CN113857662A - Laser welding fixture and welding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser welding fixture and a welding method, wherein the laser welding fixture comprises a bottom plate; the supporting block is arranged on the bottom plate and used for supporting a workpiece; the fixing assembly is arranged on the bottom plate and used for fixing the workpiece; the liquid cooling assembly comprises a liquid cooling channel, and the liquid cooling channel is arranged in the supporting block; and the air cooling assembly comprises a first air blowing component, the first air blowing component is arranged on the bottom plate, and the air blowing direction of the first air blowing component faces the workpiece. The liquid cooling assembly and the air cooling assembly can be used for carrying out combined heat dissipation on the workpiece, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the workpiece is improved, the influence of welding heat on the workpiece is reduced, and the welding deformation of the workpiece is avoided.

Description

Laser welding fixture and welding method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a laser welding fixture and a welding method.

Background

The battery module is the core component of new energy automobile, and the battery tray is as whole battery module's support, is the important guarantee of battery system security. The weight of a common battery tray accounts for 20% -30% of that of a battery system, and the requirements on light weight, high precision, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, impact resistance and other performances are higher and higher. The aluminum alloy material has the advantages of low density, high specific strength and the like, can still ensure the rigidity of the automobile body when ensuring the performance of the automobile body, and is widely applied to automobile lightweight engineering.

When an aluminum alloy battery tray is used, the Welding process is performed by friction stir Welding, TIG Welding (Tungsten Inert Gas Welding), MIG Welding (melt Inert Gas Welding), CMT Welding (Cold Metal Transfer Welding), or the like, but these processes have low process efficiency. Therefore, the aluminum alloy battery tray can adopt a laser welding technology, and the processing efficiency is improved. However, the problems of large heat input, large heat affected zone, severe fluctuation of the molten pool and the like exist during laser welding, so that the defects of air holes, welding seam sinking and undercutting, large welding deformation and the like are easily generated on the battery tray.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the laser welding fixture which can effectively reduce the influence of welding heat on a workpiece to be welded in the laser welding process and improve the laser welding quality.

The embodiment adopts the following technical scheme:

a laser welding jig comprising:

a base plate;

the fixing assembly is arranged on the bottom plate and used for clamping a workpiece;

the supporting block is arranged on the bottom plate and used for supporting a workpiece;

the liquid cooling assembly comprises a liquid cooling channel, and the liquid cooling channel is arranged in the supporting block; and

and the air cooling assembly comprises a first air blowing element, the first air blowing element is arranged on the bottom plate, and the air blowing direction of the first air blowing element faces to the workpiece.

Furthermore, the number of the supporting blocks is more than or equal to 2, the supporting blocks are arranged at intervals, and the first blowing element is arranged between every two adjacent supporting blocks.

Further, in the laser welding fixture, the fixing component includes a cover plate and a driving component, the cover plate is movably connected with the base plate, the driving component is arranged on the base plate, the driving component is used for driving the cover plate to compress the workpiece, and a welding opening is formed in the cover plate to expose a region to be welded on the workpiece.

Further, in the laser welding jig, the air cooling assembly further includes a second blowing member, the second blowing member is disposed on the cover plate, and a blowing direction of the second blowing member faces the welding opening.

Furthermore, in the laser welding fixture, an elastic pressing block is further arranged on the cover plate and used for elastically pressing the workpiece, and the position of the elastic pressing block corresponds to the position of the supporting block during pressing.

Further, in the laser welding jig, the laser welding jig further includes a plurality of guide members, the plurality of guide members are disposed on the base plate and form a placement profile of the workpiece, and the guide members include an arc-shaped abutting surface facing the placement profile.

Further, in the laser welding jig, the laser welding jig further comprises a plurality of supporting members, the supporting members are arranged on the bottom plate along the placing contour, each supporting member comprises a supporting portion and a clamping portion, and the clamping portion is arranged on the side of the supporting portion and used for clamping the edge of the workpiece.

Further, in the laser welding fixture, a main body positioning pin assembly and an accessory positioning pin assembly are further included, the main body positioning pin assembly and the accessory positioning pin assembly are both arranged on the bottom plate, and both the main body positioning pin assembly and the accessory positioning pin assembly at least comprise a round pin and a diamond-shaped pin.

