CN113865975A - Fault rate evaluation equipment for lead and use method thereof - Google Patents
Fault rate evaluation equipment for lead and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113865975A CN113865975A CN202111153928.XA CN202111153928A CN113865975A CN 113865975 A CN113865975 A CN 113865975A CN 202111153928 A CN202111153928 A CN 202111153928A CN 113865975 A CN113865975 A CN 113865975A
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- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 208000025274 Lightning injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault rate evaluation device of a lead and a use method thereof, and the fault rate evaluation device comprises a machine body, wherein a material placing cavity with a left opening is arranged in the machine body, the fault rate evaluation device can simulate a real environment to test the lead in a severe weather environment, bird rising and falling impact, man-made impact or bird heavy pressure, and can determine the fault rate of the lead in a test time and a certain test range according to the number of times the lead is damaged in the test, and test data have visibility and are convenient to observe; in addition, the wire can be automatically clamped when multiple experiments are carried out, so that the manual operation steps are reduced, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced; the experimental conditions of the rainstorm test, the gust test, the stress test and the impact test in the invention can be adjusted, and workers can adjust data such as the power of a detected motor, so that the simulation environment is more fit with the environment where the wire is used, and the reliability of the experimental data is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of conductors, in particular to a fault rate evaluation device of a conductor and a use method thereof.
Background
The overhead conductor plays a role in electric energy transmission and is an important and indispensable part of a power grid. When the device breaks down, huge property loss is brought to the society. Therefore, the safe and stable operation of the device is particularly important for the production construction of the society and the living order of people. However, the wire is exposed in natural environment conditions for a long time, not only bears natural disasters such as strong wind, strong rain and lightning stroke, but also bears fault risks such as normal self-aging, bird damage and foreign object impact, at present, few devices capable of measuring the fault rate of the wire are available on the market, and the currently used method for measuring the fault rate of the wire cannot be matched with the material of the wire generally and cannot be adapted to the ground, so that data obtained by the current fault rate measuring method has distortion.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fault rate evaluation device of a lead and a use method thereof, and the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
the fault rate evaluation equipment for the lead comprises a machine body, wherein a material placing cavity with a left opening is arranged in the machine body, a discharging shaft is connected in the rear wall of the material placing cavity in a rotating mode, a lead coil is placed on the discharging shaft, a test cavity is arranged in the machine body, a channel penetrating into the material placing cavity is arranged in the left side surface of the test cavity, a motor cavity is arranged in the machine body, four rotating holes penetrating into the channel are arranged in the front side surface of the motor cavity, rotating shafts extending to two sides of each rotating hole are connected in a rotating mode, concave wheels are arranged at the front ends of the rotating shafts, the lead coil extends out of the lead and can be clamped among the four concave wheels, a feeding mechanism capable of driving the four rotating shafts to move is arranged in the rear wall of the test cavity, and sliding blocks are connected in the sliding mode from left to right in the sliding groove, a clamping groove with an upward opening is arranged in the front side face of the sliding block, a longitudinal threaded shaft is connected in the lower side face of the clamping groove in a rotating mode, two threaded blocks in threaded connection with the longitudinal threaded shaft are connected in the clamping groove in a vertical sliding mode, a clamping plate is connected on the opposite side faces of the two threaded blocks through a plurality of springs, a transfer mechanism is arranged in the sliding groove and can enable the clamping plate to move to clamp the lead, the transfer mechanism can drive the sliding block to move to enable the lead to be detected conveniently, a hammering cavity is arranged in the lower side face of the test cavity, a bearing shaft is connected in the left side face and the right side face of the hammering cavity in a rotating mode, a hammering block is fixedly arranged on the bearing shaft, a pressure applying cavity is arranged in the rear side face of the hammering block, a pressure applying block is connected in the front and back sliding mode in the pressure applying cavity, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the rear side face of the pressure applying block, be equipped with micro motor on the leading flank in chamber of exerting pressure, micro motor's trailing flank install with the small-size threaded shaft of the piece threaded connection of exerting pressure, it sprays the mouth to be equipped with the several in the upside in test chamber, the downside in test chamber is equipped with the backward flow chamber, and be equipped with in the organism and detect actuating mechanism, it can the selectivity drive to detect actuating mechanism the hammering piece swing is in order to strike and heavy burden test to the wire, and it can the selectivity make water and air pass through the test that sprays the mouth in order to simulate bad weather to the wire to detect actuating mechanism.
Further, feed mechanism is including locating the feeding motor of motor chamber trailing flank, four the pivot becomes rectangular array distribution, and the feeding motor can drive to be located the upper right side the pivot is in two sets of same height the pivot is connected through the hold-in range respectively, is located the upper right side the pivot with be located the downside on the right side the pivot is connected through the hold-in range No. two of splayed.
