CN113868202B - Method for storing and reading and writing data of geographic file - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/16—File or folder operations, e.g. details of user interfaces specifically adapted to file systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/17—Details of further file system functions
- G06F16/172—Caching, prefetching or hoarding of files
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/28—Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models
- G06F16/284—Relational databases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/29—Geographical information databases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Abstract
A method for storing and reading and writing data of a geographic file belongs to the technical field of data communication. S100, the browser verifies the uploaded geographic data File through an HTML5 File API, and calls an http request interface to transmit a File stream to a server; s200, the server receives a geographic data file stream uploaded by the browser, analyzes attributes of dbf and shp files through geotools api, converts the geographic data file into a standard universal JSON data format and returns the converted geographic data file to the browser; s300, rendering an editable table after the browser receives JSON data, and transmitting the matched JSON to the server again after the user edits the table; and S400, the server receives the parameters transmitted by the browser, performs postgresql table building and data importing through geotools and opengis api, and performs modification operation according with parameter conditions on attribute information of the table through jdbc api. The invention can realize data processing without additional software support, thereby reducing operation flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for storing a geographic data file, and belongs to the technical field of data communication.
Background
Shapefile is a spatial data open format, the file format is an open standard of the geographic information software field, and can be read and written in a database by various geographic information processing software, such as Argis and QGIS. Shapefile is used to describe geometry objects: points, polylines, and polygons whose shape-and shape-related data attributes construct a representation of the geographic data. For example, Shapefile may store the geometric location of spatial objects such as wells, rivers, lakes, etc. In addition to geometric location, Shapefile may also store attributes of these spatial objects, such as the name of a river, the temperature of a city, and so forth. Shapefile refers to a method of file storage in which a file format is actually composed of a plurality of files. Three files are indispensable to form a sharefile, and are respectively a ". shp", ". shx" and ". dbf" file, and a group of files representing the same sharefile data should have the same file name prefix. For example, storing a piece of geometry and attribute data about a lake, three files, lake. Whereas the suffix of "true" Shapefile is shp, only this file data is incomplete, and the other two suffixes must be attached to form a complete set of geographic data. In addition to these three necessary files, there are other optional files (". prj", ". sbn. sbx", ". fbn.fbx", ". ain. aih", ". ixs", ". mxs", ". atx", ". shp.xml", ". cpg") with which the expressive power of spatial data can be enhanced.
In recent years, as smart city construction becomes a hotspot, various smart city businesses have technical and functional requirements on warehousing of geographic data files or custom processing of the geographic data files. In the prior art, the storage of geographic data files is realized in two ways, one is realized by installing an open source software client, such as a QGIS; one is a plug-in implementation of postgis based on the relational database postgresql. However, both the former and the latter can only be implemented by means of a cumbersome dependent installation package. In order to reduce the steps of installing a database and a plug-in thereof when a user uploads a geographic data file and reduce the learning cost of the user using open source software, a new reading and writing method for storing the geographic file data into a relational database needs to be provided urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The method and the device have the advantages that the steps of installing the database and the plug-ins thereof when the user uploads the geographic data files are reduced, the learning cost of the user using open source software is reduced, and the shortcut analysis, storage and management of the shape geographic data file information are realized through the web end. The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for storing, reading and writing geographic file data, which comprises a browser and a server, wherein the browser and the server establish two-way communication, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s100, the browser checks the uploaded geographic data File through an HTML5 File API, and calls an http request interface to transmit a shapefile geographic layer File stream to a server;
s200, the server receives a geographic data file stream uploaded by the browser, analyzes attributes of files dbf and shp through geotools api, converts the SHAFEfile data of the geographic layer into a standard and universal JSON data format and returns the converted data to the browser;
s300, rendering an editable table after the browser receives JSON data, and transmitting the matched JSON to the server again after the user edits;
and S400, the server receives the parameters transmitted by the browser, performs postgresql table building and data import through the geotools and opengis api, and performs modification operation according with parameter conditions on the attribute information of the table through the JDBC api.
Further: in step S100, the user selects a local disk shape geographical layer File through the browser, the front-end Javascript code obtains and accesses the selected File object list through its change event according to HTML5 File APIs supported by the browser and the mobile terminal, obtains a File name, a File size, a File type, and File stream information, and determines whether the File list selected by the user satisfies a File with the same prefix of three File names including suffix of shx, shp, and dbf according to the information, and if so, uploads the File stream to the server, otherwise, prompts a corresponding non-conformity reason, such as lack of a shx File.
