CN113865961A - Test piece manufacturing die for hoop uniform loading prestress and vertical loading stable stress - Google Patents
Test piece manufacturing die for hoop uniform loading prestress and vertical loading stable stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN113865961A CN113865961A CN202111156616.4A CN202111156616A CN113865961A CN 113865961 A CN113865961 A CN 113865961A CN 202111156616 A CN202111156616 A CN 202111156616A CN 113865961 A CN113865961 A CN 113865961A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test piece manufacturing die for uniformly loading prestress in the circumferential direction and stably loading stress in the vertical direction and a using method thereof. The test piece mold comprises a mold cover plate, two side molds, a mold base, three circular-arc-shaped compressible cushion blocks, three hose clamps, a plurality of pressure sensing paper and a plurality of balancing weights with different masses. By the method, the effect of annular uniform prestress and vertical stable pressure on the sample in the forming process is ensured, and the stress state of the ground stress environment of the in-situ rock body in the actual geological engineering and the ground stress effect on the in-situ rock body in the diagenesis process are reproduced. On the basis of ensuring that the sample can deeply reduce the crustal stress and the change rule thereof in the diagenesis process, the influence rule of secondary disturbance formed by the excavation activities of human engineering on the damage of the sample is researched, so that the accuracy and the reliability of the subsequent experimental result can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the manufacture of a rock cylinder test piece combined by block rock and grouting materials, in particular to a test piece manufacturing mold for uniformly loading prestress in the circumferential direction and stably loading stress in the vertical direction and a use method thereof.
Background
Diagenesis refers to a process of converting loose sediments into sedimentary rocks under the influence of certain pressure and temperature. Diagenesis mostly occurs in geological environments within thousands of meters underground, and the main modes of diagenesis are as follows: compaction, cementation, recrystallization and new mineral growth. Coal rocks are located at hundreds of meters or even thousands of meters underground, and not only are vertical stress of overlying strata borne, but also horizontal stress of surrounding rock bodies is borne in the rock formation process.
As is well known, in the field of coal mining, grouting for reinforcing surrounding rock, grouting for reinforcing coal pillars, and filling mining technologies are all used to ensure the stability of surrounding rock or coal pillars, mine coal resources safely and efficiently, and in order to research grouting reinforcing effect and filling effect, a laboratory generally pours a mold with grouting materials, prepares a sample, and then researches the mechanical properties of the grouting material sample. However, in the process of preparing the test sample, the combined diagenetic process of the grouting material and the rock mass in the actual engineering process, and the horizontal stress and vertical stress action born by the combined rock mass in the diagenetic process are neglected. The test piece mould of hoop evenly loaded prestressing force and vertical loading stable stress is the appurtenance of sample of pouring in the laboratory, and it can simulate the vertical stress and the horizontal stress that block rock and cement mortar combined diagenesis in-process received for the cylindrical sample that makes out can stand the ground stress that its diagenesis bore, makes its stress state that is close to combination rock mass under the actual condition more, so can ensure that follow-up laboratory test result is more accurate credible, eliminates test error effectively.
The Chinese patent application CN201922317230.1 discloses a mold for preparing a cylindrical sample containing axial cracks, wherein before a test piece is poured, an inserting piece printed by a 3D printer is placed in the mold, and cement mortar is used for pouring the test piece, so that the cylindrical sample containing the prefabricated cracks can be directly prepared without drilling a core sample by a drilling machine. However, the mould does not consider the combined diagenesis process of cement mortar and rock mass, and does not consider the action of horizontal stress and vertical stress applied to the diagenesis process of a sample.
Chinese patent application cn20192076981. x discloses a forming die for preparing a triaxial compression test sample, which integrates sample preparation and demolding function into a whole by arranging a sample die on a base, supporting a pressing mechanism on the base and used for fixing the sample die and an ejector rod matched with the sample die. Although the top of the mould is provided with the pressing mechanism and the clamp which laterally restrains the mould, the pressing mechanism and the clamp at the top only play a role of fixing the side mould, and do not actively apply vertical stress and hoop stress to the test sample, namely the effective application of the ground stress of the test sample in the consolidation and diagenesis processes can not be realized.
In conclusion, in the existing mold and tool for preparing the cylindrical sample, the effect of applying horizontal stress and vertical stress to the rock in the rock formation process cannot be realized, so that the poured sample and the consolidation process are in a non-confining pressure state, which is essentially different from the vertical stress and the horizontal stress with different sizes, which are applied to the underground rock in the rock formation process, and the secondary damage rule of the rock caused by human excavation activities in the later period research is obviously deviated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test piece manufacturing die for uniformly loading prestress in the circumferential direction and stably loading stress in the vertical direction and a using method thereof, and the test piece manufacturing die is simple and convenient to operate, high in practicability and convenient to popularize widely.
