CN113857443B - Copper or copper alloy ultra-microfilament upward-guiding equipment and upward-guiding production process - Google Patents
Copper or copper alloy ultra-microfilament upward-guiding equipment and upward-guiding production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113857443B CN113857443B CN202111140711.5A CN202111140711A CN113857443B CN 113857443 B CN113857443 B CN 113857443B CN 202111140711 A CN202111140711 A CN 202111140711A CN 113857443 B CN113857443 B CN 113857443B
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000002151 Microfilament Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010040897 Microfilament Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003632 microfilament Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/005—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/145—Plants for continuous casting for upward casting
Abstract
The invention discloses copper or copper alloy ultra-microfilament up-leading equipment, which comprises: the pressurized smelting furnace is communicated with an inert gas source and is provided with a feed inlet and a pressure relief opening; the feeding end of the upward crystallizer is arranged in a furnace chamber of the pressurized smelting furnace, the wire outlet end of the upward crystallizer is arranged outside the pressurized smelting furnace, and a die hole and a cooling piece for cooling and heat exchanging with the material in the die hole are arranged; the wire collecting mechanism is used for collecting the ultra-microfilaments; and the limiting piece is removably connected with the upward crystallizer and is used for axially limiting the guide wire penetrating through the upward crystallizer. The copper or copper alloy ultra-micro wire upward guiding device utilizes wires to seal the die holes of the upward guiding crystallizer, reduces inert gas leakage and heat dissipation of a smelting furnace, reduces the probability of upward heating the guiding wires by the furnace gas, simultaneously avoids the molten metal from ejecting the guiding wires out of the die holes, is beneficial to keeping the form of the guiding wires in the die holes of the upward guiding crystallizer, improves the success rate of guiding wires, and is convenient for mass production of the upward guiding ultra-micro wires. The invention also discloses an upward production process of the copper or copper alloy ultrafine wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to copper or copper alloy ultrafine wire upward-guiding equipment and an upward-guiding production process.
Background
The light-weight requirements of the fields of medical wire harnesses, robot wire harnesses, ABS wire harnesses, loudspeaker wire harnesses, automobile wire harnesses and the like lead the development of copper and copper alloy ultrafine wires to be rapid and the demand to be increased rapidly. The purity and the tissue structure requirements of the parent metal for preparing the ultra-micro wire (the wire diameter is lower than 0.06 mm) are high.
The production method of the ultra-microfilament in the prior art comprises the following steps: the base material is produced by adopting the casting, and the ultra-micro wire is produced by multiple wiredrawing, so that the production efficiency is low. CN112157236a discloses an upper-induced oxygen-free copper smelting device, which comprises a smelting furnace, a crystallizer arranged in the smelting furnace, a tractor for drawing metal wires in the crystallizer to discharge, a wire collecting mechanism and a wire assembly arranged between the tractor and the wire collecting mechanism. The scheme is suitable for the upward production of metal wires with larger wire diameters under normal pressure, and is not suitable for the upward production of ultra-micro wires with wire diameters lower than 0.1mm (further lower than 0.06 mm).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire upward-guiding equipment, and utilizes a limiting piece to seal a die hole of an upward-guiding crystallizer, so that leakage of inert gas in the furnace burden heating process is reduced, and the heat preservation and the wire guiding form in the die hole are facilitated.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-draw apparatus comprising:
the pressurized smelting furnace is communicated with an inert gas source and is provided with a feed inlet and a pressure relief opening;
the feeding end of the upward crystallizer is arranged in a furnace chamber of the pressurized smelting furnace, the wire outlet end of the upward crystallizer is arranged outside the pressurized smelting furnace, and a die hole and a cooling piece for cooling and exchanging heat with the material in the die hole are arranged;
the wire collecting mechanism is used for collecting the ultra-microfilaments;
and the limiting piece is removably connected with the upward crystallizer and is used for axially limiting the upward wire penetrating through the upward crystallizer.
The preferable technical scheme is that the wire winding mechanism has a switchable tension wire winding state and a tension-free wire winding state; the tension winding state is used for winding the end part of the ultra-micro wire with a preset length, and the tension-free winding state is used for winding the subsequent outgoing wire of the end part of the ultra-micro wire.
The preferable technical scheme is that the limiting piece is a die hole sealing piece of the upward crystallizer.
