CN113863065A - Low-resistance base plate and production method thereof - Google Patents

Low-resistance base plate and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113863065A
CN113863065A CN202111123063.2A CN202111123063A CN113863065A CN 113863065 A CN113863065 A CN 113863065A CN 202111123063 A CN202111123063 A CN 202111123063A CN 113863065 A CN113863065 A CN 113863065A
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plate
adhesive
friction reducing
low
resistance
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CN113863065B (en
Inventor
黄承
荆蓉
曾飞
赵玉
张文科
樊永欣
蔡斌
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Luoyang Sunrui Rubber and Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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Luoyang Sunrui Rubber and Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
    • E01B9/683—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material layered or composite
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a low-resistance base plate and a production method thereof, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate; s2, brushing an adhesive on the active adhesive surface to form an adhesive layer; s3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side surface of the adhesive layer away from the friction reducing plate, and integrally vulcanizing the friction reducing plate, the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain the low-resistance cushion plate; the two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out; according to the low-resistance base plate and the production method thereof, the friction reducing plate is subjected to two-stage surface treatment, and the friction reducing plate, the adhesive and the rubber material are integrally vulcanized, so that the bonding strength of the low-resistance base plate is enhanced, the vulcanization production process of the rubber plate and the bonding process of the friction reducing plate are combined into a whole, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Low-resistance base plate and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail fasteners, in particular to a low-resistance base plate and a production method thereof.
Background
At present, in the technical field of rail transit, when the temperature span of an area where a railway bridge is located is large, the longitudinal resistance of a steel rail provided by a rail fastener is required to be small for reducing the interaction force between a bridge structure and a long steel rail welded on the bridge. To meet this requirement, small resistance fasteners are often used in elevated track lines, which allow the rail to move when it is displaced within a certain range, thereby releasing the interaction between the bridge and the rail.
In the prior art, the longitudinal resistance of the fastener can be reduced by reducing the fastening pressure of the fastener and reducing the friction coefficient between the base plate and the steel rail. For bolted crimps, early techniques tended to use reduced crimping forces (i.e., reduced nut torque) to achieve less longitudinal resistance. However, this method has been phased out because the spring stroke of the crimping element is proportionally reduced while the crimping force is reduced, which greatly reduces the energy stored after the crimping element is tightened, thereby accelerating the loosening of the fastener. The current mainstream technology is to reduce the friction coefficient between the steel rail and the lower backing plate of the rail by adopting a low-resistance fastener backing plate, so as to reduce the sliding friction force between the steel rail and the lower backing plate of the rail.
Stainless steel-rubber composite backing plates are often adopted in the prior art, after the surface of stainless steel is rusted, the friction coefficient between the composite backing plates and the surface of a steel rail is rapidly increased, so that a low-resistance fastener loses a low-resistance function, even the stainless steel plate is adhered to the lower part of the steel rail, under the long-term action of dynamic load of a train, on one hand, degumming and peeling between the steel plate and rubber can be caused, the fleeed backing plates are crushed or layered, on the other hand, the longitudinal stretching resistance of the steel rail is increased, and the phenomenon of track irregularity is generated. This not only brings very big hidden danger for driving safety, often also needs frequent change backing plate, has increased the railway maintenance cost.
In addition, in order to overcome the problems of the stainless steel plate, a non-metal plate-elastic layer composite base plate is adopted in the prior art, the technology has certain advantages in the ageing resistance and the service life of the base plate, but the composite processing technology in the prior art is often simpler, the connection strength between the non-metal plate and the elastic layer is difficult to ensure, and the situation of separation between the non-metal plate and the elastic layer is easy to occur under the dynamic load environment of a train, so that the base plate is crushed or layered, and certain hidden danger is brought to the driving safety.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a low-resistance backing plate and a production method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the surface of the low-resistance fastener backing plate in the prior art is rusted, and an anti-friction layer and an elastic layer are easy to separate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for producing a low-resistance shim plate, comprising:
s1, carrying out two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate;
s2, brushing an adhesive on the active adhesive surface to form an adhesive layer;
s3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side surface of the adhesive layer away from the friction reducing plate, and integrally vulcanizing the friction reducing plate, the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain the low-resistance cushion plate;
the two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out.
Further, in the mechanical surface treatment process, a grinding machine or a sand blasting machine is used for grinding or sand blasting the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate, and then compressed air is used for blowing clean the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate to form a rough surface of the friction reducing plate; the surface activation treatment process comprises the steps of immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate after soaking for 15-30min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate in water, then taking out the antifriction plate, and obtaining the active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate is dried.
Further, the friction reducing plate is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate or an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene plate, the adhesive is an elastomer bonding adhesive, and the rubber material is natural rubber.
Preferably, the elastomer bonding adhesive is a rubber vulcanization adhesive.
