CN113862008A - Municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device and method by coupling biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption - Google Patents

Municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device and method by coupling biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption Download PDF

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CN113862008A
CN113862008A CN202111190856.6A CN202111190856A CN113862008A CN 113862008 A CN113862008 A CN 113862008A CN 202111190856 A CN202111190856 A CN 202111190856A CN 113862008 A CN113862008 A CN 113862008A
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pyrolysis
biomass
rotary kiln
biochar
phase absorption
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CN113862008B (en
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杨海平
陈培骜
陈应泉
陈汉平
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/02—Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing

Abstract

The invention provides a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption, which comprises: a raw material pretreatment mechanism for mixing the municipal sludge with the biomass to form a granular raw material; the first-stage pyrolysis rotary kiln is used for pyrolyzing the granular raw materials to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, and the protein and the saccharides in the granular raw materials undergo a Maillard reaction to inhibit the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis gas; a biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln for pyrolyzing biomass to form biomass pyrolytic carbon; and the secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace receives the pyrolysis gas and the biomass pyrolysis carbon so that nitrogen-containing volatile matters in the pyrolysis gas are absorbed by oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass pyrolysis carbon in a solid phase mode. The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the mixed pyrolysis of sludge and biomass and the high-temperature solid-phase absorption of biochar, the release of nitrogenous volatile matters in the pyrolysis process of municipal sludge can be reduced, and the product is utilized, thereby being beneficial to the treatment and the environmental protection of the municipal sludge.

Description

Municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device and method by coupling biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of municipal sludge treatment, in particular to a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device and method based on coupled biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption.
Background
Municipal sludge mainly contains water, protein, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, detergents, phenols and ash, and harmful substances such as pathogens, heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins. The annual total yield of municipal sludge in China reaches 6000 to 9000 ten thousand tons in 2020, the sludge treatment rate in China is less than 60 percent, and the harmless treatment rate is lower than 20 percent. The pyrolysis technology can utilize the energy source of municipal sludge and stabilize the pollutant components, but the nitrogen content of the municipal sludge is higher than 3 wt.% (daf), and a large amount of NO is generated in the pyrolysis processxThe precursor and other nitrogen-containing gases cause environmental pollution and damage.
In the aspect of sludge pyrolysis treatment, patent CN104312600A discloses a sludge pyrolysis gasification treatment process and a sludge pyrolysis gasification treatment system, which control the temperature and oxygen inlet amount of a multi-stage furnace to fully pyrolyze sludge, but do not treat a large amount of nitrogen-containing gas generated by sludge pyrolysis, so that the utilization process of the pyrolysis gas is polluted. Patent CN108911457A discloses an indirect heat transfer type sludge pyrolysis carbonization device and a sludge pyrolysis carbonization system, which have a tail gas treatment device, but cannot effectively remove a large amount of nitrogen-containing volatile components, and can generate a waste treatment liquid. Patent CN106433713A proposes a method for pyrolyzing sludge by adding biomass, which promotes pyrolysis of sludge and improves the utility value of the product, but does not relate to nitrogen injection discharge.
In conclusion, the existing sludge pyrolysis device is lack of control and fixation of nitrogen-containing volatile components generated by municipal sludge pyrolysis, so that the content of nitrogen in pyrolysis gas is too high, and the application of the pyrolysis technology to municipal sludge treatment is hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the problems that the existing municipal sludge is difficult to perform innocent treatment, nitrogen pollution volatile components are released in the municipal sludge pyrolysis process, nitrogen emission is reduced, and nitrogen elements in the sludge are reasonably utilized, the embodiment of the invention provides a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device and method coupled with high-temperature solid phase absorption of biochar.
The embodiment of the invention provides a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption, which comprises:
a raw material pretreatment mechanism for mixing the municipal sludge with the biomass to form a granular raw material;
the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln is connected with the raw material pretreatment mechanism and is used for receiving the granular raw materials and pyrolyzing the granular raw materials to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, and the proteins and saccharides in the granular raw materials undergo Maillard reaction to inhibit the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis gas;
a biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln for pyrolyzing biomass to form biomass pyrolytic carbon;
and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace is respectively connected with the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln and the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and is used for receiving the pyrolysis gas and the biomass pyrolysis carbon so as to enable nitrogen-containing volatile matters in the pyrolysis gas to be absorbed by oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass pyrolysis carbon in a solid-phase manner.
