CN113863065B - Small-resistance backing plate and production method thereof - Google Patents

Small-resistance backing plate and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113863065B
CN113863065B CN202111123063.2A CN202111123063A CN113863065B CN 113863065 B CN113863065 B CN 113863065B CN 202111123063 A CN202111123063 A CN 202111123063A CN 113863065 B CN113863065 B CN 113863065B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
plate
adhesive
antifriction plate
antifriction
small
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202111123063.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113863065A (en
Inventor
黄承
荆蓉
曾飞
赵玉
张文科
樊永欣
蔡斌
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Luoyang Sunrui Rubber and Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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Luoyang Sunrui Rubber and Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111123063.2A priority Critical patent/CN113863065B/en
Publication of CN113863065A publication Critical patent/CN113863065A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
    • E01B9/683—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material layered or composite
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating

Abstract

The application provides a small-resistance backing plate and a production method thereof, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: s1, performing two-stage surface treatment on an antifriction plate to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate; s2, coating an adhesive on the active bonding surface to form an adhesive layer; s3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side surface of the adhesive layer, which is far away from the antifriction plate, and integrally vulcanizing the antifriction plate, the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain a small-resistance backing plate; the two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out; according to the small-resistance backing plate and the production method thereof, the antifriction plate is subjected to two-stage surface treatment, and the antifriction plate, the adhesive and the rubber material are integrally vulcanized, so that the bonding strength of the small-resistance backing plate is enhanced, and the vulcanization production process of the rubber plate and the bonding process of the antifriction plate are combined into a whole, thereby being beneficial to improving the production efficiency.

Description

Small-resistance backing plate and production method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of rail fasteners, in particular to a small-resistance backing plate and a production method thereof.
Background
At present, in the technical field of rail transit, when the temperature span of a region where a railway bridge is located is large, in order to reduce the interaction force between a bridge structure and a welded long rail on the bridge, the rail longitudinal resistance provided by a rail fastener is required to be small. To meet this requirement, low resistance fasteners are often used in overhead lines of the track that allow the rail to move when it is displaced within a certain range, thereby releasing the interaction forces between the bridge and rail.
In the prior art, the reduction of the longitudinal resistance of the fastener can be achieved by reducing the fastening force of the fastener and reducing the friction coefficient of the backing plate and the steel rail. For a swage that is tightened with a bolt, early techniques tended to use a way to reduce the swage force (i.e., reduce the nut torque) to achieve less longitudinal resistance. However, this method reduces the buckling pressure and the proportion of the spring Cheng Yecheng of the buckling piece, and greatly reduces the energy stored after the buckling piece is fastened, so as to accelerate the loosening of the buckling piece, so that this technology has been phased out. The mainstream technology at present is to reduce the friction coefficient between the steel rail and the rail lower backing plate by adopting a small-resistance fastener backing plate, so as to reduce the sliding friction force between the two.
In the prior art, a stainless steel-rubber composite backing plate is often adopted, after the stainless steel surface is rusted in the technology, the friction coefficient between the composite backing plate and the steel rail surface is rapidly increased, so that a small-resistance fastener loses a small-resistance function, even the phenomenon that the stainless steel plate is adhered to the lower part of the steel rail occurs, under the long-term action of dynamic loading of a train, the steel plate and the rubber can be degummed and peeled off on one hand, the backing plate which is obtained by the jumping is crushed or layered, and on the other hand, the resistance of longitudinal extension of the steel rail is increased, and the phenomenon of track irregularity is generated. The method brings great hidden danger to driving safety, frequently needs to replace the backing plate, and increases railway maintenance cost.
In addition, in order to overcome the problems of the stainless steel plate, the non-metal plate-elastic layer composite backing plate is adopted in the prior art, and the technology has certain advantages in ageing resistance and service life of the backing plate, but the composite processing technology in the prior art is easy, the connection strength between the non-metal plate and the elastic layer is difficult to ensure, and under the dynamic loading environment of a train, the situation that the non-metal plate and the elastic layer are separated easily occurs, so that the backing plate is crushed or layered, and certain hidden danger is brought to driving safety.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application aims to provide a small resistance backing plate and a production method thereof, so as to solve the problems of rust on the surface of the backing plate, easy separation of an antifriction layer and an elastic layer of a small resistance fastener in the prior art, and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is realized as follows:
a method of producing a low drag backing plate comprising:
s1, performing two-stage surface treatment on an antifriction plate to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate;
s2, coating an adhesive on the active bonding surface to form an adhesive layer;
s3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side surface of the adhesive layer, which is far away from the antifriction plate, and integrally vulcanizing the antifriction plate, the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain a small-resistance backing plate;
the two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out.