Furthermore, be located about two between the slider the side is equipped with cuts cut groove in the passageway, it has the cutting knife to slide from top to bottom in the cut groove, the cutting knife can electrically conduct, just the cutting knife through a plurality of No. two spring coupling in cut groove's the side of going up, be equipped with in the side of going up that cuts cut groove and reject the electromagnet for cutting of cutting knife, the right flank of test chamber is equipped with and holds the piece, it is equipped with current detector in the piece to hold.
Further, transport mechanism including rotate connect in connecting axle in the wall behind the centre gripping groove, the connecting axle pass through bevel gear group with vertical threaded shaft connects, and be equipped with the gear on the connecting axle, the side of going up of spout set firmly can with gear complex rack, be equipped with on the lower side of centre gripping groove with the frictional friction pulley of vertical threaded shaft, be equipped with the transportation motor on the right flank of spout, the left surface of transporting the motor install with slider threaded connection's horizontal threaded shaft, the grip block extends forward to in the experimental intracavity.
Further, it is including locating to detect actuating mechanism the detection motor in the hammering chamber left surface, be equipped with the piston chamber in the organism, the right flank that detects the motor is installed and is run through extend to behind the hammering chamber main shaft in the piston chamber, be connected with the eccentric wheel through coupling mechanism on the anchor ring of main shaft, be equipped with the annular in the outer anchor ring of eccentric wheel, the medial surface of annular is equipped with the spread groove, the leading flank of hammering piece has set firmly through the annular and extends to extension rod in the spread groove, and the end of extension rod is equipped with the sliding block, the sliding block can not leave the spread groove.
Furthermore, a disc is fixedly arranged at the right end of the main shaft, a connecting rod is arranged on the right side face of the disc, a piston is connected in the piston cavity in a sliding mode, the front side face of the piston is hinged to a connecting rod which is connected to the outer side face of the connecting rod in a rotating mode, a water inlet hole communicated with the backflow cavity is formed in the side face of the piston cavity, an air inlet hole and an ineffective hole which are communicated outwards are formed in the side face of the piston cavity, a ball valve is arranged in each of the air inlet hole and the ineffective hole, a confluence cavity communicated with all the spraying ports is formed in the machine body, an outlet hole communicated with the confluence cavity is formed in the side face of the piston cavity, and a one-way valve is arranged in each of the outlet hole, the air inlet hole and the water inlet hole.
Furthermore, the connecting mechanism comprises a through groove which is arranged in the eccentric wheel and is communicated left and right for the main shaft to pass through, the eccentric wheel and the main shaft keep relative position through a bearing, a clamping groove is arranged in the side face of the main shaft, an embedding block is connected to the ring surface of the through groove through a third spring, an electromagnet capable of repelling the embedding block is arranged on the ring surface of the through groove, and a limiting fixing block is arranged on the ring surface of the through groove.
The invention relates to a use method of a fault rate evaluation device of a lead, which comprises the following working procedures:
in the first step, when the wire needs to be evaluated, a worker places a wire coil on a discharging shaft and clamps the wire extending from the wire coil between two concave wheels on the left side.
After the second step, the feeding motor is electrified and drives the four concave wheels to rotate, the lead moves rightwards and is clamped in the four concave wheels, then the lead moves to a position between the two clamping plates along with the continuous movement of the lead, the transfer motor starts to be electrified and drives the sliding block to move rightwards, the clamping plates approach to each other in the movement process of the sliding block, the clamping plates finish the clamping action on the lead when the sliding block moves to the right side of the rack, the right end of the lead is positioned at the right side of the clamping plates, then the sliding block and the lead continue to move rightwards, the transfer motor and the feeding motor are powered off when the sliding block moves to the right limit, the right end of the lead is contacted with the current detector, the lead positioned in the test cavity is slightly loosened and not in a tight state, then the cutting electromagnet keeps an electrified state, and when the cutting electromagnet is electrified, the cutting knife can move downwards and cut the lead positioned between the left row of rotating shafts and the right row of rotating shafts, then electrifying the cutting knife, wherein the current detector can sense the current of the lead at the moment, and the preparation work before the test is finished at the moment;
thirdly, if the fault rate detection under the extreme environment is needed, the detection motor is powered on and drives the main shaft to rotate, if the two ball valves are closed, the rainstorm test is carried out, water is sprayed onto the lead through the spraying port, then the water flows back to the backflow cavity, if the ball valve positioned in the air inlet is opened, the gusty wind test is carried out, air is sprayed onto the lead through the spraying port, if the current detector senses current interruption in the test process, the lead is damaged, if the current detector detects the power failure of the motor after a group of experiments are completed, a new lead needs to be replaced for repeated test, the transfer motor is powered on and drives the slide block to move leftwards, the lead positioned in the test cavity is bent in the process that the slide block moves leftwards, the transfer motor is powered off when the slide block moves to the left limit, the two clamping plates are opened and the lead is not clamped, then the cutting electromagnet is powered off, at the moment, the cutting electromagnet can move upwards under the action of the elastic force of the spring, then the feeding motor is electrified to enable the concave wheel to drive the lead to move again, at the moment, the cut and bent lead can completely enter the test cavity and fall into the backflow cavity, a brand new lead can enter between the two clamping plates again, at the moment, the action of the second step is repeated, the lead can be clamped again, the lead can be tested again, and the probability that the lead stops conducting in multiple tests can be the fault rate of the lead under the severe condition of specific time;