Further, after the friction reducing plate is subjected to two-stage surface treatment to form an active adhesive surface of the friction reducing plate, step S1 includes:
s11, resetting the count value to zero;
s12, carrying out hydrophilic performance detection on the active bonding surface of the friction reducing plate, and detecting a contact angle A between the active bonding surface and water;
s13, judging whether A is smaller than the rated angle value; if yes, go to step S2; if not, go to step S14;
s14, adding 1 to the count value, and judging whether the count value is larger than a preset value; if so, taking the antifriction plate as a waste product; if not, the surface activation processing is performed again on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate, and then the process returns to step S12.
Further, the rated angle value is 30-60 degrees, and the preset value is 2-4 degrees.
Preferably, step S3 is performed in a vulcanizer, and the mold of the vulcanizer is filled with 5 to 10kg/m of the active adhesive surface of the antifriction plate as a reference2The natural rubber of (1).
Further, in the vulcanization process of the step S3, the vulcanization temperature is 100-170 ℃, the pressure is 10-20 MPa, and the vulcanization time is 10-30 min.
A low-resistance base plate and a production method of the low-resistance base plate are adopted.
Further, the low resistance backing plate includes antifriction board, rubber layer, the bonding vulcanization layer has between antifriction board, the rubber layer, the antifriction board has active surface of bonding towards one side on rubber layer, a side and the active surface of bonding vulcanization layer are connected, another side and the rubber layer vulcanization of bonding vulcanization layer are connected.
Compared with the prior art, the low-resistance base plate and the production method thereof have the following advantages:
according to the low-resistance base plate and the production method thereof, the two-stage surface treatment is carried out on the antifriction plate, so that the microscopic surface area of the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate is increased, the surface activity of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate is improved, the bonding effect of the antifriction plate and an adhesive is favorably improved, and the bonding strength of the low-resistance base plate is enhanced; meanwhile, the friction reducing plate, the adhesive and the rubber material are integrally vulcanized, so that the vulcanization reaction activity of rubber materials or rubber particles can be fully utilized, and the rubber particles and the adhesive and even the friction reducing plate can be fully vulcanized and crosslinked, so that on one hand, on the basis of the bonding acting force, the vulcanization crosslinking degree of molecular chains among all plate layers is further increased, and the bonding strength in the finished product of the low-resistance cushion plate is favorably improved; on the other hand, the vulcanization production process of the rubber plate is combined with the bonding process of the friction reducing plate into a whole, so that the production and processing steps of the rubber plate and the low-resistance base plate are simplified, the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a bottom view of a low resistance pad according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a friction reducing plate; 2. a rubber layer; 21. a shoulder structure; 22. and (4) protruding.
Detailed Description
The inventive concepts of the present disclosure will be described hereinafter using terms commonly employed by those skilled in the art to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. These inventive concepts may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In the existing low-resistance fastener base plate, in order to reduce the friction coefficient between a steel rail and a base plate under the rail and overcome the corrosion problem existing in a stainless steel plate-rubber composite base plate, a non-metal plate-elastic layer composite base plate is often adopted in the prior art, and the technology has certain advantages in solving the surface corrosion problem of the base plate in long-term use and has good performance of reducing sliding friction force; however, the composite processing technology in the prior art is often simple, the connection strength between the non-metal plate and the elastic layer is difficult to ensure, and the situation of separation between the non-metal plate and the elastic layer is easy to occur under the dynamic load environment of a train, so that the backing plate is crushed or layered, and certain hidden troubles are brought to the driving safety.
In addition, it should be noted that, for composite tie plates of different materials, according to the application requirements of the rail fastener, in view of the basis that the "low-resistance tie plate" in the present application is preferably a composite tie plate of a non-metal plate and rubber, the "bonding strength of the low-resistance tie plate" in the present application also mainly refers to the bonding strength between the non-metal plate and rubber. Meanwhile, in order to avoid ambiguity, the term "adhesive strength" in the present application is the same as "adhesive strength".
In order to solve the problems that the connection part of the backing plate of the small-resistance fastener in the prior art is corroded, and the antifriction layer and the elastic layer are easily separated, the embodiment provides the small-resistance backing plate and the production method thereof, in order to understand the production and processing technology, the application firstly introduces the structure of a finished product of the small-resistance backing plate:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the low-resistance cushion plate comprises a friction reducing plate 1 and a rubber layer 2, wherein an adhesive vulcanized layer (with extremely small thickness and not shown) is arranged between the friction reducing plate 1 and the rubber layer 2, one side of the friction reducing plate 1 facing the rubber layer 2 is provided with an active adhesive surface through two-stage surface treatment of the friction reducing plate 1, one side of the adhesive vulcanized layer is connected with the active adhesive surface, and the other side of the adhesive vulcanized layer is connected with the rubber layer 2 in a vulcanization mode.
