CN113867050B - Display module and display device - Google Patents

Display module and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113867050B
CN113867050B CN202111216796.0A CN202111216796A CN113867050B CN 113867050 B CN113867050 B CN 113867050B CN 202111216796 A CN202111216796 A CN 202111216796A CN 113867050 B CN113867050 B CN 113867050B
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China
Prior art keywords
display
light
display panel
module
display module
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Active
Application number
CN202111216796.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113867050A (en
Inventor
王海亮
李雅缨
杨雁
周婷
李俊谊
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Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111216796.0A priority Critical patent/CN113867050B/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133611—Direct backlight including means for improving the brightness uniformity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement

Abstract

The application discloses a display module and a display device, which relate to the technical field of display, wherein the display module comprises a photosensitive stage and a display non-photosensitive stage, when the display module is in the display non-photosensitive stage, a first part of a light valve is in an atomized state, and at the moment, light emitted by a light supplementing component is scattered through the light valve to supplement light for a second display area, so that the brightness of the second display area in the display non-photosensitive stage is favorably improved, the brightness difference between the first display area and the second display area is reduced, the display uniformity of the display module in the display non-photosensitive stage is improved, and the requirement of a user on a comprehensive screen is met; when the display module is in the photosensitive stage, the first part of the light valve is in a transparent state, and light can enter the photosensitive element through the first part, so that the normal operation of the photosensitive element is guaranteed.

Description

Display module and display device
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module and a display device.
Background
With the continuous development of technology, the requirements of the market and users on the screen ratio are higher and higher. In order to meet the requirement of high screen occupation ratio, various manufacturers respectively push out schemes such as a water drop screen, a Liu Haibing, a lifting camera, a sideslip camera, a sliding cover comprehensive screen and the like at present, and the defects of the schemes still exist. The water drop screen and Liu Haibing are designed, the position for placing the camera still cannot be displayed, and the screen occupation ratio is still limited; for the solutions of lifting cameras, sideslip cameras, sliding covers, full screen, etc., additional module devices are required, so that the volume and the quality of the whole display device are required to be increased.
In order to increase the screen ratio, manufacturers have been conducting research on how to integrate functional devices, such as cameras, light sensors, etc., under the display panel, so as to increase the screen ratio. At present, the technical scheme of the under-screen camera is adopted, the camera is arranged below the display panel, additional module equipment is not required to be added, the screen occupation ratio can be improved, and the requirements of users are met. However, how to realize the light filling of the camera area is a technical problem to be solved for the LCD screen.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a display module and a display device.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a display module, including a display panel, where the display panel includes a first display area and a second display area, and the light transmittance of the first display area is smaller than that of the second display area; the display module assembly still includes:
the light sensing element is positioned on one side of the display panel, and the orthographic projection of the light sensing element on the light emitting surface of the display panel at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second display area on the light emitting surface of the display panel;
the light supplementing assembly is positioned on one side of the display panel, which is close to the photosensitive element, and the orthographic projection of the light supplementing assembly on the light emitting surface of the display panel is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the second display area on the light emitting surface of the display panel;
the light valve is positioned between the display panel and the light supplementing component, and comprises a first part, wherein the orthographic projection of the first part on the light emitting surface of the display panel at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second display area on the light emitting surface of the display panel;
the display module comprises a photosensitive stage and a display non-photosensitive stage, and the first part is in an atomization state in the display stage; in the display non-photosensitive stage, the first portion is in a transparent state.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a display device, including the display module provided by the present application.
