CN113863145A

CN113863145A - Construction method of bridge on slope for easy-to-slide side slope and bridge

Info

Publication number: CN113863145A
Application number: CN202111151927.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐卫宾; 黄志堂; 刘文召; 江海勇; 齐首新; 李正; 李伟玲; 李跃; 蒋成辉; 谢海辉; 刘根深; 温秉衡; 黄永鹏; 卢志杰; 肖杨; 马丽; 曾志; 宗宇鑫; 王涵成; 田静
Original assignee: Guangzhou Huantou Huacheng Environmental Protection Energy Co ltd; China Construction First Group Corp Ltd; China Construction First Bureau Group South China Construction Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Huantou Huacheng Environmental Protection Energy Co ltd; China Construction First Group Corp Ltd; China Construction First Bureau Group South China Construction Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-29
Filing date: 2021-09-29
Publication date: 2021-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-29
Also published as: LU502430B1; CN113863145B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of methods or equipment specially used for erecting or assembling bridges, and discloses an on-slope bridge construction method for an easily-sliding side slope and a bridge, wherein a slope bottom retaining wall is constructed at the bottom of an original side slope; filling earth and stone squares on the original side slope and compacting to form a reference surface which is flush with the top of the slope bottom retaining wall; then constructing a bridge lower structure including bridge columns on the reference surface; filling earth and stone squares on the reference surface and compacting to form an earth filling side slope; and finally constructing the upper structure of the bridge. According to the invention, horizontal slippage of the reference surface is blocked by the slope bottom retaining wall, and settlement is blocked by reinforced soil, so that a foundation which is not easy to slip and settle is provided for the bridge column; the reinforced soil is further backfilled on the reference surface to form the soil-filled side slope which is more beneficial to water drainage compared with the primary side slope, so that the reference surface is protected, precipitation is ensured to be quickly discharged along the side slope, and the weather resistance of the soil-filled side slope is enhanced by adopting a series of means.

Description

Construction method of bridge on slope for easy-to-slide side slope and bridge

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of methods or equipment special for erecting or assembling bridges, in particular to an on-slope bridge construction method for an easy-slippage side slope and a bridge.

Background

In the process of bridge construction, the stability of the bridge column is crucial, and the bridge column cannot be horizontally displaced, inclined and settled.

The bridge is built on the foundation, the bridge is easy to build when the foundation is stable, and the foundation is unstable, namely a weak foundation, so that the foundation must be treated in advance before the bridge is built, and the stability of the bridge is improved. The weak foundation is characterized by loose soil, high water content and poor bearing capacity, and is characterized by easy settlement and slippage, and if the foundation is positioned on a side slope, the settlement and slippage are more serious, thus providing greater challenge for building a bridge.

Soft foundations on slopes, typically in the form of a mountain road bridge and a road bridge constructed along the feet/valleys of a mountain. A large number of construction scenes exist in southern areas of China, but hills in southeast areas and mountains in southwest areas are not. The most typical case is the adult railway, because the foundation is extremely bad, the construction difficulty of the adult railway attracts attention, accidents frequently occur in the construction process and the operation process, and construction and maintenance personnel frequently sacrifice the adult railway. Various foundation stabilization measures such as a pad replacement method, a dynamic compaction method, a sand-stone pile method, a vibroflotation method, a cement-soil stirring method, a high-pressure injection grouting method, a prepressing method, a rammed cement-soil pile method, a cement fly ash gravel pile method, a lime-soil compaction pile method, a pile hammer impact pile-expanding method and the like are applied to the project at present, but cannot be radically treated, and accidents are still frequent in the adult Kunmu railway at present.

The construction scene in the application belongs to the soft foundation on the side slope. The ecological water-land filling is positioned at the foot of eighteen mountains in the Chinizhen carp pond village in the Kyoho city, the surface soil is mainly a loose fourth-system artificial filling layer, the average annual rainfall reaches 1753.9mm, the annual runoff, the nano-tide volume and the water and soil loss volume of the area are all large, the annual average runoff volume is 1742 billion cubic meters, the total annual runoff volume of the Zhujiang river is 43%, the annual average moisture inflow volume is 2843 billion cubic meters, and the annual average moisture inflow volume is 75% of the total tidal volume of the Zhujiang river; the annual average sand transportation amount is about 3389 ten thousand tons, and accounts for 47.7 percent of the total sand transportation amount of the Zhujiang river. The settlement and slippage of the foundation are very serious.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a construction method of an on-slope bridge for an easy-slippage side slope and a bridge.