if a load test is to be carried out, a detection motor is powered on under the condition that an embedded electromagnet keeps powered on, the main shaft rotates and drives the hammering block to swing, the detection motor is powered off when the upper rear side of the hammering block swings to the rear limit position, the pressing block abuts against a lead in the test cavity, the indication number of a pressure sensor is the pressure transmitted to the lead by the pressing block, if the micro motor is powered on and drives the small-sized threaded shaft to periodically rotate forwards and backwards in a certain interval, the lead can receive the pressure changed in the certain interval, a new lead is replaced after a certain time for carrying out the test again, and after the test for a certain number of times, the ratio of the damage amount of the lead to the test number is the compression failure rate of the lead in the pressure interval and the test time;
and fifthly, if the impact test is to be carried out, the detection motor is powered on under the condition that the embedding electromagnet keeps powered on, the main shaft rotates and drives the hammering block to periodically swing, the pressing block periodically impacts the lead at the moment, the pressure of the pressure sensor is the impact force transmitted to the lead by each impact, the impact force can be changed by powering the micro motor to change the position of the pressing block, a new lead is replaced and the test is carried out again after a certain time, and after the test for a certain number of times, the ratio of the damaged amount of the lead to the test number is the impact failure rate of the lead under the impact force and the impact number of times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can simulate the real environment to test the lead in severe weather environment, bird landing impact, man-made impact or bird heavy pressure, and can determine the fault rate of the lead in the test time and a certain test range according to the number of times of the lead damage in the test, and the test data has visibility and is convenient for observation;
the test is carried out for multiple times to avoid the contingency, and the wire can be automatically clamped when the test is carried out for multiple times, so that the manual operation steps are reduced, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced;
the experimental conditions of the rainstorm test, the gust test, the stress test and the impact test in the invention can be adjusted, and workers can adjust data such as the power of a detected motor, so that the simulation environment is more fit with the environment where the wire is used, and the reliability of the experimental data is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the slider structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure at the channel of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure at the inner motor cavity of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the eccentric wheel of FIG. 2;
fig. 8 is a left side schematic view of the hammer block of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the following embodiments are only used for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort belong to the scope of the present invention:
referring to fig. 1 to 8, a wire failure rate evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a machine body 11, a material placing cavity 12 with a left opening is provided in the machine body 11, a material discharging shaft 13 is rotatably connected to a rear wall of the material placing cavity 12, a wire coil 14 is placed on the material discharging shaft 13, a test cavity 15 is provided in the machine body 11, a channel 16 penetrating into the material placing cavity 12 is provided in a left side surface of the test cavity 15, a motor cavity 17 is provided in the machine body 11, four rotating holes penetrating into the channel 16 are provided in a front side surface of the motor cavity 17, a rotating shaft 18 extending to two sides of each rotating hole is rotatably connected to each rotating hole, a concave wheel 32 is installed at a front end of the rotating shaft 18, the wire coil 14 extends out of a wire and can be clamped between the four concave wheels 32, a feeding mechanism 101 capable of driving the four rotating shafts 18 to move is provided in the motor cavity 17, the rear wall of the test cavity 15 is provided with a sliding groove 19, the sliding groove 19 is connected with a sliding block 20 in a left-right sliding manner, the front side surface of the sliding block 20 is provided with a clamping groove 21 with an upward opening, the lower side surface of the clamping groove 21 is connected with a longitudinal threaded shaft 22 in a rotating manner, the clamping groove 21 is connected with two threaded blocks 23 in a vertical sliding manner, the longitudinal threaded shaft 22 is in threaded connection with the two threaded blocks 23, the opposite side surfaces of the two threaded blocks 23 are connected with a clamping plate 24 through a plurality of springs I, the sliding groove 19 is provided with a transfer mechanism 102, the transfer mechanism 102 can enable the clamping plate 24 to move to clamp the lead, the transfer mechanism 102 can drive the sliding block 20 to move to enable the lead to be detected conveniently, the lower side surface of the test cavity 15 is provided with a hammering cavity 25, and the left side surface and right side surface of the hammering cavity 25 are connected with a bearing shaft 26 in a rotating manner, a hammering block 27 is fixedly arranged on the bearing shaft 26, a pressure applying cavity 28 is arranged in the rear side surface of the hammering block 27, a pressure applying block 29 is connected in the pressure applying cavity 28 in a front-back sliding manner, and the rear side of the pressure applying block 29 is provided with a pressure sensor, the front side of the pressure applying cavity 28 is provided with a micro motor 30, a small-sized threaded shaft in threaded connection with the pressurizing block 29 is mounted on the rear side surface of the micro motor 30, a plurality of spraying ports 31 are arranged in the upper side surface of the test cavity 15, a return cavity 33 is arranged on the lower side surface of the test cavity 15, and a detection driving mechanism 103 is arranged in the machine body 11, the detection driving mechanism 103 can selectively drive the hammering block 27 to swing so as to carry out impact and load tests on the conducting wire, and the detection driving mechanism 103 can selectively enable water and air to pass through the spraying port 31 so as to perform a test simulating severe weather on the lead.