Wherein, antifriction board 1 is polytetrafluoroethylene board or ultra high molecular weight polyethylene board on the market, can satisfy the size demand of track backing plate through the specific panel size of customization, does not give unnecessary details here. The material is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with the molecular weight of more than 500 ten thousand, so that on one hand, the friction reducing plate 1 is ensured to have enough mechanical strength to meet the rigidity requirement of the track base plate, on the other hand, the friction reducing plate 1 is favorable for ensuring to have good sliding friction coefficient, the sliding friction force between the steel rail and the base plate under the steel rail is reduced, and the resistance of longitudinal extension and retraction of the steel rail is favorably reduced.
The rubber layer 2 is different from the prior art in that the rubber layer 2 in the present application is not a plate structure before the production and processing of the low-resistance cushion plate, and the production and processing process is not simply to bond and vulcanize the friction reducing plate 1 and the rubber plate. The rubber layer 2 adopts conventional rubber sizing material or rubber grain before processing in this application, after being connected the active bonding face and the bonding vulcanize layer of antifriction board 1, places the vulcanizer mould in, evenly fills in the one side of keeping away from the active bonding face at the bonding vulcanize layer and spreads rubber sizing material or rubber grain, vulcanizes. Namely, the friction reducing plate 1, the adhesive vulcanized layer and the rubber layer 2 can be integrally vulcanized and molded. The processing mode is favorable for fully utilizing the vulcanization reaction activity of rubber sizing materials or rubber particles, so that the rubber particles and the adhesive vulcanization layer and even the antifriction plate 1 can be fully vulcanized and crosslinked, on one hand, on the basis of the adhesion acting force, the vulcanization crosslinking degree of molecular chains among all plate layers is further increased, and the adhesion strength in the finished product of the low-resistance cushion plate is favorably improved; on the other hand, the vulcanization production process of the rubber plate and the bonding process of the friction reducing plate 1 are combined into a whole, so that the production and processing steps of the rubber plate and the low-resistance base plate are simplified, the production process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
In view of the application of integrally vulcanizing and molding by utilizing the characteristics of rubber compound or rubber particles, the friction reducing plate 1 may be a flat plate; however, in order to further enhance the structural connection between the friction reducing plate 1 and the rubber layer 2, the side of the friction reducing plate 1 facing the rubber layer 2 may not be a plane structure, but a embedded structure is pre-arranged on the side, and then the corresponding surface treatment, integral vulcanization and other production processes are performed.
The embedded connection structure can be a structure extending from the antifriction plate 1 to the inside of the rubber layer 2, and during the integral vulcanization process, rubber particles can flow and wrap the embedded connection structure under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, such as: the side surface of the friction reducing plate 1 facing the rubber layer 2 is provided with a nail column, an embedded ring or an embedded plate; in this case, the friction reducing plate 1 is fitted into the rubber layer 2 by a fitting structure, and the fitting structure may be a solid body or may have a porous structure. When the embedded structure is a solid body, the rubber material can wrap the solid body; when the embedded connection structure has a hole structure, the rubber material can wrap the embedded connection structure and enter the hole structure, so that the structural connection firmness between the friction reducing plate 1 and the rubber layer 2 is further enhanced.
In addition, the embedded connection structure may be a groove structure and/or a hole structure which is formed on one side surface of the friction reducing plate 1 facing the rubber layer 2, and in the integral vulcanization process, rubber particles flow under a high-temperature and high-pressure environment and enter the groove structure and/or the hole structure, namely, in the finally processed and formed cushion plate, the rubber material of the rubber layer 2 is embedded into the friction reducing plate 1, specifically, the embedded connection structure of the friction reducing plate 1.
Similarly, the processing mode in the present application also makes the appearance structure of the rubber layer 2 completely determined by the antifriction plate 1 and the mold of the vulcanizing machine. In order to meet the use requirement in the rail fastener, preferably, the side, away from the friction reducing plate 1, of the processed and molded rubber layer 2 is marked as an assembly surface of the rubber layer 2, the assembly surface of the rubber layer 2 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 22 for meeting the requirement on elasticity (rigidity) of a base plate in the rail fastener, the protrusions 22 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a cube, a cuboid, an irregular cylinder and the like, and the plurality of protrusions 22 can be distributed in a vertically and horizontally aligned manner or in a staggered manner; the outer edge of the assembly surface is provided with a shoulder structure 21, and the small-resistance backing plate is assembled and positioned with the corresponding assembly through the shoulder structure 21, for example, the small-resistance backing plate is buckled with the heavy rail groove through the shoulder structure 21. Preferably, the shoulder structures 21 can be regarded as protruding structures respectively arranged at two side edges of the assembly surface, and the extending directions of the protruding structures are parallel to the direction of the steel rail; for any protruding structure, it can be a complete protruding strip, or it can be formed by arranging a plurality of protruding blocks at intervals. Of course, the shoulder structures 21 may also be provided in advance on the antifriction plate 1; that is, in the present application, the friction reducing plate 1 is provided with the shoulder structure 21, and/or the rubber layer 2 is provided with the shoulder structure 21, as long as the finally formed low-resistance cushion plate integrally has the corresponding shoulder structure 21, so as to meet the assembly of the rail component.
