CN110288152B - Regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration method considering electric/thermal flexible load - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration method considering electric/thermal flexible load, which comprises the steps of firstly, comprehensively analyzing the composition of the electric load and the heat transmission characteristics of a heating system, and establishing an electric/thermal flexible load model; then, on the basis of the architecture of the known regional integrated energy system, a model of each energy component is established. And simultaneously setting constraint conditions including energy balance constraint, energy assembly output constraint, tie line transmission power constraint and energy storage constraint. Secondly, considering system energy consumption, investment, operation and maintenance and compensation cost, and establishing an economic single-target optimization model. And finally, solving the established energy storage optimal configuration model based on LINGO18.0 software to obtain the optimal output of each device and the optimal capacity of the storage battery and the heat storage tank. The method of the invention carries out energy storage optimization configuration on the regional comprehensive energy system, and improves the energy utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to energy system optimization configuration, and particularly relates to a regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration method considering electric/thermal flexible load.
Background
Traditional energy system planning and operation are limited to a single energy form, and are not favorable for economic and environmental protection and cascade utilization of energy. The comprehensive energy system integrates various energy sources such as electric energy, natural gas and heat energy in a certain area, realizes cooperative optimization and complementary mutual assistance among the various energy sources, and has important significance for improving the utilization efficiency of the energy sources, promoting the consumption of renewable energy sources and realizing the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Energy storage is an important component and a key supporting technology of an integrated energy system (ICES), the mismatching of energy production and consumption in time can be solved, the requirements of social development on energy supply safety and reliability are met, the important means of improving the energy utilization efficiency and economy of the ICES is provided, and the reasonable configuration of the capacity of energy storage equipment is very necessary for the optimal planning of the ICES. The continuous increase of the peak load of the electric power and the rapid development of renewable energy sources present a new major challenge to the regulation capacity of the electric power system, flexible load participation in scheduling can optimize a load curve, promote the consumption of the renewable energy sources and reduce the newly added installed capacity, and becomes a focus of concern at home and abroad, and flexible load scheduling represents demand response in European and American countries with mature electric power market development. Due to the transmission delay of the heating system and the ambiguity of the heating comfort of the user, the heat load can also participate in the optimized dispatching as a flexible load.
Therefore, the consideration of the electric/thermal flexible load in the energy storage optimization configuration has great practical significance for constructing an economic and efficient regional comprehensive energy system. The invention provides an energy storage optimization configuration method of a regional comprehensive energy system considering electric/thermal flexible loads, which is used for establishing an electric/thermal flexible load model, an energy component model and an economic single-target optimization model.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration method considering electric/thermal flexible load, which aims to save the operation cost, reduce the energy storage configuration capacity, improve the energy utilization efficiency and achieve the optimal economy.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration method considering electric/thermal flexible load, which comprises the following steps:
(1) inputting system information including ICES architecture information, energy component unit information, electrical load information, indoor heating heat load information, outdoor temperature information, wind power generation prediction information, time-of-use electricity price information and natural gas price information into the ICES;
(2) establishing an electrical/thermal flexible load model of the ICES, wherein the electrical flexible load comprises a translatable load, a translatable load and a reducible load;
(3) establishing an ICES energy assembly model comprising a gas turbine model, a gas boiler model, a waste heat boiler model and an energy storage system model;
(4) setting ICES operation constraint conditions, including electric power flexible load duration and load power range constraint, energy balance constraint, energy assembly output constraint and tie line transmission power constraint;
(5) establishing an economic single-target optimization model including system investment, operation and compensation cost;
(6) solving a regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration model considering electric/thermal flexible load based on LINGO18.0 software;
(7) outputting ICES information, including the capacity of the storage battery and the heat storage tank, the electric heating output of the gas turbine, the consumed natural gas amount, the electricity purchasing amount, the heat output amount of the waste heat boiler, the heat output amount of the gas boiler, the wind power output amount and other information.
Further, the step (2) of establishing the electric/thermal flexible load model of the integrated energy system comprises the following steps:
A. electric power flexible load
From the perspective of the user's autonomic response characteristics, the flexible loads can be classified into 3 categories: the load can be translated, transferred and reduced.