Further, in the laser welding fixture, a heat conduction block is arranged on the supporting block, and the heat conduction block is detachably connected to the top of the supporting block.

A welding method based on the laser welding fixture comprises the following steps:

sending the workpiece into a laser welding fixture, supporting the workpiece by a supporting block, and fixing the workpiece by a fixing component;

performing laser welding on a certain welding line of the workpiece, and then continuously welding the next welding line at intervals until all the welding lines of the workpiece are welded;

in the welding process of the workpieces, the workpieces are radiated through the liquid cooling assembly and the air cooling assembly.

Compared with the prior art, the laser welding fixture and the welding method provided by the invention can be used for carrying out combined heat dissipation on the workpiece through the liquid cooling assembly and the air cooling assembly, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the workpiece is improved, the influence of welding heat on the workpiece is reduced, and the welding deformation of the workpiece is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a laser welding fixture provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the laser welding jig shown in fig. 1 in a state where the cover plate is pressed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the laser welding jig of fig. 1 after the fixing member is removed.

Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a battery tray provided in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cap plate in the laser welding jig of fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken in the direction B-B in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view at D in fig. 3.

100, a workpiece; 110. a housing; 120. reinforcing rib plates;

10. a base plate; 11. a rotating assembly; 12. a support member; 121. a support portion; 122. a chucking section; 13. a first inductive switch; 14. a button box; 15. a lifting eye screw; 16. a reference hole; 17. a limit stop block;

20. a support block; 21. a heat conducting block;

30. a cover plate; 31. welding an opening; 32. a compression member; 33. elastic pressing blocks; 331. a briquetting body; 332. fixing the rod; 333. a spring; 34. a limiting pressing block; 35. a second inductive switch;

40. a drive assembly; 41. a driving cylinder; 42. a clamping cylinder;

50. a liquid cooling assembly; 51. a liquid cooling channel; 52. a liquid inlet channel; 53. a liquid outlet channel; 54. a circulation channel; 55. a waterway connector;

60. an air-cooled assembly; 61. a first blowing element; 62. a second blowing member;

70. a positioning assembly; 71. a guide member; 711. an arc-shaped abutting part; 72. fixing the round pin; 73. fixing the diamond-shaped pin; 74. a telescopic round pin; 75. a retractable diamond pin.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, which is not further described, and that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the laser welding jig according to the present invention includes a base plate 10, a support block 20, a fixing member (not numbered), a liquid cooling member 50, and an air cooling member 60. A support block 20 is provided on the base plate 10 for supporting the workpiece 100; the fixing assembly is arranged on the base plate 10 and used for fixing the workpiece 100; referring also to fig. 4 and 5, the liquid cooling assembly 50 includes a liquid cooling passage 51 disposed within the support block 20; the air-cooled assembly 60 includes a first blowing member 61 disposed on the base plate 10.

When the workpiece 100 is welded, the workpiece 100 needs to be placed on a laser welding fixture to position and clamp the workpiece 100, so that the workpiece 100 is prevented from being displaced in the welding process and the welding precision is prevented from being affected. Wherein, fixed subassembly is used for spacing around work piece 100, and supporting shoe 20 forms the support to the welding position of work piece 100, prevents that work piece 100 from producing sunken, influences the welding precision.

In the welding process, cooling liquid is injected into the liquid cooling channel 51 in the supporting block 20, at the moment, the temperature of the supporting block 20 is lower than that of the workpiece 100, heat can be conducted to the supporting block 20 from the workpiece 100, the temperature near the welding seam on the workpiece 100 is further reduced, the workpiece 100 is prevented from being heated and deformed, and the welding quality of the workpiece 100 is improved. In a specific embodiment, the cooling liquid introduced into the liquid cooling passage 51 may be selected from water, oil, and other liquid with a relatively large specific heat capacity, and an operator may select and replace the liquid according to an actual welding condition.

Meanwhile, in the welding process, the first air blowing element 61 also blows air towards the workpiece 100 (the air blowing direction is shown by an arrow in fig. 5), that is, the first air blowing element 61 blows air in alignment with the workpiece 100 on the supporting block 20, and on the basis of heat dissipation through the liquid cooling channel 51, heat at the welding seam of the workpiece 100 is taken away by further combining an air cooling mode, so that the efficiency of cooling the workpiece 100 is improved.

