CN113865770A - System and method for monitoring tension in ropes and rope-like structures using fiber optic sensors - Google Patents
System and method for monitoring tension in ropes and rope-like structures using fiber optic sensors Download PDFInfo
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- CN113865770A CN113865770A CN202110889823.4A CN202110889823A CN113865770A CN 113865770 A CN113865770 A CN 113865770A CN 202110889823 A CN202110889823 A CN 202110889823A CN 113865770 A CN113865770 A CN 113865770A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Abstract
The present application discloses a system and method for monitoring tension in ropes and rope-like structures using a fiber optic sensor, wherein the system comprises: a plurality of sensor elements (102), each sensor element including an opening (102a) on one side; a plurality of optical sensing elements (102b) removably received over the opening (102a) of the sensor assembly (102); an optical fiber (108) connecting the plurality of optical sensing elements (102b) with a sensor analyzer (106); wherein the sensor analyzer (106) receives signals from the optical sensing element (102b) via the optical fiber (108); and the plurality of sensor assemblies (102) are mounted to the outer strand (104b) of the rope (104). The invention enables effective and efficient identification of rope defects.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a system and method for measuring tension in load bearing ropes and rope-like structures using a fibre optic sensor, wherein the sensor assembly is mounted at a precise location on the surface of the structure, whereby a change in the optical signal produced by the fibre optic sensor is indicative of the tension in the structure.
Background
Ropes and rope-like structures are effective structures for supporting tensile loads. Due to flexibility in bending, these structures are widely used in the construction industry for lifting and in buildings for lifting and carrying passengers. Ropes are typically formed from a plurality of parallel load-bearing strands that are twisted together in a helical fashion to allow the assembly to operate as a tight whole. Each load-bearing strand is made of steel wire, polyamide fiber or a composite thereof. The tension of the rope is one of the key safety issues today. Rope defects can impair the load-bearing capacity during operation, which can lead to considerable consequences.
Rope condition is typically assessed by physical appearance and period of operation. Although ropes are usually discarded after a certain period of operation, rope defect events have occasionally occurred in the past. Thus, such methods may not accurately assess the actual rope service life.
Several rope defect detection methods have been disclosed in the prior art. Chinese patent No. 101259931B discloses a wire rope inspection device and a method of measuring the outer diameter of a rope. Horizontal laser lines and light detection devices are arranged at two sides of the lifter rope. The laser beam is partially blocked by the rope before being incident on the detection means. The signal generated by the detection means provides information on the diameter of the rope. When the signal is deviated, the potential defect at the light incidence position is reflected. In addition, german patent application No. 102015016416a1 discloses an inspection system and method for identifying defects in a braided rope and correcting them during the braiding process. The multiple pairs of light sources and cameras arranged radially are used for capturing rope images at different angular positions, such as broken wires and irregular knitting. However, this detection system does not identify the underlying defect of the rope. Therefore, there is a need to provide an effective and efficient method for detecting rope defects.
7,123,030 discloses a method and apparatus for inspecting elevator ropes having conductive tension members, whereby a measured resistance in the tension members indicates a defect. A flux machine is used to magnetize a rope under test so that the rope becomes part of a magnetic circuit. Ideally, the magnetic flux is parallel to the rope, and if defects such as breaks, breaks or meandering in the metal wire are present, these defects can cause local edge effects of the magnetic flux and can therefore be identified using a magnetic flux sensor. The method is applicable to ropes made only of ferromagnetic material.
5,182,779 discloses a system for monitoring strain and stress on a rope structure and a rigid structure containing the rope, wherein the rope structure contains optical fibers. Changes in the optical transmission or reflection properties in the optical fiber caused by strain and stress on the optical fiber are monitored. When an optical signal is injected into one end of an optical fiber incorporated in a rope as an elongated member, a stimulus causing strain caused by a defect on the rope can be observed by detecting the optical signal injected out of the optical fiber. However, this system may require complex steps to weave fine glass fibers with the steel wires within the rope during the braiding process.
In light of the prior art, there is a need for an improved rope tension monitoring system which is a simple, easy to install and thus effective method of monitoring the tension distributed along a rope or rope-like structure to identify defects therein.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved and efficient system and method for monitoring tension in ropes and rope-like structures using fiber optic sensors.
It is also an object of the invention to provide a simple and easy method for monitoring the tension in ropes and rope-like structures.
It is another object of the invention to provide a simple and efficient method of mounting a sensor assembly to a rope and rope-like structure.