A1 model of load capable of translating
The load capable of translating has continuous power utilization time, fixed working time and adjustable working time period. When in translation, the whole translation is needed, and the translation cannot be segmented. The acceptable translation interval of the translatable load is t sh- ,t sh+ ]Load shiftingRear power
In the formula: t is t s Is the duration of the translatable load;
is the load power of the corresponding time period before the load is translated.
A2 model of transferable loads
The transferable load has no continuous constraint, the working time length and the working time period are adjustable, the operation flexibility is higher, and the total power consumption in a scheduling cycle needs to be kept unchanged. The acceptable transition interval of the transferable load is t tr- ,t tr+ ]Keeping the required electric energy before and after load transfer unchanged
In the formula:
the variable quantity of transferable loads in the time period t before and after scheduling is represented, the time period t is positively represented that the loads are shifted in, and the time period t is negatively represented that the loads are shifted out.
A3, reducing load
The load can be reduced and such load can be partially reduced when needed. Power at time t after load shedding
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula:
for the pre-scheduling period tElectric power, α is a load reduction coefficient, u t 0-1 state variables, u, for determining whether load shedding occurs t 1 indicates that the load is reduced.
B. Thermal flexible load
The transmission delay of hot water in the heat supply network ensures that the temperature change of a user side always lags behind the temperature change of a heat source in time, the human body has ambiguity on heat perception, and the heat supply quantity can be changed when the room temperature is controlled within a certain range, so that the heat load can be used as a flexible load to participate in the optimization scheduling of the comprehensive energy system.
Describing dynamic relations among return water temperature, supply water temperature, building indoor temperature and outdoor temperature of a heat supply network by an ARMA time series model through physical mining and historical data statistics
The regulation mode of the heating system is set as quality regulation, and the heating power can be expressed as
Q t ＝cm(T g,t -T h,t )
At the same time, the indoor temperature is restricted as follows
In the formula: t is g,t ，T h,t ，T n,t ，T ω,t The temperature of return water of a heat supply network, the temperature of supplied water, the indoor temperature of a building and the outdoor temperature are measured; j is ARMA model order; alpha, beta, gamma, theta, phi and omega are thermal inertia physical parameters of the heat supply system; c is the specific heat capacity of water; m is the flow of hot water;
and
the indoor temperature upper and lower limits of the building in the heat supply area for meeting the comfort of human bodies.
Further, the step (3) of establishing the comprehensive energy system energy component unit model comprises the following steps:
A. gas turbine model
A gas turbine is a common power generation apparatus in an integrated energy system, and generates electric energy and heat energy simultaneously by burning natural gas, and the gas turbine model is as follows
In the formula:
and
respectively representing the residual heat quantity of the flue gas and the power generation power of the gas turbine in a time period t; eta GT The power generation efficiency of the gas turbine; eta L Is the loss rate.
B. Gas boiler model
When the heat supply of the waste heat boiler is insufficient, the gas boiler supplements heat energy by burning natural gas, and the gas boiler model is as follows
In the formula:
the output thermal power of the gas boiler is a time period t; eta GB The heat efficiency of the gas boiler;
the amount of natural gas consumed by the gas boiler is a time period t; LHV gas Of natural gasA calorific value.
C. Waste heat boiler model
The waste heat boiler supplies heat energy to users by absorbing waste heat in high-temperature flue gas discharged by the gas turbine, improves the utilization efficiency of energy, and has the following model
In the formula:
the output thermal power of the waste heat boiler is a time period t; eta HB The waste heat recovery efficiency is improved.
D. Energy storage model
The energy storage can effectively stabilize the fluctuation of the load, reduce and abandon wind, abandon light, and improve the flexibility of the system, and the models of the storage battery and the heat storage tank are as follows:
in the formula: i ═ ES, HS respectively denote a storage battery and a heat storage tank;
representing the stored energy of the energy storage device i for a time period t; sigma i Is the self-consumption rate;
charging and discharging energy power of the energy storage device i in a time period t; eta i,ch 、η i,dis And the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage device i is the time period t.