According to the invention, the hoop is arranged annularly, the cover plate and the balancing weight are vertically arranged, so that the sample is ensured to be subjected to annularly uniform prestress and vertically stable pressure in the sample preparation process, the prepared sample is closer to the actual natural stress state of the engineering, the stress condition in the rock formation process of sample combination is considered in the sample preparation process, and the accuracy and the credibility of the subsequent experimental result can be ensured.
The invention provides a test piece manufacturing die for uniformly loading prestress in the circumferential direction and stably loading stress in the vertical direction, which comprises the following steps: the mould comprises a mould main body, a plurality of clamping pieces and a plurality of clamping pieces, wherein the mould main body consists of a mould cover plate, two side moulds and a mould base which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the mould base is in a shape of a stepped cylinder, the mould cover plate is in a shape of a stepped cylinder, and stable pressure is applied to the upper part of the mould cover plate through a balancing weight; the two-half side mold is of a semi-cylindrical structure, one half of the joint of the two half side molds is arranged into a groove type joint side mold, the other half is arranged into a convex edge type joint side mold, and a cylindrical barrel combined mold is embedded and enclosed in the two half side molds.
In the device, the cross section area of the upper part of the mould base is the same as that of the cylindrical inner cavity of the mould; the cross-sectional area of the lower part of the mould cover plate is the same as that of the cylindrical inner cavity of the mould.
In the device, the hose clamp is made of stainless steel materials, is arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the side mold, and transmits annular prestress to the surface of the mold through tightening the hose clamp.
The circular-arc compressible cushion block and the hose clamp are used in a combined mode and are respectively arranged at the upper portion, the middle portion and the lower portion of the outer side face of the die body, the cushion block can be compressed when the hose clamp is tightened and is attached to the surface of the side die, tightening force of the hose clamp can be transmitted to the surface of the side die through the circular-arc compressible cushion block, then the tightening force is transmitted to a sample, and a stress vacuum area is prevented from appearing between the hoop head and the surface of the side die.
The pressure sensing paper can turn red when being pressed, the color concentration can change along with the pressure, so the pressure sensing paper can be used for reflecting the circumferential prestress applied by the hose clamp, and the pressure sensing paper is respectively wound for one circle around the upper, middle and lower positions of the hose clamp on the surface of the side mold.
The invention provides a use method of the test piece manufacturing mold for uniformly loading the prestress in the circumferential direction and stably loading the stress in the vertical direction, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, assembling two-half side molds and a mold base, wherein a convex rib of the convex rib side mold is not completely inserted into a groove of a groove side mold, observing the occlusion part at the top of the two-half side mold, and leaving a movable space of about 1mm for the convex rib in the groove, so that a hose clamp can be conveniently tightened;
secondly, a semi-cylindrical rock sample matched with the inner cavity of the convex edge side mold is filled into the convex edge side mold, and then a cement mortar sample is filled into the groove side mold, so that the rock sample is in close contact with the cement mortar under the action of external force;
thirdly, sticking pressure sensing paper at the upper, middle and lower positions on the outer surface of the side mold, and fixing a hose clamp with a circular arc-shaped compressible cushion block at the upper, middle and lower positions on the outer surface of the side mold; covering a mould cover plate;
and fourthly, slowly tightening screws on the hose clamp, applying hoop prestress on the sample in the mold, reflecting specific numerical values through the sensing paper according to the hoop prestress, and applying the required hoop prestress according to requirements. Vertical stable stress is provided by die cover plate dead weight and balancing weight.