Further, feed mechanism 101 is including locating the feeding motor 34 of motor chamber 17 trailing flank, four pivot 18 becomes rectangular array distribution, and feeding motor 34 can drive and be located upper right side pivot 18, be in two sets of same height pivot 18 is connected through hold-in range 35 respectively, is located upper right side pivot 18 with be located the lower right side pivot 18 is connected through No. two hold-in ranges 36 of splayed, works as feeding motor 34 can drive when circular telegram and be located upper right side pivot 18 rotates, is located two of upside this moment pivot 18 with be located two of downside pivot 18 rotation opposite direction to drive and be located two of upside concave wheel 32 with be located the downside concave wheel 32 rotation opposite direction.
Furthermore, a cutting groove 37 is formed in the upper side face of the channel 16 between the left row of the sliders 20 and the right row of the sliders 20, a cutting knife 38 slides up and down in the cutting groove 37, the cutting knife 38 can conduct electricity, the cutting knife 38 is connected to the upper side face of the cutting groove 37 through a plurality of second springs, a cutting electromagnet 39 capable of repelling the cutting knife 38 is arranged in the upper side face of the cutting groove 37, a bearing block is arranged on the right side face of the test cavity 15, a current detector 41 is arranged in the bearing block, and the cutting knife 38 can cut a lead.
Furthermore, the transferring mechanism 102 includes a connecting shaft 42 rotatably connected to the rear wall of the clamping groove 21, the connecting shaft 42 is connected to the longitudinal threaded shaft 22 through a bevel gear set 43, a gear is disposed on the connecting shaft 42, a rack 40 capable of cooperating with the gear is fixedly disposed on the upper side surface of the sliding groove 19, a friction wheel 44 capable of rubbing against the longitudinal threaded shaft 22 is disposed on the lower side surface of the clamping groove 21, a transferring motor 45 is disposed on the right side surface of the sliding groove 19, a transverse threaded shaft 46 in threaded connection with the sliding block 20 is mounted on the left side surface of the transferring motor 45, the clamping plate 24 extends forward into the test cavity 15, when the transferring motor 45 is powered on, the sliding block 20 is driven by the transverse threaded shaft 46 to move leftward or rightward, when the sliding block 20 located at the left limit starts to move rightward, the rack 40 drives the gear to rotate so as to rotate the connecting shaft 42, when the connecting shaft 42 rotates, the bevel gear set 43 drives the longitudinal threaded shaft 22 to rotate, so that the two threaded blocks 23 approach each other, and after the gear moves to the right and is separated from the rack 40, the longitudinal threaded shaft 22 stops moving under the action of the friction wheel 44 during the rightward movement process of the sliding block 20.
Further, the detection drive mechanism 103 includes a detection motor 47 provided in a left side face of the hammering chamber 25, a piston cavity 48 is arranged in the machine body 11, a main shaft 49 which penetrates through the hammering cavity 25 and then extends into the piston cavity 48 is arranged on the right side surface of the detection motor 47, the ring surface of the main shaft 49 is connected with an eccentric wheel 50 through a connecting mechanism 104, a ring groove 51 is arranged in the outer ring surface of the eccentric wheel 50, the inner side surface of the ring groove 51 is provided with a connecting groove 52, the front side surface of the hammering block 27 is fixedly provided with an extending rod 53 which passes through the ring groove 51 and extends into the connecting groove 52, and the end of the extension rod 53 is provided with a sliding block, which does not leave the connecting groove 52, when the eccentric wheel 50 rotates, the sliding block and the extension rod 53 drive the hammering block 27 to periodically swing, and in the process, the sliding block slides in the connecting groove 52.