Furthermore, the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a first carrier gas inlet, and the first carrier gas inlet is used for introducing inert gas into the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln so as to keep the interior of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln in an inert atmosphere.
Further, the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a second carrier gas inlet, and the second carrier gas inlet is used for introducing inert gas into the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln so as to keep the interior of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln in an inert atmosphere.
The biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace are connected through a low-pressure combustion furnace, and the low-pressure combustion furnace is provided with a circulating water pipeline which penetrates through the low-pressure combustion furnace and is used for preheating granular raw materials and biomass.
Further, raw materials pretreatment mechanism is including the first hopper, stirring storehouse, first storage silo, double helix feeding machine, briquetting machine and the material loading belt feeder that connect gradually, material loading belt feeder output is connected the one-level pyrolysis rotary kiln.
Further, the feed end of the first-stage pyrolysis rotary kiln is sequentially connected with a second storage bin, a first gas locking feeder and a second hopper, the discharge end of the first-stage pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a first pyrolysis gas outlet and a first discharge port, and the first pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the second-stage biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline.
Further, the feed end of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln is sequentially connected with a third storage bin, a second gas locking feeder and a third hopper, the discharge end of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a second pyrolysis gas outlet and a second discharge port, and the second discharge port is connected with the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline.
Further, the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln, the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace are all electrically heated.
In addition, based on the municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device based on the coupled biochar high-temperature solid-phase absorption, the embodiment of the invention also provides a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation method based on the coupled biochar high-temperature solid-phase absorption, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a mixed raw material of municipal sludge and biomass in a set mass ratio into the raw material pretreatment mechanism, and stirring, mixing and compressing to form a granular raw material;
s2, inputting the granular raw materials into the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln, pyrolyzing at 500 ℃ to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, and performing Maillard reaction on protein and saccharides in the granular raw materials to increase the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis carbon and inhibit the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis gas;
s3, putting biomass into the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln, and pyrolyzing the biomass to form biomass pyrolytic carbon;
and S4, inputting the pyrolysis gas and the biomass pyrolysis carbon into a secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace, and absorbing nitrogen-containing volatile components in the pyrolysis gas by oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass pyrolysis carbon in a solid phase manner, so that the emission of the nitrogen-containing volatile components is reduced.
And further comprising S5, burning the pyrolysis gas output by the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and the pyrolysis gas output by the secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace to heat a circulating water pipeline, and preheating the granular raw materials and the biomass through the circulating water pipeline.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention relates to a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device and method coupled with high-temperature solid phase absorption of biochar, wherein granular materials formed by mixing sludge and biomass are pyrolyzed, nitrogen is fixed in the pyrolytic carbon by utilizing Maillard reaction of nitrogen-containing functional groups of protein in the sludge and oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass, and the generated pyrolytic carbon can be used as an agricultural nutrient substrate; meanwhile, nitrogen-containing volatile components released in the pyrolysis process of the granular materials are absorbed by using the oxygen-containing functional group solid phase in the biomass pyrolytic carbon, so that the release of nitrogen-containing pollutants is further reduced, the pyrolytic carbon after solid phase absorption can be used as a nitrogen fertilizer, the release of the nitrogen-containing volatile components in the pyrolysis process of municipal sludge can be reduced, and the product is utilized, thereby being beneficial to the treatment of the municipal sludge and the environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption.
In the figure: 1-a raw material pretreatment mechanism, 101-a first hopper, 102-a stirring bin, 103-a first storage bin, 104-a double-spiral material conveyer, 105-a briquetting machine, 106-a feeding belt conveyor, 2-a primary pyrolysis rotary kiln, 201-a second hopper, 202-a first gas locking feeder, 203-a second storage bin, 204-a first pyrolysis gas outlet, 205-a first discharge port, 206-a first carrier gas inlet, 3-a biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln, 301-a third bin, 302-a second gas locking feeder, 303-a third storage bin, 304-a second pyrolysis gas outlet, 305-a second discharge port, 306-a second carrier gas inlet, a 4-a secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace, 401-a third pyrolysis gas outlet, 402-a third discharge port, 5-low pressure combustion furnace, 501-stop valve, 502-flame arrester, 503-circulating water pipeline, 504-waste gas outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of the invention and to provide a basic understanding of the invention.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that they are relative concepts that may be modified in various manners of use and placement and that the use of directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of what is claimed.
In the description herein, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid-phase absorption, including a raw material pretreatment mechanism 1, a primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2, a biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3, a secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4, and a low-pressure combustion furnace 5.