The technical problem to be solved is that: when a bridge is built on a soft foundation on a side slope, the foundation is easy to settle and slide, and the bridge is damaged or cannot be built.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a construction method of an on-slope bridge for an easy-slippage side slope is characterized in that the trend of the bridge is parallel to the trend of the side slope; the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: building a slope bottom retaining wall at the bottom of the primary slope;

step two: filling earth and stone squares on the original side slope and compacting to form a reference surface which is flush with the top of the slope bottom retaining wall;

step three: constructing a bridge lower structure including bridge columns on the datum plane;

step four: filling earth and stones on the reference surface and compacting to form an earth filling side slope without a reverse slope, wherein the projection of each bridge pillar in the vertical direction falls into the projection of the earth filling side slope in the vertical direction;

step five: and (5) constructing the upper structure of the bridge.

Further, in the second step, the slope rate of the original slope is steeper than 1: and 5, digging the primary side slope into a step shape and then filling the earth and the stone.

And further, if the bridge comprises a member lower than the completion surface of the filled soil slope, filling earth and stones on the reference surface and compacting to form a construction platform of the member lower than the completion surface of the filled soil slope.

And further, in the fourth step, earth and stone are backfilled in a stepped layered mode and compacted.

And further, in the fourth step, the soil filling side slopes are set to be slopes in a grading mode.

Furthermore, a backfill drainage layer is embedded in the fill side slope and comprises an inclined section, a vertical section and a plurality of horizontal sections, the inclined section is parallel to the slope surface of the fill side slope, the vertical section is communicated with the bottom of the inclined section and vertically extends downwards, the horizontal sections outwards extend out of the fill side slope from the inclined section or the vertical section and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the horizontal sections of the backfill drainage layer, which are lower than the retaining wall at the bottom of the slope, extend out along the avoiding position openings on the retaining wall at the bottom of the slope; the backfill drainage layer is made of a permeable porous material, and the slope bottom retaining wall is provided with pores for water in the earth and stone to flow out; and a catch drain for preventing the downward flow of the flat disc at the top of the slope is arranged at the top line of the slope of the filled slope, and drainage ditches for draining the precipitation at each stage of the filled slope are respectively arranged at the toe line of the slope.

Furthermore, the earth and rock space backfilled on the original side slope is reinforced earth, the slope bottom retaining wall is a pile plate type retaining wall or an upward inclined retaining wall, the soil filling side slope further comprises an additional retaining wall used for reinforcing the slope top flat disc edge with easy water and soil loss, and a rotary digging pile and a frame anchor rod used for reinforcing a higher side slope.

Further, a slope top impermeable layer for preventing precipitation from permeating is paved on the slope top flat disc of the soil filling slope; the slope surface of the filling side slope is wrapped with a slope surface protective layer for preventing water and soil loss, and the slope surface protective layer is a geotextile bag reverse-wrapping greening protective layer.

Furthermore, an inner filling layer with a buffering function, an anti-tilting sleeve for preventing earth and stone from impacting the bridge column, an outer filling layer with a buffering function and a column periphery earth stabilizing rib for stabilizing earth and stone on the periphery of the bridge column are sequentially wrapped around the part, located in the earth filling side slope, of the bridge column from inside to outside; the inner filling layer and the outer filling layer are formed by accumulating solid particles, and the soil stabilizing ribs around the columns are buried in the earth and stone.

The construction method for the bridge on the slope for the side slope easy to slide is adopted to complete construction.

Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the bridge on the slope for the easy-to-slip side slope and the bridge have the following beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, reinforced earth is backfilled between the slope bottom retaining wall and the primary side slope to form a reference surface, the horizontal slip of the reference surface is blocked by the slope bottom retaining wall, and the settlement is blocked by the reinforced earth, so that a foundation which is not easy to slip and settle is provided for the bridge column;

according to the invention, the reinforced soil is further backfilled on the reference surface to form the soil-filled side slope which is more beneficial to drainage (the height from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope is monotonous and does not increase, and a place where water is retained like the original side slope does not exist) compared with the original side slope, so that the reference surface is protected, precipitation is ensured to be rapidly discharged along the side slope, the bearing capacity of the reference surface is not reduced due to the fact that the precipitation permeates into the reference surface, the bridge pillar is further stabilized, the bridge pillar is further prevented from settling and sliding, and the transverse acting force of a vehicle during turning is further resisted;

