula, PCHP(t)、HCHP(t) and GCHP(t) electric power, thermal power and natural gas power of the cogeneration unit at the moment t respectivelyRate;
and ηCHPThe heat-electricity proportionality coefficient and the gas-heat conversion coefficient of the cogeneration unit are respectively;
and
respectively is the upper limit and the lower limit of the thermal power of the cogeneration unit; mCHPThe capacity of the built cogeneration unit;
the photovoltaic operation model is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the photovoltaic absorption power at the moment t; pPV(t) is the maximum output power of the photovoltaic in the maximum power point tracking mode at the moment t;
the operation model of the electric boiler is
HEB(t)＝ηEBPEB(t) (6)
0≤HEB(t)≤MEB (7)
In the formula, HEB(t) and PEB(t) the thermal power and the consumed electric power of the electric boiler at the moment t respectively; etaEBThe electric-heat conversion coefficient of the electric boiler; mEBRepresenting the built electric boiler capacity;
the operation model of the ground source heat pump is
HHP(t)＝ηHPPHP(t) (8)
0≤HHP(t)≤MHP (9)
In the formula, PHP(t) and HHP(t) ground sources at time tElectrical and thermal power consumed by the heat pump; etaHPThe electric-heat conversion coefficient of the ground source heat pump; mHPRepresenting the capacity of the built ground source heat pump;
the operation model of the gas boiler is
HGB(t)＝ηGBGGB(t) (10)
0≤HGB(t)≤MGB (11)
In the formula, GGB(t) and HGB(t) natural gas and thermal power consumed by the gas boiler at time t, respectively; etaGBThe gas-heat conversion coefficient of the gas boiler; mGBRepresenting the capacity of the built gas boiler;
the operation model of the energy storage device is
γminMES≤S(t)≤γmaxMES (13)
S(0)＝S(T) (14)
Bcha(t)+Bdis(t)≤1 (17)
Wherein, S (t) is the charge energy state value of the energy storage device at the time t; gamma raylos、γchaAnd gammadisThe energy loss coefficient, the charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency of the energy storage device are respectively; delta t is the time interval of adjacent scheduling moments; mESThe total capacity of the built energy storage device; pcha(t) and Pdis(t) respectively representing the energy storage power and the energy discharge power of the energy storage device at the moment t; gamma raymaxAnd gammaminRespectively charge energy of the energy storage deviceThe proportion of the maximum state value and the minimum state value of the energy-loaded state to the total capacity of the energy-loaded state;
and
the upper limit and the lower limit of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device are respectively set; b ischa(t) and Bdis(t) respectively representing charging and discharging energy auxiliary variables of the energy storage device at the moment t; t is the number of scheduling moments in a day.
3. The integrated demand response-based multi-phase park energy system planning method of claim 1, wherein: the construction time sequence of the park comprehensive energy system is integrated into
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
a set representing the duration of the i-th phase; n is a radical ofyearSetting N for the planning period of the park comprehensive energy systemyearThe shortest life of the energy supply equipment; n is a radical ofstageIs the number of dividing stages; n is a radical ofSThe total number of the time sequence division modes is built.
4. The integrated demand response-based multi-phase park energy system planning method of claim 1, wherein:
the park comprehensive energy system planning model takes the minimum life cycle cost in the park comprehensive energy system planning cycle as an objective function, and comprises equipment investment cost, energy purchasing cost, equipment maintenance cost, comprehensive demand response cost and equipment residual value, and the objective function expression is as follows:
min CPIES＝Cinv+Cpur+Cmai+CIDR-Cres (18)
in the formula, CinvEquipment investment cost for a park integrated energy system; cpurEnergy purchase cost for the park integrated energy system; cmaiEquipment maintenance cost for the park integrated energy system; cIDRTotal cost to implement a combined demand response; cresIs the residual value of the device; s is an energy supply equipment set in the park comprehensive energy system; qi,mCapacity configured for class m devices at stage i; y isiIs the initial year of the i stage;
is the yiThe current value coefficient of the year is,
r is the discount rate;
Rk＝(1+r)-k；
respectively the investment cost per unit capacity and the variable maintenance cost per unit power of the mth equipment; c. CEUC(t) and cNGUC(t) the electricity price and the natural gas price at the moment t respectively; c. CIDR,traAnd cIDR,intThe unit power compensation costs for transferable and interruptible loads, respectively; pm(t) is the output of the mth equipment at the time t; pEUC(t) and GNGUC(t) electric power purchased from an electric power selling company and natural gas purchased from a natural gas company at time t, respectively; ptra(t)、Htra(t) and Pint(t)、Hint(t) the transferable electrical load and the thermal load at the time t and the interruptible electrical load and the interruptible thermal load respectively; t isdThe total number of years for the d equipment to run from the configuration to the end of the planning period;
investment cost per unit volume of the d-th equipment; qdConfiguring capacity for the d-th equipment; deltadThe net residual value rate of the d equipment; n is a radical ofdIs the lifetime of the d-th equipment.
5. The integrated demand response-based multi-phase park energy system planning method of claim 1, wherein: the power balance constraint comprises the balance constraint conditions of electric power, thermal power and natural gas in the park comprehensive energy system, and the expressions are respectively as follows:
GNGUC(t)＝GL(t)+GCHP(t)+GGB(t) (26)
in the formula, PL(t)、HL(t) and GL(t) electric, thermal, gas loads at time t, respectively; pEUC(t) and GNGUC(t) electric power purchased from an electric power selling company and natural gas purchased from a natural gas company at time t, respectively; pCHP(t)、HCHP(t) and GCHP(t) electric power, thermal power and natural gas power of the cogeneration unit at the moment t; pPV(t) photovoltaic output at time t, PEB(t) and HEB(t) electric power and thermal power of the electric boiler, respectively; pHP(t) and HHP(t) electric power and thermal power of the ground source heat pump respectively; hGB(t) and GGB(t) the thermal power and the natural gas power of the gas boiler are respectively;
and
the discharge power and the storage power of the power storage device at the time t are respectively;
and
the heat release power and the heat storage power of the heat storage device at the moment t are respectively;
the equipment operation constraint meets the operation model of energy supply equipment in the park comprehensive energy system;
the comprehensive demand response constraint expression is as follows:
|Ltrans(t)|≤Ltrans,max (27)
0≤Lint(t)≤Lint,max (29)
0≤Nint≤Nint,max (30)
in the formula, Ltrans(t) is the transferable load at time t; l istrans,maxIs the upper limit of transferable load; l isint(t) is the interruptible load quantity at time t; l isint,maxIs the upper interruptible load amount limit; n is a radical ofintThe number of interrupts for an interruptible load; n is a radical ofint,maxIs the upper limit of the number of interruptions for which the load can be interrupted.
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