Further, the step (4) of setting the operation constraint conditions of the comprehensive energy system comprises the following steps:
A. translatable load restraint
When the load is shifted to the interval taking tau as the starting time, in order to ensure the continuous running time, the requirement of meeting the requirement
In the formula: y is t 0-1 state variable, y, to determine if load is translating t 1, the load is shifted to the period t.
B. Transferable load constraint
B1, load Power Range constraints
B2 minimum duration constraint
In the formula: v. of t 0-1 state variable v for judging whether load transfer occurs t 1, indicating that the load is transferred in the time period t;
is the minimum continuous run time.
C. Can reduce load restraint
The minimum and maximum duration constraints are as follows
In the formula:
and
minimum and maximum duration for load shedding。
D. Energy balance constraint
D1, electric energy power balance
In the formula:
transmitting power for a connecting line of a time period t system and a superior power grid;
wind power output in a time period t;
total electrical load for time period t;
and
respectively is charge and discharge power;
the load is a fixed electric load in the time period t, and does not participate in translation, transfer and reduction.
D2 heat energy power balance
In the formula:
a thermal load for a time period t;
and
respectively, the heat charging and discharging power.
E. Energy assembly output restraint
In the formula: j is GT, GB and HB respectively denote gas turbine, gas boiler and exhaust-heat boiler energy components;
the upper and lower limits of the output power of device j.
F. Junctor transmission power constraints
In the formula:
maximum power allowed to be transmitted for the tie.
G. Constraint of energy storage operating characteristics
In the formula:
and
maximum and minimum state of charge of the energy storage device i; w i Is the capacity of the energy storage device;
and
for maximum charge-discharge efficiency of energy storage device i
Further, the step (5) of establishing the economic single-target optimization model comprises the following steps:
the economic optimization objective function established by the invention mainly considers the electricity purchasing cost, the energy cost of natural gas consumption, the operation maintenance cost, the energy storage equipment investment cost and the user compensation cost, so that the comprehensive energy system operates in the most economic way
min C＝C fu +C om +C inv +C com
A. Cost of energy consumption
In the formula: c. C e And c gas The price of unit electric energy and natural gas respectively.
B. Cost of operation and maintenance
In the formula:
represents the unit maintenance cost of the equipment j;
representing the force of device j for time period t.
C. Investment cost of equipment
In the formula:
the installation cost per unit capacity of the energy storage device i; w is a i Is the capacity of the energy storage device i; r is i The investment recovery factor; r is the discount rate; n is a radical of hydrogen i The service life of the energy storage device i.
D. User compensation cost
D1 cost of translatable load compensation
In the formula:
is the price compensated per power load shift.
D2, transferable load Compensation costs
In the formula:
is the price compensated per unit power load transfer.
D3, reducing the cost of load compensation
In the formula:
is the compensation price per unit power load reduction.
Further, the step (6) of solving the energy storage optimization configuration model of the regional integrated energy system considering the electric/thermal flexible load comprises the following steps: the energy storage optimization configuration model of the regional comprehensive energy system considering the electric/thermal flexible load is understood to be a 0-1 mixed integer nonlinear programming model from a mathematical concept, and a model program is compiled based on a LINGO18.0 software platform and a global solver is called to solve the model program.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method has the obvious effects that firstly, the composition of the electric load and the heat transmission characteristics of a heat supply system are comprehensively analyzed, an electric/thermal flexible load model is established, a user participates in interaction, an electric/thermal load curve is optimized, and the load peak-valley difference is reduced; then, on the basis of the known information of the structure, time-of-use electricity price, natural gas price, wind power generation output, electricity/heat load and the like of the regional comprehensive energy system, a model of each energy component is established, so that the model is more in line with a real scene. And meanwhile, constraint conditions including energy balance constraint, energy assembly output constraint, tie line transmission power constraint and energy storage constraint are set, so that the regional comprehensive energy system can operate safely and efficiently. Secondly, considering system investment, operation and compensation cost, an economic single-target optimization model is established, system energy consumption and investment cost are reduced, and economic operation is achieved. And finally, solving the established energy storage optimization configuration model by using a global solver based on LINGO18.0 software to obtain the optimal output of each device and the optimal capacity of the storage battery and the heat storage tank, wherein the solving speed is high and the error is small. The effectiveness of the method provided by the invention on the energy storage configuration of the comprehensive energy system is verified by example analysis, and the method can provide guidance reference for the energy storage optimization configuration of the comprehensive energy system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary regional energy complex;
FIG. 3 is a histogram of electrical power for a regional integrated energy system without consideration of electrical/thermal compliance loads;
FIG. 4 is a histogram of optimized electrical power for a regional integrated energy system considering electrical/thermal compliance loads;
FIG. 5 is a building indoor temperature profile for a regional integrated energy system considering electrical/thermal compliance loads;
fig. 6 is a plot of regional integrated energy system electrical power balance considering electrical/thermal compliance loads.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
An energy storage configuration method of a regional integrated energy system considering electric/thermal flexible load is disclosed, and the flow of the method is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) inputting system information into regional integrated energy system
And inputting system information including ICES architecture information, energy component information, electric load information, indoor heating heat load information, outdoor temperature information, wind power generation prediction information, time-of-use electricity price information, natural gas price information and the like into the comprehensive energy system.