Compared with the prior art, the display module and the display device provided by the application have the advantages that at least the following effects are realized:
in the display module and the display device provided by the application, the display module comprises a photosensitive stage and a display non-photosensitive stage, when the display module is in the display non-photosensitive stage, the first part of the light valve is in an atomized state, and at the moment, the light emitted by the light supplementing component is scattered through the light valve to supplement light for the second display area, so that the brightness of the second display area in the display non-photosensitive stage is improved, the brightness difference between the first display area and the second display area is reduced, the display uniformity of the display module in the display non-photosensitive stage is improved, and the requirement of a user on a comprehensive screen is met; when the display module is in the photosensitive stage, the first part of the light valve is in a transparent state, and light can enter the photosensitive element through the first part, so that the normal operation of the photosensitive element is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display module according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a display module according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a BB' of the display module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another CC' section of the display module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another BB' cross-section of the display module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another BB' cross-section of the display module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the light valve of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another BB' cross-section of the display module of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the light valve of FIG. 4;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the light valve of FIG. 4;
fig. 11 is a schematic top view of a display device according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
As is well known, a liquid crystal display is a passive display, and a liquid crystal display panel often needs to rely on a backlight module to provide a light source for the liquid crystal display panel. The backlight module of the liquid crystal display module generally comprises a direct type backlight module and a side-in type backlight module. The direct type backlight module generally includes a plurality of direct type light sources, wherein the direct type light sources may be LEDs, and light emitted from the direct type light sources provides light for the liquid crystal display panel. In order to improve the uniformity of display, an optical film such as a diffusion film can be arranged above the light source, so that uniform light filling is realized. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display module in the prior art, wherein a light source (not shown) is disposed at one side of a backlight module 20', and the light emitting surface of the light source faces the light incident surface of a light guide plate (not shown), and the light is conducted through the light guide plate and further conducted and diffused through a diffusion sheet and an incremental film (not shown), so as to uniformly supplement the light to the display panel 10'. In order to improve the light utilization rate, the backlight module 20' may further be provided with a reflective sheet for reflecting the downward emergent light upward for reuse, improving the light utilization rate and reducing energy consumption.
In order to meet the requirements of users for photographing and other functions, the display module is generally further provided with a photosensitive element 30'. The backlight module 20' is generally provided with a through hole H ' corresponding to the position for accommodating the photosensitive element 30'. The position of the display panel 10' corresponding to the through hole H ' is a semipermeable area AA2'. Since the through hole H ' has no light guide plate, the light of the backlight module 20' cannot be transmitted into the through hole H '. Therefore, when the semi-transparent area AA2 'is used for displaying, the backlight module 20' cannot supplement light, and the area has brightness difference from other display areas in visual effect, so as to form a dark area, thereby affecting the overall display effect of the display device.
In view of the above, the present application provides a display module and a display device. The embodiments of the display module and the display device provided by the application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the display module according to the present application, and fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a BB' of the display module of fig. 2. The display module 100 provided by the application comprises a display panel 10, wherein the display panel 10 comprises a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2, and the light transmittance of the first display area AA1 is smaller than that of the second display area AA2; the display module 100 further includes:
the photosensitive element 30, the photosensitive element 30 is located at one side of the display panel 10, and the orthographic projection of the photosensitive element 10 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second display area AA2 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10;
the light supplementing assembly 40 is positioned on one side of the display panel 10 close to the photosensitive element 30, and the orthographic projection of the light supplementing assembly 40 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second display area AA2 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10;
the light valve 50, the light valve 50 is located between the display panel 10 and the light supplementing component 40, the light valve 50 includes a first portion 501, and a front projection of the first portion 501 on the light emitting surface of the display panel at least partially overlaps with a front projection of the second display area AA2 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10;
the display module 100 includes a photosensitive stage and a display non-photosensitive stage, and in the display stage, the first portion 501 is in an atomized state; in the display non-photosensitive phase, the first portion 501 is in a transparent state.
It should be noted that fig. 2 is only illustrated by taking a rectangular panel as an example, and in other embodiments, the display panel may have other shapes, such as a circle, a parallelogram, or other special-shaped structures, so as to meet different display requirements. The shape, size and number of the second display areas AA2 in fig. 2 are only schematic, and do not represent the actual shape, size and number. In addition, fig. 2 only shows the case that the first display area AA1 surrounds the second display area AA2, and in other embodiments, the first display area AA1 may also semi-surround the second display area AA2, which is not limited in the present application. Fig. 3 only illustrates the film structures of the backlight module 20 and the display panel 10, and does not show the actual film structures, and in the present application, the actual film structures of the backlight module 20 and the display panel 10 may refer to the structures of the display panel 10 and the backlight module 20 in the prior art, and the present application is not limited specifically. In addition, the light supplementing component 40 can be a conventional-sized LED lamp, and also can be a Micro LED or a Mini LED. The shape and size of the light supplementing assembly 40 in fig. 3 are only schematic, and do not represent the actual shape and size, and those skilled in the art can select a light supplementing assembly 40 with a suitable shape and size according to the actual requirements.
