CN113861362B - Method for rapidly curing and toughening benzoxazine resin - Google Patents

Method for rapidly curing and toughening benzoxazine resin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113861362B
CN113861362B CN202111156327.4A CN202111156327A CN113861362B CN 113861362 B CN113861362 B CN 113861362B CN 202111156327 A CN202111156327 A CN 202111156327A CN 113861362 B CN113861362 B CN 113861362B
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curing
benzoxazine
solvent
toughening
resin
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CN113861362A (en
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王智
刘占鑫
范晓天
王维维
李水泉
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North University of China
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North University of China
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G14/00Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00
    • C08G14/02Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes
    • C08G14/04Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes with phenols
    • C08G14/06Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08G8/00 - C08G12/00 of aldehydes with phenols and monomers containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/36Silica
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • C08K7/26Silicon- containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of thermosetting resin curing, in particular to a method for rapidly curing and toughening benzoxazine resin at the same time; the method comprises the following steps: firstly dispersing inorganic particles in a proper amount of solvent, then ultrasonically mixing the inorganic particles with benzoxazine dissolved in the proper amount of solvent to prepare uniform solution, and then removing the solvent in a vacuum oven; the method combines microwave curing and heating curing, thereby realizing rapid curing and toughening of the benzoxazine resin. The benzoxazine resin obtained by the curing method has good mechanical property, the curing time is shortened to 45 minutes compared with 8 hours of thermal curing, the impact property is improved by 107 percent at most compared with the pure benzoxazine resin, and the carbon residue rate at 800 ℃ is up to 46.9 percent. The method is mainly used for manufacturing large-scale resin base materials, shortens the curing time, improves the production efficiency of the parts, reduces the manufacturing cost, and has important significance for improving the rapid prototyping level of aviation equipment in China.

