CN113863266A - Inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of ship lock dispersed water delivery system and arrangement method thereof - Google Patents
Inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of ship lock dispersed water delivery system and arrangement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113863266A CN113863266A CN202111184707.9A CN202111184707A CN113863266A CN 113863266 A CN113863266 A CN 113863266A CN 202111184707 A CN202111184707 A CN 202111184707A CN 113863266 A CN113863266 A CN 113863266A
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- sill
- bottom plate
- height
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- energy dissipater
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02C—SHIP-LIFTING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS
- E02C1/00—Locks or dry-docks; Shaft locks, i.e. locks of which one front side is formed by a solid wall with an opening in the lower part through which the ships pass
- E02C1/08—Arrangements for dissipating the energy of the water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
Abstract
The invention discloses an inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system and an arrangement method thereof, and relates to the technical field of medium and high water head ship lock engineering. The inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of the invention comprises: the device comprises a bottom plate, a high sill and a low sill; the width of the bottom plate is consistent with that of the open trench; the high sill is fixed at one end of the bottom plate, and the low sill is fixed on the surface of the bottom plate; the height of the high threshold is equal to the height of the gallery; the height of the lower sill is 0.5 to 1 time of the height of the side branch hole; the distance between the lower threshold and the side supporting hole is 0.4-0.8 times of the width of the bottom plate. The energy dissipater comprises the lower sill, the higher sill and the bottom plate, and the size of the energy dissipater is specifically designed, so that energy dissipation can be effectively carried out on a water body, water flow can be effectively and uniformly distributed in the lock chamber, the stable anchoring condition of a ship in the lock chamber is guaranteed, and the water delivery efficiency is also increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medium and high water head ship lock engineering, and particularly relates to an inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system and an arrangement method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of inland river shipping industry, the water head and the plane scale of a ship lock are continuously enlarged, the efficiency of a water delivery system is continuously improved, and the type of the ship lock water delivery system is gradually complicated, namely, a centralized water delivery system with a lower water head is developed into a dispersed water delivery system with a higher water head. However, when the water head is increased to a certain value, water flow is easily distributed unevenly in the lock chamber, and large water surface slope and transverse water flow are generated in the lock chamber due to the unevenness of the valves on the two sides of the water delivery system when the valves are opened, so that the mooring condition of the ship in the lock chamber is difficult to meet, and the water delivery efficiency is difficult to meet.
In view of the above problems, those skilled in the art have proposed various energy dissipators to reduce the energy of the water body and change the flow direction of the water flow, thereby improving the berthing condition of the ship in the lock chamber:
the Chinese patent with publication number CN101787688A discloses a lock chamber energy dissipation open ditch, which comprises open ditches arranged outside a lock chamber gallery water outlet branch hole in a lock chamber of a lock, the open ditches are surrounded by force dissipation sills which are spaced from each other, at least two open ditches are arranged on one side of the water outlet branch hole, the force dissipation sills are provided with water permeable holes or are arranged in a step shape from low to high outwards from the water outlet branch hole, the core of the energy dissipation I-shaped type provided by the patent is the open ditches, belongs to the traditional and basic energy dissipater type in a lock water delivery system, and the energy dissipation effect of the open ditches is limited for a medium-high water head lock project; the Chinese patent with publication number CN103397624B discloses an inverted K-shaped energy dissipater of a ship lock centralized water delivery system and an arrangement method thereof, wherein the energy dissipater is completely arranged in a grid energy dissipation chamber of a ship lock short gallery water delivery system with the grid energy dissipation chamber and comprises force dissipation sills, force dissipation beams and force dissipation baffles, the two longitudinal force dissipation sills are symmetrically arranged in front of water outlets of a left gallery and a right gallery of the water delivery system, a plurality of longitudinal force dissipation beams are symmetrically arranged in the energy dissipation chamber according to stepped partition holes, a plurality of longitudinal force dissipation baffles are arranged below grid holes on each top surface of the energy dissipation chamber, and the force dissipation sills, the force dissipation beams and the force dissipation baffles are combined into the inverted K-shaped energy dissipater on the cross section of the lock chamber. This patent is based on the grid energy dissipation room among the lock centralized water delivery system, has proposed an inverted K type energy dissipater. However, the application scenario of the patent is a centralized water delivery system and belongs to low-head ship lock engineering (the water head is generally below 10 m).