Furthermore, a disc 54 is fixedly arranged at the right end of the main shaft 49, a connecting rod 55 is arranged on the right side surface of the disc 54, a piston 57 is connected in the piston cavity 48 in a front-back sliding manner, a connecting rod 56 rotatably connected to the outer side surface of the connecting rod 55 is hinged to the front side surface of the piston 57, when the main shaft 49 rotates, the connecting rod 55 is driven to rotate by driving the disc 54, at the moment, the connecting rod 56 is driven to swing by the connecting rod 55 so as to enable the piston 57 to move back and forth periodically, a water inlet 58 communicated with the return cavity 33 is arranged on the side surface of the piston cavity 48, an air inlet 59 and a failure hole 60 which are communicated with the outside are arranged in the side surface of the piston cavity 48, a ball valve is arranged in each of the air inlet 59 and the failure hole 60, a confluence cavity 61 communicated with all the spraying ports 31 is arranged in the machine body 11, an outlet 62 communicated with the confluence cavity 61 is arranged in the side surface of the piston cavity 48, the outlet hole 62, the air inlet hole 59 and the water inlet hole 58 are respectively provided with a one-way valve, under the condition that the two ball valves are closed, if the piston 57 moves back and forth at the moment, water in the backflow cavity 33 can be periodically sprayed onto a wire in the test cavity 15 through the water inlet hole 58, the piston cavity 48, the outlet hole 62, the confluence cavity 61 and the spray opening 31 in sequence, under the condition that the ball valve in the air inlet hole 59 is opened, air can be sprayed onto the wire through the spray opening 31 due to the periodic back and forth movement of the piston 57, and when the ball valve in the failure hole 60 is opened, the piston 57 does not move air or water any more.
Further, the connecting mechanism 104 includes a through groove 63 provided in the eccentric 50 to pass through the main shaft 49 in the left-right direction, the eccentric 50 and the main shaft 49 are held in a relative positional relationship by a bearing, a clamping groove 64 is arranged in the side surface of the main shaft 49, an embedded block 65 is connected to the ring surface of the through groove 63 through a third spring, an insertion electromagnet 66 capable of repelling the insertion block 65 is provided on the circumferential surface of the through-groove 63, a limit fixing block is arranged on the ring surface of the through groove 63, the limit fixing block can limit the sliding direction of the embedded block 65 and only can slide inside and outside by taking the axis of the through groove 63 as the center, when the embedding electromagnet 66 is energized, the embedding block 65 is repelled and tends to be embedded into the slot 64, and at this time, the rotation of the main shaft 49 can drive the embedding block 65 and the limit fixing block to rotate the connecting slot 52.
The invention relates to a use method of a fault rate evaluation device of a lead, which comprises the following working procedures:
first step when an evaluation of the wire is required the operator places the wire reel 14 on the laying shaft 13 and clamps the wire extending from the wire reel 14 between two concave wheels 32 on the left.
After the second step, the feeding motor 34 is powered on and drives the four concave wheels 32 to rotate, the wire moves rightwards and is clamped in the four concave wheels 32, then the wire moves to a position between the two clamping plates 24 along with the continuous movement of the wire, the transfer motor 45 starts to be powered on and drives the sliding block 20 to move rightwards, the clamping plates 24 approach to each other in the movement process of the sliding block 20, the clamping plates 24 finish the clamping action on the wire when the sliding block 20 moves to the right side of the rack 40, the right end of the wire is positioned at the right side of the clamping plates 24, then the sliding block 20 and the wire continue to move rightwards, the transfer motor 45 and the feeding motor 34 are powered off when the sliding block 20 moves to the right limit, the right end of the wire is contacted with the current detector 41, the wire positioned in the test cavity 15 is slightly loose and is not in a tight state, and then the cutting electromagnet 39 keeps the powered on state, when the cutting electromagnet 39 is electrified, the cutting knife 38 moves downwards and cuts the conducting wire between the left and right rows of rotating shafts 18, then the cutting knife 38 is electrified, the current detector 41 can sense the current of the conducting wire, and the preparation work before the test is finished;
thirdly, if the fault rate detection under the extreme environment is needed, the detection motor 47 is powered on and drives the main shaft 49 to rotate, if both ball valves are closed, the rainstorm test is carried out, water is sprayed onto the lead through the spraying port 31, then the water flows back to the return cavity 33, if the ball valve positioned in the air inlet 59 is opened, the gusty wind test is carried out, air is sprayed onto the lead through the spraying port 31, if the current detector 41 senses current interruption in the test process, the lead is damaged, if the current detector detects that the lead is damaged after a group of experiments are finished, the detection motor 47 is powered off, a new lead needs to be replaced for repeated tests, the transfer motor 45 is powered on and drives the slide block 20 to move leftwards, the lead positioned in the test cavity 15 is bent in the process that the slide block 20 moves leftwards, the transfer motor 45 is powered off when the slide block 20 moves to the left limit, the two clamping plates 24 are opened and the lead is not clamped, then the cutting electromagnet 39 is powered off, at the moment, the cutting electromagnet 39 moves upwards under the action of the elastic force of the spring, then the feeding motor 34 is electrified and enables the concave wheel 32 to drive the lead to move again, at the moment, the cut and bent lead can completely enter the test cavity 15 and fall into the backflow cavity 33, a brand new lead can enter between the two clamping plates 24 again, at the moment, the action of the second step is repeated, the lead can be clamped again, the lead can be tested again, and the probability that the lead stops conducting in multiple tests can be the fault rate of the lead under the severe condition of specific time;