Further: in step S100, the user selects the local disk shape geographical layer File through the browser, the front-end Javascript code obtains and accesses the selected folder through a change event through the HTML5 File API supported by most of the browsers and the mobile terminal, and if the folder includes a File with the same prefix of the three filenames of SHX, shp and dbf, a File stream is uploaded to the server, otherwise, a corresponding non-conforming reason, such as lack of an SHX File, is prompted.
Further: in step S100, after receiving the file stream sent by the browser, the server stores the geographic data file in the file sharing service system. Specifically, the geographic data file saves the input stream to the file sharing service system through the JAVA API putObject () function of MinIO.
Further: in step S200, the geotools api is used to parse the dbf and shp files, and the specific method is as follows: the attributes in the dbf file header, including the attribute field name, field type and field type length, are read by using the ShapeFileDataStore component.
The server returns the analyzed geographic field information in the JSON format to the browser, wherein the geographic field information comprises field English names, field Chinese names, types, lengths, permission spaces and descriptions.
Further: and S300, after the browser receives JSON data of the geographic relationship fields, rendering the JSON data into an editable form through a front-end frame vue packaged based on Html, JavaScript and Css and matching with form and table components for developing an element UI component library based on vue.
Initiating an action through a form event of HTML (hypertext markup language), further triggering form bidirectional binding to change JSON (Java Server connection) data, determining whether a field is added with a Chinese name, description, a main key and the like and whether to build a form and import data and the like can be customized, and then sending the customized parameters to a server by the browser;
further: in step S400, the server receives the parameters and builds a table and imports data for postgresql through geools and opengis api, the first step obtains a JDBCDataStore connected to a postgresql database through a geools datastorefiler module, the second step reads a shapefile geographic data file through a sharpefiledatastore module to generate a data feature of the geographic data file and a field information source component simplefeateuresource, the third step obtains a view name of a database table through the simplefeatesourcecomponent and connects the JDBCDataStore component through the database to create a table view in the database, and the fourth step modifies the built view attributes through the JDBC api according to the parameter information received by the server. Data import, namely, connecting JDBCDataStore through a database to construct a feature write-in component FeatureWriter of opengis, constructing a feature set SimpleFeatureConcollection through a feature source SimpleFeatureSource, traversing through the feature set SimpleFeatureConcollection to form SimpleFeatureCongestion feature information, and importing all the SimpleFeatureCongestion feature information, namely geographic data into a data table through the feature write-in component FeatureWriter of opengis api.
Further: the method further comprises a step S500 of uploading the shape geographic data files with the same data structure to a server through a browser, packaging the geographic data files stored into the data table into middleware analysis attribute information by using a geotools api under the condition that a database table already exists, returning a field name, and sending the field type to the browser.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by adopting the read-write method for self-defining storage of the shape geographic file data in the relational database through the WEB end, the geographic data file can be stored in the database without additional software support, so that the cost of secondary development is reduced, a user only needs to operate on a browser, and the operation flow is reduced;
2. the method for reading and writing the shape geographic file data stored in the relational database by the WEB end in a self-defined manner can be deployed into an api service based on an Internet transmission protocol for the Internet of things to automatically upload updated data, so that the real-time performance of data addition, deletion, modification and check is ensured, and the use scene is more diversified;
3. the invention adopts the File API of HTML5, which is a new technology, the support of the current mainstream browser is nearly perfect, the support on mobile devices such as mobile phones and the like is also nearly perfect, and the use scene is more diversified;
4. the method can perform compatibility extraction, conversion, storage and loading with multi-source heterogeneous spatial data of the existing database, and better manages the information of the geographic data file through the cloud;
5. the technical scheme of the invention is developed based on the B/S architecture, and has lighter weight and lower development and maintenance cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for storing and reading and writing data of a geographic file;
FIG. 2 is a table edit diagram of step S300;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of tabular data after storage of a view geographic file;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the appended or overlaid data of step S500;
fig. 5 is a flow chart for updating existing geographic file data.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be described by way of example only, and in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
In order to facilitate the explanation of the technical solution in this embodiment, the keywords appear as follows:
shp-graphical format for preserving geometric entities of elements;
shx-graph index format. The geometric body position index records the position of each geometric body in the shp file, and can accelerate the efficiency of searching a geometric body forwards or backwards;
dbf-attribute data format, storing the attribute data for each geometry in dBase III + data table format;
GeoTools is an open source Java code library for manipulating and displaying maps developed by James Macgll of the University of Litz, England (University of legs) since 1996, providing a set of normative methods of manipulating geospatial data.