Therefore, the invention is based on the engineering of a medium-high water head ship lock (the water head is generally more than 10 m), and provides a novel inverted F-shaped energy dissipater aiming at a typical dispersed water delivery system-a single open trench of a long corridor water delivery system at the bottom of the lock, so as to obviously improve the energy dissipation effect and improve the mooring condition of a ship in a lock chamber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system and an arrangement method thereof, which aim to solve the existing problems: when the water head is increased to a certain value, water flow is unevenly distributed in the lock chamber, and large water surface slope and transverse water flow are generated in the lock chamber due to the unevenness of the valves on two sides of the water delivery system when the valves are opened, so that the berthing condition of the ship in the lock chamber is difficult to meet, and the water delivery efficiency is difficult to meet.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an inverted F-shaped dissipater for a ship lock decentralized water delivery system, the inverted F-shaped dissipater comprising:
the device comprises a bottom plate, a high sill and a low sill;
the width of the bottom plate is consistent with that of the open trench;
the high sill is fixed at one end of the bottom plate, and the low sill is fixed on the surface of the bottom plate;
the height of the high threshold is equal to the height of the gallery;
the height of the lower sill is 0.5 to 1 time of the height of the side branch hole;
the distance between the lower threshold and the side supporting hole is 0.4-0.8 times of the width of the bottom plate.
Further, the sill height is 0.5 times the side branch hole height.
Further, the sill height is equal to the side branch hole height.
Further, the distance between the lower threshold and the side branch hole is 0.4 times of the width of the bottom plate.
Further, the distance between the lower threshold and the side branch hole is 0.6 times of the width of the bottom plate.
Further, the distance between the lower threshold and the side branch hole is 0.8 times of the width of the bottom plate.
An arrangement method of inverted F-shaped energy dissipaters of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system is characterized in that the F-shaped energy dissipaters are fixed at the bottom of an open trench, a high sill and a low sill are located above a bottom plate, and the high sill of the F-shaped energy dissipaters is attached to a lock wall.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the energy dissipater consists of a lower sill, a higher sill and a bottom plate, and the size of the energy dissipater is specifically designed, so that the energy dissipation can be effectively realized in the following way: the jet flow of the side branch hole generates vortex energy dissipation through sudden shrinkage and sudden expansion; mixing energy dissipation is carried out on the water body between the side branch hole jet flow and the lower sill; shearing, mixing and energy dissipation are carried out on the side branch hole jet flow, the lower sill and most of water bodies in the open trench; the jet flow of the side branch hole crosses a lower threshold to prolong the energy dissipation of the mixing path; the side branch hole jet flow crosses the lower sill and is subjected to mixing energy dissipation with a water body between the lower sill and the upper sill; vortex energy dissipation occurs between branch hole jet flow and a water body above the high threshold.
2. The energy dissipater realizes energy dissipation and water flow state adjustment through a combined structure, can effectively enable water flow to be uniformly distributed in the lock chamber, guarantees the stable anchoring condition of a ship in the lock chamber, and increases water delivery efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional layout of inverted F-shaped energy dissipaters of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of the present invention;
figure 4 is a technical effect diagram of the inverted F energy dissipater of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a lock chamber; 2. a gate wall; 3. opening the ditch; 4. a gallery; 5. a side branch hole; 6. a base plate; 7. a high threshold; 8. and (4) lowering the threshold.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For medium and high water head ship lock engineering, a common water delivery system and energy dissipater type is a lock chamber bottom gallery side branch hole single open trench type. But its energy dissipation effect is limited for medium and high head lock engineering. Particularly, when the water head is increased to 15m or above, a large water surface slope and a transverse water flow are easily formed in the lock chamber, and further the ship lockage safety is threatened.
