CN113861986A - Method for preparing soil conditioner for passivating heavy metals in soil by taking phosphogypsum as raw material - Google Patents
Method for preparing soil conditioner for passivating heavy metals in soil by taking phosphogypsum as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113861986A CN113861986A CN202111294235.2A CN202111294235A CN113861986A CN 113861986 A CN113861986 A CN 113861986A CN 202111294235 A CN202111294235 A CN 202111294235A CN 113861986 A CN113861986 A CN 113861986A
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- phosphogypsum
- soil
- soil conditioner
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- heavy metals
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- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, in particular to a method for preparing a soil conditioner for passivating heavy metals in soil by taking phosphogypsum as a raw material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, in particular to a method for preparing a soil conditioner for passivating heavy metals in soil by taking phosphogypsum as a raw material.
Background
Phosphogypsum is industrial waste residue discharged from wet-process phosphoric acid process, and the production of 1 ton of wet-process phosphoric acid (P)2O5Metered), 4-4.5 tons of phosphogypsum will be produced. The stacking of a large amount of phosphogypsum not only easily causes environmental pollution and waste of land resources, but also causes heavy burden and poor economic benefit of phosphorus chemical enterprises because the phosphogypsum is difficult to be recycled.
At present, the resource comprehensive utilization of the phosphogypsum is preliminarily researched, and corresponding effect is obtained, so that the phosphogypsum is widely applied to the aspects of building materials, chemical industry and agriculture, for example: in the aspect of building materials, phosphogypsum is used as a raw material to produce building blocks, insulating bricks, cement and the like; in the chemical industry, the phosphogypsum is used as a raw material for producing sulfuric acid, papermaking and the like; in agriculture, phosphogypsum is used as a raw material to prepare a field fertilizing agent, a soil conditioner and the like. The raw materials such as pyrite and natural gypsum required to be adopted in the aspects of building materials, chemical engineering and the like are easy to obtain, the product phase is more excellent than that of the phosphogypsum, and the price is low, so that the application amount of the phosphogypsum in the fields of building materials and chemical engineering is not obvious; meanwhile, the phosphogypsum is used in agriculture, but enjoyable effect is achieved, and the application of the phosphogypsum in agriculture is accelerated. However, the application of phosphogypsum in agriculture still faces a number of difficulties, such as: the phosphogypsum contains a small amount of pollutants such as fluorine, heavy metals and the like, so that the phosphogypsum can enter a soil environment along with rainwater washing after being applied to agriculture, and the soil is polluted.
In view of the above, the research team develops the research on the utilization of phosphogypsum in comprehensive land remediation and ecological restoration technology and application demonstration (qiancaceae closing enterprise [2018]4011) and determines the research direction (as shown in fig. 1) of the research by focusing on the defects of the phosphogypsum in the aspect of agricultural application: firstly, taking phosphogypsum as a raw material, performing high-temperature harmless treatment on the phosphogypsum, increasing the consumption of the phosphogypsum, and preparing a soil conditioner; secondly, preparing the agricultural fertilizer by adding phosphogypsum as a raw material; preparing a modifying agent for saline-alkali soil by taking phosphogypsum as a raw material; and fourthly, modifying and preparing the soil conditioner by taking the phosphogypsum as a raw material by using a recrystallization method.
Based on the research direction, the research is responsible for the project team member Wangyao, emphasizes on the preparation of the soil conditioner by taking the phosphogypsum as the raw material for recrystallization modification, and searches and analyzes the technical progress of the preparation of the soil conditioner by taking the phosphogypsum as the raw material for recrystallization modification in the prior art, and the research results show that: the technology of preparing soil conditioner by taking phosphogypsum as raw material has been developed, for example: the patent application number 201910673435.5 discloses a preparation method of a sludge-based soil conditioner, wherein a mixture of phosphorus-rich tailings and phosphogypsum is used as a heavy metal composite passivator, so that the risk of heavy metal migration in soil is reduced, the ecological safety is improved, the leaching transfer rate of heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb is reduced, and the passivation and solidification effects are achieved. For another example: patent application No. 201810649803.8 discloses mixing and granulating shell powder, activated carbon powder, phosphogypsum powder and flue gas desulfurization waste powder to improve soil, increase the pH value of the soil, improve soil hardening and precipitate heavy metal ions in the soil. Therefore, in the prior art, when phosphogypsum is used as a raw material to prepare the soil conditioner for passivating heavy metals, the resource utilization rate of the phosphogypsum is low, so that the solid waste treatment burden of phosphorus chemical enterprises is still heavy, and the phosphogypsum is difficult to be industrially popularized and applied in the aspect of the soil conditioner with the passivating heavy metals.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for passivating heavy metals in soil by taking phosphogypsum as a raw material, which is characterized in that a process of adding water into the phosphogypsum for grinding-filtering to obtain filtrate is utilized, filter residues are returned for circular grinding, so that a large amount of components which pollute the soil in the phosphogypsum are exposed, and a recrystallization modification process is utilized to prepare the soil conditioner.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for preparing the soil conditioner for passivating the heavy metals in the soil by taking the phosphogypsum as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water into phosphogypsum, grinding, filtering, and grinding the filter residue to obtain filtrate;
(2) adding a crystallizing agent and a modifying agent into the filtrate, stirring at a stirring speed of 1000r/min for at least 10min, standing for at least 1h, and filtering for the second time to obtain waste liquid which is returned to the ground phosphogypsum; drying the obtained solid at a constant temperature of 60-80 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the soil conditioner.