according to the invention, through reinforced soil, an additional retaining wall, rotary excavating piles and frame anchor rods, the slippage of the filled side slope is further ensured after the construction is finished, and through arrangement of an inner filling layer, an anti-tilting sleeve, an outer filling layer and soil stabilizing ribs around the pile, the slippage of the filled side slope (mainly in the earth and rockfill backfilling process) is ensured not to bring about tilting of the bridge pile;

according to the invention, the slope top impermeable layer and the intercepting ditch are arranged to prevent upper precipitation from permeating into the filled slope, the backfill drainage layer is arranged to quickly drain water permeating into the filled slope to prevent the water from permeating into the reference surface, the drainage ditch is arranged to further ensure that the precipitation is quickly drained along the slope, and the slope surface layer soil of the filled slope is prevented from being washed away by the precipitation through the slope surface protective layer; the above measures are combined to ensure that the soil filling side slope effectively drains under strong rainfall, and the bearing capacity of the reference surface is prevented from being reduced due to the fact that the rainfall permeates into the reference surface;

according to the invention, earth and stone backfilling and bridge substructure alternate construction are carried out, earth and stone in backfilling can be used as a construction platform of a part of bridge members (such as a tie beam), and the construction of the two parts are organically combined together, so that not only can mutual interference be avoided, but also the cost of building construction platforms such as scaffolds and the like is saved and the construction process is accelerated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the overall structure of a bridge; in this embodiment, the bridge is very long, and fig. 2-4 are side slopes at different positions;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the positional relationship of the bridge post with the rest; the position of the original side slope in the figure is indicated by a dotted line, and in reality, the close combination does not have an interface;

FIG. 3 is a first schematic structural view of a fill side slope;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view II of the soil-filling side slope; in the figure, an additional retaining wall is arranged on the edge of the slope top flat plate, and the primary side slope is excavated into a step shape;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a protective layer around a bridge post;

the method comprises the following steps of 1-slope bottom retaining wall, 2-bridge column, 21-inner filling layer, 22-anti-tilting sleeve, 23-outer filling layer, 24-column periphery soil stabilizing rib, 31-filling side slope, 32-backfill drainage layer, 33-slope top impermeable layer, 34-drainage ditch, 35-cut ditch and 4-original side slope.

Detailed Description

A construction method of an on-slope bridge for an easy-slippage side slope is characterized in that the trend of the bridge is parallel to the trend of the side slope; the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: building a slope bottom retaining wall 1 at the bottom of the primary side slope 4;

step two: filling earth and stone squares on the primary side slope 4 and compacting to form a reference surface which is flush with the top of the slope bottom retaining wall 1; before backfilling construction, removing earth surface vegetation, building and domestic garbage and soft plastic-flow plastic soft soil;

step three: constructing a bridge lower structure comprising the bridge columns 2 on the datum plane;

step four: filling earth and stones on the reference surface and compacting to form an earth-filled side slope 31 without a reverse slope, wherein the projection of each bridge pillar 2 in the vertical direction falls into the projection of the earth-filled side slope 31 in the vertical direction;

step five: and (5) constructing the upper structure of the bridge.

In this embodiment, the bridge is a curved bridge constructed along the mountain legs, and the finished structure is shown in fig. 1-2.

The direction of the fill side slope 31 is the same as the direction of the primary side slope 4, that is, the primary side slope 4 faces generally, and the fill side slope 31 also faces generally.

As shown in fig. 4, in step two, the slope ratio on the primary side slope 4 is steeper than 1: 5, digging the original side slope 4 into a step shape and then filling the earth and the stone. This is done to allow the backfilled earthwork to be more tightly coupled to the primary side slope 4. In this embodiment, the step width is not less than 2m, and the height is not less than 0.5 m.

And if the bridge comprises a member lower than the finished surface of the filled soil slope 31, filling earth and stones on the reference surface and compacting to form a construction platform of the member lower than the finished surface of the filled soil slope 31. In the embodiment, a plurality of tie beams are lower than the finished surface of the filled-in side slope 31, so when the filled-in side slope 31 is backfilled, the height of the tie beams is backfilled to be slightly lower than the height of the tie beams, and the rest earth and stone are backfilled after the tie beams are constructed.