JavaScript (often abbreviated as JS) is a lightweight, interpreted, object-oriented, top-level function language, the most well-known application of which is scripting language as a web page, but it is also used in many non-browser environments. JS is a dynamic script language based on prototypes and multiple paradigms, and supports the programming style of object, command and function.
The JavaScript, which runs on the client side of the web page, can be used to design and program the behavior of the web page when an event occurs.
dbaseFileReader is a geographic file dbf reading mode provided by geotools api.
ShapeFileDataStore is a way that geotools api provides a way to describe the shape geography files on disk.
sampleFeatureSource is a way provided by geotools api to describe simple feature sources of the contents of the shapefile geographic file on the disk
DataStore is a vector format, i.e., a data store, provided by geotools api that describes the ranges in which geospatial data is stored for access. Including shape files, GML files, databases, web function servers, and other formats.
The DataStoreFinder is a finder provided by geotools api that describes the data storage component of a shape geographic file for obtaining the DataStore.
JDBCDataStore is a storage provided by geotools api that describes data connection information between shapefile geographic files and data storage components, i.e., is used to directly connect to a database.
FeatureWriter is a write drive provided by geotools api that describes the writing of features in shapefile geographic file data into a storage database. I.e., it is used to directly write the shape geographical file feature data into the database.
SimpleFeatureCollelection is a feature set provided by geotools that describes data in a shred geographic file, similar to example.
MINIO is an object storage service based on the Apache License v2.0 open source protocol. It is compatible with amazon S3 cloud storage service interface, and is very suitable for storing large-capacity unstructured data such as pictures, videos, log files, backup data, container/virtual machine images, etc., while an object file can be any size, ranging from a few kb to a maximum of 5T.
The embodiment provides a reading and writing method for analyzing and storing a shape geographic data file to a relational database based on a B/S architecture (namely, a browser and server architecture mode), which specifically comprises a browser (front end) and a server (back end), wherein the browser (front end) communicates and transmits data to the back end through an http protocol, and the server (back end) can also communicate and return data to the front end through an http protocol. The steps of installing the database and the plug-ins thereof when the user uploads the geographic data file are reduced, the learning cost of the user using open source software is reduced, and the shortcut analysis, storage and management of the shape geographic data file information are realized through the web end. The method comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, a user selects a local disk shape geographical layer File through a browser, a front end Javascript code obtains a File object list accessed to be selected through a majority of HTML5 File APIs supported by the browser and a mobile terminal through a change event, and obtains information such as File names, File sizes, File types, File streams and the like, so that whether the File list selected by the user meets files with prefixes of three File names including shx, shp and dbf or a folder is selected, and necessary conditions of the 3 files are provided in the folder. When the necessary judgment condition is met, uploading a file stream to a server, otherwise, prompting a corresponding reason which is not met, such as a shx file;
2. after receiving a file stream sent by a browser, a server stores the input stream of a geographic data file to a file sharing service system through a JAVA API putObject () function of MINIO;
3. using geotools api to analyze dbf and shp files, firstly creating a DbaseFileReader reader to read shapefield, then getheader to obtain attributes in a dbf file header, wherein the attributes comprise attribute field names, field types and field type lengths, attribute information in a geographic table is obtained, and the geographic type field names are obtained from a generated feature source sampleFeatureSource by reading ShapeFileDataStore;
4. the server returns the analyzed geographic field information in the JSON format to the browser, wherein the geographic field information comprises a field name, a field Chinese name, a type, a length, a permission space and a description, and the format is as follows:
after the browser receives JSON data of the geographic relationship fields, an editable form is rendered through a front-end frame Vue packaged based on Html, JavaScript and Css and by means of form and table components of a vue-based development element UI component library, and a specific view is shown in FIG. 2.
5. Initiating an action through a form event of HTML (hypertext markup language), further triggering form bidirectional binding to change JSON (Java Server connection) data, determining whether a field is added with a Chinese name, description, a main key and the like and whether to build a form and import data and the like can be customized, and then sending the customized parameters to a server by the browser;
6. the server side receives parameters and imports postgresql and data through the geonols and opengis api and modifies the table attributes through the JDBC api, the table building method includes the steps that firstly, a connection JDBCDataStore of a postgresql database is obtained through a geonols DataStoreFinder module, secondly, a shapefile geographic data file is read through a ShapeFileDataStore module to generate data characteristics of the geographic data file and a field information source module SimpleFeatatureSource, thirdly, a view name of a database table is obtained through the SimpleFeatatureSource information source module, a table view is created in the database through the database connection JDBCDataStore module, and the established view attributes are modified through the JDBC api according to parameter information received by the server. Data import, namely, connecting JDBCDataStore through a database to construct a feature write-in component FeatureWriter of opengis, constructing a feature set SimpleFeatureConcollection through a feature source SimpleFeatureSource, traversing through the feature set SimpleFeatureConcollection to form SimpleFeatureCongestion feature information, and importing all the SimpleFeatureCongestion feature information, namely geographic data into a data table through the feature write-in component FeatureWriter of opengis api.