Wherein the raw material pretreatment mechanism 1 is used for mixing the raw material of municipal sludge and biomass to form granular raw material. Specifically, the raw material pretreatment mechanism 1 comprises a first hopper 101, a stirring bin 102, a first storage bin 103, a double-spiral conveyor 104, a briquetting machine 105 and a feeding belt conveyor 106 which are connected in sequence. In the embodiment, the granular raw material is formed by mixing municipal sludge with the particle size of less than 60 meshes and the water content of less than 15% and biomass with the content of holocellulose of more than 30% according to the mass ratio of 7:3, the mixed material is fed from the first hopper 101, is uniformly stirred in the stirring bin 102, and then falls into the first storage bin 103. The double spiral conveyor 104 is connected to the bottom of the first storage bin 103 to convey the mixed material in the first storage bin 103 to the briquetting machine 105, and the mixed material is compressed and molded by the briquetting machine 105 to form granular material.
The primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 is used for carrying out pyrolysis treatment on granular materials, and the heating mode is electric heating. Specifically, the feed end of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 is sequentially connected with a second storage bin 203, a first gas-locking feeder 202 and a second hopper 201, and the discharge end of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 is provided with a first pyrolysis gas outlet 204 and a first discharge port 205. The input end of the feeding belt conveyor 106 is connected with the briquetting machine 105, the output end of the feeding belt conveyor is connected with the second hopper 201 so as to convey granular materials to the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2, and the first gas locking feeder 202 can improve the gas locking performance and the feeding uniformity performance, so that the inside of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 is in an anoxic environment.
The primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 receives the granular raw materials and pyrolyzes the granular raw materials to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, the generated pyrolysis gas is the pyrolysis gas containing nitrogen-containing volatile components, and in the pyrolysis process, proteins and saccharides in the granular raw materials undergo a Maillard reaction to inhibit the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis gas. The bottom of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 is provided with a first discharge hole 205, and simultaneously, pyrolytic carbon discharged from the first discharge hole 205 is used as an agricultural nutrient substrate.
Preferably, the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 is provided with a first carrier gas inlet 206, the first carrier gas inlet 206 is arranged at the feed end of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2, and an inert gas can be introduced into the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 through the first carrier gas inlet 206, so that the inside of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 is kept in an inert atmosphere, that is, the granular raw materials are subjected to a thermal cracking reaction in the inert atmosphere, and the proteins in the sludge and the saccharides in the biomass are subjected to a maillard reaction, so that more nitrogen is fixed in the pyrolytic carbon.
The biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 is used for pyrolyzing biomass to form biomass pyrolytic carbon. The heating mode of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 is electric heating, the feeding end of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 is sequentially connected with a third storage bin 303, a second gas locking feeder 302 and a third hopper 301, and the discharging end of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 is provided with a second pyrolysis gas outlet 304 and a second discharging port 305. The content of the biomass holocellulose is more than 30 percent, in particular to bagasse, cotton stalks and the like. The biomass is fed from the third hopper 301, enters the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 through the second gas-locking feeder 302 and the third storage bin 303, and is pyrolyzed in the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 to form pyrolysis gas and biomass pyrolysis char. The second air-locking feeder 302 can improve air-locking performance and feeding uniformity, so that the interior of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 is in an anoxic environment.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 is provided with a second carrier gas inlet 306, the second carrier gas inlet 306 is disposed at a feeding end of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3, and an inert gas may be introduced into the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 through the second carrier gas inlet 306, so that the inside of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 maintains an inert atmosphere.
The heating mode of the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 is electric heating, the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace is respectively connected with the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 and the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3, and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace is used for receiving pyrolysis gas and biomass pyrolysis carbon so that nitrogen-containing volatile matters in the pyrolysis gas are absorbed by oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass pyrolysis carbon in a solid-phase manner.
Specifically, the first pyrolysis gas outlet 204 is connected to the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 through a pipeline, and pyrolysis gas formed by pyrolyzing granular raw materials is input into the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4. Meanwhile, the second discharge port 305 is connected with the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 through a pipeline, and biomass pyrolysis carbon formed by biomass pyrolysis is input into the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4. The secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 is also provided with a third pyrolysis gas outlet 401 to discharge pyrolysis gas after nitrogen-containing volatile components are absorbed and purified. The second-stage biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 is also provided with a third discharge hole 402 to discharge the biochar after absorbing the nitrogen-containing volatile component.