And fifthly, maintaining for 24 hours under the action of constant annular pressure and vertical pressure, then demolding, sampling and finishing sample preparation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can ensure that the sample is subjected to circumferential uniform prestress and vertical stable pressure in the sample preparation process, so that the prepared sample is closer to the actual natural stress state of the engineering, the stress condition of the sample in the rock formation process is considered in the sample preparation process, and the accuracy and the credibility of the subsequent experimental result can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view (in cross section) of a test piece die of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the test piece mold of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view of the connection of the hose clamp and the circular arc compressible pad of the present invention;
figure 4 is a perspective view of the side mould and throat band assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a recessed side mold of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the ribbed side mold of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-mould cover plate, 2-side mould, 3-mould base, 4-throat hoop, 5-pressure sensing paper, 6-circular arc compressible cushion block, 7-semi-cylindrical rock sample, 8-cement mortar sample, 9-balancing weight, 2-1-groove type joint side mould, 2-convex edge type joint side mould, 4-1-steel strip, 4-2-screw and 4-3-hoop head.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
the utility model provides a test piece preparation mould of stress is stabilized in annular even loading prestressing force and vertical loading, includes: the mould comprises a mould main body, a plurality of clamping pieces and a plurality of clamping pieces, wherein the mould main body consists of a mould cover plate 1, two side moulds 2 and a mould base 3 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and three circular-arc-shaped compressible cushion blocks 6, three hose clamps 4, a plurality of pressure sensing paper 5 and a plurality of balancing weights 9 with different masses are respectively arranged at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the outer side surface of the mould main body; the mould base 3 is a stepped cylinder, the mould cover plate 1 is a stepped cylinder, and the upper part of the mould cover plate 1 applies stable pressure through a balancing weight; the two-half side mold 2 is of a semi-cylindrical structure, one half of the joint of the two half side molds is arranged into a groove type joint side mold 2-1, the other half is arranged into a convex edge type joint side mold 2-2, and a cylindrical barrel combined mold is embedded and enclosed in the two half side molds.
In the device, the cross section area of the upper part of the mould base 3 is the same as that of the cylindrical inner cavity of the mould; the cross-sectional area of the lower part of the mould cover plate 1 is the same as that of the cylindrical inner cavity of the mould.
In the device, the hose clamp 4 is made of stainless steel materials and is arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the side mold 2, and annular prestress is transferred to the surface of the mold through tightening the hose clamp 4.
The circular-arc-shaped compressible cushion blocks 6 and the hose clamp 4 are used in a combined mode and are respectively arranged at the upper portion, the middle portion and the lower portion of the outer side face of the die body, the cushion blocks can be compressed when the hose clamp is tightened and are attached to the surface of the side die, tightening force of the hose clamp can be transmitted to the surface of the side die through the circular-arc-shaped compressible cushion blocks, then the tightening force is transmitted to a sample, and a stress vacuum area is prevented from appearing between the hoop head and the surface of the side die.
The pressure sensing paper 5 can turn red when being pressed, and the color concentration can change along with the pressure, so the pressure sensing paper can be used for reflecting the circumferential prestress applied by the hose clamp 4, and the pressure sensing paper is respectively wound for one circle around the upper, middle and lower positions of the hose clamp on the surface of the side mold.
The invention provides a use method of the test piece manufacturing mold for uniformly loading the prestress in the circumferential direction and stably loading the stress in the vertical direction, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, assembling two-half side molds and a mold base, wherein a convex rib of the convex rib side mold is not completely inserted into a groove of a groove side mold, observing the occlusion part at the top of the two-half side mold, and leaving a movable space of about 1mm for the convex rib in the groove, so that a hose clamp can be conveniently tightened;
secondly, a semi-cylindrical rock sample matched with the inner cavity of the convex edge side mold is filled into the convex edge side mold, and then a cement mortar sample is filled into the groove side mold, so that the rock sample is in close contact with the cement mortar under the action of external force;
thirdly, sticking pressure sensing paper at the upper, middle and lower positions on the outer surface of the side mold, and fixing a hose clamp with a circular arc-shaped compressible cushion block at the upper, middle and lower positions on the outer surface of the side mold; covering a mould cover plate;
and fourthly, slowly tightening screws on the hose clamp, applying hoop prestress on the sample in the mold, reflecting specific numerical values through the sensing paper according to the hoop prestress, and applying the required hoop prestress according to requirements. Vertical stable stress is provided by die cover plate dead weight and balancing weight.
And fifthly, maintaining for 24 hours under the action of constant annular pressure and vertical pressure, then demolding, sampling and finishing sample preparation.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a test piece preparation mould of stress is stabilized in annular even loading prestressing force and vertical loading which characterized in that includes: the mould comprises a mould main body, a plurality of clamping pieces and a plurality of clamping pieces, wherein the mould main body consists of a mould cover plate, two side moulds and a mould base which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the mould base is in a shape of a stepped cylinder, the mould cover plate is in a shape of a stepped cylinder, and stable pressure is applied to the upper part of the mould cover plate through a balancing weight; the two-half side mold is of a semi-cylindrical structure, one half of the joint of the two half side molds is arranged into a groove type joint side mold, the other half is arranged into a convex edge type joint side mold, and a cylindrical barrel combined mold is embedded and enclosed in the two half side molds.