With respect to the structure of the finished product of the above-described low-resistance shim plate, a production method of the low-resistance shim plate for producing the above-described finished product of the low-resistance shim plate will be described next. The production method comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate 1 to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1;
s2, brushing an adhesive on the active adhesive surface to form an adhesive layer;
and S3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side surface of the adhesive layer away from the antifriction plate 1, and integrally vulcanizing the antifriction plate 1, the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain the low-resistance base plate.
Through the adhesive action of the adhesive and the integral vulcanization process, the connection condition between the friction reducing plate 1 and the rubber material not only comprises an adhesive structure between interfaces, but also comprises a vulcanization structure between molecules, and for convenience of description, the adhesive structure and the vulcanization structure between the friction reducing plate 1 and the rubber layer 2 are integrated and are collectively called as an adhesive vulcanization layer; on a microscopic level, the adhesive vulcanizate includes not only the adhesive but also the chemical bond structure between the adhesive and the friction reducing plate 1 and between the adhesive and the rubber layer 2.
Next, each step in the process is explained one by one:
in step S1, the antifriction plates 1 are commercially available polytetrafluoroethylene plates or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plates having a molecular weight of 500 ten thousand or more, and are the same as those described above and will not be described again. The two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out.
The mechanical surface treatment process is to utilize a conventional grinding machine or a sand blasting machine to carry out grinding treatment or sand blasting treatment on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1, and then, compressed air is used to blow the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 clean, so that a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is formed. In the application and the specific embodiment, no matter the grinding treatment or the sand blasting treatment is adopted, the mechanical surface treatment process is carried out according to the requirement of 30-60 meshes, the grinding mesh number of the grinding machine is required to be 30-60 meshes, or the sand blasting mesh number of the sand blasting machine is required to be 30-60 meshes; in view of the prior art, the detailed related devices, and the grinding operation or the blasting operation are not described herein.
The surface activation treatment process comprises the steps of immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after soaking for 15-30min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, and obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried.
In the present application and in the specific examples, the sodium naphthalene solution comprises the following components: taking 1L tetrahydrofuran as a reference, 80g of refined naphthalene and 30g of sodium, and preparing the refined naphthalene and the sodium by a conventional preparation method, wherein the preparation of the sodium naphthalene solution is prior art and is not repeated herein.
Firstly, the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 is roughened through a mechanical surface treatment process, the microscopic surface area of the surface to be bonded is increased, the contact area of the antifriction plate 1 and an adhesive and the activation treatment area of the antifriction plate 1 are increased, the surface activation treatment efficiency is enhanced, the surface activity of the active bonding surface is improved, and the bonding strength of the antifriction plate 1 and the adhesive is improved. Then, activating the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 by using a sodium naphthalene solution, so that on one hand, molecular bonds on the surface layer of the rough surface can be destroyed, further defects are generated on the surface of the rough surface in a microscopic degree, a microscopic concave-convex surface is formed, and the microscopic surface area of a surface to be bonded can be further increased; on the other hand, in the process of destroying the molecular bonds on the surface layer of the rough surface by the activation treatment, the breakage of a certain part of chemical bonds also enables the surface of the rough surface to be changed from a relatively inert stable state to a relatively active state, particularly, after the polytetrafluoroethylene plate is subjected to the sodium naphthalene solution treatment, a large amount of fluorine atoms on the surface layer of the rough surface are removed, the activity of the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate is further enhanced, the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate 1 is changed from a hydrophobic state before the two-stage surface treatment to a hydrophilic state after the two-stage surface treatment, the adhesive can be completely attached to the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate 1, the improvement of the bonding effect of the friction reducing plate 1 and the adhesive is facilitated, and the bonding strength between the friction reducing plate 1 and the adhesive is enhanced.
Before performing step S2, step S1 further includes:
s11, carrying out two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate 1 to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and returning the counting value to zero;
s12, carrying out hydrophilic performance detection on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and detecting a contact angle A between the active bonding surface and water;
s13, judging whether A is smaller than the rated angle value; if yes, go to step S2; if not, go to step S14;
s14, adding 1 to the count value, and judging whether the count value is larger than a preset value; if so, taking the friction reducing plate 1 as a waste product; if not, the surface activation processing is performed again on the active bonding surface of the friction reducing plate 1, and then the process returns to step S12.
The two-stage surface treatment process in step S11 and the surface activation treatment process in step S14 are the same as the corresponding contents described above, and are not described in detail. In step S12, the hydrophilic performance is detected by detecting the contact angle A between the active bonding surface and water according to the detection method in GB/T30693-2014 measurement of contact angle between plastic film and water. In steps S13 and S14, the nominal angle value and the preset value are preset values set according to actual production requirements and product quality requirements, the range of the nominal angle value may be 30 ° to 60 °, and the range of the preset value is 2 to 4. Preferably, the nominal angle value is 45 ° and the preset value is 3.