In order to fully utilize the pyrolysis gas output by the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4, the low-pressure combustion furnace 5 is respectively connected with the third pyrolysis gas outlet 401 and the second pyrolysis gas outlet 304 through a pipeline, a flame arrester 502 and a stop valve 501 are further arranged on the pipeline, so that the pyrolysis gas output by the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 is input into the low-pressure fuel furnace 5 to be further combusted, and the waste gas generated by combustion is discharged through a waste gas outlet 504.
The low-pressure combustion furnace 5 is provided with a circulating water pipeline 503 which penetrates through the low-pressure combustion furnace, and the pyrolysis gas is combusted to heat circulating water in the circulating water pipeline 503. The circulating water pipe 503 is also connected to the second storage silo 203 and the third storage silo 303 to preheat the granular material and the biomass respectively.
In addition, based on the municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid-phase absorption shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention also provides a municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation method coupled with biochar high-temperature solid-phase absorption, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a mixed raw material of municipal sludge and biomass in a set mass ratio into the raw material pretreatment mechanism 1, and stirring, mixing and compressing to form a granular raw material.
General municipal sludge with the grain size of less than 60 meshes, the moisture content of less than 15 percent and biomass of bagasse, cotton stalk and the like with the holocellulose content of more than 30 percent are added into the first hopper 101 according to the mass ratio of 7:3, and the materials are uniformly stirred by the stirring bin 102 and compressed and molded by the briquetting machine 105 to form granular raw materials.
S2, inputting the granular raw materials into the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2, and pyrolyzing at 500 ℃ to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, wherein the pyrolysis gas is pyrolysis gas containing nitrogen-containing volatile components. The protein in the granular raw material and the saccharides have Maillard reaction to fix more nitrogen in the pyrolytic carbon, increase the nitrogen content in the pyrolytic carbon and inhibit the nitrogen content in the pyrolytic gas. Pyrolytic carbon generated by the granular raw materials in the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2 can be used as an agricultural nutrient substrate.
S3, putting biomass into the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3, pyrolyzing the biomass at 700 ℃ to form biomass pyrolytic carbon, wherein the biomass is bagasse with the content of holocellulose being more than 30%, cotton stalks and the like.
And S4, inputting the pyrolysis gas and the biomass pyrolysis carbon into a secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4, wherein nitrogen-containing volatile matters in the pyrolysis gas are absorbed by oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass pyrolysis carbon in a solid phase manner, so that the emission of the nitrogen-containing volatile matters is reduced, and the high-nitrogen biomass pyrolysis carbon after solid phase absorption can be further utilized as an organic nitrogen fertilizer.
S5, burning the pyrolysis gas output by the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3 and the pyrolysis gas output by the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 to heat the circulating water pipeline 503, and preheating the granular raw materials and the biomass through the circulating water pipeline 503 to realize the full utilization of energy.
Finally, the embodiment also performs experimental verification on the performance of the municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device for high-temperature solid phase absorption of the coupled biochar for reducing nitrogen-containing pollution volatile components.
The test conditions were as follows:
2 parts by mass of mixed raw materials are put into the raw material pretreatment mechanism 1, wherein the mass ratio of municipal sludge (the grain diameter is less than 60 meshes, the moisture content is less than 15%) to bagasse or cotton stalks (the holocellulose content is more than 30%) is 7: 3.
Argon is selected as inert gas introduced into a first carrier gas inlet of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2, the flow rate is 100mL/min, the temperature is increased from room temperature to 500 ℃, the temperature increase rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 30min when the preset temperature reaches 500 ℃.
Bagasse is put into the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln 3, pyrolysis is performed at 700 ℃, about 1.5 parts by mass of biomass pyrolysis charcoal is generated, and the biomass pyrolysis charcoal is input into the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4.
The solid phase absorption temperature in the secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4 is kept at 700 ℃.
The result shows that the nitrogen fixation rate of the 500 ℃ pyrolytic carbon in the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln 2
Figure BDA0003301122450000091
All reach 39 percent, and the high-temperature solid-phase absorption nitrogen fixation rate of the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace 4
Figure BDA0003301122450000092
13 percent and 52 percent of total nitrogen fixation rate are achieved, and the nitrogen fixation rate is greatly improved by 34 percent compared with the nitrogen fixation rate of independent fast pyrolysis of sludge, which shows that the municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device and method coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption can achieve the purpose of reducing the emission of nitrogen-containing pollution volatile components.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a coupling biological charcoal high temperature solid phase absorption's municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device which characterized in that includes:
a raw material pretreatment mechanism for mixing the municipal sludge with the biomass to form a granular raw material;
the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln is connected with the raw material pretreatment mechanism and is used for receiving the granular raw materials and pyrolyzing the granular raw materials to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, and the proteins and saccharides in the granular raw materials undergo Maillard reaction to inhibit the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis gas;
a biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln for pyrolyzing biomass to form biomass pyrolytic carbon;
and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace is respectively connected with the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln and the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and is used for receiving the pyrolysis gas and the biomass pyrolysis carbon so as to enable nitrogen-containing volatile matters in the pyrolysis gas to be absorbed by oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass pyrolysis carbon in a solid-phase manner.
