CN113860360A - Preparation method of nano flower-ball-shaped tin dioxide - Google Patents
Preparation method of nano flower-ball-shaped tin dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002057 nanoflower Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910008046 SnC14 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G19/00—Compounds of tin
- C01G19/02—Oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/32—Spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
Abstract
A process for preparing nm-class spherical tin dioxide from SnCl2·2H2O and alcohol aqueous solution are mixed to prepare SnCl with the concentration of 0.1-1 mol/L2Adding 350ml of solution and 0.0035-0.035 mol of silver nitrate to obtain solution A; adding 0.035-0.35 mol of sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate into 50mL of deionized water, and strongly stirring to ensure OH‑With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of (1) to (10: 1) to (1: 1) to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, stirring, and then transferring the obtained white slurry into a microwave solvent thermal reaction kettle to react for 0.5-8 h at 150 ℃ to obtain the required flower-ball-shaped appearance; standing, cooling, filtering and washing to obtain black powder; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder in a muffle furnace to obtain a product, namely the nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide. The invention is simple and effective, has less environmental pollution and high yieldHigh efficiency, low cost and easy realization of industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of tin dioxide with a special morphology, and particularly relates to a preparation method of nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide.
Background
Functional materials and nanomaterials are one of the key points of scientific research, and among them, nanomaterials have been widely used in the fields of light, electricity, magnetism, and catalysis. The effective development of the nano-scale functional material in industrial production has positive significance.
Tin is an important nonferrous metal, and has obvious significance for national economic construction by improving the added value of materials through deep processing. Tin dioxide is stable in chemical property and strong in corrosion resistance, is an excellent n-type semiconductor, and has important application in the aspects of gas sensitivity, batteries, optical sensing and the like. Especially, the research on the tin dioxide with a special morphology is very important and is one of the current research hotspots. The gas-sensitive material, the electrode material, the photocatalytic material and the like applied to the current industrial production can be produced by using the nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide as a raw material. Chinese patent CN104891557A reports a hollow structure tin dioxide nanoflower and a preparation method thereof. The method uses ZnO and SnC14NaOH and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide are used as raw materials, solid zinc stannate nanoflower is firstly prepared through hydrothermal reaction, then high-temperature annealing is carried out to obtain stannic oxide and zinc stannate mixed nanoflower, and the mixed nanoflower is etched through nitric acidAnd washing and drying to obtain the hollow-structure tin dioxide nanoflower. The method has the conditions of long flow, complex operation, low efficiency and the like, and is not beneficial to the industrial preparation of the tin dioxide with special morphology. At present, the research on aspects such as appearance control of industrial synthesis of tin dioxide and the like is not enough. This patent has effectively compensatied not enough wherein, can the high-efficient completion industry synthesize the globular tin dioxide of flower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the method which has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple process, lower cost, environmental protection and easy realization of industrial production and synthesis of the nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide comprises the following steps:
(1) SnCl2·2H2O and alcohol aqueous solution are mixed to prepare SnCl with the concentration of 0.1-1 mol/L2Adding 350ml of solution and 0.0035-0.035 mol of silver nitrate to obtain solution A;
(2) adding 0.035-0.35 mol of sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate into 50mL of deionized water, and strongly stirring to ensure OH-With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of (1) to (10: 1) to (1: 1) to obtain a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A obtained in the step (1) and the solution B obtained in the step (2), stirring for 10-30 min, and transferring the obtained white slurry into a 500mL microwave solvothermal reaction kettle to react at 150 ℃ for 0.5-8 h;
(4) standing and cooling the solution reacted in the step (3), filtering and washing to obtain black powder;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder obtained in the step (4) in a muffle furnace at 400-700 ℃ for 2-8 hours to carry out secondary oxidation crystallization on the powder, wherein the obtained product is the nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide;
preferably, the alcohol in the alcohol-water solution in the step (1) is one or a mixture of two of ethanol and propanol, and the alcohol-water molar ratio is 1: 1-5: 1, which is used for regulating and controlling the growth of tin dioxide crystals in the solution; silver nitrateThe molar addition amount of (A) is SnCl2·2H20.01 to 0.1% of O;
the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used for detecting the product, and the obtained product is proved to be the nano flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide material.