Therefore, after the friction reducing plate 1 is subjected to surface treatment, the hydrophilic performance of the active bonding surface is detected and judged, and the step S2 is performed after the requirement on the hydrophilic performance is met, so that the finished product rate of the adhesive coated in the step S2 is guaranteed, the performance consistency of the final finished product is guaranteed, and the defective rate in the whole production method is reduced; meanwhile, when the requirement on the hydrophilic performance is not met, the surface activation treatment process is carried out on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 again, so that on one hand, the surface activity of the active bonding surface can be further improved, and on the other hand, the rejection rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the production loss can be reduced; in addition, through counting the number of times of failing that same antifriction plate 1 hydrophilic performance detected, when the number of times of failing in succession exceeds the standard, directly regard this antifriction plate 1 as the waste product, satisfy the requirement of guarantee production efficiency on the one hand, on the other hand can retrieve, research the waste product to optimize subsequent raw materials quality, and carry out research improvement to production method.
In step S2, the method includes:
s21, brushing the active bonding surface by using a bonding agent to ensure that the active bonding surface is fully contacted with the bonding agent;
the adhesive comprises an elastomer bonding adhesive, and the elastomer bonding adhesive is preferably a commercially available rubber vulcanization adhesive, such as a commercially available rubber vulcanization adhesive, for example, a lexan adhesive, a TKK adhesive, a tprotorpu SC2000 adhesive, a sibo 144 adhesive, a Qingdao sealing industry FZ-1 adhesive, and the like.
S22, the friction reducing plate 1 is placed in the vulcanizer mold in the preheating process with the reactive bonding surface facing upward.
The vulcanizer is a vulcanizing device commonly used in the field of rubber vulcanization processing, such as a conventional 200T vulcanizer.
S23, keeping the heating and temperature rise in the preheating process of the vulcanizing machine at the temperature rise speed of 1-3 ℃ per minute, and detecting the temperature T in the vulcanizing machine mold in real time;
for the detection of the mold temperature of the vulcanizing machine, the conventional parameter detection technology in conventional vulcanizing machine equipment can acquire data in real time by setting a corresponding temperature detection device, which is not described herein again.
S24, judging whether T is larger than a preset temperature or not; if yes, go to step S25; if not, returning to the step S23;
the preset temperature is a preset value set according to actual production requirements and equipment performance, and the value range of the preset temperature can be 80-120 ℃, and is preferably 110 ℃.
S25, the current temperature of the vulcanizer mold is maintained until the binder is dried, and the process proceeds to step S3.
The operations of steps S21-S25 may be manually controlled by a technician or may be automatically controlled by a conventional electric control technique. Through steps S21-S25, the vulcanizing machine preheating process and the drying process of the adhesive are carried out simultaneously, compared with natural air drying of the adhesive, on one hand, drying of the adhesive is accelerated, production efficiency is improved, on the other hand, in the vulcanizing machine preheating process, the inside of a mold is in a relative high-temperature environment, chemical bond activity between an active bonding surface and the adhesive is improved, the bonding effect between the adhesive and the active bonding surface is favorably enhanced, and the bonding strength between the adhesive and the active bonding surface is improved.
In step S21, the rubber vulcanization adhesive can be directly coated on the active bonding surface; in addition, the application provides a more preferable scheme, on the basis of the rubber vulcanization adhesive, the adhesive also comprises a silane coupling agent, and the silane coupling agent is preferably at least one of vinyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl triethoxy silane and N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl triethoxy silane.
Accordingly, step S21 includes:
s211, coating a silane coupling agent on the active bonding surface to form a silane coupling agent layer on the active bonding surface;
s212, coating the rubber vulcanization adhesive on the silane coupling agent layer.
Therefore, the silane coupling agent and the antifriction plate 1 are firstly utilized to be grafted and crosslinked on the active bonding surface, the surface activity of the active bonding surface can be further improved, and then the rubber vulcanization adhesive is coated, so that the bonding effect between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface is favorably enhanced, the bonding strength between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface is improved, and the bonding strength between the antifriction plate 1 and the rubber layer 2 in the final low-resistance base plate finished product is favorably ensured.
In step S3, the rubber material is natural rubber, preferably commercially available natural rubber particles, such as commercially available natural rubber like smoked sheet, raw rubber sheet, crepe rubber. Step S3 is carried out in the preheated vulcanizer die, and 5-10 kg/m is filled in the die by taking the unit area of the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 as the reference2Of natural rubber, i.e. per 1m25-10 kg of natural rubber is filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1. It should be noted that the area of the active bonding surface of the friction reducing plate 1 is the area of the plate in the conventional sense, for example, the area of a conventional square plate, which can be calculated by multiplying the length by the width.
In the vulcanization process, the vulcanizing machine works according to the vulcanization parameters of the vulcanization temperature of 100-170 ℃, the pressure of 10-20 MPa and the vulcanization time of 10-30 min.