The invention is based on the medium-high water head ship lock engineering (the water head is generally more than 10 m), and provides a novel inverted F-shaped energy dissipater for a typical dispersed water delivery system, namely a single open trench of a long corridor water delivery system at the bottom of a lock. The energy dissipater consists of a lower sill, a higher sill and a bottom plate, and is arranged in front of the side branch hole, namely in the range of the open trench.
Referring specifically to fig. 2, the conventional ship lock includes:
the gate wall 2, the interior of the gate wall 2 encloses and forms a gate chamber 1;
a gallery 4 is arranged at the transverse center of the bottom of the lock chamber 1, and an open ditch 3 is formed between two sides of the gallery 4 and the lock wall 2;
and a plurality of side branch holes 5 are arranged on two sides of the gallery 4.
Referring specifically to fig. 1 and 2, the inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of the present invention comprises:
the width of the bottom plate 6 is consistent with that of the open trench 3;
a high sill 7 fixedly arranged at one end of the bottom plate 6, wherein the height of the high sill 7 is consistent with that of the gallery 4;
the lower sill 8 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the bottom plate 6, the height of the lower sill 8 is half of the height of the side supporting hole 5, or the height of the lower sill 8 is equal to the height of the side supporting hole 5.
The distance of the sill 8 from the side branch hole 5 is 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 times the width of the bottom plate 6.
The following is a specific embodiment of the present invention:
the effective dimension of the lock chamber 1 of the ship lock applied by the invention is 120m multiplied by 12m multiplied by 3.0m (length multiplied by width multiplied by the depth of water on the sill), the bottom gallery 4 of the lock chamber 1 is 3.8 m multiplied by 4m (width multiplied by height), the side branch holes 5 are 0.3 m multiplied by 1.7 m (width multiplied by height), and the open trench 3 is 2.8m multiplied by 5.4 m (width multiplied by height).
Then: the width B of the bottom plate 6 in the inverted F-shaped energy dissipater is consistent with the width of the open trench 3, namely B =2.8 m; the height of the high sill 7 is consistent with the total height of the gallery 4 and is 4 m; the sill 8 height H is half or uniform of the side branch hole 5 height H, i.e. H =0.5H =0.85m or H =1.7 m; the distance B of the sill 8 from the side branch hole 5 is 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 times the width B of the floor panel 6, i.e. B =0.4B, 0.6B, 0.8B =1.12m, 1.68m, 2.24 m.
Referring to fig. 3, by the above design, the energy dissipation principle is as follows:
firstly, the jet flow of the side branch hole 5 generates vortex energy dissipation through sudden shrinkage and sudden expansion;
secondly, mixing and energy dissipation are carried out on the water body between the jet flow of the side branch hole 5 and the lower sill 8;
thirdly, the jet flow of the side branch hole 5 and most of the water bodies on the lower sill 8 and in the open trench 3 are subjected to shearing, mixing and energy dissipation;
fourthly, the jet flow of the side branch hole 5 crosses the lower sill 8 to prolong the energy dissipation of the mixing path;
the side branch hole 5 jet flow crosses the lower sill 8 and generates mixing energy dissipation with the water body between the lower sill 8 and the high sill 7;
and sixthly, vortex energy dissipation is generated between the branch hole jet flow and the water body above the high sill 7.
Referring to fig. 2, it can be seen that the arrangement method of the F-type energy dissipater of the present invention is:
and fixing the F-shaped energy dissipater at the bottom of the open trench 3, enabling the high sill 7 and the low sill 8 to be positioned above the bottom plate 6, and enabling the high sill 7 of the F-shaped energy dissipater to be attached to the gate wall 2.