It can be understood that the light-emitting surface of the display panel in the present application specifically refers to the surface of the display panel 10 facing away from the photosensitive element 30, and when the display module 100 displays, light is emitted through the light-emitting surface, so that the display module 100 can display different images, and the display requirement is met.
Specifically, the display module 100 provided by the present application includes a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2. When the display module 100 is in the non-photosensitive display stage, the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 are both displayed, so that the screen occupation ratio is improved, and the requirement of the user on the full screen display is met. When the display module 100 is in the photosensitive stage, since the light transmittance of the second display area AA2 is greater than that of the first display area AA1, i.e. the light transmittance of the second display area AA2 is higher, external light can enter the photosensitive element 30 through the second display area AA2, so that the requirement of the photosensitive element 30 for sensing light in the photosensitive stage can be met, and the normal operation of the display module 100 in the photosensitive stage is ensured.
It is to be understood that the photosensitive element 30 may be an image capturing element, such as a camera, or may be an optical sensor, such as an optical fingerprint recognition element, an infrared light sensor, etc., which is not limited in the present application.
Specifically, the light supplementing component 40 is arranged on one side of the display panel 10 close to the photosensitive element 30. When the display module 100 is in the non-photosensitive stage, the light emitted by the light supplementing component 40 supplements light for the second display area AA2, so as to meet the light requirement of the second display area AA2 during display, and enable the second display area AA2 to display normally in the non-photosensitive stage. In addition, a light valve 50 is further disposed on a side of the light supplementing assembly 40 adjacent to the display panel 10, and the light valve 50 includes a first portion 501, where an orthographic projection of the first portion 501 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 at least partially overlaps an orthographic projection of the second display area AA2 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10. When the display module 100 is in the non-photosensitive stage, the light valve 50 is in the atomized state, and the light of the light compensating component 40 passes through the light valve 50, the light valve 50 can scatter the light, so as to uniformly compensate the light of the second display area AA2, so that the brightness of the position right above the light compensating component 40 is prevented from being higher, and the brightness of other positions is lower, so that the uniformity in the second display area AA2 is improved. Therefore, the light supplementing component 40 and the light valve 50 are disposed on the side of the display panel 10 near the photosensitive element 30, which is favorable for improving the brightness of the second display area AA2 in the non-photosensitive stage, so as to reduce the brightness difference between the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2, improve the display uniformity of the display module 100 in the non-photosensitive stage, and meet the requirements of users on the full screen. In addition, when the display module 100 is in the photosensitive stage, the first portion 501 is in a transparent state, and light can enter the photosensitive element 30 through the first portion 501, so that normal operation of the photosensitive element 30 is guaranteed, that is, the introduction of the first portion 501 does not affect the high light transmittance of the second display area AA2, so that the photosensitive performance of the photosensitive element 30 is guaranteed, and the photosensitive requirement of a user on the display module 100 is met.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the display module 100 further includes a backlight module 20, the backlight module 20 is located on a side of the display panel 10 near the photosensitive element 30, the backlight module 20 includes a first through hole H, and a front projection of the first through hole H on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 and a front projection of the second display area AA2 on the display panel 10 at least partially overlap, and the light valve 50 is located in the first through hole H.