2. The mold for manufacturing the test piece with the hoop uniformly loaded prestress and the vertical loaded stable stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cross section area of the upper part of the mould base is the same as that of the cylindrical inner cavity of the mould; the cross-sectional area of the lower part of the mould cover plate is the same as that of the cylindrical inner cavity of the mould.
3. The mold for manufacturing the test piece with the hoop uniformly loaded prestress and the vertical loaded stable stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hose clamp is made of stainless steel materials, is arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the side mold, and transmits hoop prestress to the surface of the mold through tightening the hose clamp.
4. The mold for manufacturing the test piece with the hoop uniformly loaded prestress and the vertical loaded stable stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the circular-arc compressible cushion block and the hose clamp are used in a combined mode and are respectively arranged at the upper portion, the middle portion and the lower portion of the outer side face of the die body, the cushion block is compressed when the hose clamp is tightened and is attached to the surface of the side die, tightening force of the hose clamp is transmitted to the surface of the side die through the circular-arc compressible cushion block, then the tightening force is transmitted to a sample, and a stress vacuum area is prevented from appearing between the hoop head and the surface of the side die.
5. The mold for manufacturing the test piece with the hoop uniformly loaded prestress and the vertical loaded stable stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pressure sensing paper can turn red when being pressed, the color concentration can change along with the pressure, the pressure sensing paper is used for reflecting the circumferential prestress applied by the hose clamp, and the pressure sensing paper is respectively wound for one circle around the upper, middle and lower positions of the hose clamp on the surface of the side mold.
6. A use method of the test piece manufacturing mold for the hoop uniform loading prestress and vertical loading stable stress according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, assembling two-half side molds and a mold base, wherein a convex rib of the convex rib side mold is not completely inserted into a groove of a groove side mold, observing the occlusion part at the top of the two-half side mold, and leaving a movable space of about 1mm for the convex rib in the groove, so that a hose clamp can be conveniently tightened;
secondly, a semi-cylindrical rock sample matched with the inner cavity of the convex edge side mold is filled into the convex edge side mold, and then a cement mortar sample is filled into the groove side mold, so that the rock sample is in close contact with the cement mortar under the action of external force;
thirdly, sticking pressure sensing paper at the upper, middle and lower positions on the outer surface of the side mold, and fixing a hose clamp with a circular arc-shaped compressible cushion block at the upper, middle and lower positions on the outer surface of the side mold; covering a mould cover plate;
fourthly, slowly tightening screws on the hose clamp, applying hoop prestress to the sample in the mold, reflecting specific numerical values through the sensing paper, and applying the required hoop prestress according to requirements; the vertical stable stress is provided by the dead weight of the die cover plate and the balancing weight;
and fifthly, maintaining for 24 hours under the action of constant annular pressure and vertical pressure, then demolding, sampling and finishing sample preparation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111156616.4A CN113865961A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Test piece manufacturing die for hoop uniform loading prestress and vertical loading stable stress |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111156616.4A CN113865961A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Test piece manufacturing die for hoop uniform loading prestress and vertical loading stable stress |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104374624A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-02-25 | 北京工业大学 | Geotechnical triaxial test sample preparation split round mold and sample preparation method |
| CN107268637A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-20 | 山东建筑大学 | Pilot system and method for testing high stress environment anchor pole or anchorage cable anchoring interface mechanical characteristic |
| CN107505205A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Simulate the flexible loading device and method of cylinder anchorage model surface uniform stress |
| CN209979337U (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-01-21 | 西安科技大学 | Forming die for preparing triaxial compression test sample |
| CN111693358A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-09-22 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Particle material triaxial test sample preparation device and application method thereof |
| CN212363853U (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-01-15 | 兰州交通大学 | Split type three-axis sample preparation device |
-
2021
- 2021-09-30 CN CN202111156616.4A patent/CN113865961A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104374624A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-02-25 | 北京工业大学 | Geotechnical triaxial test sample preparation split round mold and sample preparation method |
| CN107268637A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-20 | 山东建筑大学 | Pilot system and method for testing high stress environment anchor pole or anchorage cable anchoring interface mechanical characteristic |
| CN107505205A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Simulate the flexible loading device and method of cylinder anchorage model surface uniform stress |
| CN209979337U (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-01-21 | 西安科技大学 | Forming die for preparing triaxial compression test sample |
| CN212363853U (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-01-15 | 兰州交通大学 | Split type three-axis sample preparation device |
| CN111693358A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-09-22 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Particle material triaxial test sample preparation device and application method thereof |
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