The bridge columns 2 are high pier columns, the bridge columns 2 on the same cross section of the bridge are connected with each other through tie beams, and at least one tie beam is embedded in the filled slope 31, so that the bonding effect of the filled slope 31 is greatly enhanced.

In this embodiment, the soil-filled side slope 31 is high, and the slope surface is close to one side edge of the bottom of the bridge deck, so that many members including the bridge deck can all use the soil-filled side slope 31 as a construction platform. The built maintenance and repair work can be used as a construction platform.

And in the fourth step, the earth and stone are backfilled and compacted in a stepped layered mode, so that backfilling and compacting work can be conveniently completed on the side slope.

As shown in fig. 3, in the fourth step, the soil-filled slopes 31 are set to be level-graded. In this embodiment, for the region of the graded slope raising, the slope rate is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and in the partial region, the slope height is smaller, so the graded slope raising is not needed.

As shown in fig. 3-4, a backfill drainage layer 32 is buried in the fill side slope 31, the backfill drainage layer 32 includes a plurality of inclined segments, a vertical segment and a plurality of horizontal segments, the inclined segments are arranged parallel to the slope surface of the fill side slope 31, the vertical segment is communicated with the bottom of the inclined segments and vertically extends downwards, and the horizontal segments are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction from the inclined segments or the vertical segments to the outside to extend out of the fill side slope 31; the backfill soil drainage layer 32 is made of a permeable porous material, a 50 cm-thick graded gravel layer is adopted as the backfill soil drainage layer 32 in the embodiment, and it is noted that the particle sizes of the selected gravels are adjusted according to the positions of the three subsections because the three subsections bear the pressure of the earth and stone above the three subsections, so that the backfill soil drainage layer is not easy to crush. The slope bottom retaining wall 1 is provided with holes for water in the earth and stone to flow out; an intercepting ditch 35 for preventing the water of the flat disc on the top of the slope from flowing down is arranged at the top line of the filled slope 31, and a drainage ditch 34 for draining the precipitation of each stage of the filled slope 31 is respectively arranged at the toe line of the stage.

Note that the horizontal sections of the backfill drainage layer 32 below the slope bottom retaining wall 1 protrude along the apertures in the slope bottom retaining wall 1.

The earth and stone filled back on the original side slope 4 is reinforced earth, namely the earth with tensioned geogrids laid in layers. The slope-bottom retaining wall 1 is a pile-plate retaining wall, a reinforced earth retaining wall or an upward-inclined retaining wall, and the soil-filling side slope 31 further comprises an additional retaining wall for reinforcing the edge of a slope top flat disc prone to water and soil loss, and a rotary excavating pile and a frame anchor rod for reinforcing a higher side slope. That is, in actual construction, the reinforcement mode is selected according to the actual condition of the slope position. The slope in this embodiment is divided into 19 sections, and the reinforcement condition of each section is designed according to the factors such as slope rate, slope height, soil property, and the like, and will not be described herein again.

A slope top impermeable layer 33 for preventing precipitation from permeating is paved on the slope top flat disc of the soil-filling slope 31; the slope surface of the soil-filled slope 31 is wrapped with a slope surface protective layer for preventing water and soil loss, the slope top impermeable layer 33 in the embodiment is a clay layer with the thickness of 50 cm, and the slope surface protective layer is a geotextile bag reverse wrapping greening protective layer, namely, the slope surface is reversely wrapped by a geotextile bag firstly, then grass is planted on the geotextile bag, and of course, the slope surface protective layer can be replaced by an air brick greening protective layer, namely, air bricks are paved on the slope surface firstly, and then grass is planted.

As shown in fig. 5, the periphery of the part of the bridge column 2 located in the filling slope 31 is sequentially wrapped with an inner filling layer 21 for buffering, an anti-tilting sleeve 22 for preventing the earth and stone from impacting the bridge column 2, an outer filling layer 23 for buffering, and a column periphery soil stabilizing rib 24 for stabilizing the earth and stone on the periphery of the bridge column 2 from inside to outside; the inner filling layer 21 and the outer filling layer 23 are formed by accumulating solid particles, and the soil stabilizing ribs 24 around the column are buried in the earth and stone. The soil stabilizing ribs 24 around the columns are distributed in a groined shape, and a plurality of layers of tensioned geogrids can be selected.