Specifically, the display module 100 further includes a backlight module 20, and the backlight module 20 may be a direct type backlight module or a side-in type backlight module, which is not limited in the present application. By arranging the backlight module 20, the front projection of the backlight module 20 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 and the front projection of the first display area AA1 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 are at least partially overlapped, so that light supplementing can be performed for the first display area AA1, and the light requirement of the first display area AA1 during display is met. In addition, the backlight module 20 is further provided with a first through hole H. Through the arrangement of the first through hole H, the backlight module 20 is prevented from shielding the photosensitive element 30, and the normal operation of the photosensitive element 30 is prevented from being influenced. The light valve 50 is disposed in the first through hole H, i.e. the front projection of the light valve 50 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 and the front projection of the backlight module 20 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 do not overlap, which can avoid the increase of the overall thickness of the display module 100 caused by the introduction of the light valve 50 and is beneficial to the thinning of the display module 100.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the shape and the size of the first through hole H are only schematic and do not represent the actual shape and the size, and the shape and the size of the first through hole H can be adjusted according to the actual requirement.
Optionally, the distance between the edge of the light valve 50 and the aperture edge of the first through hole H is 0-0.3 mm, so as to ensure the light homogenizing effect of the light valve 50 in the non-photosensitive state, and avoid the process error in the manufacturing process, so that the light valve 50 cannot be placed in the first through hole H.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another BB' section of the display module of fig. 2, and further refer to fig. 2. The front projections of the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 are located in the front projection of the light valve 50 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10.
The inventor found in the research process that when the light emitted by the light compensating component 40 passes through the edge of the light valve 50, the light may be scattered, so that the light emitted upwards is reduced, the light intensity at the place is weaker, the display brightness at the place is lower, and a boundary is formed at the place in the display picture of the display module 100, so that the display effect of the display module 100 is affected. By setting the orthographic projections of the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 to be located in the orthographic projection of the light valve 50 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10, that is, the light valve 50 includes the first portion 501 and the second portion 510, where the orthographic projection of the second portion 510 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 and the orthographic projection of the second display area AA2 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 do not overlap, the whole surface of the light valve 50 is set at this time, so that a boundary line can be avoided to be formed in the display area, and uneven brightness in the display area is avoided, thereby improving the overall display effect of the display module 100.
Optionally, the edge of the light valve 50 is flush with the edge of the display panel 10.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, please continue to refer to fig. 2 and 4, the display module 100 further includes a non-display area NA, and the front projection of the edge of the light valve 50 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 is located in the front projection of the non-display area NA on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10.
Specifically, the display module 100 generally further includes a non-display area NA for setting a driving circuit and the like. The non-display area NA may be realized by providing a Black light shielding structure, such as a Black Matrix (BM), on the display panel 10, or may be realized by providing Black ink on a cover plate (not shown in the drawings), or providing a Black light shielding tape, which is not limited in the present application. In this embodiment, the edge of the light valve 50 may be disposed at a position corresponding to the non-display area NA, that is, the orthographic projection of the edge of the light valve 50 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 is located in the orthographic projection of the non-display area NA on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10, so as to avoid the phenomenon that the display module 100 has uneven brightness in the display area in the non-photosensitive state, thereby improving the overall display effect of the display module 100.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2-4, the display module 100 further includes a first polarizer 60, and the first polarizer 60 is located between the light valve 50 and the display panel 10.
It can be appreciated that the first polarizer 60 is disposed between the light valve 50 and the display panel 10, i.e. the first polarizer 60 is disposed on the surface of the display panel 10 near the photosensitive element 30, and the first polarizer 60 can be disposed entirely, so that the manufacturing process of the first polarizer 60 is simplified.
Optionally, the light valve 50 and the first polarizer 60 may be bonded by an optically transparent adhesive (OCA, optically Clear Adhesive, not shown in the figure), and since the optically transparent adhesive has a high light transmittance, the introduction of the optically transparent adhesive does not affect the light transmittance, so that the second display area AA2 can realize the display function and the photosensitive function. Meanwhile, the optically transparent adhesive can fix the light valve 50, so as to prevent the light valve 50 from freely moving and improve the reliability of the display module 100.
Optionally, the display module 100 may further include a second polarizer (not shown), where the second polarizer is located on a side of the display panel 10 away from the photosensitive element 30. It can be appreciated that when the display module 100 is a liquid crystal display module, the display function is realized by matching the liquid crystal with the first polarizer and the second polarizer.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 5 and 6, and further refer to fig. 2, wherein fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another BB 'of the display module of fig. 2, and fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another BB' of the display module of fig. 2. The display module further includes a first polarizer 60, the first polarizer 60 includes a first sub-portion 601, and at least a portion of an orthographic projection of the first sub-portion 601 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 and an orthographic projection of the second display area AA2 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 overlap, and the first sub-portion 601 is located on a side of the light valve 50 away from the display panel 10.