fourthly, if a load test is to be carried out, the detection motor 47 is powered on under the condition that the embedded electromagnet 66 is kept powered on, the main shaft 49 rotates and drives the hammering block 27 to swing, the detection motor 47 is powered off when the upper rear side of the hammering block 27 swings to the rear limit, the pressing block 29 is abutted to the lead positioned in the test cavity 15, the indication number of the pressure sensor is the pressure transmitted to the lead by the pressing block 29, if the micro motor 30 is powered on and drives the small-sized threaded shaft to periodically rotate forward and backward in a certain interval, the lead can receive the pressure changed in the certain interval at the moment, a new lead is replaced after a certain time for carrying out the test again, and the ratio of the damage amount of the lead to the test number is the compression failure rate of the lead in the pressure interval and the test time after the test for a certain number of times;
and fifthly, if the impact test is to be carried out, the detection motor 47 is electrified under the condition that the embedding electromagnet 66 is kept electrified, the main shaft 49 rotates and drives the hammering block 27 to periodically swing, the pressing block 29 periodically impacts the lead at the moment, the pressure of the pressure sensor is the impact force transmitted to the lead by each impact, the impact force can be changed by electrifying the micro motor 30 to change the position of the pressing block 29, a new lead is replaced after a certain time and the test is carried out again, and after the test for a certain number of times, the ratio of the damaged amount of the lead to the tested number is the impact failure rate of the lead under the impact force and the impact number.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can simulate the real environment to test the lead in severe weather environment, bird landing impact, man-made impact or bird heavy pressure, and can determine the fault rate of the lead in the test time and a certain test range according to the number of times of the lead damage in the test, and the test data has visibility and is convenient for observation;
the test is carried out for multiple times to avoid the contingency, and the wire can be automatically clamped when the test is carried out for multiple times, so that the manual operation steps are reduced, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced;
the experimental conditions of the rainstorm test, the gust test, the stress test and the impact test in the invention can be adjusted, and workers can adjust data such as the power of a detected motor, so that the simulation environment is more fit with the environment where the wire is used, and the reliability of the experimental data is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A failure rate evaluation apparatus of a wire, comprising a body (11), characterized in that: a material placing cavity (12) with a leftward opening is formed in the machine body (11), a discharging shaft (13) is connected to the rear wall of the material placing cavity (12) in a rotating mode, a wire coil (14) is placed on the discharging shaft (13), a test cavity (15) is formed in the machine body (11), a channel (16) penetrating into the material placing cavity (12) is formed in the left side face of the test cavity (15), a motor cavity (17) is formed in the machine body (11), four rotating holes penetrating into the channel (16) are formed in the front side face of the motor cavity (17), rotating shafts (18) extending to two sides of each rotating hole are rotatably connected in each rotating hole, concave wheels (32) are installed at the front ends of the rotating shafts (18), a wire extends out of the wire coil (14) and can be clamped among the four concave wheels (32), and a feeding mechanism (101) capable of driving the four rotating shafts (18) to move is arranged in the motor cavity (17), the wire guide device is characterized in that a sliding groove (19) is arranged in the rear wall of a test cavity (15), a sliding block (20) is connected in the sliding groove (19) in a left-right sliding manner, a clamping groove (21) with an upward opening is formed in the front side surface of the sliding block (20), a longitudinal threaded shaft (22) is connected in the lower side surface of the clamping groove (21) in a rotating manner, two threaded blocks (23) in threaded connection with the longitudinal threaded shaft (22) are connected in the clamping groove (21) in a vertical sliding manner, clamping plates (24) are connected on the opposite side surfaces of the two threaded blocks (23) through a plurality of springs, a transfer mechanism (102) is arranged in the sliding groove (19), the transfer mechanism (102) can enable the clamping plates (24) to move to clamp the wire, and the transfer mechanism (102) can drive the sliding block (20) to move to enable the wire to be convenient to be detected, be equipped with hammering chamber (25) in the downside in test chamber (15), hammering chamber (25) left and right sides internal rotation is connected with bears axle (26), bear and set firmly hammering piece (27) on axle (26), be equipped with in hammering piece (27) trailing flank and press chamber (28), sliding connection has pressure block (29) around in pressure chamber (28) of exerting pressure, and the trailing flank of pressure block (29) is equipped with pressure sensor, be equipped with micro motor (30) on the leading flank of pressure chamber (28), micro motor's (30) trailing flank install with the small-size threaded spindle of pressure block (29) threaded connection, be equipped with several in the upside of test chamber (15) and spray mouth (31), the downside of test chamber (15) is equipped with backward flow chamber (33), and be equipped with in organism (11) and detect actuating mechanism (103), the detection driving mechanism (103) can selectively drive the hammering block (27) to swing so as to carry out impact and load tests on the lead, and the detection driving mechanism (103) can selectively enable water and air to pass through the spraying opening (31) so as to carry out tests simulating severe weather on the lead.