The method adopts a microwave solvothermal method, and the nano flower-ball-shaped tin dioxide with uniform appearance is synthesized simply, conveniently and efficiently. The obtained stannic oxide is a superfine nano-scale product, is in a flower ball shape, and the thickness of a thin sheet forming the flower ball is not more than 50 nm. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, short process flow, simple method, high synthesis efficiency, lower cost, easy realization of industrial production, good application prospect in the aspects of gas-sensitive materials, catalytic materials and the like, and environment-friendly and more environment-friendly raw materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) of tin dioxide prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) of tin dioxide prepared in example 2;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the tin dioxide prepared in example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for preparing nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide comprises the following steps:
(1) SnCl2·2H2O and alcohol aqueous solution are mixed to prepare SnCl with the concentration of 0.1mol/L2350ml of the solution, and adding 0.0035mol of silver nitrate to obtain a solution A;
(2) 0.035mol of sodium carbonate was added to 50ml of deionized water and stirred vigorously to ensure OH-With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of (1) to (2) is 10:1 to obtain a solution B; control of OH-With SnCl2The molar ratio of (A) is to ensure that the alkali liquor can precipitate tin ions in the subsequent reaction;
(3) mixing the solution A in the step (1) and the solution B in the step (2), stirring for 10min to obtain white slurry, and transferring the white slurry into a 500ml microwave solvent thermal reaction kettle to react for 0.5h at 150 ℃;
(4) standing and cooling the solution reacted in the step (3), and filtering and washing to obtain black powder;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder obtained in the step (4) in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to carry out secondary oxidation crystallization on the powder, wherein the obtained product is the nano flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide;
(6) the product is detected by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the appearance of the product is shown in figure 1, the product is extremely fine and is in a flower ball shape, and the thickness of a petal sheet of the flower ball is 20 nm.
Example 2
A method for preparing nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide comprises the following steps:
(1) SnCl2·2H2SnCl with concentration of 1mol/L prepared by mixing O and alcohol aqueous solution2350ml of solution and 0.035mol of silver nitrate are added to obtain solution A;
(2) 0.35mol of sodium carbonate is added to 50ml of deionized water and stirred vigorously to ensure OH-With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of (1: 1) to obtain a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A in the step (1) and the solution B in the step (2), stirring for 30min to obtain white slurry, and transferring the white slurry into a 500ml microwave solvent thermal reaction kettle to react for 8h at 150 ℃;
(4) standing and cooling the solution reacted in the step (3), and filtering and washing to obtain black powder;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder obtained in the step (4) in a muffle furnace at 400 ℃ for 8 hours to carry out secondary oxidation crystallization on the powder, wherein the obtained product is the nano flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide;
(6) and (3) detecting the product by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), wherein the product is shown in figure 2, the product is extremely fine and is in a flower ball shape, and the thickness of a petal sheet of the flower ball is 25 nm.
Example 3
A method for preparing nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide comprises the following steps:
(1) SnCl2·2H2O and alcohol aqueous solution are mixed to prepare SnCl with the concentration of 0.5mol/L2350ml of solution and 0.035mol of silver nitrate are added to obtain solution A;
(2) 0.055mol of sodium carbonate was added to 50ml of deionized water and stirred vigorously to ensure OH-With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of the solution B to the solution B is 5: 1;
(3) mixing the solution A in the step (1) and the solution B in the step (2), stirring for 15min to obtain white slurry, and transferring the white slurry into a 500ml microwave solvent thermal reaction kettle to react for 1h at 150 ℃;
(4) standing and cooling the solution reacted in the step (3), and filtering and washing to obtain black powder;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder obtained in the step (4) in a muffle furnace at 700 ℃ for 4 hours to carry out secondary oxidation crystallization on the powder, wherein the obtained product is the nano flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide;
(6) the product is detected by an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), the crystal structure is shown in figure 3, and the XRD pattern can be seen from figure 3 to show that the tin dioxide crystal is obtained and has no impurities.