Further, the mechanical surface treatment process is to utilize a grinding machine or a sand blasting machine to grind or sand blast the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate, and then blow the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate by compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate; the surface activation treatment process is to immerse the rough surface of the antifriction plate in sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, take out the antifriction plate after soaking for 15-30min, then carry out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate in water, then take out the antifriction plate, and the active bonding surface is obtained after the rough surface of the antifriction plate is dried.
Furthermore, the antifriction plate is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate, the adhesive is an elastomer bonding adhesive, and the rubber material is natural rubber.
Preferably, the elastomer bonding adhesive is a rubber vulcanization adhesive.
Further, after performing two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate, step S1 includes:
s11, resetting the count value to zero;
s12, detecting the hydrophilic performance of an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate, and detecting a contact angle A of the active bonding surface and water;
s13, judging whether A is smaller than a rated angle value; if yes, step S2 is carried out; if not, go to step S14;
s14, adding 1 to the count value, and judging whether the count value is larger than a preset value; if yes, taking the antifriction plate as a waste product; if not, the surface activation treatment process is carried out again on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate, and then the step S12 is returned.
Further, the rated angle value is 30-60 degrees, and the preset value is 2-4.
Preferably, step S3 is performed in a vulcanizing machine, and the mold of the vulcanizing machine is filled with 5 to 10kg/m based on the unit area of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 2 Is a natural rubber of (3).
Further, in the vulcanizing process of the step S3, the vulcanizing temperature is 100-170 ℃, the pressure is 10-20 MPa, and the vulcanizing time is 10-30 min.
A small-resistance backing plate adopts the production method of the small-resistance backing plate.
Furthermore, the small-resistance backing plate comprises an antifriction plate and a rubber layer, an adhesive vulcanization layer is arranged between the antifriction plate and the rubber layer, an active bonding surface is arranged on one side of the antifriction plate, facing the rubber layer, of the antifriction plate, one side surface of the adhesive vulcanization layer is connected with the active bonding surface, and the other side surface of the adhesive vulcanization layer is connected with the rubber layer in a vulcanization mode.
Compared with the prior art, the small-resistance backing plate and the production method thereof have the following advantages:
according to the small-resistance backing plate and the production method thereof, the two-stage surface treatment is carried out on the antifriction plate, so that the microcosmic surface area of the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate is increased, the surface activity of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate is improved, the bonding effect of the antifriction plate and the adhesive is improved, and the bonding strength of the small-resistance backing plate is enhanced; meanwhile, the antifriction plate, the adhesive and the rubber material are vulcanized integrally, so that the vulcanization reactivity of the rubber material or rubber particles can be fully utilized, and rubber particles and the adhesive and even the antifriction plate can be vulcanized and crosslinked fully, on the one hand, the vulcanization crosslinking degree of molecular chains among all the plate layers is further increased on the basis of the bonding acting force, and the bonding strength in the finished product of the small-resistance backing plate is improved; on the other hand, the vulcanization production process of the rubber plate is combined with the bonding process of the antifriction plate, which is favorable for simplifying the production and processing steps of the rubber plate and the small-resistance backing plate, simplifying the production process and improving the production efficiency.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a bottom view of a low resistance backing plate according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the direction B-B in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. an antifriction plate; 2. a rubber layer; 21. a shoulder structure; 22. a protrusion.
Detailed Description
The inventive concepts of the present disclosure will be described below using terms commonly used by those skilled in the art to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. These inventive concepts may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In the prior art, in order to reduce the friction coefficient of a steel rail and a rail lower backing plate and overcome the corrosion problem existing in a stainless steel plate-rubber composite backing plate, a non-metal plate-elastic layer composite backing plate is often adopted in the prior art, and the technology has certain advantages in solving the surface corrosion problem of the backing plate in long-term use and has good performance of reducing sliding friction force; however, the composite processing technology in the prior art is easy, the connection strength between the non-metal plate and the elastic layer is difficult to ensure, and under the dynamic loading environment of a train, the situation that the non-metal plate and the elastic layer are separated easily occurs, so that the base plate is crushed or layered, and certain hidden danger is brought to driving safety.
In addition, it should be noted that, for the composite pad made of different materials, according to the application requirement of the track fastener, in view of the fact that the "small resistance pad" in the present application is preferably a composite pad made of a non-metal plate and rubber, the "bonding strength of the small resistance pad" in the present application also mainly refers to the bonding strength between the non-metal plate and rubber. Meanwhile, in order to avoid ambiguity, the term "adhesive strength" in the present application means the same as "adhesive strength".
In order to solve the problems of rust on the surface of a small-resistance fastener backing plate, easy separation of the connection part of an antifriction layer and an elastic layer and the like in the prior art, the embodiment provides a small-resistance backing plate and a production method thereof, and in order to facilitate understanding of a production and processing technology, the application firstly introduces a finished product structure of the small-resistance backing plate:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the small-resistance backing plate comprises an antifriction plate 1 and a rubber layer 2, an adhesive vulcanization layer (with extremely small thickness and no illustration) is arranged between the antifriction plate 1 and the rubber layer 2, the antifriction plate 1 is subjected to two-stage surface treatment, so that one side of the antifriction plate 1 facing the rubber layer 2 is provided with an active bonding surface, one side surface of the adhesive vulcanization layer is connected with the active bonding surface, and the other side surface of the adhesive vulcanization layer is connected with the rubber layer 2 in a vulcanization manner.