Description

Method for rapidly curing and toughening benzoxazine resin
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermosetting resin curing, in particular to a method for rapidly curing and toughening benzoxazine resin.
Background
Benzoxazine (Benzoxazine) is a six-membered heterocyclic compound containing nitrogen and oxygen atoms, which is obtained by condensation reaction of a phenolic compound, a primary amine compound and formaldehyde. The synthetic method of the benzoxazine resin is simple, the melt viscosity is low, no micromolecular byproducts are released during polymerization, the porosity of the product is low, the volume shrinkage rate is zero during solidification, and the product precision is high; meanwhile, the flame retardant has excellent heat stability and flame retardance; good mechanical properties, and higher glass transition temperature (Tg) and modulus; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of flexible molecular design and the like. Benzoxazine resin has been widely used in various fields such as electronic packaging materials, aerospace industry, composite materials, flame-retardant materials, high-temperature-resistant electric insulating materials, coatings and the like. However, similar to other thermosetting resins, benzoxazines suffer from the disadvantages of high brittleness of the cured product, high curing temperature, long curing time, and the like. These disadvantages greatly limit the popularization and application of the composite material as a high-performance structural material in the high and new technical fields such as aerospace and the like.
The traditional curing mode of the benzoxazine resin is heating curing, and heat is transferred from the outside to the inside of the material during heating curing, so that temperature gradients exist in the material, different curing degrees are caused along the thickness direction, the resin curing is difficult to be uniform and complete, larger internal stress is easy to generate, the curing speed is low, the period is long, and the production cost is increased. Microwave curing is a uniform curing mode in molecules, utilizes microwave radiation to generate heat to raise the temperature so as to generate curing reaction, has the advantages of uniform curing, high speed, easy control, energy saving and low equipment investment, and has become an important research point of thermosetting resin in curing.
The benzoxazine resin toughening modification comprises a rubber elastomer blending modification method, other thermosetting resin blending modification method, a molecular design modification method, an inorganic particle modification method and the like. For example: zhao et al uses imidazole (MZ) as a catalyst to prepare a novel Benzoxazine (BOZ)/Epoxy Resin (ER) blending structure with a sea-island structure, and compared with a homogeneous phase PBOZ and PBOZ/ER blending structure, the toughness and the thermal performance of a phase separation blending system are greatly improved, wherein the impact strength of the PBOZ/ER/MZ system reaches 33.8kJ/m < 2 >, and the impact strength of the phase separation blending system is improved by nearly two times compared with that of the PBOZ system; liu and the like uniformly disperse nano silicon nitride in benzoxazine resin, and the nano silicon nitride reinforced benzoxazine composite material is prepared by curing at 180 ℃ for 8 hours, and under the condition of the maximum nano silicon nitride content (30 wt%), DMA test results show that the initial storage modulus and Tg of the nano composite material are respectively improved to 2GPa and 47 ℃ compared with unmodified PBA-a resin, and meanwhile, the tensile strength and the tensile modulus are both obviously improved. The toughness of the benzoxazine resin can be effectively improved by the toughening modification, but the problems of high curing temperature, long curing time of 6-8 hours, complex operation, high processing cost and the like still exist. Therefore, the design of the curing mode of the benzoxazine resin, which is quick and efficient, simple to operate, low in processing cost and capable of toughening, has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a method for shortening the curing time and toughening the benzoxazine resin. The inventive idea derives from the microwave curing technique, which can cure by the application of microwaves to inorganic particles to generate heat. Inorganic particles are introduced into the benzoxazine, the inorganic particles are utilized to absorb microwave energy, the internal energy of the benzoxazine is converted into heat energy, the heat energy is transferred to the resin matrix through heat conduction, so that the solidification of the resin matrix from inside to outside is realized, the internal stress is reduced, the solidification time of the resin is shortened, and meanwhile, the inorganic particle fly ash is used as a toughening phase to toughen the benzoxazine resin. The purpose of toughening the benzoxazine while shortening the curing time is achieved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of rapidly curing while toughening a benzoxazine resin comprising the steps of: dispersing inorganic particles with microwave absorption performance in a proper amount of solvent, and then carrying out ultrasonic mixing with benzoxazine dissolved in the proper amount of solvent to prepare uniform mixed solution; and then removing the solvent from the mixed solution in a vacuum oven to obtain a benzoxazine prepolymer, and finally preparing the casting body by adopting microwave curing and heating curing processes.
Further, the benzoxazine is one or a plurality of compositions of bisphenol A benzoxazine, naphthol benzoxazine and diamine benzoxazine.
Further, the inorganic particles are one or a combination of more of fly ash, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide.
Further, the solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform.
Further, the mass ratio of the inorganic particles to the benzoxazine is between 1:100 and 5:100.
Further, the ratio of the inorganic particles to the solvent is 0.5g/mL, and the ratio of the benzoxazine to the solvent is 0.1-0.5 g/mL (the resin is required to be completely dissolved).
Preferably, the specific process of curing is as follows: after the microwave curing is carried out for 440W/5min and 600W/10min, the heating curing is carried out for 200 ℃/30min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the curing method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate and short in curing time, and the benzoxazine resin obtained by the curing method disclosed by the invention is good in mechanical property, the curing time is shortened to 45 minutes compared with 8 hours of heat curing, the impact performance is improved by 107% at most compared with that of the pure benzoxazine resin, and the carbon residue rate is up to 46.9% at 800 ℃. The invention provides a novel method for rapidly curing and toughening benzoxazine resin simultaneously, namely microwave curing is introduced to shorten the curing time of benzoxazine, and meanwhile, inorganic particles are introduced to be used as toughening phases to toughen benzoxazine. The method has the beneficial effects of saving energy, improving the production efficiency of the workpiece and reducing the cost. In addition, the composite material prepared by the method has good mechanical properties, and the method is mainly used for manufacturing large-scale resin base materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) graph of example 1 and comparative example 1, in which CV (thermal curing) is a DSC curve of the mass ratio of 1% in comparative example 1, MW (microwave curing) is a DSC curve of example 1, and No curing is a DSC curve of an uncured sample.
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of example 1 and comparative example 1, in which CV curing (thermal curing) is comparative example 1, MW 15min is a sample of 15 minutes of microwave curing, MW 10min is a sample of 10 minutes of microwave curing, and No curing is an uncured sample.
Fig. 3 is an impact strength graph of examples 1 to 3, wherein the abscissa value is the mass ratio of fly ash to bisphenol a-type benzoxazine.
Fig. 4 is an impact strength graph of comparative example 1, in which the abscissa value is the mass ratio of fly ash to bisphenol a-type benzoxazine.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Dispersing a certain amount of fly ash in N, N-dimethylformamide, and uniformly mixing for 10min by ultrasound to prepare a solution; bisphenol A type benzoxazine is dissolved in proper N, N-dimethylformamide and is prepared into solution by ultrasonic treatment for 10 min. The two solutions were mixed ultrasonically for 0.5h to obtain a homogeneous solution. The mass ratio of the fly ash to the bisphenol A type benzoxazine is 1:100. The dosage ratio of the inorganic particle fly ash to the solvent is 0.1g/mL. The dosage ratio of the benzoxazine to the solvent is 0.1-0.5 g/mL (the resin is required to be completely dissolved).
1. The above solution was poured into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and then the solvent was removed in a 140 ℃/1h vacuum oven.
2. The solvent-removed bars were cured using the following steps: after the microwave curing is carried out for 440W/5min and 600W/10min, the heating curing is carried out for 200 ℃/30min.
Finally, the polybenzoxazine composite material (marked as FA/BA-a) with the impact strength reaching 16.85KJ/m 2 The product is 92.1% higher than pure resin.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the mass ratio of the fly ash to the bisphenol A type benzoxazine in the first step is 3:100. Other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1. Finally, the impact strength of the obtained polybenzoxazine composite material reaches 18.18KJ/m 2 The product is improved by 107.3% compared with pure resin.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the mass ratio of the fly ash to the bisphenol A type benzoxazine in the step one is 5:100. Other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1. Finally, the impact strength of the obtained polybenzoxazine composite material reaches 15.52KJ/m 2 The product is 76.9% higher than pure resin.
Comparative example 1
The mass ratio of the fly ash to the benzoxazine is the same as that of examples 1 to 3, and the composite material is only prepared into a spline according to the heat curing processes of 140 ℃/2h, 160 ℃/2h, 180 ℃/2h and 200 ℃/2h, and the impact strength of the cured composite material reaches 15.37KJ/m respectively 2 、16.92KJ/m 2 、14.82KJ/m 2