Then, in consideration of the warpage and deformation of the polymer material that may occur after being heated, after the step S3 is completed, the production method further includes: and S4, taking out the low-resistance base plate from the vulcanizing machine die, placing the low-resistance base plate into a pressure maintaining tool, and taking out the low-resistance base plate after natural cooling for 30 minutes under the pressure of 10 MPa. Therefore, certain pressure is applied to the small-resistance backing plate in the natural cooling process of the small-resistance backing plate, so that the small-resistance backing plate is kept smooth, the plate shape is prevented from warping or deforming, and the defective rate of finished products is reduced.
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
S1, polishing the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 (an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate with the molecular weight more than 500 ten thousand, the same below), and then blowing the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 clean by compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1; and then immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after soaking for 15min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried, and then measuring the contact angle A of the active bonding surface and water to be 11 degrees according to GB/T30693-2014.
S2, brushing the active bonding surface by using the TKK adhesive, and then placing the friction reducing plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine mold in a preheating process in a mode that the active bonding surface faces upwards. The preheating process of the vulcanizing machine adopts the steps S23-S25 until the adhesive is dried, and the step S3 is carried out; wherein the temperature rising rate of the step S23 is 1 ℃, and the preset temperature of the step S24 is 80 ℃.
S3, in the preheated vulcanizer die, every 1m2And 5kg of natural rubber particles are filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and the antifriction plate 1, the TKK adhesive and the rubber material are integrally vulcanized to prepare a finished product of the low-resistance base plate. The vulcanization parameters are as follows: the vulcanization temperature is 100 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, and the vulcanization time is 30 min.
The bonding strength of the finished product of the low-resistance shim plate was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
S1, performing sand blasting treatment on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 (a polytetrafluoroethylene plate with the molecular weight larger than 500 ten thousand, the same below), and then blowing clean the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by using compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1; and then immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after soaking for 30min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried, and then measuring the contact angle A of the active bonding surface and water to be 5 degrees according to GB/T30693-2014.
S2, brushing the active bonding surface by using the Sibang 144 adhesive, and then placing the friction reducing plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine mold in a preheating process in a mode that the active bonding surface faces upwards. The preheating process of the vulcanizing machine adopts the steps S23-S25 until the adhesive is dried, and the step S3 is carried out; wherein the temperature rising rate of the step S23 is 3 ℃, and the preset temperature of the step S24 is 120 ℃.
S3, in the preheated vulcanizer die, every 1m210kg of natural rubber particles are filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and the antifriction plate 1, the Xibang 144 adhesive and the rubber material are integrally vulcanized to prepare a finished product of the low-resistance cushion plate. The vulcanization parameters are as follows: the vulcanization temperature is 150 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, and the vulcanization time is 10 min.
The bonding strength of the finished product of the low-resistance shim plate was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 3
S1, performing sand blasting treatment on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 (a polytetrafluoroethylene plate with the molecular weight larger than 500 ten thousand, the same below), and then blowing clean the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 by using compressed air to form a rough surface of the antifriction plate 1; and then immersing the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after soaking for 25min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the antifriction plate 1 is dried, and then measuring the contact angle A of the active bonding surface and water to be 7 degrees according to GB/T30693-2014.
S2, brushing the active bonding surface by utilizing the Tipperpol SC2000 adhesive, and then placing the friction reducing plate 1 into a vulcanizing machine mold in a preheating process in a mode that the active bonding surface faces upwards. The preheating process of the vulcanizing machine adopts the steps S23-S25 until the adhesive is dried, and the step S3 is carried out; wherein the temperature rising rate of the step S23 is 2 ℃, and the preset temperature of the step S24 is 110 ℃.
S3, in the preheated vulcanizer die, every 1m28kg of natural rubber particles are filled on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, and the antifriction plate 1, the Tilpotupu SC2000 adhesive and the rubber material are integrally vulcanized to prepare a finished product of the low-resistance base plate. The vulcanization parameters are as follows: the vulcanization temperature is 170 ℃, the pressure is 20MPa, and the vulcanization time is 20 min.
The bonding strength of the finished product of the low-resistance backing plate was measured and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The adhesive strength test was carried out on a commercially available conventional stainless steel-rubber backing plate applied to a rail fastener, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
An antifriction plate 1 treated in step S1 of example 3 was used as it is in the same manner as in example 3, based on example 3. Except that a commercially available conventional rubber pad (made of natural rubber) is used, the thiotepa SC2000 adhesive in step S2 of example 3 is used to brush the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1, the brushed active bonding surface of the antifriction plate 1 is bonded to the rubber pad, and then the bonded antifriction plate-rubber pad is placed in a vulcanizing machine mold for vulcanization to obtain a finished product of the low-resistance pad. The vulcanization parameters of comparative example 2 were the same as those in step S3 of example 3.
The bonding strength of the finished product of the low-resistance shim plate was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
Based on embodiment 3, basically the same as embodiment 3, the operations of steps S2, S3 are maintained; in contrast, in step S1, the mechanical surface treatment process is not performed on the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate 1, and only the surface activation treatment process is performed.