Accordingly, the above objects can be accomplished by following the teachings of the present invention. The invention provides a system for monitoring the tension of a rope and a rope-like structure, comprising: a plurality of sensor assemblies, each sensor assembly including an opening on one side; a plurality of optical sensing elements removably received over the sensor assembly opening; an optical fiber connecting the plurality of optical sensing elements with the sensor analyzer; wherein the sensor analyzer receives signals from the optical sensing element via the optical fiber; a plurality of sensor assemblies are mounted to the outer strands of the rope.
Drawings
The features of the present invention will be more readily understood and appreciated when the following detailed description is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiments of the invention, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fiber optic tension monitoring system for a rope or rope-like structure;
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the structure of the tether and the placement of the sensor assembly on the tether;
FIG. 3 illustrates the placement of sensor assemblies on the outer strands of the rope;
FIG. 4 shows a timing diagram of signals generated by the sensor assembly provided in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a rope monitoring system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of promoting and understanding the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and described in the following written description. It is to be understood that the present invention includes any alterations and modifications to the illustrated embodiments and includes further applications of the principles of the invention as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.
The invention proposes a system for monitoring the tension in ropes and rope-like structures 100, comprising: a plurality of sensor assemblies 102, each sensor assembly including an opening 102a on one side that removably receives a plurality of optical sensing elements 102 b; an optical fiber 108 connecting the plurality of optical sensing elements 102b with the sensor analyzer 106; wherein the sensor analyzer 106 receives signals from the optical sensing element 102b via the optical fiber 108; and a plurality of sensor assemblies 102 mounted to the outer strands 104b of the rope 104.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of sensor assembly 102 includes two sides that are slightly smaller than the diameter of cord 104, wherein the sides are made of an elastic material to clamp onto and tightly secure cord 104 with minimal force.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensor assembly 102 further comprises an internal complex concave curvature. This shape is complementary to the convex curvature of the surface of the cord 104, whereby their interface is perfectly bound together.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the optical sensing element 102b is adhered to the outer strand 104b of the rope 104 by adhesive throughout the opening 102a on the outer surface of the sensor assembly 102. The optical sensing element 102b is guided to the correct position of the cord 104, wherein the sensing axis 200 of the optical sensing element is aligned with the cord axis 202 to measure the tension of the one outer strand 104 b.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensor analyzer 106 is further connected to a tether status indicator 110, a control system 112, and a remote data center 114. The cord state indicator 110 provides an audible or visual indication of the state of the lower cord 104 being monitored. The control system 112 adjusts the operating parameters based on the measured condition of the rope 104. The remote data center 114 receives measurement data for data storage and maintenance scheduling purposes.
The invention also further proposes a method for monitoring tension in a rope and rope-like structure 100, comprising the steps of: receiving an optical sensing element 102b in each of the openings 102a of the plurality of sensor assemblies 102; mounting an inner surface of a plurality of sensor assemblies 102 to each outer strand 104b of the rope 104; adhering optical fibers 108 to connect the plurality of optical sensing elements 102b to the sensor analyzer 106; and analyzing the tension state based on the signals generated by the plurality of optical sensing elements 102 b.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensor assembly 102 is mounted with the sensing shaft 200 aligned with the cable shaft 202 for measuring tension.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical sensing element 102b is adhered to the outer surface of the plurality of sensor elements 102 by applying an adhesive throughout the opening 102 a. The binder includes, but is not limited to, epoxy.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tension state analysis comprises a comparison of the tensions of the different outer strands 104b of the rope 104.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, one optical sensing element 102b is mounted to each of the outer strands 104b of the rope 104 to measure the tension of a particular one of the outer strands 104b of the rope 104. All optical sensing elements 102b are connected to a sensor analyzer 106 by optical fibers 108 for measuring the tension of all outer strands 104b of the rope 104, while monitoring the tension at different sections of the same rope 104 and other ropes 104.
A schematic diagram of a fiber optic tension monitoring system for a rope or rope-like structure 100 is shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 1, a plurality of suspension ropes 104 are used to suspend the car and guide the car up and down. A plurality of sensor assemblies 102 are mounted to the outer strands 104b of the rope 104. According to fig. 1, two sensor assemblies 102 are mounted on the same rope 104. The plurality of optical sensing elements 102b, which are removably received on the opening 102a of the sensor assembly 102, are connected to the sensor analyzer 106 via optical fibers 108. Static loading from the weight of the car and/or dynamic loading from passengers causes the tension of the ropes 104 to change, thus disturbing the attached sensor assemblies 102. The optical sensing element 102b of the sensor assembly 102 generates an optical signal corresponding to a change in tension of the rope 104. The sensor analyzer 106 determines the tension of all connected sensor assemblies 102 and generates the necessary controls and indications after analyzing the optical signals.