Wherein, antifriction plate 1 is polytetrafluoroethylene board or ultra high molecular weight polyethylene board that market, can satisfy track pad size demand through customizing specific panel size, and the description is omitted here. The material is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with the molecular weight of more than 500 ten thousand, so that on one hand, the antifriction plate 1 is ensured to have enough mechanical strength to meet the rigidity requirement of a rail backing plate, and on the other hand, the antifriction plate 1 is favorably ensured to have good sliding friction coefficient, the sliding friction force of a steel rail and a rail lower backing plate is reduced, and the longitudinal telescopic resistance of the steel rail is favorably reduced.
In the rubber layer 2, unlike the prior art, the rubber layer 2 in the present application is not a plate structure before the production and processing of the low-resistance backing plate, and the production and processing process is not simple to bond and vulcanize the antifriction plate 1 and the rubber plate. In the application, the rubber layer 2 adopts conventional rubber materials or rubber particles before processing, the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 is connected with an adhesive vulcanization layer, then the antifriction plate is placed into a vulcanizing machine die, and the rubber materials or rubber particles are uniformly paved on one side of the adhesive vulcanization layer far away from the active bonding surface for vulcanization. Namely, the antifriction plate 1, the adhesive vulcanization layer and the rubber layer 2 can be integrally vulcanized and formed. The processing mode is beneficial to fully utilizing the vulcanization reaction activity of rubber sizing materials or rubber particles, so that the rubber particles can be fully vulcanized and crosslinked with the bonding vulcanized layer and even with the antifriction plate 1, on one hand, on the basis of the bonding acting force, the vulcanization crosslinking degree of molecular chains among all the plate layers is further increased, and the bonding strength in the finished product of the small-resistance backing plate is improved; on the other hand, the vulcanization production process of the rubber plate is combined with the bonding process of the antifriction plate 1, which is favorable for simplifying the production and processing steps of the rubber plate and the small-resistance backing plate, simplifying the production process and improving the production efficiency.
In view of the fact that the integral vulcanization molding is carried out by utilizing the characteristics of rubber compounds or rubber particles in the application, the antifriction plate 1 can be a straight plate; however, in order to further enhance the structural connection reliability between the antifriction plate 1 and the rubber layer 2, the antifriction plate 1 may be provided with an embedded structure on a side surface facing the rubber layer 2 instead of a planar structure, and then subjected to corresponding production processes such as surface treatment, integral vulcanization, and the like.
The embedded structure may be a structure extending from the antifriction plate 1 to the inside of the rubber layer 2, and in the process of integrally vulcanization, rubber particles flow and wrap the embedded structure under high temperature and high pressure environment, for example: the antifriction plate 1 is provided with a stud, or an embedded ring, or an embedded plate on the side facing the rubber layer 2; in this case, the friction reducing plate 1 is fitted into the rubber layer 2 by a fitting structure, and the fitting structure may be a solid body or may have a hole structure. When the embedded connection structure is a solid body, the rubber material can wrap the solid body; when the embedded connection structure has a hole structure, the rubber material not only can wrap the embedded connection structure, but also can enter the hole structure, so that the connection firmness between the antifriction plate 1 and the rubber layer 2 in structure is further enhanced.
In addition, the embedded connection structure may be a groove structure and/or a hole structure formed on a side surface of the antifriction plate 1 facing the rubber layer 2, and in the integral vulcanization process, rubber particles flow under high temperature and high pressure environment and enter the groove structure and/or the hole structure, that is, the rubber material of the rubber layer 2 is embedded into the antifriction plate 1 in the final-machined backing plate, specifically, the embedded connection structure of the antifriction plate 1.
In the same way, the processing mode in the application also ensures that the appearance structure of the rubber layer 2 is completely determined by the antifriction plate 1 and the die of the vulcanizing machine. In order to meet the requirement of the rail fastener, as a preferable mode, the rubber layer 2 after being processed and molded is marked as an assembling surface of the rubber layer 2 at one side far away from the antifriction plate 1, the assembling surface of the rubber layer 2 is provided with a plurality of bulges 22 for meeting the elastic (rigidity) requirement of a backing plate in the rail fastener, the bulges 22 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a cube, a cuboid, a special-shaped column and the like, and the bulges 22 can be vertically and horizontally aligned and distributed or can be staggered; the outer edge of the assembly surface is provided with a shoulder structure 21, and the small-resistance backing plate is assembled and positioned with the corresponding assembly through the shoulder structure 21, for example, the small-resistance backing plate is buckled with the rail sinking groove through the shoulder structure 21. Preferably, the shoulder structure 21 may be regarded as a protruding structure respectively disposed at two side edges of the assembly surface, and the extending directions of the protruding structures are parallel to the rail direction; any protruding structure can be a complete protruding strip or can be formed by arranging a plurality of protruding blocks at intervals. Of course, the shoulder structure 21 may be provided in advance in the antifriction plate 1; namely, in the application, the friction reducing plate 1 is provided with the shoulder structure 21, and/or the rubber layer 2 is provided with the shoulder structure 21, so long as the requirement that the whole formed small-resistance backing plate is provided with the corresponding shoulder structure 21 is met, and the assembly of the track component is met.