That is, step S1 in comparative example 3 is: directly immersing the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the antifriction plate 1 after soaking for 25min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 in water, then taking out the antifriction plate 1, and drying the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 to obtain an active bonding surface. Meanwhile, the contact angle A of the active bonding surface and the water in the comparative example 3 is measured to be 19 degrees according to GB/T30693-.
The bonding strength of the finished product of the low-resistance shim plate was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 examination of the adhesive strength of the respective mats of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Adhesive strength, kN/m
Example 1 6.7
Example 2 6.1
Example 3 7.4
Comparative example 1 4.3
Comparative example 2 4.8
Comparative example 3 5.5
Among them, the adhesion strength was measured in accordance with GB/T7760-2003 "90 ℃ peel method for measuring adhesion strength between vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber and hard sheet".
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the bonding strength of the low-resistance gaskets obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present application is significantly higher than that of the commercially available conventional stainless steel-rubber gasket, and has a statistical significance (p < 0.01). Furthermore, by comparing examples 1-3 with comparative example 2, it can be seen that: this application is through under the high-temperature high-pressure vulcanization environment, antifriction board 1 after with surface treatment, rubber vulcanization gluing agent, rubber material integrated into one piece vulcanization shaping, this with antifriction board 1 after with surface treatment after sticky with the rubber backing plate, compare this prior art with antifriction board 1 and rubber backing plate common vulcanization again, this application can make full use of rubber sizing material or the vulcanization reaction activity of rubber grain, make rubber grain and rubber vulcanization gluing agent, and even with antifriction board 1 between can both fully vulcanize the cross-linking, on the basis of bonding effort, the vulcanization crosslinking degree of molecular chain between each sheet layer has further been increased, the bonding strength in making the minor drag backing plate finished product has been improved remarkably, and has statistical significance (p < 0.01).
In addition, by comparing examples 1-3 with comparative example 3, it can be seen that: compared with the method of only carrying out surface activation treatment on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 in the comparative example 3, the method of the application carries out mechanical surface treatment process and surface activation treatment process on the surface to be bonded of the antifriction plate 1 in sequence,
this application is before carrying out surface activation and handling, at first carry out mechanical surface treatment process through the face of waiting to bond to antifriction board 1, the face of waiting to bond that will antifriction board 1 is roughened, the microcosmic surface area of waiting to bond the face has been increased, the area of contact of antifriction board 1 with the adhesive has not only been increased, and the activation treatment area of antifriction board 1, and be favorable to strengthening surface activation's efficiency, improve the surface activity of active bonding face, be favorable to improving the bonding strength of antifriction board 1 with the adhesive, also obviously improved the bonding strength in making the small resistance backing plate finished product simultaneously, and have statistical significance (p < 0.01).
Further, the adhesive of the present application preferably uses a silane coupling agent and a rubber vulcanization adhesive, and examples 4 to 10 of the present application are continued based on example 3.
Example 4
This example is the same as example 3, except that in step S2, vinyltrimethoxysilane was applied to the active adhesive surface to form a silane coupling agent layer on the active adhesive surface; and then coating the silane coupling agent layer with a Tipperpol SC2000 adhesive.
Example 5
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane.
Example 6
This example is consistent with example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is N- (. beta. -aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
Example 7
This example was identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent was vinyltriethoxysilane and N- (. beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyltriethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 2: 1.
Example 8
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- (. beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 9
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 10
This example is identical to example 4, except that the silane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, N- (. beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyltriethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
The bonding strength of the small resistance shim plates obtained in examples 4 to 10 was measured according to GB/T7760-2003 "90 ℃ peel method for measuring the bonding strength between vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber and hard plate", and the results are shown in Table 2 (including the test results of example 3 for comparative analysis).
TABLE 2
Adhesive strength, kN/m
Example 3 7.4
Example 4 8.1
Example 5 7.9
Example 6 7.9
Example 7 8.2
Example 8 8.3
Example 9 8.5
Example 10 8.0
As can be seen from the data in table 2, according to the invention, the silane coupling agent is coated on the active bonding surface to form the silane coupling agent layer on the active bonding surface, and then the rubber vulcanization adhesive is coated on the silane coupling agent layer, so that the silane coupling agent is firstly used for grafting and crosslinking with the friction reducing plate 1 on the active bonding surface, the surface activity of the active bonding surface can be further improved, and then the rubber vulcanization adhesive is coated, which is beneficial to enhancing the bonding effect between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface and improving the bonding strength between the rubber vulcanization adhesive and the active bonding surface. Meanwhile, the bonding strength of the final low-resistance base plate finished product is improved, and the statistical significance is achieved (p is less than 0.01).