2. The municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 1, wherein: the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a first carrier gas inlet, and the first carrier gas inlet is used for introducing inert gas into the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln so as to keep the interior of the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln in an inert atmosphere.
3. The municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 1, wherein: the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a second carrier gas inlet, and the second carrier gas inlet is used for introducing inert gas into the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln so as to keep the interior of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln in an inert atmosphere.
4. The municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 1, wherein: the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace are connected through a low-pressure combustion furnace, and the low-pressure combustion furnace is provided with a circulating water pipeline which penetrates through the low-pressure combustion furnace and is used for preheating granular raw materials and biomass.
5. The municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material pretreatment mechanism comprises a first hopper, a stirring bin, a first storage bin, a double-helix material conveyer, a briquetting machine and a feeding belt conveyor which are sequentially connected, wherein the output end of the feeding belt conveyor is connected with the one-level pyrolysis rotary kiln.
6. The municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 1, wherein: the feed end of the first-stage pyrolysis rotary kiln is sequentially connected with a second storage bin, a first gas locking feeder and a second hopper, the discharge end of the first-stage pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a first pyrolysis gas outlet and a first discharge port, and the first pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the second-stage biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline.
7. The municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 1, wherein: the feed end of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln is sequentially connected with a third storage bin, a second gas locking feeder and a third hopper, the discharge end of the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln is provided with a second pyrolysis gas outlet and a second discharge port, and the second discharge port is connected with the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline.
8. The municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 1, wherein: the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln, the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and the secondary biochar solid-phase absorption pyrolysis furnace are all electrically heated.
9. A municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation method coupled with biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption is characterized by comprising the following steps: the municipal sludge pyrolysis nitrogen fixation device adopting the coupling biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to any one of claims 1-8, and comprising the following steps:
s1, adding a mixed raw material of municipal sludge and biomass in a set mass ratio into the raw material pretreatment mechanism, and stirring, mixing and compressing to form a granular raw material;
s2, inputting the granular raw materials into the primary pyrolysis rotary kiln, pyrolyzing at 500 ℃ to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, and performing Maillard reaction on protein and saccharides in the granular raw materials to increase the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis carbon and inhibit the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis gas;
s3, putting biomass into the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln, and pyrolyzing the biomass to form biomass pyrolytic carbon;
and S4, inputting the pyrolysis gas and the biomass pyrolysis carbon into a secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace, and absorbing nitrogen-containing volatile components in the pyrolysis gas by oxygen-containing functional groups in the biomass pyrolysis carbon in a solid phase manner, so that the emission of the nitrogen-containing volatile components is reduced.
10. The method for the pyrolysis and nitrogen fixation of the municipal sludge by coupling the biochar high-temperature solid phase absorption according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln further comprises S5, the pyrolysis gas output by the biomass pyrolysis rotary kiln and the pyrolysis gas output by the secondary biochar solid phase absorption pyrolysis furnace are combusted to heat a circulating water pipeline, and the granular raw materials and the biomass are preheated through the circulating water pipeline.
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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108048122A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-05-18 华中科技大学 A kind of nitrogen discharged method during control algae preparation liquid oil
CN110922990A (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-27 深圳龙澄高科技环保股份有限公司 Ultrahigh-calorific-value garbage split-drying pyrolysis incineration power generation technology
CN112919754A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-06-08 东南大学 Method for preparing biochar and solidifying heavy metal by virtue of pyrolysis of sludge coupled biomass

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108048122A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-05-18 华中科技大学 A kind of nitrogen discharged method during control algae preparation liquid oil
CN110922990A (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-27 深圳龙澄高科技环保股份有限公司 Ultrahigh-calorific-value garbage split-drying pyrolysis incineration power generation technology
CN112919754A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-06-08 东南大学 Method for preparing biochar and solidifying heavy metal by virtue of pyrolysis of sludge coupled biomass

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