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the structure of the tether 104 and the placement of the sensor assembly 102 on the tether 104. A typical 9-strand single-layer rope 104 comprising one core strand 104a and eight outer strands 104b is shown in fig. 2. The outer strands 104b are helically wound around the core strands 104a at an angle 204, wherein the plurality of strands 104b are bonded together. Generally, the load added to one end of the rope 104 is inherently shared by all of the outer strands 104b and corresponds directly to the tension of the outer strands 104 b. The outer strands 104b are susceptible to weakening due to direct use and tearing due to environmental exposure. Therefore, the optical sensing elements 102b connected with the optical fibers 108 must be fixed in a precisely dedicated position of the rope 104 for effectively and efficiently measuring the tension of each outer strand 104b of the rope 104.
With further reference to fig. 2, each sensor component 102 includes an opening 102a on one side. The optical sensing element 102b is removably received over the opening 102a of the sensor assembly 102, wherein the optical sensing element 102b is guided to the correct position of the cord 104, wherein the sensing axis 200 of the optical sensing element is aligned with the cord axis 202 for measuring the tension of one of the outer strands 104 b. At the same time, the inner surface of the sensor assembly 102 has a complex concave curvature, complementary to the convex curvature of the surface of the rope 104, so that the interface of the two can be perfectly bound together. Sensor assembly 102 also includes two sides that are slightly smaller than the diameter of cable 104, wherein the sensor assembly can easily clip onto and self-secure to cable 104 without the need for additional securing mechanisms.
The placement of the sensor assembly 102 on each of the outer strands 104b of the rope 104 is shown in fig. 3. A plurality of sensor assemblies 102 are mounted on short sections of rope 104. Each sensor assembly 102 is used to measure the tension of a particular outer strand 104b of the rope 104. Referring to fig. 3, eight sensor assemblies 102 are used for the eight outer strands 104b of the rope 104, i.e., the first to eighth strands, respectively. All of the optical sensing elements 102b on the opening 102a of the sensor assembly 102 are connected to the sensor analyzer 106 by optical fibers 108. Thus, the arrangement is a comprehensive measuring arrangement, wherein the tension of all outer strands 104b of the rope 104 in a segment is measured simultaneously. The condition of the rope 104, such as a defect, can be identified by analyzing the tension measurements of each outer strand 104 b.
In FIG. 4, a timing diagram of signals generated by the sensor assembly 102 provided in FIG. 3 is shown. The time slots a and B show that the loading of all the outer strands 104B of the rope 104 is similar when different loadings are applied to the rope 104. Similar load amounts and tensions indicate the rope 104 that the rope 104 is safe for time slots a and B. In contrast, time slot C shows the sensor signal output in the event of a break in the outer strand 104b of the rope 104. The tension drops to zero when the sixth outer strand 104b breaks, while the tension of the other sensor assemblies 102 show an increase in tension measurements because the load initially carried by the sixth outer strand 104b is redistributed to the remaining seven outer strands 104 b. Further, when there are minor defects, such as thread breaks or braiding irregularities in the strands, the load distribution across the outer strands 104b is expected to gradually change. Thus, when the tension in the seventh outer strand 104b gradually increases while the tension in all other strands decreases, the measurement in time slot D indicates that the seventh outer strand 104b has a defect. Further, when a plurality of ropes 104 are operated simultaneously, the time slot E indicates a sensor signal when there is a defect in the other ropes 104. The tension in all of the sensor assemblies 102 in the cords 104 increases gradually due to the simultaneous reduction in the weight bearing capacity of the other cords 104.
Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a rope monitoring system 100 of the present invention. The rope monitoring system 100 in fig. 5 shows an arrangement of four sensor assemblies 102 and these sensor assemblies are connected to a sensor analyzer 106. The sensor analyzer 106 collects signals from the connected sensor components 102 and thus performs tension calculations and defect identification based on information contained in the optical signals. The sensor analyzer 106 is further connected to a tether status indicator 110 that provides an audible or visual indication of the status of the tether 104; a control system 112 that adjusts an operating parameter based on the measured condition of the rope 104; and a remote data center 114 that receives measurement data for data storage and maintenance scheduling.