In a specific embodiment, the number of the supporting blocks 20 may be set to one, so that the supporting blocks 20 support the entire workpiece 100 and the flowing direction of the liquid cooling passages 51 in the supporting blocks 20 is continuously rotated, so that the liquid passes through each part of the supporting blocks 20; or the flowing direction of the liquid cooling channel 51 in the supporting block 20 is consistent with the welding direction of the workpiece 100, so that the welding part of the workpiece 100 can be accurately radiated.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 3-5, the number of support blocks 20 may be two or more, each support block 20 is spaced apart by a certain distance, and a liquid cooling passage 51 is provided in each support block 20. The liquid cooling passages 51 in each support block 20 are independent to better dissipate heat from the workpiece 100.

Further, a plurality of supporting blocks 20 may be correspondingly disposed on the base plate 10 according to the welding position of the workpiece 100. The liquid cooling channel 51 in the support block 20 can accurately dissipate heat of the welding part of the workpiece 100, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.

In a particular embodiment, the workpiece 100 on the laser welding fixture for welding may be a battery tray. As shown in fig. 6, the battery tray includes a case 110 and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 120, the plurality of reinforcing ribs 120 are arranged on the case 110 at intervals, and a welding seam needs to be formed along two sides of each reinforcing rib 120 during welding, so that each reinforcing rib 120 is firmly combined with the case 110, thereby improving the overall mechanical strength of the battery tray. In combination with the welding of the battery tray, a plurality of support blocks 20 on the base plate 10 may be arranged on the base plate 10 in a rectangular array. As shown in fig. 3-5, when 6 reinforcing rib plates 120 need to be welded to the battery tray, the number of the support blocks 20 on the bottom plate 10 may be set to 6 large rows, and each large row of support blocks 20 is divided into two small rows, which respectively correspond to the welding seams on both sides of each reinforcing rib plate 120. A plurality of heat-conducting blocks 21 may be disposed along the surface of each supporting block 20, and the plurality of heat-conducting blocks 21 protect the supporting block 20. Moreover, the heat conducting block 21 is detachably connected with the supporting block 20, and when the heat conducting block 21 is damaged due to high temperature in the welding process, the heat conducting block can be replaced.

Further, the liquid cooling module 50 further includes at least one inlet passage 52 and at least one outlet passage 53, the inlet passage 52 is communicated with the liquid cooling passage 51 in one support block 20, the outlet passage 53 is communicated with the liquid cooling passage 51 in the support block 20, or the outlet passage 53 is communicated with the liquid cooling passage 51 in another support block 20.

Wherein, inlet channel 52 includes liquid inlet joint and feed liquor pipe, is provided with waterway connector 55 on the bottom plate 10 simultaneously, and waterway connector 55 is used for inserting outside water source, and liquid inlet pipe connects inlet joint and waterway connector 55 respectively, makes waterway connector 55 accessible feed liquor pipe inject cooling liquid into inlet joint and liquid cooling channel 51. The liquid outlet channel 53 includes a liquid outlet joint and a liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid in the liquid cooling channel 51 after absorbing heat can be discharged through the liquid outlet joint and the liquid outlet pipe.

The liquid inlet channel 52 is communicated with the liquid cooling channel 51 in a certain supporting block 20, and the liquid outlet channel 53 is also communicated with the liquid cooling channel 51 in the supporting block 20, that is, the liquid inlet connector and the liquid outlet connector are arranged on the same supporting block 20, and the cooling liquid flowing into the liquid inlet connector only flows in the liquid cooling channel 51 in the supporting block 20. Or, the liquid inlet channel 52 is communicated with the liquid cooling channel 51 in one supporting block 20, and the liquid outlet channel 53 is communicated with the liquid cooling channel 51 in another supporting block 20, which means that when the liquid inlet joint and the liquid outlet joint are arranged on different supporting blocks 20, the cooling liquid flowing into the liquid inlet joint can flow in the liquid cooling channels 51 in different supporting blocks 20, thereby reducing the number of the liquid inlet joint and the liquid outlet joint.

Further, the liquid cooling assembly 50 further includes at least one circulation passage 54, one end of the circulation passage 54 is connected to the liquid cooling passage 51 of one support block 20, and the other end of the circulation passage 54 is connected to the liquid cooling passage 51 of the other support block 20. The liquid cooling passages 51 between the different support blocks 20 can be connected together by the circulation passage 54, facilitating the transfer of cooling liquid to the different support blocks 20.