2. The apparatus for evaluating a failure rate of a wire according to claim 1, wherein: feed mechanism (101) is including locating feeding motor (34) of motor chamber (17) trailing flank, four pivot (18) become rectangular array distribution, and feeding motor (34) can drive and be located the upper right side pivot (18), be in two sets of same height pivot (18) are connected through hold-in range (35) respectively, are located the upper right side pivot (18) and be located the lower right side pivot (18) are connected through No. two hold-in ranges (36) of splayed.
3. The apparatus for evaluating a failure rate of a wire according to claim 2, wherein: be located two left and right sides between slider (20) be equipped with in passageway (16) the side of going up cut groove (37), it has cutting knife (38) to slide from top to bottom in cut groove (37), cutting knife (38) can electrically conduct, just cutting knife (38) through No. two spring coupling in the side of going up of cut groove (37), it can repel to be equipped with in the side of going up of cut groove (37) cutting electromagnet (39) of cutting knife (38), the right flank of experimental chamber (15) is equipped with and holds the piece, it is equipped with current detector (41) to hold the piece.
4. The apparatus for evaluating a failure rate of a wire according to claim 1, wherein: transport mechanism (102) including rotate connect in connecting axle (42) in centre gripping groove (21) back wall, connecting axle (42) through bevel gear group (43) with vertical threaded shaft (22) are connected, and be equipped with the gear on connecting axle (42), the side of going up of spout (19) set firmly can with gear complex rack (40), be equipped with on the downside of centre gripping groove (21) with friction wheel (44) of vertical threaded shaft (22) friction, be equipped with on the right flank of spout (19) and transport motor (45), the left surface of transporting motor (45) install with slider (20) threaded connection's horizontal threaded shaft (46), grip block (24) extend to forward in experimental chamber (15).
5. The apparatus for evaluating a failure rate of a wire according to claim 1, wherein: detect actuating mechanism (103) including locating detection motor (47) in hammering chamber (25) left flank, be equipped with piston chamber (48) in organism (11), the right flank that detects motor (47) is installed and is run through extend to behind hammering chamber (25) main shaft (49) in piston chamber (48), be connected with eccentric wheel (50) through coupling mechanism (104) on the anchor ring of main shaft (49), be equipped with annular (51) in the outer anchor ring of eccentric wheel (50), the medial surface of annular (51) is equipped with spread groove (52), the leading flank of hammering piece (27) has set firmly through annular (51) and extend to extension rod (53) in spread groove (52), and the end of extension rod (53) is equipped with the sliding block, the sliding block can not leave spread groove (52).
6. The apparatus for evaluating a failure rate of a wire according to claim 5, wherein: the right end of the main shaft (49) is fixedly provided with a disc (54), a connecting rod (55) is arranged on the right side face of the disc (54), a piston (57) is connected in the piston cavity (48) in a front-back sliding manner, a connecting rod (56) which is connected to the outer side face of the connecting rod (55) in a rotating manner is hinged to the front side face of the piston (57), a water inlet hole (58) communicated with the backflow cavity (33) is arranged on the side face of the piston cavity (48), an air inlet hole (59) and a failure hole (60) which are communicated outwards are arranged in the side face of the piston cavity (48), a ball valve is arranged in each of the air inlet hole (59) and the failure hole (60), a flow converging cavity (61) communicated with all the spraying ports (31) is arranged in the machine body (11), an outlet hole (62) communicated into the flow converging cavity (61) is arranged in the side face of the piston cavity (48), and the outlet hole (62), The air inlet hole (59) and the water inlet hole (58) are internally provided with a one-way valve.
7. The apparatus for evaluating a failure rate of a wire according to claim 5, wherein: connecting mechanism (104) including locating it link up in order to supply about controlling in eccentric wheel (50) through groove (63) that link up that main shaft (49) pass through, eccentric wheel (50) with main shaft (49) keep the relative position relation through the bearing, and be equipped with draw-in groove (64) in the side of main shaft (49), it has embedded piece (65) through No. three spring coupling on the torus of groove (63) to link up, and be equipped with on the torus of groove (63) and can repel electromagnet (66) are used in the embedding of embedded piece (65), be equipped with spacing fixed block on the torus of groove (63).