Example 4
A method for preparing nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide comprises the following steps:
(1) SnCl2·2H2O and alcohol aqueous solution are mixed to prepare SnCl with the concentration of 0.1mol/L2350ml of solution and adding 0.007mol of silver nitrate to obtain solution A;
(2) 0.28mol of sodium carbonate is added to 50ml of deionized water and stirred vigorously to ensure OH-With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of (1) to (8) is 8:1 to obtain a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A in the step (1) and the solution B in the step (2), stirring for 15min to obtain white slurry, and transferring the white slurry into a 500ml microwave solvent thermal reaction kettle to react for 2h at 150 ℃;
(4) standing and cooling the solution reacted in the step (3), and filtering and washing to obtain glossy black powder;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder obtained in the step (4) in a muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 5 hours to carry out secondary oxidation crystallization on the powder, wherein the obtained product is the nano flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide;
(6) and (3) detecting the product by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), wherein the product is in a flower ball shape, and the thickness of a sheet forming the flower ball is 15 nm.
Example 5
A method for preparing nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide comprises the following steps:
(1) SnCl2·2H2O and alcohol aqueous solution are mixed to prepare SnCl with the concentration of 0.1mol/L2350ml of the solution, and adding 0.0035mol of silver nitrate to obtain a solution A;
(2) 0.175mol of sodium carbonate was added to 50ml of deionized water and stirred vigorously to ensure OH-With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of the solution B to the solution B is 5: 1;
(3) mixing the solution A in the step (1) and the solution B in the step (2), stirring for 25min to obtain white slurry, and transferring the white slurry into a 500ml microwave solvent thermal reaction kettle to react for 4h at 150 ℃;
(4) standing and cooling the solution reacted in the step (3), and filtering and washing to obtain glossy black powder;
(5) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder obtained in the step (4) in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 6 hours to carry out secondary oxidation crystallization on the powder, wherein the obtained product is the nano flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide;
(6) and detecting the product by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), wherein the product is in a flower ball shape, and the thickness of a slice forming the flower ball is 18 nm.
The above list is only a few examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and many variations are possible: tin sources with different concentrations, different carbonates and SnCl2In a molar ratio of (a). All variations, such as the time of stirring, the time of rest, and the way of microwave solvent process and heat treating the tin dioxide, which can be directly derived or suggested by one of ordinary skill in the art of tin dioxide material synthesis from the present disclosure, are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) SnCl2·2H2O and alcohol aqueous solution are mixed to prepare SnCl with the concentration of 0.1-1 mol/L2Adding 350ml of solution and 0.0035-0.035 mol of silver nitrate to obtain solution A;
(2) adding 0.035-0.35 mol of sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate into 50mL of deionized water, and strongly stirring to ensure OH-With SnCl in solution A2The molar ratio of (1) to (10: 1) to (1: 1) to obtain a solution B;
(3) mixing the solution A obtained in the step (1) and the solution B obtained in the step (2), stirring for 10-30 min, and transferring the obtained white slurry into a 500mL microwave solvothermal reaction kettle to react at 150 ℃ for 0.5-8 h;
(4) standing and cooling the solution reacted in the step (3), filtering and washing to obtain black powder;
(5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the black powder obtained in the step (4) in a muffle furnace at 400-700 ℃ for 2-8 hours, and carrying out secondary oxidation crystallization on the powder to obtain a product, namely the nanometer flower-shaped spherical tin dioxide.
2. The method for preparing tin dioxide with a nanometer flower ball shape according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol in the alcohol-water solution in the step (1) is one or a mixture of ethanol and propanol, and the molar ratio of alcohol to water is 1: 1-5: 1, so as to regulate the growth of tin dioxide crystals in the solution; the mol addition amount of the silver nitrate is SnCl2·2H20.01 to 0.1% of O.
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| Title |
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| 胡文全等: "SnO_2纳米花的水热合成及其光催化性能研究", 《硅酸盐通报》 * |
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