Specifically, the display panel 10 generally adopts a rigid substrate such as glass, the light valve 50 also generally includes a rigid substrate, and the first polarizer 60 is often made of a flexible material, when the display module is subjected to an external force or a high temperature, the deformation amounts of the rigid material and the flexible material are different, and at this time, there may be a pull between the rigid material and the flexible material, and by disposing the first sub-portion 601 on a side of the light valve 50 away from the display panel 10, the acting force of the rigid material on the first polarizer 60 can be reduced, thereby increasing the reliability of the display module 100. At this time, the light valve 50 may be adhered to the surface of the display panel 10 near the photosensitive element 30 by the optically transparent adhesive, so as to fix the light valve 50, avoid free movement of the light valve 50, and improve the reliability of the display module 100.
In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to fig. 2 and 5, the light valve 50 is located in the first through hole H of the backlight module 20, that is, the front projection of the light valve 50 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 and the front projection of the backlight module 20 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 are not overlapped, and at this time, the first polarizer 60 includes a first sub-portion 601 and a second sub-portion 602, wherein the second sub-portion 602 is attached to the surface of the display panel 10 near the backlight module 20, and the first sub-portion 601 is attached to the surface of the light valve 50 far from the display panel 10.
In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to fig. 2 and 6, the whole surface of the light valve 50 is disposed, that is, the orthographic projections of the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 are located in the orthographic projection of the light valve 50 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10, and at this time, the first polarizer 60 may be disposed on the whole surface and attached to the surface of the light valve 50 far from the side of the display panel 10, which is beneficial to simplifying the manufacturing process of the first polarizer 60.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 7, which is an enlarged schematic diagram of the light valve of fig. 3, and with continued reference to fig. 2 and 3, the light valve 50 includes a polymer liquid crystal 502.
Alternatively, the polymer liquid crystal 502 may be a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal, PDLC) or a polymer network steady state liquid crystal (Polymer Network Steady Liquid Crystal, pnLC). Wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hostThe low molecular liquid crystal and the prepolymer are polymerized under certain conditions to form liquid crystal micro-drops which are dispersed in a polymer network. The liquid crystal in the polymer network steady-state liquid crystal is distributed in the polymer three-dimensional network to form a continuous channel network. Taking polymer dispersed liquid crystal as an example, in the absence of an applied electric field, the optical axis orientation of the liquid crystal droplets assumes a disordered state with an effective refractive index n 0 Refractive index n with Polymer p Mismatch. At this time, when light is irradiated on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal, scattering occurs, and thus the polymer dispersed liquid crystal as a whole assumes an atomized state. When the polymer dispersed liquid crystal is in an electric field, the optical axis of the liquid crystal microdroplet is consistent with the direction of the electric field, and the effective refractive index n 0 Refractive index n with Polymer p And matching, and no obvious interface exists between the two. At this time, when light is irradiated on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the light is not scattered, and thus the polymer dispersed liquid crystal as a whole assumes a transparent state. And for the trans-polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the working state is opposite to that of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal, namely, the trans-polymer dispersed liquid crystal is in a transparent state when no electric field is applied, and the trans-polymer dispersed liquid crystal is in an atomized state when an external electric field is applied. Thus, by controlling whether or not an electric field is applied, the polymer liquid crystal 502 can be controlled to assume an atomized state or a transparent state, thereby providing the light valve 50 with a switchable atomized state and a transparent state. When the display module 100 is in a non-photosensitive stage, the first portion 501 of the light valve 50 is in an atomized state, so that the light emitted by the light supplementing component 40 is scattered, and the light supplementing is uniformly performed on the second display area AA2, so that the display uniformity of the display module 100 is improved, the design of a comprehensive screen is realized, and the requirement of a user on a high screen ratio is met. When the display module 100 is in the photosensitive stage, the first portion 501 is in a transparent state, which is favorable for ensuring the normal operation of the photosensitive element 30 and meeting the photosensitive requirement of the user on the display module 100.