With respect to the above-described structure of the finished product of the small-resistance mat, a production method of the small-resistance mat for producing the above-described finished product of the small-resistance mat will be described next. The production method comprises the following steps:
s1, performing two-stage surface treatment on an antifriction plate 1 to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1;
s2, coating an adhesive on the active bonding surface to form an adhesive layer;
s3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side surface of the adhesive layer, which is far away from the antifriction plate 1, and integrally vulcanizing the antifriction plate 1, the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain the small-resistance backing plate.
The connection condition between the antifriction plates 1 and the rubber materials comprises not only an interfacial bonding structure but also an intermolecular vulcanization structure through the bonding effect of the adhesive and an integral vulcanization process, and for convenience of description, the bonding structure and the vulcanization structure integration between the antifriction plates 1 and the rubber layers 2 are collectively called as an adhesive vulcanization layer; the adhesive vulcanization layer includes not only the adhesive but also the chemical bond structure between the adhesive and the friction reducing plate 1 and the chemical bond structure between the adhesive and the rubber layer 2 on a microscopic level.
Next, each step in the process will be described one by one:
in step S1, the antifriction plate 1 is a commercially available polytetrafluoroethylene plate or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate having a molecular weight of 500 ten thousand or more, and is identical to the above, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out.
The mechanical surface treatment process is to polish or sand blast the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by using a conventional polisher or sand blast machine, and then blow the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by using compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1. In the application and the specific embodiment, the mechanical surface treatment process is carried out according to the requirement of 30-60 meshes no matter the polishing treatment or the sand blasting treatment is adopted, the polishing mesh number of the polishing machine is 30-60 meshes, or the sand blasting mesh number of the sand blaster is 30-60 meshes; in view of the fact that the specific related devices, and the polishing operation or the blasting operation are all prior art, they are not described in detail herein.
The surface activation treatment process is to immerse the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, take out the antifriction plate 1 after soaking for 15-30min, then carry out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then take out the antifriction plate 1, and obtain the active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried.
In the application and the specific embodiment, the sodium naphthalene solution comprises the following components: based on 1L tetrahydrofuran, 80g of refined naphthalene and 30g of sodium are prepared by a conventional preparation method, and the preparation of naphthalene sodium solution is the prior art and is not described herein.
Firstly, the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 is roughened through a mechanical surface treatment process, so that the microscopic surface area of the surface to be bonded is increased, the contact area of the antifriction plate 1 and the adhesive and the activation treatment area of the antifriction plate 1 are increased, the surface activation treatment efficiency is enhanced, the surface activity of the active bonding surface is improved, and the bonding strength of the antifriction plate 1 and the adhesive is improved. Then, the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is activated by using a sodium naphthalene solution, molecular bonds on the surface layer of the rough surface can be destroyed on one hand, so that the surface of the rough surface on the microcosmic degree is further defective, a microcosmic concave-convex surface is formed, and the microcosmic surface area of the surface to be bonded can be further increased; on the other hand, in the process of destroying molecular bonds on the surface layer of the rough surface by activation treatment, a considerable part of chemical bonds are broken, so that the surface of the rough surface is changed from a relatively inert stable state to a surface relatively active state, and particularly, after the polytetrafluoroethylene plate is treated by naphthalene sodium solution, a large amount of fluorine atoms on the surface layer of the rough surface are removed, the surface activity of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate is further enhanced, the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 is changed from a hydrophobic state before two-stage surface treatment to a hydrophilic state after two-stage surface treatment, and therefore, the adhesive can be completely adhered on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1, the bonding effect of the antifriction plate 1 and the adhesive is improved, and the bonding strength between the antifriction plate 1 and the adhesive is enhanced.
Before proceeding to step S2, step S1 further includes:
s11, performing two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate 1 to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and returning the count value to zero;
s12, detecting the hydrophilic performance of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and detecting the contact angle A of the active bonding surface and water;
s13, judging whether A is smaller than a rated angle value; if yes, step S2 is carried out; if not, go to step S14;
s14, adding 1 to the count value, and judging whether the count value is larger than a preset value; if yes, taking the antifriction plate 1 as a waste product; if not, the surface activation treatment process is again performed on the active bonding surface of the friction reducing plate 1, and then the process returns to step S12.