In the case where the specific mechanism is not temporarily clear, the present inventors have unexpectedly found through a large number of experimental procedures that any two of vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and N- (β -aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane are mixed to obtain a final product with higher adhesive strength and statistically significant data (p < 0.05) compared to other embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A method for producing a low-resistance shim plate, the method comprising:
s1, carrying out two-stage surface treatment on the antifriction plate (1) to form an active bonding surface of the antifriction plate (1);
s2, brushing an adhesive on the active adhesive surface to form an adhesive layer;
s3, after the adhesive is dried, placing a rubber material on one side of the adhesive layer away from the friction reducing plate (1), and integrally vulcanizing the friction reducing plate (1), the adhesive and the rubber material to obtain the low-resistance cushion plate;
the two-stage surface treatment process comprises a mechanical surface treatment process and a surface activation treatment process which are sequentially carried out.
2. The production method of the low-resistance base plate is characterized in that the mechanical surface treatment process is to polish or blast the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate (1) by using a polisher or a sandblaster, and then blow the surface to be bonded of the friction reducing plate (1) by using compressed air to form a rough surface of the friction reducing plate (1); the surface activation treatment process comprises the steps of immersing the rough surface of the friction reducing plate (1) into a sodium naphthalene solution for activation treatment, taking out the friction reducing plate (1) after soaking for 15-30min, then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the rough surface of the friction reducing plate (1) in water, then taking out the friction reducing plate (1), and obtaining an active bonding surface after the rough surface of the friction reducing plate (1) is dried.
3. The production method of the low-resistance base plate according to claim 1, wherein the friction reducing plate (1) is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate, the adhesive comprises an elastomer bonding adhesive, and the rubber material is natural rubber.
4. The method for producing the low-resistance base plate according to claim 3, wherein the elastomer bonding adhesive is a rubber vulcanization adhesive.
5. The method for producing a low resistance pallet according to claim 1, wherein after the friction reducing plate (1) is subjected to two-stage surface treatment to form the active bonding surface of the friction reducing plate (1), step S1 comprises:
s11, resetting the count value to zero;
s12, carrying out hydrophilic performance detection on the active bonding surface of the friction reducing plate (1), and detecting a contact angle A between the active bonding surface and water;
s13, judging whether A is smaller than the rated angle value; if yes, go to step S2; if not, go to step S14;
s14, adding 1 to the count value, and judging whether the count value is larger than a preset value; if yes, the friction reducing plate (1) is used as a waste product; if not, the surface activation processing is performed again on the active bonding surface of the antifriction plate (1), and then the process returns to step S12.
6. A method for producing a low-resistance shim plate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the nominal angle value is 30 ° to 60 ° and the predetermined value is 2 to 4.
7. The method for producing a low-resistance underlay as recited in claim 1, wherein step S3 is carried out in a vulcanizing machine, wherein a mold of the vulcanizing machine is filled with 5-10 kg/m based on the unit area of the active bonding surface of the friction reducing sheet (1)2The natural rubber of (1).
8. The method for producing a low-resistance shim plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the vulcanization process of step S3, the vulcanization temperature is 100 ℃ to 170 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa to 20MPa, and the vulcanization time is 10min to 30 min.
9. A low-resistance pallet, characterized in that the low-resistance pallet is produced by the method for producing a low-resistance pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The low-resistance cushion plate according to claim 9, wherein the low-resistance cushion plate comprises a friction reducing plate (1) and a rubber layer (2), an adhesive vulcanized layer is arranged between the friction reducing plate (1) and the rubber layer (2), one side of the friction reducing plate (1) facing the rubber layer (2) is provided with an active adhesive surface, one side of the adhesive vulcanized layer is connected with the active adhesive surface, and the other side of the adhesive vulcanized layer is connected with the rubber layer (2) in a vulcanization mode.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2051187A (en) * 1979-06-13 1981-01-14 Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd Composite Rail Pad
CN201439580U (en) * 2009-02-04 2010-04-21 中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 Steel rail small-resistant fastener base plate
CN202017169U (en) * 2010-11-05 2011-10-26 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 Combined pad used in small resistance fasteners
CN103192569A (en) * 2013-04-20 2013-07-10 青岛中科昊泰新材料科技有限公司 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite board
CN105885752A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-24 王兆华 Preparation method of bondable polyfluortetraethylene plate anti-corrosion lining
CN206299728U (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-07-04 山东红光橡胶科技有限公司 A kind of integral type vulcanized rubber air spring

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2051187A (en) * 1979-06-13 1981-01-14 Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd Composite Rail Pad
CN201439580U (en) * 2009-02-04 2010-04-21 中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 Steel rail small-resistant fastener base plate
CN202017169U (en) * 2010-11-05 2011-10-26 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 Combined pad used in small resistance fasteners
CN103192569A (en) * 2013-04-20 2013-07-10 青岛中科昊泰新材料科技有限公司 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite board
CN105885752A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-24 王兆华 Preparation method of bondable polyfluortetraethylene plate anti-corrosion lining
CN206299728U (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-07-04 山东红光橡胶科技有限公司 A kind of integral type vulcanized rubber air spring

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