Further, referring to FIG. 4, we have analyzed the residual specific energy of the chamber 1 in a characteristic horizontal section.
Wherein Ept is the residual specific energy of water flow on a certain horizontal plane of the lock chamber 1; d0 is a certain water depth from the bottom of chamber 1; d is the depth of the lock chamber 1.
As can be seen from fig. 4:
firstly, when the height of the lower sill 8 is half of the height of the side branch hole 5 (H = 0.5H), the energy dissipation effect is firstly optimized and then deteriorated as the distance between the lower sill 8 and the side branch hole 5 is increased; when the height of the sill 8 is the same as that of the side branch hole 5 (H = H), under the condition of the width of the existing open trench 3, the energy dissipation effect is gradually better along with the increase of the distance from the sill 8 to the side branch hole 5;
secondly, the energy dissipation effect after the inverted F-shaped energy dissipaters are arranged in the single open trench 3 is superior to that of the scheme without the inverted F-shaped energy dissipaters. It was also found that when the height of the sill 8 is half the height of the side branch hole 5 (H = 0.5H), the energy dissipation effect is superior to the arrangement in which the height of the sill 8 is the same as the height of the side branch hole 5 (H = H), and the energy dissipation effect in the chamber 1 is the best when the sill 8 is at a distance B =0.4B, 0.6B from the side branch hole 5.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a ship lock dispersion water delivery system falls F type energy dissipater which characterized in that: the inverted F-shaped energy dissipater comprises:
a bottom plate (6), a high sill (7) and a low sill (8);
the width of the bottom plate (6) is consistent with that of the open trench (3);
the high threshold (7) is fixed at one end of the bottom plate (6), and the low threshold (8) is fixed on the surface of the bottom plate (6);
the height of the high threshold (7) is equal to the height of the gallery (4);
the height of the lower sill (8) is 0.5-1 time of the height of the side branch hole (5);
the distance between the lower threshold (8) and the side branch hole (5) is 0.4-0.8 times of the width of the bottom plate (6).
2. The inverted-F energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the height of the lower threshold (8) is 0.5 time of that of the side branch hole (5).
3. The inverted-F energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the height of the lower threshold (8) is equal to that of the side branch hole (5).
4. The inverted-F energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the lower threshold (8) and the side branch hole (5) is 0.4 times of the width of the bottom plate (6).
5. The inverted-F energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the lower threshold (8) and the side branch hole (5) is 0.6 times of the width of the bottom plate (6).
6. The inverted-F energy dissipater of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the lower threshold (8) and the side branch hole (5) is 0.8 times of the width of the bottom plate (6).
7. An arrangement method of inverted F-shaped energy dissipaters of a ship lock dispersed water delivery system is characterized in that: the F-shaped energy dissipater is fixed at the bottom of the open trench (3), the high threshold (7) and the low threshold (8) are located above the bottom plate (6), and the high threshold (7) of the F-shaped energy dissipater is attached to the gate wall (2).
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| CN202111184707.9A CN113863266B (en) | 2021-10-12 | 2021-10-12 | Inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of ship lock dispersed water delivery system and arrangement method thereof |
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| CN202111184707.9A CN113863266B (en) | 2021-10-12 | 2021-10-12 | Inverted F-shaped energy dissipater of ship lock dispersed water delivery system and arrangement method thereof |
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| CN113863266A true CN113863266A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
| CN113863266B CN113863266B (en) | 2022-11-29 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101787688A (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-07-28 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Lock chamber energy dissipating open ditch of ship lock |
| US20100260549A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2010-10-14 | Bert Gustav Shelton | Water-saving lock configurations and operations |
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2021
- 2021-10-12 CN CN202111184707.9A patent/CN113863266B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100260549A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2010-10-14 | Bert Gustav Shelton | Water-saving lock configurations and operations |
| CN101787688A (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2010-07-28 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Lock chamber energy dissipating open ditch of ship lock |
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| CN113863266B (en) | 2022-11-29 |
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