The flow passage 54 may include a flow joint and a flow tube, among other things. The circulation joint is arranged on the supporting block 20 and is communicated with the liquid cooling channels 51 in the supporting block 20, and the circulation pipe can be connected with different circulation joints to ensure that different liquid cooling channels 51 are communicated with each other. One, two or more flow joints, preferably two, may be disposed on one support block 20, and are respectively located at two ends of the support block 20, and the flow joints of different support blocks 20 are connected two by two through flow pipes.

In the specific embodiment, each small row of support blocks 20 on the base plate 10 share an inlet joint and an outlet joint, and the support blocks 20 are connected with each other through a circulation joint and a circulation pipe, so that the cooling liquid flowing in from each inlet joint flows in the liquid cooling channel 51 in the corresponding row of support blocks 20 (the flow direction is shown by the arrow in fig. 4), and cools each corresponding weld of the stiffener plate 120. Each liquid inlet joint corresponds to one welding line, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of each welding line is ensured, and the quantity of the liquid inlet joints and the liquid outlet joints is reduced as much as possible.

And, the hose can be selected for use to circulation pipe, feed liquor pipe and drain pipe all, makes it be flexible connection with the circulation that corresponds connect, liquid inlet joint and go out between the liquid joint, stability when improving the connection, damages pipeline or joint when preventing to take place the displacement between pipeline and the joint, leads to cooling liquid to reveal, finally influences the welding effect.

Referring to fig. 5, the first blowing member 61 may be disposed between two different supporting blocks 20, so as to effectively utilize the space on the base plate 10 and facilitate the first blowing member 61 to blow air to the workpiece 100. Moreover, the number of the first blowing elements 61 can be set to be multiple, and the multiple first blowing elements 61 can be uniformly arranged among different supporting blocks 20, and combined with the liquid cooling channels 51 in the supporting blocks 20, the combined cooling of liquid cooling and air cooling is formed.

In a specific embodiment, a plurality of first blowing elements 61 may be arranged on the base plate 10 in a rectangular array. The first blowing element 61 can be air knives, each row of air knives is fixed between two rows of supporting blocks 20, each row of air knives is arranged at intervals along the length direction of each row of supporting blocks 20, and the multiple rows of air knives form a positive blowing cooling system to cool the reinforcing rib plate 120. When the air knife is connected to an air compressor through an air tube, air may be blown into the workpiece 100. The blowing direction of the air knife faces to the bottom of the workpiece 100 and is positioned between two welding seams for cooling the vicinity of the welding seams during welding.

For the fixing component, the fixing of the workpiece can be realized by pressing the workpiece through the cover plate. Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the fixing assembly includes a cover plate 30 and a driving assembly 40, the cover plate 30 is movably connected to the base plate 10, the driving assembly 40 is used for driving the cover plate 30 to press the workpiece 100, and the cover plate 30 is provided with a welding opening 31.

Wherein the welding opening 31 corresponds to a welding portion of the workpiece 100, and the welding device can weld the welding portion of the workpiece 100 through the welding opening 31. The movable connection between the cover plate 30 and the base plate 10 may be a rotating connection. In a specific embodiment, a rotating assembly 11 is disposed on one side of the bottom plate 10, the rotating assembly 11 includes a rotating shaft and a bearing seat supporting the rotating shaft, and one side of the cover plate 30 is sleeved on the rotating shaft to be rotatably connected to the bottom plate 10. The driving assembly 40 may include a driving cylinder 41, the driving cylinder 41 is disposed on the base plate 10, and a piston rod of the driving cylinder 41 is connected to the other side of the cover plate 30, and the cover plate 30 may be driven to rotate and press/release the workpiece 100 by extending and contracting the piston rod of the driving cylinder 41.