The two-stage surface treatment process in step S11 and the surface activation process in step S14 are identical to the foregoing corresponding contents, and are not described in detail. In the step S12, the hydrophilic performance is detected according to the detection method in GB/T30693-2014 measurement of contact angle of plastic film with water, and the contact angle A of the active bonding surface with water is detected. In steps S13 and S14, the rated angle value and the preset value are preset values set according to actual production requirements and product quality requirements, the range of the rated angle value can be 30 ° -60 °, and the range of the preset value is 2-4. Preferably, the nominal angle is 45 ° and the preset value is 3.
Therefore, after the surface treatment is carried out on the antifriction plate 1, the hydrophilic performance of the active bonding surface is detected and judged, and the step S2 is carried out after the hydrophilic performance requirement is met, so that the finished product rate of the adhesive coated in the step S2 is guaranteed, the performance consistency of the final finished product is guaranteed, and the defective rate in the whole production method is reduced; meanwhile, when the requirement of hydrophilic performance is not met, the surface activation treatment process is carried out on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 again, so that on one hand, the surface activity of the active bonding surface can be further improved, and on the other hand, the rejection rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the production loss is reduced; in addition, through counting the times of failing that the hydrophilic performance of same antifriction plate 1 detected, when the times of failing in succession exceeds standard, directly regard this antifriction plate 1 as the waste product, satisfy the requirement of guaranteeing production efficiency on the one hand, on the other hand can retrieve, research to the waste product to be convenient for optimize follow-up raw materials quality, and research improves production method.
In step S2, it includes:
s21, painting the active bonding surface by using an adhesive to enable the active bonding surface to be fully contacted with the adhesive;
the adhesive comprises an elastomer bonding adhesive, and the elastomer bonding adhesive is preferably a rubber vulcanization adhesive purchased in the market, such as a Saccharum sinensis Roxb adhesive, a TKK adhesive, a Diplop SC2000 adhesive, a Sibang 144 adhesive, a Qingdao sealing industry FZ-1 adhesive and other common rubber vulcanization adhesives in the market.
S22, placing the antifriction plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine die in a preheating process in a mode that the active bonding surface faces upwards.
The vulcanizer is a vulcanizing device commonly used in the rubber vulcanization processing field, such as a conventional 200T vulcanizer.
S23, keeping the heating temperature in the preheating process of the vulcanizing machine at the temperature rising speed of 1-3 ℃ per minute, and detecting the temperature T in the mold of the vulcanizing machine in real time;
for the detection of the temperature of the vulcanizing machine die, which belongs to the conventional parameter detection technology in conventional vulcanizing machine equipment, the data can be acquired in real time by setting a corresponding temperature detection device, and the description is omitted here.
S24, judging whether T is greater than a preset temperature; if yes, go to step S25; if not, returning to the step S23;
the preset temperature is a preset value set according to actual production requirements and equipment performance, and the value range of the preset temperature can be 80-120 ℃, preferably 110 ℃.
And S25, maintaining the current temperature of the vulcanizing machine die until the adhesive is dried, and performing step S3.
The operations of steps S21-S25 may be manually controlled by a technician, or may be automatically controlled by conventional electronic control techniques. According to the application, the preheating process of the vulcanizing machine and the drying process of the adhesive are carried out simultaneously through the steps S21-S25, so that compared with the natural air drying process of the adhesive, the drying process of the adhesive is accelerated, the production efficiency is improved, and the inside of the mold is in a relatively high-temperature environment during the preheating process of the vulcanizing machine, so that the activity of chemical bonds between the active bonding surface and the adhesive is improved, the bonding effect between the adhesive and the active bonding surface is improved, and the bonding strength between the adhesive and the active bonding surface is improved.
In the application, in the step S21, the active bonding surface can be directly coated with the rubber vulcanization adhesive; in addition, the application provides a more preferable scheme, and the adhesive further comprises a silane coupling agent based on the rubber vulcanization adhesive, wherein the silane coupling agent is preferably at least one of vinyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl triethoxy silane and N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl triethoxy silane.
Correspondingly, step S21 includes:
s211, coating a silane coupling agent on the active bonding surface so as to form a silane coupling agent layer on the active bonding surface;
s212, coating a rubber vulcanization adhesive on the silane coupling agent layer.
Therefore, firstly, the silane coupling agent is used for grafting and crosslinking with the antifriction plate 1 on the active bonding surface, so that the surface activity of the active bonding surface can be further improved, and then the rubber vulcanization adhesive is coated, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the bonding effect between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface, improving the bonding strength between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface, and being more beneficial to ensuring the bonding strength between the antifriction plate 1 and the rubber layer 2 in the final small-resistance pad finished product.