7. And updating the data of the table and the database table in the later period, and only uploading the shape geographic data file with the same data structure to the server through the browser. Under the condition that a database table already exists, a server side encapsulates a geographic data file which is stored into the database table into middleware analysis attribute information by using a geotools api, returns a field name and a field type to the browser, a user can perform field type matching selection according to the database field name and the field returned by the geographic data file, and after the field matching is passed, the server performs covering or additional operation on the data of the existing table through a jdbc api, geotools and an opengis api. While a table such as that of fig. 3 can be accessed by calling the encapsulated look-up table data or table attributes api.
This embodiment is only illustrative of the patent and does not limit the scope of protection thereof, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to its part without departing from the spirit of the patent.
Claims (3)
1. A method for storing and reading and writing data of a geographic file comprises a browser and a server, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, the browser checks the uploaded geographic data File through an HTML5 File API, and calls an http request interface to transmit a shapefile layer File stream to a server, wherein the specific method is that a user selects the shapefile layer File of a local disk through the browser, a front end Javascript code obtains and accesses a selected File object list through a change event according to the HTML5 File API supported by the browser and a mobile terminal, and obtains File names, File sizes, File types and File stream information, and judges whether the File list selected by the user contains files with prefixes of three File names of shx, shp and dbf, if yes, the File stream is uploaded to the server, otherwise, the corresponding reasons are prompted; after receiving the file stream sent by the browser, the server stores the geographic data file in a file sharing service system; specifically, the geographic data file stores the input stream to a file sharing service system through a JAVA API putObject () function of MinIO;
s200, the server receives a geographic data file stream uploaded by the browser, analyzes attributes of files dbf and shp through geotools api, converts the SHAFEfile data of the geographic layer into a standard and universal JSON data format and returns the converted data to the browser;
s300, rendering an editable table after the browser receives JSON data, and transmitting the matched JSON to the server again after the user edits;
s400, the server receives parameters transmitted by the browser, postgresql table building and data importing are conducted through geotools and opengis api, and modification operation meeting parameter conditions is conducted on attribute information of the table through jdbc api; the specific method comprises the following steps:
the server receives parameters and builds a table and imports data for postgresql through a geonols and opengis api, wherein the table is built by the steps of firstly, obtaining a connection JDBCDataStore of a postgresql database through a geools DataStorer component, secondly, reading a shapeFileDataStore geographic data file through a ShapeFileDataStore module to generate data characteristics of the geographic data file and a field information source component SimpleFeatureSource, thirdly, obtaining a view name of the database table through the SimpleFeatureSource information source component, creating a table view in the database through the database connection JDBCDataStore component, and fourthly, modifying the built view attributes through the JDBC api according to the parameter information received by the server; data import: the method comprises the steps that firstly, a JDBCDataStore is connected through a database to construct a feature write-in component FeatureWriter of opengis, secondly, a feature set SimpleFeatureCoollection is constructed through a feature source SimpleFeatureSource, thirdly, SimpleFeatureCoollection is formed after traversal is conducted through the feature set SimpleFeatureCoollection, and fourthly, all SimpleFeatureCooperature feature information, namely geographic data, is led into a data table through the feature write-in component FeatureWriter of opengis api;
s500, uploading a shape geographic data file with the same data structure to a server through a browser, packaging the geographic data file stored as a data table into middleware analysis attribute information by using a geotools api under the condition that the database table already exists, returning a field name, and giving the field type to the browser.
2. A method for storing, reading and writing data of a geographic file according to claim 1, wherein: in step S200, the geotools api is used to parse dbf and shp files in the file sharing service system, and the specific method is as follows: the attributes in the dbf file header, including the attribute field name, field type and field type length, are read by using the ShapeFileDataStore component, the shp file obtains the attribute information in the geographic table, and the geographic type field name is obtained by using the SampleFeatureSource component.
3. A method for storing, reading and writing data of a geographic file according to claim 1, wherein: and S300, after the browser receives JSON data of the geographic relationship fields, rendering the JSON data into an editable form through a front-end frame vue packaged based on Html, JavaScript and Css and matching with form and table components for developing an element UI component library based on vue.
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