The driving assembly 40 may further include a clamping cylinder 42, the clamping cylinder 42 is installed on the base plate 10 and located at a side opposite to the rotating assembly 11, and when the driving cylinder 41 drives the cover plate 30 to rotate and press the workpiece 100, the clamping cylinder 42 may rotate and press the movable end of the cover plate 30, further preventing the cover plate 30 from loosening and causing the workpiece 100 to displace. Also, the number of the driving cylinders 41 may be provided as a pair, respectively at both ends of the base plate 10, to more stably drive the cover plate 30 to rotate. The clamping cylinder 42 may be provided in plural number, spaced apart from one side of the base plate 10, to more stably press the cover plate 30.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of supporting members 12 are disposed around the bottom plate 10, and the supporting members 12 are disposed along the placement contour of the workpiece 100 for supporting the edge of the workpiece 100, so that the workpiece 100 is better placed on the bottom plate 10. Meanwhile, referring to fig. 7, a plurality of pressing members 32 are disposed around the cover plate 30, and are used for pressing the edge of the workpiece 100 onto the plurality of supporting members 12 in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of supporting members 12 when the cover plate 30 is pressed down.

Meanwhile, a button box 14 may be further provided on the base plate 10, and an operator may turn on/off the driving cylinder 41 and the clamping cylinder 42 by pressing a button on the button box 14. In addition, the first inductive switches 13 may be disposed on the bottom plate 10, the supporting member 12 or the supporting block 20, and one or more first inductive switches 13 may be disposed, so that whether the workpiece 100 is placed on the supporting member 12 or the supporting block 20 may be sensed by the first inductive switches 13, thereby avoiding the occurrence of an erroneous operation.

Furthermore, an elastic pressing block 33 is further disposed on the cover plate 30, the elastic pressing block 33 is used for elastically pressing the workpiece 100, and the position of the elastic pressing block 33 corresponds to the position of the supporting block 20 during pressing. Or, the elastic pressing block 33 is used for pressing the welding accessories in the workpiece 100, so as to prevent the welding accessories from being shifted in position during the welding process and affecting the welding quality.

In a specific embodiment, the welding attachment requires a stiffener plate 120 that is welded to the battery tray. The number of the elastic pressing blocks 33 may be set to be plural, and the elastic pressing blocks are installed on the bottom surface of the cover plate 30 in a rectangular array manner so as to be correspondingly pressed against the plurality of reinforcing rib plates 120. Referring to fig. 8, at least one second inductive switch 35 may be further disposed on each row of elastic pressing blocks 33, and the second inductive switch 35 may be used to detect whether there is a welding accessory below the row of elastic pressing blocks 33, so as to avoid the occurrence of misoperation.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the elastic pressing block 33 specifically includes a pressing block body 331, a fixing rod 332 and a spring 333, the fixing rod 332 is fixed on the cover plate 30, the pressing block body 331 is sleeved outside the fixing rod 332 and can slide along the part of the fixing rod 332 exposed out of the surface of the cover plate 30, the spring 333 is arranged between the pressing block body 331 and the cover plate 30, and the pressing block body 331 is pressed against the end of the fixing rod 332 through the spring 333. The cross-sectional shape of the pressing block body 331 may be a U shape, which not only can stably press and hold the workpiece 100, but also can reduce the contact area with the workpiece 100.

When the plurality of elastic pressing blocks 33 press the rib plate 120, not only all stress points of the battery shell 110 are uniformly pressed and supported, but also the rib plate 120 is slowly contacted and stressed with the pressing block body 331, so that the rib plate 120 is prevented from being deformed by impact force or stressed unevenly, and the rib plate 120 moves to cause position change in the pressing process. Of course, the elastic pressing block 33 may also be realized by other structures, and the invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the four sides of the bottom plate 10 are respectively provided with a lifting bolt 15, and the laser welding fixture can be conveniently lifted up by the lifting bolt 15. The four corners of the base plate 10 are respectively provided with a reference hole 16 for determining the mounting position of each component. The two sides of the bottom plate 10 are provided with limit stops 17, the cover plate 30 is provided with limit pressing blocks 34 at corresponding positions, and the situation that the cover plate 30 is over-pressed in the process of pressing the workpiece 100 can be avoided through the matching of the limit stops 17 and the limit pressing blocks 34.

Further, the laser welding jig further includes a positioning assembly 70, and the positioning assembly 70 is disposed on the base plate 10 for positioning the position of the workpiece 100 to ensure that the workpiece 100 is placed at the correct position. Moreover, the positioning assembly 70 is also used for positioning the welding accessory in the workpiece 100, so as to ensure that the welding accessory is also in a correct position and ensure the welding precision and quality.