(2) Electric/thermal flexible load model for establishing regional comprehensive energy system
A. Electric power flexible load
From the perspective of the user's autonomous response characteristics, the flexible loads can be classified into 3 categories: the load can be translated, transferred and reduced.
A1 model of translatable loads
The load capable of translating has continuous power utilization time, fixed working time and adjustable working time period. When in translation, the whole translation is needed, and the segmented translation is not available. The acceptable translation interval of the translatable load is t sh- ,t sh+ ]Power after load shifting
In the formula: t is t s Is the duration of the translatable load;
is the load power of the corresponding time period before the load is translated.
A2 model of transferable loads
The transferable load has no continuous constraint, the working time length and the working time interval are adjustable, the operation flexibility is higher, and the total power consumption in one scheduling cycle needs to be kept unchanged. The acceptable transition interval of the transferable load is t tr- ,t tr+ ]Keeping the required electric energy before and after load transfer unchanged
In the formula:
the variable quantity of transferable loads in the time period t before and after scheduling is represented, the time period t is positively represented that the loads are shifted in, and the time period t is negatively represented that the loads are shifted out.
A3, reducing load
The load can be reduced and such load can be partially reduced when needed. Power at time t after load shedding
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula:
for the power consumption of the pre-scheduling period t, alpha is the load reduction factor u t 0-1 state variables, u, for determining whether load shedding occurs t 1 indicates that the load is reduced.
B. Thermal flexible load
The transmission delay of hot water in the heat supply network ensures that the temperature change of a user side always lags behind the temperature change of a heat source in time, the human body has ambiguity on heat perception, and when the room temperature is controlled within a certain range, the heat supply quantity can be changed, so that the heat load can be used as a flexible load to participate in the optimization scheduling of the comprehensive energy system.
Describing dynamic relation among return water temperature, water supply temperature of a heat supply network, indoor temperature of a building and outdoor temperature by an ARMA time series model through physical mining and historical data statistics
The regulation mode of the heating system is set as quality regulation, and the heating power can be expressed as
Q t ＝cm(T g,t -T h,t )
At the same time, the indoor temperature is restricted as follows
In the formula: t is g,t ，T h,t ，T n,t ，T ω,t The temperature of return water of a heat supply network, the temperature of supplied water, the indoor temperature of a building and the outdoor temperature are measured; j is ARMA model order; alpha, beta, gamma, theta, phi and omega are thermal inertia physical parameters of the heat supply system; c is the specific heat capacity of water; m is the flow of hot water;
and
the indoor temperature upper and lower limits of the building in the heat supply area for meeting the comfort level of the human body.
(3) Establishing a regional comprehensive energy system energy component model
A. Gas turbine model
A gas turbine is a common power generation apparatus in an integrated energy system, and generates electric energy and heat energy simultaneously by burning natural gas, and the gas turbine model is as follows
In the formula:
and
respectively representing the residual heat quantity of the flue gas and the power generation power of the gas turbine in a time period t; eta GT The power generation efficiency of the gas turbine; eta L The loss rate is used.