Claims (5)

1. A method for rapidly curing and toughening a benzoxazine resin simultaneously, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: dispersing inorganic particles with microwave absorption performance in a proper amount of solvent, and then carrying out ultrasonic mixing with benzoxazine dissolved in the proper amount of solvent to prepare uniform mixed solution; then removing the solvent from the mixed solution in a vacuum oven to obtain a benzoxazine prepolymer, and finally preparing a casting body by adopting microwave curing and heating curing processes; the inorganic particles are fly ash; the mass ratio of the inorganic particles to the benzoxazine is between 1:100 and 5:100.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the benzoxazine is one or more of bisphenol a type benzoxazine, naphthol type benzoxazine and diamine type benzoxazine.
3. The method for rapid curing while toughening the benzoxazine resin according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform.
4. The method for rapidly curing and toughening the benzoxazine resin according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the inorganic particles to the solvent is 0.5g/mL, and the dosage ratio of the benzoxazine to the solvent is 0.1-0.5 g/mL.
5. A method of rapidly curing a simultaneous toughening benzoxazine resin according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the specific process of curing is: after the microwave curing is carried out for 440W/5min and 600W/10min, the heating curing is carried out for 200 ℃/30min.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4785073A (en) * 1983-08-16 1988-11-15 Polymer Tectonics Limited Melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resole modified by glycols moulding composition
JP2001174946A (en) * 1999-10-05 2001-06-29 Konica Corp Photosensitive emulsion, heat developable photosensitive material, image recording method and image forming method
CN108587060A (en) * 2018-05-02 2018-09-28 江苏恒神股份有限公司 A kind of benzoxazine colophony constituent and its prepreg suitable for microwave curing process
CN113248865A (en) * 2021-05-10 2021-08-13 泰安市中研复合材料科技有限公司 Benzoxazine resin system capable of being rapidly cured and composite material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4785073A (en) * 1983-08-16 1988-11-15 Polymer Tectonics Limited Melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resole modified by glycols moulding composition
JP2001174946A (en) * 1999-10-05 2001-06-29 Konica Corp Photosensitive emulsion, heat developable photosensitive material, image recording method and image forming method
CN108587060A (en) * 2018-05-02 2018-09-28 江苏恒神股份有限公司 A kind of benzoxazine colophony constituent and its prepreg suitable for microwave curing process
CN113248865A (en) * 2021-05-10 2021-08-13 泰安市中研复合材料科技有限公司 Benzoxazine resin system capable of being rapidly cured and composite material

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
Characterization of SiC Whisker-Filled Polybenzoxazine Cured by Microwave Radiation and Heat;Rimdusit et al;《International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization》(第11期);第441-453页 *

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