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 11, the positioning assembly 70 may include a plurality of guiding members 71, the plurality of guiding members 71 are fixed on the base plate 10, and the plurality of guiding members 71 form a placement profile or a mounting profile of the workpiece 100. When the work 100 is placed on the support block 20, the work 100 is simultaneously placed within the placement profile formed by the plurality of guides 71. Also, the guide 71 includes an arc-shaped abutting surface 711 facing the placement profile. In the process of placing the workpiece 100, the edge of the workpiece 100 first contacts the upper part of the arc-shaped abutting surface 711, then in the process of falling the workpiece 100, the moving space of the workpiece 100 in the horizontal direction is smaller and smaller, and finally, the two sides of the workpiece 100 are abutted by the arc-shaped abutting surface 711, so that the positioning process of the workpiece 100 is realized. The arc-shaped abutting surface 711 is convenient for placing the workpiece 100, prevents the workpiece 100 from sliding out, and can reduce collision damage to the workpiece 100.

Meanwhile, the plurality of supporting pieces 12 are arranged along the placement profile formed by the plurality of guide pieces 71. Some of the supports 12 may serve only to support the edges of the workpiece 100. Alternatively, the other supports 12 may include a support portion 121 and a catch portion 122, and the catch portion 122 is disposed at a side of the support portion 121. The support 12 can support the workpiece 100 through the support portion 121 and can hold the edge of the workpiece 100 through the holding portion 122. In the positioning process, the workpiece 100 is roughly positioned by the plurality of guides 71, and then the workpiece 100 falls into the position where it is held by the holding portion 122 under the guidance of the plurality of guides 71, further preventing the workpiece 100 from shaking in the horizontal direction.

In a particular embodiment, workpiece 100 includes a weld body such as housing 110 and a weld attachment such as stiffener plate 120, with guide 71 for positioning the weld body. Therefore, the positioning assembly 70 may further include a main body positioning pin assembly and an accessory positioning pin assembly, both the main body positioning pin assembly and the accessory positioning pin assembly are disposed on the bottom plate 10, and both the main body positioning pin assembly and the accessory positioning pin assembly include at least a round pin and a diamond pin, so that the round pin and the diamond pin are matched with each other, that is, the round pin and the diamond pin are convenient to be matched with the positioning hole, the degree of freedom of the welding main body and the welding accessory can be limited, and the 6-point positioning principle is met.

The main body positioning pin assembly comprises a fixed round pin 72 and a fixed diamond-shaped pin 73 which are arranged at different positions on the bottom plate 10, a fixed round pin hole and a fixed diamond-shaped pin hole which correspond to the fixed round pin 72 and the fixed diamond-shaped pin 73 respectively are formed in the shell 110, and the shell 110 is limited to move through the matching of the fixed round pin 72 and the fixed diamond-shaped pin 73.

The accessory positioning pin assembly comprises telescopic round pins 74 and telescopic diamond-shaped pins 75 which are arranged at two ends of the supporting block 20, the telescopic round pins 74 and the telescopic diamond-shaped pins 75 can be arranged into a plurality of pairs, each pair of telescopic round pins 74 and each pair of telescopic diamond-shaped pins 75 are used for positioning one reinforcing rib plate 120, and the movement of the reinforcing rib plate 120 is limited through the matching of the telescopic round pins 74 and the telescopic diamond-shaped pins 75.

In addition, the invention also provides a welding method based on the laser welding fixture, which comprises the following steps:

sending the workpiece into a laser welding fixture, supporting the workpiece by a supporting block, and fixing the workpiece by a fixing component;

performing laser welding on a certain welding line of the workpiece, and then continuously welding the next welding line at intervals until all the welding lines of the workpiece are welded;

in the welding process of the workpieces, the workpieces are radiated through the liquid cooling assembly and the air cooling assembly.

The welding method comprises the following steps of carrying out laser welding on a certain welding line of a workpiece, and continuously welding the next welding line at intervals, wherein after the certain welding line of the workpiece is welded, the next welding line which is continuously welded is selected to be the welding line which is not adjacent to the previous welding line of the workpiece, so that a certain distance exists between the next welding line and the previous welding line, and the influence of the welding heat of the next welding line on the cooling process of the previous welding line is reduced as far as possible on the premise of ensuring the welding efficiency.