The monitoring system 100 of the present invention can efficiently and effectively measure defects on the rope 104, particularly when each strand 104b of the rope 104 is secured with the sensor assembly 102. This enables the tension of each strand 104b of the rope 104 to be measured simultaneously and continuously. The tension of multiple ropes 104 may also be measured simultaneously. In addition, the method of monitoring the tension of the rope and rope-like structure 100 is simple and easy to use.
The present invention explained above is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments and illustrations, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions, modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
100: rope and rope-like structure/rope monitoring system
102: sensor assembly
102 a: opening of the container
102 b: optical sensor element
104: rope
104 a: core strand
104 b: outer folded yarn
106: sensor analyzer
108: optical fiber
110: rope status indicator
112: control system
114: remote data center
200: sensing shaft
202: rope shaft
204: angle alpha
A, B, C, D, E: time slot
Claims (10)
1. A system for monitoring tension in ropes and rope-like structures, the system comprising:
a plurality of sensor elements (102), each sensor element including an opening (102a) on one side;
a plurality of optical sensing elements (102b) removably received over the opening (102a) of the sensor assembly (102);
an optical fiber (108) connecting the plurality of optical sensing elements (102b) with a sensor analyzer (106); wherein
The sensor analyzer (106) receives signals from the optical sensing element (102b) via the optical fiber (108); and
the plurality of sensor assemblies (102) are mounted to the outer strand (104b) of the rope (104).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the sensor assembly (102) comprises two sides that are slightly smaller than the diameter of the rope (104) and are made of an elastic material to clamp onto and tightly secure the rope (104) with minimal force.
3. The system as recited in claim 2, wherein the sensor assembly (102) further includes an internal complex concave curvature for binding with a rope surface convex curvature.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the optical sensing element (102b) is adhered to the outer strand (104b) of the cord (104) by adhesive throughout the opening (102a) on the outer surface of the sensor assembly (102).
5. The system of claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein a sensing axis of the sensor assembly (102) is aligned with a tether axis (202).
6. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the sensor analyzer (106) is further connected to a tether status indicator (110), a control system (112), and a remote data center (114).
7. A method for monitoring tension in ropes and rope-like structures, comprising the steps of:
receiving an optical sensing element in each of the plurality of openings of the sensor assembly;
mounting an inner surface of the plurality of sensor components to each outer strand of the rope;
adhering optical fibers to connect the plurality of optical sensing elements to a sensor analyzer; and
and analyzing the tension state according to the signals generated by the plurality of optical sensing elements.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of mounting a sensor assembly further comprises aligning a sensing axis of the sensor assembly with a cable axis for measuring tension.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein adhering optical fibers further comprises applying adhesive throughout the openings to adhere the optical sensing elements to the outer surfaces of the plurality of sensor components.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of analyzing the tension state further comprises comparing the tension of different outer strands of the rope.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HK32021029625 | 2021-04-20 | ||
| HK32021029625.9 | 2021-04-20 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113865770A true CN113865770A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110889823.4A Pending CN113865770A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-04 | System and method for monitoring tension in ropes and rope-like structures using fiber optic sensors |
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| CN (1) | CN113865770A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW202242364A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109073606A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-12-21 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Cord damage deagnostic test device |
| CN109071172A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-12-21 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Riata for elevator and rope twisting states detection device |
| US20190137305A1 (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Fugro Technology B.V. | Fiber-optic based traffic and infrastructure monitoring system |
| CN109952504A (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2019-06-28 | 马卡尼科技有限公司 | The method, system and device for diagnosing and monitoring for tether core |
| CN110057872A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-26 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of cable fracture of wire monitoring method based on detection self inductance effect inductance |
| CN110062879A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-07-26 | 瑞得力特克纳股份公司 | The monitoring sensor of rope for cableway system |
-
2021
- 2021-07-06 TW TW110124894A patent/TW202242364A/en unknown
- 2021-08-04 CN CN202110889823.4A patent/CN113865770A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109073606A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-12-21 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Cord damage deagnostic test device |
| US20190137305A1 (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Fugro Technology B.V. | Fiber-optic based traffic and infrastructure monitoring system |
| CN109071172A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-12-21 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Riata for elevator and rope twisting states detection device |
| CN109952504A (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2019-06-28 | 马卡尼科技有限公司 | The method, system and device for diagnosing and monitoring for tether core |
| CN110062879A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-07-26 | 瑞得力特克纳股份公司 | The monitoring sensor of rope for cableway system |
| CN110057872A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-26 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of cable fracture of wire monitoring method based on detection self inductance effect inductance |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202242364A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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