In step S3The rubber material is natural rubber, preferably commercially available natural rubber particles, such as tobacco sheet, raw rubber sheet, crepe rubber and the like, which are common in the market. Step S3 is carried out in a preheated vulcanizing machine mould, and 5-10 kg/m of the mould is filled with the unit area of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 as the reference 2 Natural rubber of (2), i.e. per 1m 2 5-10 kg of natural rubber is filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1. It should be noted that the area of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 is the area of the plate in the conventional sense, for example, the area of a conventional square plate, and can be calculated by multiplying the length by the width.
In the vulcanizing process, the vulcanizing machine works according to vulcanizing parameters of vulcanizing temperature of 100-170 ℃, pressure of 10-20 MPa and vulcanizing time of 10-30 min.
After that, taking into account the possible warpage and deformation of the polymer material after being heated, after the vulcanizing in step S3 is completed, the production method further includes: s4, taking the small-resistance backing plate out of the vulcanizing machine die, placing the backing plate into a pressure maintaining tool, naturally cooling the backing plate for 30 minutes under the pressure of 10MPa, and taking the backing plate out. Therefore, in the natural cooling process of the small-resistance backing plate, certain pressure is applied to the small-resistance backing plate, so that the small-resistance backing plate is kept flat, plate-type warping or deformation of the small-resistance backing plate is avoided, and the defective rate of a finished product is reduced.
The following describes the application in further detail with reference to examples, which are not intended to limit the application thereto.
Example 1
S1, polishing a surface to be bonded of an antifriction plate 1 (an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene plate with the molecular weight of more than 500 ten thousand, which is the same as the description below), and then blowing out the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1; and immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after immersing for 15min, then ultrasonically cleaning the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, and obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried, wherein the contact angle A between the active bonding surface and water is 11 degrees according to GB/T30693-2014.
S2, coating the active bonding surface with TKK adhesive, and then placing the antifriction plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine die in a preheating process in a mode that the active bonding surface faces upwards. The preheating process of the vulcanizing machine adopts the steps S23-S25 until the adhesive is dried, and the step S3 is carried out; wherein, the temperature rising speed in the step S23 is 1 ℃, and the preset temperature in the step S24 is 80 ℃.
S3, in the preheated vulcanizing machine mould, every 1m 2 5kg of natural rubber particles are filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and the antifriction plate 1, TKK adhesive and rubber materials are vulcanized integrally to prepare a small-resistance backing plate finished product. The vulcanization parameters are: vulcanizing temperature 100 ℃, pressure 15MPa and vulcanizing time 30min.
The bonding strength of the small-resistance pad finished product was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
S1, carrying out sand blasting treatment on a surface to be bonded of an antifriction plate 1 (polytetrafluoroethylene plate with molecular weight more than 500 ten thousand, the same applies below), and then blowing out the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1; and immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after immersing for 30min, then ultrasonically cleaning the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, and obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried, wherein the contact angle A between the active bonding surface and water is measured to be 5 degrees according to GB/T30693-2014.
S2, coating the active bonding surface with the Sibang 144 adhesive, and then placing the antifriction plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine die in a preheating process in a mode that the active bonding surface faces upwards. The preheating process of the vulcanizing machine adopts the steps S23-S25 until the adhesive is dried, and the step S3 is carried out; wherein, the temperature rising speed in the step S23 is 3 ℃, and the preset temperature in the step S24 is 120 ℃.
S3, in the preheated vulcanizing machine mould, every 1m 2 10kg of natural rubber particles are filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and the antifriction plate 1, the Sibang 144 adhesive and the rubber material are vulcanized integrally to prepare the low-resistance materialAnd (5) obtaining a backing plate finished product. The vulcanization parameters are: the vulcanization temperature is 150 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the vulcanization time is 10min.
The bonding strength of the small-resistance pad finished product was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 3
S1, carrying out sand blasting treatment on a surface to be bonded of an antifriction plate 1 (polytetrafluoroethylene plate with molecular weight more than 500 ten thousand, the same applies below), and then blowing out the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1; and immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after immersing for 25min, then ultrasonically cleaning the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, and obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried, wherein the contact angle A between the active bonding surface and water is 7 degrees according to GB/T30693-2014.
S2, coating the active bonding surface with the Di-Pu SC2000 adhesive, and then placing the antifriction plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine die in a preheating process in a way that the active bonding surface faces upwards. The preheating process of the vulcanizing machine adopts the steps S23-S25 until the adhesive is dried, and the step S3 is carried out; wherein, the temperature rising speed in the step S23 is 2 ℃, and the preset temperature in the step S24 is 110 ℃.
S3, in the preheated vulcanizing machine mould, every 1m 2 8kg of natural rubber particles are filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and the antifriction plate 1, the Diplop SC2000 adhesive and the rubber material are vulcanized integrally to prepare a small-resistance backing plate finished product. The vulcanization parameters are: vulcanizing temperature 170 ℃, pressure 20MPa and vulcanizing time 20min.