Preferably, in the step (2), the filtrate is mixed with the crystallization agent and the modifier according to the liquid-solid mass ratio of 100:0.1-0.4: 5-10.
The crystallization agent selected by the invention is selected from but not limited to nano calcium sulfate.
The modifier is prepared with ardealite and through calcining, water quenching, ball milling and sieving. Specifically, after the phosphogypsum is calcined for at least 30min at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ in the nitrogen atmosphere, water is sprayed at the stirring speed of 200r/min while stirring, the spraying amount of the water accounts for 5% of the mass of the phosphogypsum, the phosphogypsum is sent into a ball mill for ball milling, and the phosphogypsum is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, so that the phosphogypsum is obtained.
The invention also aims to provide the soil conditioner prepared by the method.
The invention also aims to provide the soil conditioner prepared by the method for passivating the heavy metals in the soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
firstly, adding water into phosphogypsum for grinding and filtering to prepare filtrate (slurry), adding a crystallizing agent and a modifying agent for stirring and mixing, standing and filtering, returning waste liquid to grind the phosphogypsum, and drying solid to constant weight to obtain the soil conditioner, so that the waste liquid discharge is avoided, the utilization rate of the phosphogypsum is increased, the absorption of the phosphogypsum is accelerated, the production burden of phosphorus chemical enterprises is reduced, and the obtained soil conditioner has the functions of passivating heavy metals in soil and reducing the risk of heavy metal re-migration.
The invention adopts nano calcium sulfate as a crystallizing agent, so that the recrystallization of calcium sulfate in the slurry can be accelerated after the nano calcium sulfate is added, stirred and mixed; meanwhile, after phosphogypsum is calcined, water-spraying and stirring (water quenching), ball milling and sieving, the phosphogypsum is used as a modifier and added into slurry obtained by grinding the phosphogypsum, so that the conditioning performance of the soil conditioner is improved; the consumption of the phosphogypsum is increased.
The method has simple process flow and easy operation, can obviously increase the consumed phosphogypsum amount, and can be favored by phosphorus chemical enterprises to realize rapid industrialized popularization and implementation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall research direction of the project research in which the present invention is embodied.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the inventive process.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the description.
The nano calcium sulfate adopted by the invention is purchased from the market; the adopted phosphogypsum is directly collected from a phosphogypsum slag yard in which a phosphorus chemical industry group in Guizhou province is located.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 2, the preparation process of the soil conditioner for passivating the heavy metals in the soil comprises the following steps:
Preparing a modifier: calcining phosphogypsum at 300 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere for 30min, spraying water at a stirring speed of 200r/min while stirring, wherein the spraying amount of the water accounts for 5% of the mass of the phosphogypsum, sending the phosphogypsum into a ball mill for ball milling, and sieving the phosphogypsum by a 100-mesh sieve;
preparing a soil conditioner: taking phosphogypsum, adding water and grinding according to the liquid-solid mass ratio of 5:1, filtering by adopting a 300-mesh screen, returning the screen fabric (filter residue) to be mixed and ground with the phosphogypsum to obtain a filtrate (slurry); adding nano calcium sulfate serving as a crystallizing agent and a modifying agent into the filtrate, wherein the liquid-solid mass ratio of the filtrate to the crystallizing agent and the modifying agent is 100:0.1:5, stirring at the stirring speed of 1000r/min for 10min, standing for 1h, and filtering for the second time to obtain waste liquid and solid; waste liquid is returned to the phosphogypsum grinding and water supplementing treatment, so that the waste liquid discharge is reduced; and drying the solid at the temperature of 80 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the soil conditioner.
Example 2
When the soil conditioner is prepared, mixing and grinding phosphogypsum and water according to the liquid-solid mass ratio of 3: 1; the filtrate was mixed with the crystallizing agent and the modifying agent at a liquid-solid mass ratio of 100:0.4:8, and the mixture was processed according to the processing method of example 1.