In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the left weld of the first stiffener 120 in the battery tray includes welds 1-10, the right weld of the first stiffener 120 includes welds 11-20, and so on. During welding, preferably, a double-welding head is used for welding, and welding seams on two sides of each reinforcing rib plate 120 are welded simultaneously, so that the welding efficiency is improved, the two sides of each reinforcing rib plate 120 can be heated uniformly, and welding deformation caused by large heat input on one side is avoided. One welding head welds 1-10 welding spots, the other welding head welds 11-20 welding spots, welding spot 1 and welding spot 11 start welding simultaneously during welding, and then welding is carried out in sequence until welding spot 10 and welding spot 20 are welded.

Then, in order to avoid welding deformation caused by large heat input, the second reinforcing rib plate 120 needs to be welded at intervals, and the reinforcing rib plates 120 with welding spot numbers of 61-70 and 71-80 at two sides are selected for the second reinforcing rib plate 120; and welding a third reinforcing rib plate 120, wherein the welding points are numbered as follows: 21-30, 31-40; welding a fourth reinforcing rib plate 120, wherein the welding points are numbered as follows: 81-90, 91-100; and welding a fifth reinforcing rib plate 120, wherein the welding points are numbered: 41-50, 51-60; and finally, welding a sixth reinforcing rib plate 120, wherein the welding line is numbered: 101-.

By the method of simultaneous processing of double welding beads and interval welding of welding seams, the heat influence of subsequent welding on the welding seams after welding is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, in the welding process, the liquid cooling assembly 50 and the air cooling assembly 60 can be combined for heat dissipation, the temperature near the welding seam is effectively reduced, and the problem of welding deformation is avoided to the greatest extent.

It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A laser welding jig characterized by comprising:

a base plate;

the fixing assembly is arranged on the bottom plate and used for clamping a workpiece;

the supporting block is arranged on the bottom plate and used for supporting a workpiece;

the liquid cooling assembly comprises a liquid cooling channel, and the liquid cooling channel is arranged in the supporting block; and

and the air cooling assembly comprises a first air blowing element, the first air blowing element is arranged on the bottom plate, and the air blowing direction of the first air blowing element faces to the workpiece.

2. The laser welding jig of claim 1, wherein the number of the support blocks is greater than or equal to 2, the plurality of support blocks are arranged at intervals, and the first blowing member is provided between every two adjacent support blocks.

3. The laser welding fixture of claim 1, wherein the fixing assembly comprises a cover plate and a driving assembly, the cover plate is movably connected with the base plate, the driving assembly is arranged on the base plate, the driving assembly is used for driving the cover plate to press the workpiece, and a welding opening is formed in the cover plate to expose an area to be welded on the workpiece.

4. The laser welding jig of claim 3, wherein the air-cooling assembly further comprises a second blowing member provided on the cover plate, a blowing direction of the second blowing member being toward the welding opening.

5. The laser welding jig of claim 3, wherein the cover plate is further provided with an elastic pressing block, the elastic pressing block is used for elastically pressing the workpiece, and the position of the elastic pressing block corresponds to the position of the supporting block during pressing.

6. The laser welding jig according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by further comprising a plurality of guide members that are provided on the base plate and form a placement profile of the workpiece, the guide members including an arc-shaped abutting surface that faces the placement profile.

7. The laser welding jig of claim 6, further comprising a plurality of support members provided on the bottom plate along the placement profile, the support members including a support portion and a retaining portion provided on a side of the support portion for retaining the edge of the workpiece.

8. The laser welding fixture of claim 6, further comprising a body dowel assembly and an attachment dowel assembly, the body dowel assembly and the attachment dowel assembly each being disposed on the base plate, and the body dowel assembly and the attachment dowel assembly each including at least a round pin and a diamond pin.

9. The laser welding jig of claim 1, wherein the support block is provided with a heat conducting block, and the heat conducting block is detachably connected to the top of the support block.

10. A welding method based on the laser welding jig of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:

sending the workpiece into a laser welding fixture, supporting the workpiece by a supporting block, and fixing the workpiece by a fixing component;

performing laser welding on a certain welding line of the workpiece, and then continuously welding the next welding line at intervals until all the welding lines of the workpiece are welded;

in the welding process of the workpieces, the workpieces are radiated through the liquid cooling assembly and the air cooling assembly.

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