Alternatively, the different types of polymer liquid crystals 502 may have different fluidity, and when the polymer liquid crystals 502 have higher fluidity, a frame glue (not shown) may be disposed around the light valve 50 to prevent the polymer liquid crystals 502 from flowing out of the light valve 50. When the fluidity of the polymer liquid crystal 502 is low, the frame glue may not be provided. The application is not limited in this regard.
Optionally, the overall thickness of the light valve 50 may be 5-20 μm, so that the use effect of the light valve 50 can be ensured, and meanwhile, the overall thickness of the display module 100 can be prevented from being too large.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, with continued reference to fig. 2, 3 and 7, the light valve 50 includes a first electrode layer 503 and a second electrode layer 504, with at least a portion of the polymer liquid crystal 502 being located between the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504.
Specifically, the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 are respectively disposed on two sides of the polymer liquid crystal 502, and an electric field is formed between the two electrode layers by applying a voltage to the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504, so that the state of the polymer liquid crystal 502 is changed, and the switching between the atomized state and the transparent state is realized, thereby meeting different requirements of the display module 100 on display and sensitization, and realizing the design of a full screen.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, and with continued reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 7, the light valve 50 includes a first substrate 505 and a second substrate 506; the first substrate 505 includes a first surface 5051, the first surface 5051 being located on a side of the first substrate 505 away from the display panel 10, the second substrate 506 includes a second surface 5061, the second surface 5061 being located on a side of the second substrate 506 near the display panel 10; the first electrode layer 503 is located on the first surface 5051, and the second electrode layer 504 is located on the second surface 5061.
It should be understood that, in fig. 7, only the light valve 50 is shown as being disposed in the first through hole H, and in other embodiments of the present application, when the light valve 50 is disposed over the entire surface, i.e. the front projections of the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 on the light exit surface of the display panel 10 are located in the front projections of the light valve 50 on the light exit surface of the display panel 10, the light valve 50 may also be disposed in the manner of this embodiment.
Specifically, the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 are respectively disposed on the first substrate 505 and the second substrate 506, at this time, the light valve 50 can be separately prepared, and then assembled with the display panel 10, the first polarizer 60, and other parts, so that the whole display module 100 can be prevented from being scrapped due to poor manufacturing of the light valve 50, and the cost is saved.
Alternatively, the first substrate 505 and the second substrate 506 may be glass substrates, or plastic transparent materials, and the thickness of the first substrate and the second substrate may be 0.1-0.2 mm, and the appropriate materials and thicknesses may be selected according to the type and other conditions of the polymer liquid crystal 502, which is not limited in the present application.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view of another BB' section of the display module 100 of fig. 2, and further refer to fig. 2. The display panel 10 includes a third substrate 101, the third substrate 101 is located on a side of the display panel 10 close to the light valve 50, a side of the third substrate 101 close to the photosensitive element 30 further includes a third surface 1011, and the first electrode layer 503 is located on the third surface 1011.
It should be understood that, in fig. 8, only the light valve 50 is shown as being disposed in the first through hole H, and in other embodiments of the present application, when the light valve 50 is disposed over the entire surface, i.e. the front projections of the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 on the light exit surface of the display panel 10 are located in the front projections of the light valve 50 on the light exit surface of the display panel 10, the light valve 50 may also be disposed in the manner of this embodiment.
Specifically, by disposing the first electrode layer 503 on the third surface 1011 of the third substrate 101, no additional substrate is required to dispose the first electrode layer 503, which is beneficial to reducing the overall thickness of the display module 100, thereby meeting the requirement of light and thin display module 100.
Optionally, the light valve 50 includes a fourth substrate 507, the fourth substrate 507 includes a fourth surface 5071, the fourth surface 5071 is located on a side of the fourth substrate 507 close to the display panel 10, and the second electrode layer 504 is disposed on the fourth surface 5071.