The bridge column 2 is inevitably impacted by the earth and stone in the backfilling process, so the buffer structure is necessary to avoid the bridge column 2 from being impacted and distorted in the backfilling process. Besides the buffer function during the backfilling process, the buffer structure can also prevent the slippage from affecting the bridge column 2 if the slight slippage occurs on the filled slope 31 after the construction is finished. In this embodiment, the solid particles in the inner filling layer 21 are spherical ceramsite, and the solid particles in the outer filling layer 23 are crushed stone. The inner filling layer 21 is directly contacted with the bridge column 2 and is positioned in a confined space, so that spherical ceramsite with better buffering effect is filled.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method of an on-slope bridge for an easy-slippage side slope is characterized in that the trend of the bridge is parallel to the trend of the side slope; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: building a slope bottom retaining wall (1) at the bottom of the original slope (4);

step two: filling earth and stone squares on the original side slope (4) and compacting to form a reference surface which is flush with the top of the slope bottom retaining wall (1);

step three: constructing a bridge lower structure comprising bridge columns (2) on a datum plane;

step four: filling earth and stone squares on the reference surface and compacting to form an earth filling side slope (31) without a reverse slope, wherein the projection of each bridge pillar (2) in the vertical direction falls into the projection of the earth filling side slope (31) in the vertical direction;

step five: and (5) constructing the upper structure of the bridge.

2. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the slope rate of the original side slope (4) is steeper than 1: 5, firstly, digging the original side slope (4) into a step shape and then filling the earth and the stone.

3. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, if the bridge comprises a member lower than the finished surface of the filled slope (31), filling earth and stones on the reference surface and compacting to form a construction platform of the member lower than the finished surface of the filled slope (31).

4. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, the earthwork is backfilled and compacted in a stepped layered manner.

5. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the side slope (31) filled with soil is put on the slope in grades.

6. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: a backfill drainage layer (32) is buried in the fill side slope (31), the backfill drainage layer (32) comprises an inclined section, a vertical section and a plurality of horizontal sections, the inclined section is arranged in parallel to the slope surface of the fill side slope (31), the vertical section is communicated with the bottom of the inclined section and vertically extends downwards, and the horizontal sections outwards extend out of the fill side slope (31) from the inclined section or the vertical section and are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction; the backfill drainage layer (32) is made of a permeable porous material, and the slope bottom retaining wall (1) is provided with pores for water in the earth and stone to flow out; and a intercepting ditch (35) for preventing the water flow of the flat disc at the top of the slope is arranged at the top line position of the soil-filling side slope (31), and a drainage ditch (34) for draining the precipitation at each stage of the soil-filling side slope (31) is respectively arranged at the toe line position of the slope.

7. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: the earth and rock space backfilled on the original side slope (4) is reinforced earth, the slope bottom retaining wall (1) is a pile plate type retaining wall or an upward inclined retaining wall, and the soil filling side slope (31) further comprises an additional retaining wall used for reinforcing the slope top flat disc edge with easy water and soil loss, a rotary excavating pile used for reinforcing a higher side slope and a frame anchor rod.

8. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: a slope top impermeable layer (33) for preventing precipitation from permeating is paved on the slope top flat disc of the soil filling side slope (31); the slope surface of the filling side slope (31) is wrapped with a slope surface protective layer for preventing water and soil loss, and the slope surface protective layer is a geotextile bag reverse wrapping greening protective layer.

9. The method for constructing an on-slope bridge for an easily slidable slope according to claim 1, wherein: an inner filling layer (21) playing a role of buffering, an anti-deflection sleeve (22) for preventing earth and stone from impacting the bridge column (2), an outer filling layer (23) playing a role of buffering and a column periphery earth stabilizing rib (24) for stabilizing earth and stone on the periphery of the bridge column (2) are sequentially wrapped around the part, located in the earth filling side slope (31), of the bridge column (2) from inside to outside; the inner filling layer (21) and the outer filling layer (23) are formed by accumulating solid particles, and the soil stabilizing ribs (24) around the columns are buried in earth and stone.

10. The utility model provides a bridge on slope for easy side slope that slides which characterized in that: the construction is completed by adopting the construction method of the bridge on the slope for the easy-to-slip side slope according to any one of claims 1 to 9.