8. The use method of the fault rate evaluation equipment of the lead according to claim 7, wherein the fault rate evaluation equipment comprises the following steps:
in the first step, when the wire needs to be evaluated, a worker places a wire coil (14) on a discharging shaft (13) and clamps the wire extending out of the wire coil (14) between two concave wheels (32) on the left side.
After the second step, the feeding motor (34) is electrified and drives the four concave wheels (32) to rotate, the lead moves rightwards and is clamped in the four concave wheels (32), then the lead moves to a position between the two clamping plates (24) along with the continuous movement of the lead, the transfer motor (45) is electrified and drives the sliding block (20) to move rightwards, the clamping plates (24) are close to each other in the moving process of the sliding block (20), the clamping plates (24) finish the clamping action of the lead when the sliding block (20) moves to the right side of the rack (40), the right end of the lead is positioned at the right side of the clamping plates (24), then the sliding block (20) and the lead continue to move rightwards, the transfer motor (45) and the feeding motor (34) are powered off when the sliding block (20) moves to the right limit, and the right end of the lead is contacted with the current detector (41), the wire in the test cavity (15) is slightly loose and cannot be in a tight state, then the cutting electromagnet (39) keeps in a powered state, when the cutting electromagnet (39) is powered on, the cutting knife (38) can move downwards and cut the wire between the left row of rotating shafts (18) and the right row of rotating shafts (18), then the cutting knife (38) is powered on, at the moment, the current detector (41) can sense the current of the wire, and at the moment, the preparation work before the test is finished;
thirdly, if the fault rate detection under the extreme environment is needed, the detection motor (47) is electrified and drives the main shaft (49) to rotate, if both ball valves are closed, a rainstorm test is carried out, water is sprayed onto the lead through the spraying port (31) at the moment, then the water flows back into the backflow cavity (33), if the ball valve positioned in the air inlet hole (59) is opened, a gusty wind test is carried out, air is sprayed onto the lead through the spraying port (31) at the moment, if the current detector (41) senses current interruption in the test process, the lead is damaged, when the detection motor (47) is powered off after a group of experiments are completed, a new lead needs to be replaced for repeated tests, the transfer motor (45) is electrified and drives the sliding block (20) to move leftwards, the lead positioned in the test cavity (15) is bent in the leftward movement process of the sliding block (20), when the sliding block (20) moves to the left limit, the transfer motor (45) is powered off, the two clamping plates (24) are opened and the lead loses clamping, then the cutting electromagnet (39) is powered off, the cutting electromagnet (39) can move upwards under the action of the elastic force of the spring, then the feeding motor (34) is powered on and enables the concave wheel (32) to drive the lead to move again, the cut and bent lead can completely enter the test cavity (15) and fall into the backflow cavity (33), a brand new lead can enter the space between the two clamping plates (24) again, the lead can be clamped again by repeating the action of the second step, the lead can be tested again, and the probability that the lead stops conducting in multiple tests can be the fault rate of the lead under the severe condition of specific time;
fourthly, if a load test is carried out, the detection motor (47) is electrified under the condition that the embedded electromagnet (66) is kept electrified, at the moment, the main shaft (49) rotates and drives the hammering block (27) to swing, when the upper back side of the hammering block (27) swings to the rear limit, the detection motor (47) is powered off, at the moment, the pressing block (29) is abutted to a lead positioned in the test cavity (15), and the indication number of the pressure sensor is the pressure transmitted to the lead by the pressure applying block (29), if the micro motor (30) is electrified and drives the small-sized threaded shaft to periodically rotate positively and negatively in a certain interval, at this time, the wire will receive the pressure changed in a certain interval, after a certain time, the wire is replaced by a new wire for testing again, after a certain number of tests, the ratio of the damaged quantity of the lead to the test number is the pressed failure rate of the lead in the pressure interval and the test time;
and fifthly, if the impact test is required, the detection motor (47) is electrified under the condition that the embedded electromagnet (66) keeps electrified, at the moment, the main shaft (49) rotates and drives the hammering block (27) to periodically swing, at the moment, the pressing block (29) periodically impacts the lead, at the moment, the pressure of the pressure sensor is the impact force transmitted to the lead by each impact, the position of the pressing block (29) can be changed by electrifying the micro motor (30), the impact force is changed, a new lead is replaced after a certain time and the test is carried out again, and after a certain number of tests, the ratio of the damage amount of the lead to the test number is the impact failure rate of the lead under the impact force and the impact number.
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