Alternatively, the display panel 10 may include an array substrate (not shown), and the third substrate 101 may be a substrate of the array substrate.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 9, wherein fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the light valve of fig. 4, and further refer to fig. 2 and 4. The front projection of the light valve 50 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 at least partially overlaps the front projection of the first display area AA1 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10, and the front projections of the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 at least partially overlap the front projection of the first display area AA1 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10.
Specifically, the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 may be provided entirely. The electrode layer is arranged on the whole surface, the manufacturing process is simple, the manufacturing process of the light valve 50 can be simplified, and meanwhile, the whole surface of the electrode layer is arranged, so that a uniform electric field is formed, the polymer liquid crystal 502 rotates more uniformly, the phenomenon that the polymer liquid crystal 502 does not rotate due to the non-uniformity of a local electric field is avoided, the non-uniformity phenomenon exists when the light valve 50 is switched in a mode, and the display or photosensitive effect of the display module 100 is affected. The front projections of the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10 at least partially overlap with the front projection of the first display area AA1 on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 10, i.e. the first portion 501 and the second portion 510 are each provided with the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504. Since the first display area AA1 is in the display state no matter the display module 100 is in the non-photosensitive stage or the photosensitive stage, the second portion 510 has a switch between the atomized state and the transparent state, but does not affect the light entering the display panel 10 from the backlight module 20, and therefore does not affect the display of the first display area AA 1.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 10, fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the light valve of fig. 4, and further refer to fig. 2 and fig. 4. The front projection of the light valve 50 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 at least partially overlaps with the front projection of the first display area AA1 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10, and the front projections of the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 do not overlap with the front projection of the first display area AA1 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10.
Specifically, the first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 are provided in the first portion 501, whereby state switching of the first portion 501 is achieved. The first electrode layer 503 and the second electrode layer 504 are not disposed in the second portion 510, and the polymer liquid crystal 502 in the second portion 510 is kept in an initial state, i.e. fixed in an atomized state or a transparent state, so as to avoid the influence of the state switching moment of the polymer liquid crystal 502 in the second portion 510 on the display effect of the first display area AA 1.
It will be appreciated that the initial state of the polymer liquid crystal 502 in the second portion 510 may be an atomized state or a transparent state, and that a suitable polymer liquid crystal 502 may be selected according to practical requirements, which is not limited in the present application.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the photosensitive element 30 includes a first portion 301, the photosensitive element 30 is photosensitive through the first portion 301, and the front projection of the light compensating component 40 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 does not overlap with the front projection of the first portion 301 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10.
Specifically, since the front projection of the light supplementing component 40 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 and the front projection of the first sub-portion 301 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 do not overlap, the light supplementing component 40 can be prevented from shielding the first sub-portion 301 when the photosensitive element 30 performs the photosensitive operation, thereby affecting the normal operation of the photosensitive element 30. For example, when the photosensitive element 30 is a camera module, the first portion 301 may be a camera, and since the front projection of the light compensating module 40 on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 and the front projection of the camera on the light emitting surface of the display panel 10 do not overlap, the light compensating module 40 can be prevented from leaving a dark image in the photo during the imaging process of the camera module, which affects the imaging effect.
Alternatively, the light supplementing assembly 40 may be an annular light supplementing source or may be light supplementing lamps arranged in an annular shape, so as to uniformly supplement light to the second display area AA2.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a display device, and fig. 11 is a structural diagram of the display device provided by the present application. The display device comprises the display module. It can be understood that the display module provided by the application can be a water drop screen, a hole digging screen, a bang screen or a full screen (under screen camera). The display device 200 provided by the present application may be: any product or component with display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital camera, a navigator and the like.
According to the display module and the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, at least the following beneficial effects are realized:
in the display module and the display device provided by the application, the display module comprises a photosensitive stage and a display non-photosensitive stage, when the display module is in the display non-photosensitive stage, the first part of the light valve is in an atomized state, and at the moment, the light emitted by the light supplementing component is scattered through the light valve to supplement light for the second display area, so that the brightness of the second display area in the display non-photosensitive stage is improved, the brightness difference between the first display area and the second display area is reduced, the display uniformity of the display module in the display non-photosensitive stage is improved, and the requirement of a user on a comprehensive screen is met; when the display module is in the photosensitive stage, the first part of the light valve is in a transparent state, and light can enter the photosensitive element through the first part, so that the normal operation of the photosensitive element is guaranteed.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the application in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the application be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the application, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the application.