B. Gas boiler model
When the waste heat boiler supplies insufficient heat, the gas boiler supplements heat energy by burning natural gas, and the gas boiler model is as follows
In the formula:
the output thermal power of the gas boiler is a time period t; eta GB The heat efficiency of the gas boiler;
the amount of natural gas consumed by the gas boiler is a time period t; LHV gas Is the heating value of natural gas.
C. Waste heat boiler model
The waste heat boiler supplies heat energy to users by absorbing waste heat in high-temperature flue gas discharged by the gas turbine, improves the utilization efficiency of energy, and has the following model
In the formula:
the output thermal power of the waste heat boiler is a time period t; eta HB The waste heat recovery efficiency is improved.
D. Energy storage model
The energy storage can effectively stabilize the fluctuation of load, reduce abandoned wind and abandoned light and improve the flexibility of the system, and the models of the storage battery and the heat storage tank are as follows
In the formula: i is ES, HS represents a storage battery and a heat storage tank, respectively;
representing the stored energy of the energy storage device i in a time period t; sigma i Is the self-consumption rate;
charging and discharging energy power of the energy storage device i in a time period t; eta i,ch 、η i,dis And the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage device i is the time period t.
(4) Setting operation constraint conditions of regional comprehensive energy system
In order to ensure safe, reliable and stable operation of the integrated energy system, multiple types of constraint limits need to be considered. The electric/thermal flexible load needs to meet the load characteristic constraint, each energy assembly needs to meet the output constraint, a connecting line with a superior power grid needs to meet the transmission power constraint, and the energy storage equipment needs to meet the constraints of energy charging and discharging rate, charge state and the like. Meanwhile, the comprehensive energy system relates to various energy forms and needs to meet energy balance constraint.
A. Translatable load restraint
When the load is shifted to the interval taking tau as the starting time, in order to ensure the continuous running time, the requirement of meeting the requirement
In the formula: y is t 0-1 state variable, y, to determine if load is translating t 1, the load is shifted to the period t.
B. Transferable load constraint
B1, load Power Range constraints
B2 minimum duration constraint
In the formula: v. of t 0-1 state variable v for judging whether load transfer occurs t 1, indicating that the load is transferred in the time period t;
is the minimum continuous run time.
C. Can reduce load restraint
The maximum and minimum duration constraints are as follows
In the formula:
and
the minimum duration and the maximum duration of the load shedding.
D. Energy balance constraint
D1, electric energy power balance
In the formula:
transmitting power for a connecting line of a time period t system and a superior power grid;
wind power output in a time period t;
total electrical load for time period t;
and
respectively the charging and discharging power;
the load is a fixed electric load in the time period t and does not participate in translation, transfer and reduction.
D2 heat energy power balance
In the formula:
a thermal load for a time period t;
and
respectively, the heat charging and discharging power.
E. Energy assembly output restraint
In the formula: j is GT, GB and HB respectively denote gas turbine, gas boiler and exhaust-heat boiler energy components;
the upper and lower limits of the output power of device j.
F. Junctor transmission power constraints
In the formula:
maximum power allowed to be transmitted for the tie.
G. Constraint of energy storage operating characteristics
In the formula:
and
maximum and minimum state of charge of the energy storage device i; w i Is the capacity of the energy storage device;
and
and (4) the maximum energy charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage device i.
(5) Establishing an economic single-target optimization model
The economic optimization objective function established by the invention mainly considers the electricity purchasing cost, the energy cost of natural gas consumption, the operation maintenance cost, the energy storage equipment investment cost and the user compensation cost, so that the comprehensive energy system operates in the most economic way
min C＝C fu +C om +C inv +C com
A. Cost of energy consumption
In the formula: c. C e And c gas The price per unit of electricity and natural gas, respectively.
B. Cost of operation and maintenance
In the formula:
represents the unit maintenance cost of the equipment j;
representing the force of device j for time period t.
C. Investment cost of equipment
In the formula:
the installation cost per unit capacity of the energy storage device i; w is a i Is the capacity of the energy storage device i; r i A coefficient for investment recovery; r is the discount rate; n is a radical of i The service life of the energy storage device i.
D. User compensation cost
D1 cost of translatable load compensation
In the formula:
is the price compensated per power load shift.