The bonding strength of the small-resistance pad finished product was detected, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The adhesive strength of the conventional stainless steel-rubber pad, which was commercially available, was measured for rail fasteners, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Based on example 3, the friction reducing plate 1 treated in step S1 of example 3 was directly used in the same manner as in example 3. The difference is that the conventional commercially available rubber backing plate (natural rubber material) is adopted, the Diplop SC2000 adhesive in the step S2 of the example 3 is utilized to brush the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, the coated active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 is glued with the rubber backing plate, and then the antifriction plate-rubber backing plate obtained after gluing is placed into a vulcanizing machine die for vulcanization, so that a small-resistance backing plate finished product is obtained. The vulcanization parameters of comparative example 2 are the same as those in step S3 of example 3.
The bonding strength of the small-resistance pad finished product was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
Based on example 3, the operations of steps S2, S3 are maintained substantially the same as example 3; in step S1, the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate 1 is subjected to no mechanical surface treatment process, but only a surface activation treatment process.
Namely, step S1 in comparative example 3 is: and directly immersing the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after immersing for 25min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 in water, and then taking out the antifriction plate 1, wherein the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 is an active bonding surface after drying. Meanwhile, the contact angle A of the active bonding surface with water in comparative example 3 was 19℃as measured in accordance with GB/T30693-2014.
The bonding strength of the small-resistance pad finished product was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 detection of bonding Strength of the relevant backing plates in examples 1-3, comparative examples 1-3
Adhesive strength, kN/m
Example 1 6.7
Example 2 6.1
Example 3 7.4
Comparative example 1 4.3
Comparative example 2 4.8
Comparative example 3 5.5
Wherein, the bonding strength detection process is carried out according to GB/T7760-2003, 90 DEG peeling method for measuring bonding strength of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber and hard plate.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the bonding strength of the low resistance mats obtained in examples 1-3 of the present application was significantly higher than that of the commercially available conventional stainless steel-rubber mats, and was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Further, by comparing examples 1 to 3 with comparative example 2, it can be seen that: according to the application, the surface-treated antifriction plate 1, the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the rubber material are integrally vulcanized and formed in a high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization environment, and compared with the prior art that the antifriction plate 1 and the rubber backing plate are vulcanized together after the surface-treated antifriction plate 1 and the rubber backing plate are glued, the application can fully utilize the vulcanization reaction activity of the rubber adhesive or rubber particles, so that the rubber particles and the rubber vulcanization adhesive, even the antifriction plate 1, can be fully vulcanized and crosslinked, the vulcanization crosslinking degree of molecular chains among all plate layers is further increased on the basis of the adhesive acting force, the adhesive strength in the finished product of the small-resistance backing plate is remarkably improved, and the application has statistical significance (p is less than 0.01).
In addition, by comparing examples 1-3 with comparative example 3, it can be seen that: compared with the method in comparative example 3 which only carries out the surface activation treatment on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by sequentially carrying out the mechanical surface treatment process and the surface activation treatment process on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1,
before surface activation treatment, the application firstly carries out mechanical surface treatment process on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1, roughens the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1, increases the microscopic surface area of the surface to be bonded, increases the contact area of the antifriction plate 1 and the adhesive, and the activation treatment area of the antifriction plate 1, is beneficial to enhancing the efficiency of the surface activation treatment, improves the surface activity of the active bonding surface, is beneficial to improving the bonding strength of the antifriction plate 1 and the adhesive, obviously improves the bonding strength in the finished product of the small-resistance backing plate, and has statistical significance (p is less than 0.01).
Further, the adhesive of the present application preferably uses a silane coupling agent and a rubber vulcanization adhesive, and examples 4 to 10 of the present application are continued based on example 3.
Example 4
This example is identical to example 3 except that in step S2, vinyl trimethoxy silane is first applied to the active bonding surface to form a silane coupling agent layer on the active bonding surface; and then coating a thepridop SC2000 adhesive on the silane coupling agent layer.
Example 5
This example corresponds to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane.
Example 6
This example corresponds to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is N- (. Beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
Example 7
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane, N- (. Beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyl triethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 2:1.
Example 8
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- (. Beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyl triethoxysilane, in a mass ratio of 1:1.
Example 9
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1:1.
Example 10
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, N- (. Beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyl triethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.
The bonding strength of the low resistance mats obtained in examples 4 to 10 was measured according to GB/T7760-2003 90℃peel method for determination of bonding strength of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber to hard sheet, and the results are shown in Table 2 (including the measurement results of example 3 for comparison analysis).