Claims (14)

1. The display module is characterized by comprising a display panel, wherein the display panel comprises a first display area and a second display area, and the light transmittance of the first display area is smaller than that of the second display area; the display module assembly still includes:
the light sensing element is positioned on one side of the display panel, and the orthographic projection of the light sensing element on the light emitting surface of the display panel at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second display area on the light emitting surface of the display panel;
the light supplementing assembly is positioned on one side of the display panel, which is close to the photosensitive element, and the orthographic projection of the light supplementing assembly on the light emitting surface of the display panel is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the second display area on the light emitting surface of the display panel;
the light valve is positioned between the display panel and the light supplementing component, and comprises a first part, wherein the orthographic projection of the first part on the light emitting surface of the display panel at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second display area on the light emitting surface of the display panel;
the display module comprises a photosensitive stage and a display non-photosensitive stage, wherein in the display non-photosensitive stage, the first part is in an atomized state, and light emitted by the light supplementing component is scattered through the light valve; in the photosensitive stage, the first portion is in a transparent state.
2. The display module of claim 1, further comprising a backlight module positioned on a side of the display panel adjacent to the photosensitive element, the backlight module comprising a first through hole, a front projection of the first through hole on the light exit surface of the display panel at least partially overlapping with a front projection of the second display area on the display panel, the light valve positioned within the first through hole.
3. The display module of claim 1, wherein the orthographic projections of the first display area and the second display area on the light-emitting surface of the display panel are located in the orthographic projection of the light valve on the light-emitting surface of the display panel.
4. A display module according to claim 3, further comprising a non-display region, wherein the orthographic projection of the edge of the light valve on the light-emitting surface of the display panel is located within the orthographic projection of the non-display region on the light-emitting surface of the display panel.
5. The display module of claim 1, further comprising a first polarizer positioned between the light valve and the display panel.
6. The display module of claim 1, further comprising a first polarizer comprising a first sub-portion, the orthographic projection of the first sub-portion on the light exit surface of the display panel at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of the second display area on the light exit surface of the display panel, the first sub-portion being located on a side of the light valve away from the display panel.
7. The display module of claim 1, wherein the light valve comprises a polymer liquid crystal.
8. The display module of claim 7, wherein the light valve comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, at least a portion of the polymer liquid crystal being located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.
9. The display module of claim 8, wherein the light valve comprises a first substrate and a second substrate; the first substrate comprises a first surface, the first surface is positioned on one side of the first substrate far away from the display panel, the second substrate comprises a second surface, and the second surface is positioned on one side of the second substrate near the display panel; the first electrode layer is located on the first surface, and the second electrode layer is located on the second surface.
10. The display module of claim 8, wherein the display panel comprises a third substrate, the third substrate is located on a side of the display panel near the light valve, a side of the third substrate near the photosensitive element further comprises a third surface, and the first electrode layer is located on the third surface.
11. The display module of claim 8, wherein the front projection of the light valve on the display panel light exit surface at least partially overlaps the front projection of the first display region on the display panel light exit surface, and wherein the front projections of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer on the display panel light exit surface at least partially overlap the front projection of the first display region on the display panel light exit surface.
12. The display module of claim 8, wherein the front projection of the light valve on the light exit surface of the display panel at least partially overlaps the front projection of the first display region on the light exit surface of the display panel, and wherein the front projections of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer on the light exit surface of the display panel do not overlap the front projection of the first display region on the light exit surface of the display panel.
13. The display module of claim 1, wherein the light-sensing element includes a first portion, the light-sensing element senses light through the first portion, and the front projection of the light-compensating assembly on the light-emitting surface of the display panel does not overlap with the front projection of the first portion on the light-emitting surface of the display panel.
14. A display device comprising the display module of claims 1-13.
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