D2, transferable load compensation cost
In the formula:
is the price compensated per unit power load transfer.
D3, reducing the cost of load compensation
In the formula:
is the compensation price per unit power load reduction.
(7) Energy storage optimization configuration model of regional comprehensive energy system considering electric/thermal flexible load
The regional comprehensive energy system energy storage optimization configuration model considering the electric/thermal flexible load is understood to be a 0-1 mixed integer nonlinear programming model from a mathematical concept, and a model program is compiled based on a LINGO18.0 software platform and a global solver is called to solve the model program.
(8) Outputting integrated energy system information
Outputting ICES information, including the capacity of the storage battery and the heat storage tank, the electric heating output of the gas turbine, the consumed natural gas amount, the electricity purchasing amount, the heat output amount of the waste heat boiler, the heat output amount of the gas boiler, the wind power output amount and other information.
(9) Example analysis
A. Introduction to the examples
The calculation example takes a typical summer day as a research object, the simulation time interval is 1 hour, and the simulation period is 24 hours. The regional integrated energy system structure in the example is shown in figure 2: the main energy components comprise a gas turbine, a gas boiler, a waste heat boiler, a storage battery and a heat storage tank, and energy types including wind energy, natural gas and electric power are input into the comprehensive energy system at the input side. On the output side, the output of the integrated energy system includes indoor heating thermal load and electric load. High-temperature flue gas generated by the gas turbine due to power generation is recycled by the waste heat boiler to supply heat for buildings, and meanwhile, the gas boiler supplies heat in an auxiliary mode.
The invention discloses a method for setting main parameters of calculation examples: the natural gas price is 2.07 yuan/m 3 A calorific value of 35169kJ/m 3 The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2kJkg DEG C, the hot water flow in the heat supply network is 10kg/s, and the indoor temperature comfort range of the building is 24 +/-2 ℃. The maximum transmission power of the tie line is 1000 kW. In the calculation example, the parameters of the existing equipment are shown in table 1, the parameters of the energy storage equipment are shown in table 2, and the time-of-use electricity price is shown in table 3.
TABLE 1 existing plant parameters of regional integrated energy systems
Table 2: energy storage device parameters
Table 3: time of use electricity price
B. Analysis of results
Compiling model program based on LINGO18.0 software platform and calling global solver to solve the established economic energy storage optimization configuration model
Table 4: energy storage configuration and cost under different scenarios
Energy storage configurations and costs under different scenes are shown in table 4, and comparison of energy storage configuration results shows that after electric power and thermal power flexible loads are comprehensively considered, the capacity of energy storage equipment is obviously reduced, the capacity of a storage battery is reduced from 4818kW to 3103kW, and the capacity of a heat storage tank is reduced from 2116kW to 794 kW. If the electric power flexible load is not considered, the storage battery is discharged at the late peak by purchasing electricity and increasing a large amount of stored electricity output by the gas turbine at 5-8 points, and meanwhile, the power purchased from the system to the power grid at 16-17 points reaches the upper limit to meet the electricity demand at the late peak, the participation of the electric power flexible load enables the electric load to generate obvious peak clipping, the charging amount of the storage battery is reduced, and therefore the capacity of the storage battery is reduced, and the electricity purchasing amount is reduced. After the thermal flexible load is considered, under the condition of meeting the indoor temperature constraint, the thermal load is matched with the electric load to carry out peak shaving, so that excessive surplus of electric energy and heat energy is avoided, and the capacity of the heat storage tank is further reduced. Because the indoor temperature can be changed within a certain range, the heat load is flexible and adjustable, and the optimized ratio of the heat load to the electric load is closer to the output of the gas turbine.
The method has the advantages that the economic analysis is carried out on the energy storage configuration results under different scenes, after the flexible load is considered, the electric load curve is smoothed, the electric/thermal load structure is adjusted, the capacity of the storage battery and the heat storage tank is reduced to the maximum extent, and the equivalent investment cost is reduced by 5.69 ten thousand yuan. From the foregoing analysis, it can be seen that the energy purchase cost of the system is reduced by 17 ten thousand yuan. The participation compensation of the electric power flexible load gives 6.55 ten thousand yuan to the user, the total cost is reduced by 18 ten thousand yuan compared with the scene without considering the flexible load, and the economy of energy storage configuration is improved.