Comparative example 1: the modifier prepared by taking phosphogypsum as a raw material in example 1 is directly used as a soil conditioner.
Comparative example 2: directly adopts the collected phosphogypsum as a soil conditioner.
Soil heavy metal leaching test:
test time: 1-3 months in 2020;
test site: the laboratory of the chemical research institute of Guizhou province;
test soil: collecting the vegetable from a vegetable field beside an office building of a chemical research institution of Guizhou province;
the test method comprises the following steps: taking 5 parts of soil, each 500g of soil, and respectively filling the soil into plastic pots with the diameter of 20cm and the depth of 15 cm; 1mg of each of copper nitrate powder and chromium nitrate powder is taken and mixed into the soil, and the mixture is uniformly mixed; taking 150g of the soil conditioners obtained in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-2 respectively, adding 30g of the soil conditioners into the soil every 3 days, and stirring for 10min at the speed of 100 r/min; meanwhile, the soil in the plastic basin without the soil conditioner group (blank group) is stirred for 10min at the speed of 100 r/min; after the soil conditioner is completely added, after 4 days, water is added into the plastic basin and the plastic basin is immersed in the soil for 2cm, the plastic basin is placed in a normal temperature environment for 2 days, then the water in the plastic basin is drained, and the amount of copper and chromium in the drained water is detected, and the result is shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Blank group | |
| Cu(ug/L) | 2.64 | 2.57 | 19.43 | 28.79 | 36.13 |
| Cr(ug/L) | 0.15 | 0.19 | 17.21 | 29.41 | 33.76 |
From the data in table 1, after the phosphogypsum is ground and filtered by adding water, and then the nano calcium sulfate and the modifier prepared by using the phosphogypsum as the raw material are added, the filtrate is kept still for 1h (recrystallization process), and then the filtrate is filtered and dried to constant weight, so that the leaching of heavy metal Cr in the soil can be obviously improved, the aims of passivating the heavy metal Cr and preventing the heavy metal from migrating are achieved, and the environmental pollution caused by the migration of the heavy metal is avoided.
The modifier is prepared by taking the phosphogypsum as a raw material, the preparation process flow of the modifier is simple, and the process steps are easy to operate; and the obtained modifier is added into filtrate obtained by grinding the phosphogypsum by adding water, and is mixed with a crystallizing agent, kept stand and recrystallized, so that the resource utilization rate of the phosphogypsum is increased, the consumption of the stockpiled phosphogypsum is accelerated, the solid waste treatment burden of a phosphorus chemical industry enterprise is greatly reduced, and the cost of the phosphorus chemical industry production enterprise is favorably reduced. The invention creates the whole process flow and the control of the process parameters are simple, the operation is easy, and the industrialized popularization and implementation can be realized. The invention can be realized by conventional technical means according to the prior art or common general knowledge well known by the technical personnel in the field.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for passivating heavy metals in soil by taking phosphogypsum as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding water into phosphogypsum, grinding, filtering, and grinding the filter residue to obtain filtrate;
(2) adding a crystallizing agent and a modifying agent into the filtrate, stirring at a stirring speed of 1000r/min for at least 10min, standing for at least 1h, and filtering for the second time to obtain waste liquid which is returned to the ground phosphogypsum; drying the obtained solid at a constant temperature of 60-80 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the soil conditioner.
2. The method for preparing the soil conditioner for passivating the heavy metals in the soil by taking the phosphogypsum as the raw material according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the filtrate is mixed with the crystallizing agent and the modifying agent according to the liquid-solid mass ratio of 100:0.1-0.4: 5-10.
3. The method for preparing the soil conditioner for passivating the heavy metals in the soil by taking the phosphogypsum as the raw material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crystallizing agent is nano calcium sulfate.
4. The method for preparing the soil conditioner for passivating the heavy metals in the soil by taking the phosphogypsum as the raw material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the modifier is prepared by calcining, water quenching, ball milling and sieving the phosphogypsum.
5. The method for preparing the soil conditioner for passivating the heavy metals in the soil by using the phosphogypsum as the raw material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the modifier is prepared by calcining the phosphogypsum at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ for at least 30min under the nitrogen atmosphere, spraying water at the stirring speed of 200r/min while stirring, wherein the spraying amount of the water accounts for 5 percent of the mass of the phosphogypsum, sending the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, and sieving the mixture by a 100-mesh sieve.
6. A soil conditioner prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The soil conditioner prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 is applied to passivate heavy metals in soil.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115466622A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-12-13 | 中南民族大学 | Soil remediation agent using phosphogypsum as base material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101240172A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-13 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Mixing soil conditioner and its preparation method |
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