TABLE 2
Adhesive strength, kN/m
Example 3 7.4
Example 4 8.1
Example 5 7.9
Example 6 7.9
Example 7 8.2
Example 8 8.3
Example 9 8.5
Example 10 8.0
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the application makes the active bonding surface form a silane coupling agent layer by firstly coating the silane coupling agent on the active bonding surface, and then coats the rubber vulcanization adhesive on the silane coupling agent layer, so that the surface activity of the active bonding surface can be further improved by firstly grafting and crosslinking the active bonding surface with the silane coupling agent and the antifriction plate 1, and then coats the rubber vulcanization adhesive, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the bonding effect between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface and improving the bonding strength between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface. Meanwhile, the bonding strength of the final small-resistance backing plate finished product is improved, and the adhesive has statistical significance (p is less than 0.01).
In the case of temporarily unclear specific mechanism, the researchers of the application unexpectedly find that any two of vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane and N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane are mixed, compared with other embodiments, the bonding strength of the final small-resistance backing plate finished product is higher, and the data of the final small-resistance backing plate finished product has statistical significance (p is less than 0.05).
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the application.

Claims (9)

1. A method of producing a low drag backing plate, the method comprising:
s1, performing two-stage surface treatment on an antifriction plate (1) to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate (1);
s2, coating an adhesive on the active bonding surface to form an adhesive layer;
s3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side surface of the adhesive layer, which is far away from the antifriction plate (1), and integrally vulcanizing the antifriction plate (1), the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain a small-resistance backing plate;
the two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out;
after performing two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate (1) to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate (1), step S1 includes:
s11, resetting the count value to zero;
s12, detecting the hydrophilic performance of an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate (1), and detecting a contact angle A of the active bonding surface and water;
s13, judging whether A is smaller than a rated angle value; if yes, step S2 is carried out; if not, go to step S14;
s14, adding 1 to the count value, and judging whether the count value is larger than a preset value; if yes, taking the antifriction plate (1) as waste; if not, carrying out surface activation treatment on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate (1) again, and returning to the step S12;
after the step S3, the production method carries out a step S4; s4, taking out the small-resistance fastener backing plate from the vulcanizing machine die, placing the small-resistance fastener backing plate into a pressure maintaining tool, naturally cooling the small-resistance fastener backing plate for 30 minutes under the pressure of 10MPa, and taking out the small-resistance fastener backing plate;
the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21, painting the active bonding surface by using an adhesive to enable the active bonding surface to be fully contacted with the adhesive;
s22, placing the antifriction plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine die in a preheating process in a mode that an active bonding surface faces upwards;
s23, keeping the heating temperature in the preheating process of the vulcanizing machine at the temperature rising speed of 1-3 ℃ per minute, and detecting the temperature T in the mold of the vulcanizing machine in real time;
s24, judging whether T is greater than a preset temperature; if yes, go to step S25; if not, returning to the step S23;
s25, maintaining the current temperature of the vulcanizing machine die until the adhesive is dried, and performing a step S3;
the step S21 includes:
s211, coating a silane coupling agent on the active bonding surface so as to form a silane coupling agent layer on the active bonding surface;
s212, coating a rubber vulcanization adhesive on the silane coupling agent layer;
the silane coupling agent is any two of vinyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl triethoxy silane and N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl triethoxy silane.
2. The production method of the small-resistance backing plate according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical surface treatment process is to carry out polishing treatment or sand blasting treatment on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate (1) by using a polishing machine or a sand blaster, and then blow the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate (1) by using compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate (1); the surface activation treatment process comprises the steps of immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate (1) into sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate (1) after immersing for 15-30min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate (1) in water, and then taking out the antifriction plate (1), wherein the rough surface of the antifriction plate (1) is an active bonding surface after drying.
3. The method for producing the small-resistance backing plate according to claim 1, wherein the antifriction plate (1) is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate, the adhesive comprises an elastomer bonding adhesive, and the rubber material is natural rubber.
4. A method of producing a low drag backing plate as claimed in claim 3 wherein said elastomeric bonding adhesive is a rubber vulcanization adhesive.
5. The method for producing a small resistance pad according to claim 1, wherein the rated angle value is 30 ° -60 °, and the preset value is 2-4.
6. The method for producing a small resistance backing plate according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is performed in a vulcanizing machine, and 5 to 10kg/m of the surface area of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate (1) is filled in a mold of the vulcanizing machine 2 Is a natural rubber of (3).
7. The method for producing a small resistance backing plate according to claim 1, wherein in the vulcanization process of step S3, the vulcanization temperature is 100 ℃ to 170 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa to 20MPa, and the vulcanization time is 10min to 30min.
8. A small resistance mat, characterized in that it is produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The small-resistance backing plate according to claim 8, wherein the small-resistance backing plate comprises an antifriction plate (1) and a rubber layer (2), an adhesive vulcanization layer is arranged between the antifriction plate (1) and the rubber layer (2), one side of the antifriction plate (1) facing the rubber layer (2) is provided with an active bonding surface, one side surface of the adhesive vulcanization layer is connected with the active bonding surface, and the other side surface of the adhesive vulcanization layer is connected with the rubber layer (2) in a vulcanization mode.
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