Claims (1)
1. An energy storage configuration method of a regional comprehensive energy system considering electric/thermal flexible load is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) inputting system information including architecture information, energy component information, electrical load information, indoor heating heat load information, outdoor temperature information, wind power generation prediction information, time-of-use electricity price information and natural gas price information of the ICES into the ICES;
(2) establishing an electrical/thermal flexible load model of the ICES, wherein the electrical flexible load comprises a translatable load, a translatable load and a reducible load;
(3) establishing an ICES energy assembly model which comprises a gas turbine model, a gas boiler model, a waste heat boiler model and an energy storage system model;
(4) setting ICES operation constraint conditions, including power flexible load duration and load power range constraint, energy balance constraint, energy component output constraint and tie line transmission power constraint;
(5) establishing an economic single-target optimization model containing system energy consumption, investment, operation and maintenance and compensation cost;
(6) solving a regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration model considering electric/thermal flexible load based on LINGO18.0 software;
(7) outputting ICES information comprising the capacities of the storage battery and the heat storage tank, the electricity/heat output of the gas turbine, the consumed natural gas quantity, the electricity purchasing quantity, the heat output quantity of the waste heat boiler, the heat output quantity of the gas boiler and the wind power output quantity;
the electrical/thermal flexible load model of the ICES established in the step (2) comprises an electrical flexible load model and a thermal flexible load model, wherein the electrical flexible load model comprises a translatable load model, a translatable load model and a reducible load model, and in the translatable load model, the translatable load is acceptedThe translation interval is [ t ] sh- ，t sh+ ]The power expression after load shifting is as follows:
in the formula: t is t s Is the duration of the translatable load; p t shift The load power of the corresponding time interval before load translation;
the transferable load model can accept the transferable load within a transfer interval of t tr- ，t tr+ ]The required electrical energy is kept constant before and after the load transfer, which is expressed as follows:
in the formula:
representing the variable quantity of transferable loads in the time period t before and after scheduling, wherein the variable quantity indicates that the loads are shifted in the time period t in a positive mode, and the loads are shifted out if the loads are in a negative mode;
the power P of the reducible load reduction time period t t cut The expression is as follows:
in the formula:
for the power usage of the pre-scheduling period t, alpha is the load reduction factor, u t 0-1 state variables, u, for determining whether load shedding occurs t 1, indicating that the load is reduced;
the thermal flexible load describes the dynamic relation among the return water temperature and the supply water temperature of a heat supply network, the indoor temperature of a building and the outdoor temperature by an ARMA time series model, and the relational expression is as follows:
setting the regulation mode of the heating system as quality regulation, and expressing the heating power as follows:
Q t ＝cm(T g，t -T h，t )
meanwhile, the following constraint conditions are provided for the indoor temperature:
in the formula: t is g，t ，T h，t ，T n，t ，T ω，t The temperature of return water of a heat supply network, the temperature of supplied water, the indoor temperature of a building and the outdoor temperature are measured; j is ARMA model order; alpha, beta, gamma, theta, phi and omega are thermal inertia physical parameters of the heat supply system; c is the specific heat capacity of water; m is the flow of hot water;
and
the upper and lower limits of the indoor temperature of the building in the heat supply area for meeting the comfort level of the human body;
the step (3) of establishing the regional comprehensive energy system energy component model comprises a gas turbine model, a gas boiler model, a waste heat boiler model and an energy storage model, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the mathematical expression of the gas turbine model is as follows:
in the formula:
and P t GT Respectively representing the residual heat quantity of the flue gas and the power generation power of the gas turbine in a time period t; eta GT The power generation efficiency of the gas turbine; eta L Is the loss rate;
the expression of the gas boiler model is as follows:
in the formula:
the output thermal power of the gas boiler is a time period t; eta GB The heat efficiency of the gas boiler; f t GB The amount of natural gas consumed by the gas boiler is a time period t; LHV gas Is the calorific value of natural gas;
the expression of the waste heat boiler model is as follows:
in the formula:
the output thermal power of the waste heat boiler is a time period t; eta HB The waste heat recovery efficiency is improved;
the model expressions of the storage battery and the heat storage tank are as follows:
in the formula: i is ES, HS represents a storage battery and a heat storage tank, respectively;
representing the stored energy of the energy storage device i for a time period t; sigma i Is the self-consumption rate; p is t i，c 、P t i，d Charging and discharging energy power of the energy storage device i in a time period t; eta i，ch 、η i，dis The charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage device i is set to be t;
setting operation constraint conditions of the regional comprehensive energy system, including translational load constraint, transferable load constraint, reducible load constraint, energy balance constraint, energy assembly output constraint, tie line transmission power constraint and energy storage operation characteristic constraint:
when the load is translated into an interval with tau as the starting time, the expression of the constraint condition is as follows:
in the formula: y is t 0-1 state variable, y, to determine whether load is translating t 1, represents the load shifting to period t;
the transferable load constraints include a load power range constraint and a minimum duration constraint, the load power range constraint being as follows:
the minimum duration constraint is:
in the formula: v. of t 0-1 state variable v for judging whether load transfer occurs t 1, indicating that the load is transferred in the time period t;
minimum continuous run time;
the reducible load constraints include minimum and maximum duration constraints, and are expressed as follows:
in the formula:
and
minimum and maximum durations for load shedding;
the energy balance constraint comprises electric energy power balance and thermal energy power balance, and the electric energy power balance is expressed as follows:
P t GRID +P t WT +P t GT +P t ES，d ＝P t load +P t ES，c
P t load ＝P t e +P t shift +P t trans +P t cut
in the formula: p t GRID Transmitting power for a connecting line of a time period t system and a superior power grid; p t WT Wind power output in a time period t; p t load Total electrical load for time period t; p t ES，c And P t ES，d Respectively the charging and discharging power; p is t e The load is a fixed electric load in a time period t and does not participate in translation, transfer and reduction;
the thermal energy power balance is expressed as follows:
Q t HB +Q t GB +P t HS，d ＝Q t load +P t HS，c
in the formula:
a thermal load for a time period t; p t HS，c And P t HS，d Respectively has heat charge and discharge power;
the energy assembly output constraints are expressed as follows:
in the formula: j is GT, GB, HB respectively represents gas turbine, gas boiler, exhaust-heat boiler energy component;
outputting upper and lower limits of power for the equipment j;
the tie line transmission power constraint is expressed as follows:
in the formula:
maximum power allowed for transmission for the tie;
the energy storage operating characteristic constraints are expressed as follows:
in the formula:
and
maximum and minimum state of charge of the energy storage device i; w i Is the capacity of the energy storage device;
and
the maximum energy charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage device i is obtained;
and (5) establishing an economic single-target optimization model, comprehensively considering energy consumption cost, operation and maintenance cost, equipment investment cost and user compensation cost, and establishing an economic optimization target function expression as follows:
minC＝C fu +C om +C inv +C com
wherein, the energy consumption cost is as follows:
in the formula: c. C e And c gas The price of unit electric energy and natural gas respectively;
the operation and maintenance cost is as follows:
in the formula:
represents the unit maintenance cost of the equipment j;
representing time periods tdevice jForce is exerted;
the equipment investment cost is as follows:
in the formula:
the installation cost per unit capacity of the energy storage device i; w is a i Is the capacity of the energy storage device i; r i The investment recovery factor; r is the discount rate; n is a radical of i The service life of the energy storage device i;
the user compensation cost comprises a translatable load compensation cost, a translatable load compensation cost and a reducible load compensation cost, and the translatable load compensation cost comprises:
in the formula:
a compensation price for load translation per unit power;
the transferable load compensation cost is as follows:
in the formula:
a compensation price for load transfer per unit power;
the reducible load compensation cost is as follows:
in the formula:
a compensation price for load shedding per unit power;
and (6) solving the regional comprehensive energy system energy storage configuration model considering the electric/thermal flexible load comprises compiling a model program based on a 0-1 mixed integer nonlinear programming mathematical model method and a LINGO18.0 software platform and calling a global solver to solve the model program.
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