The preferable technical scheme is that the pressurized smelting furnace comprises:
the furnace shell is provided with a furnace cover in a removable way, the furnace shell and/or the furnace cover is provided with an inert gas inlet and a pressure relief opening, and the upward crystallizer is connected with the furnace cover in a penetrating way;
the graphite crucible is arranged in the inner cavity of the furnace shell;
and a heating element for heating the graphite crucible.
The second object of the invention is to provide a copper or copper alloy ultra-micro wire up-leading production process, which is based on the copper or copper alloy ultra-micro wire up-leading equipment and comprises the following steps:
s1: inserting a guide wire into the upward guide crystallizer, connecting a limiting piece with the upward guide crystallizer, and axially limiting the guide wire to ascend;
s2: feeding in a pressurized smelting furnace, filling inert gas to a first preset pressurizing value after replacing air in the pressurized smelting furnace, starting a cooling piece, heating and smelting furnace burden, raising the furnace temperature to a preset smelting temperature higher than the melting point of the furnace burden, and carrying out heat preservation smelting;
s3: pressurizing the inside of the pressurizing smelting furnace to a second preset pressurizing value, removing the limiting piece, connecting the wire guiding and winding mechanism, and dragging the wire guiding and winding.
The wire diameter of the ultra-micro wire is 0.02-0.1 mm, and the second preset pressurizing value is 13-15 MPa; the temperature difference between the preset smelting temperature in the step S2 and the melting point of the main alloy component copper of the furnace burden is 60-100 ℃.
Further, the wire diameter of the ultra-micro wire is 0.02-0.06 mm; further, the second predetermined pressurization value is 13.5-14.5 MPa; further, the temperature difference between the preset smelting temperature in S2 and the melting point of the furnace burden is 95-110 ℃.
The preferable technical scheme is that the copper content of the material of the ultra-fine wire is more than 55%, more preferably the copper content of the ultra-fine wire is more than 85%, still more preferably more than 90%. Preferably, the wire guiding material of the ultra-micro wire is pure copper.
The preferable technical scheme is that the first preset pressurizing value in the S2 is 8-11 MPa. Further, the first predetermined pressurization value is 10 to 11MPa.
The furnace body device has slight deformation due to the influence of temperature and pressurization, and the deformation of the furnace body device is reduced and the service life of the furnace body device is prolonged through the gradient pressurization comprising a first preset pressurization value and a second preset pressurization value.
The preferable technical scheme is that the ultra-fine wire in the step S3 is cooled to 0-10 ℃ and then is wound. Further, the temperature of the ultra-fine wire is reduced to 0 to 6 ℃, preferably 3+ -1 ℃.
The preferable technical scheme is that the step S3 includes:
s31: removing the limiting piece, connecting the wire guiding and wire collecting mechanism, and pulling the wire guiding and collecting until the wire guiding joint is collected into the wire collecting mechanism;
s32: the ultra-micro wire in the upward crystallizer automatically moves upward, and the wire collecting mechanism does not have tension to collect the subsequent wire of the wire collecting connector.
The preferable technical proposal is that the S2 also comprises the steps of preheating, heat preservation and impurity removal before furnace burden melting, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃, and preferably 100-130 ℃.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the copper or copper alloy ultra-micro wire upward guiding device has reasonable structure, the wire material seals the die hole of the upward guiding crystallizer in the process of melting furnace burden by the pressurized melting furnace, inert gas leakage and heat dissipation of the melting furnace are reduced, the probability of upward heating the wire by furnace gas is reduced, meanwhile, the wire is prevented from being ejected out of the die hole by molten metal, the shape of the wire in the die hole of the upward guiding crystallizer is favorably maintained, and the success rate of the wire guiding is improved;
compared with the prior art for producing the ultra-micro wire by wire drawing, the ultra-micro wire drawing production process has the advantages of reasonable steps, low processing difficulty and low loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a copper or copper alloy microfilament lifting apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the upper crystallizer and the wire gate valve in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-drawing apparatus;
in the figure: 1. a pressurized smelting furnace; 11. a furnace shell; 12. a furnace cover; 13. an inert gas inlet; 14. a pressure relief port; 15. a graphite crucible; 16. a heating wire; 17. a vacuum pumping assembly; 2. introducing a crystallizer upwards; 21. a core tube; 22. a cooling jacket; 23. a guide cover; 3. a wire winding mechanism; 31. a godet wheel; 32. a tension sensor; 33. a traction wheel; 34. an infrared sensor; 4. and a wire guiding gate valve.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The directional terms appearing in the following description are all directions shown in the drawings and do not limit the specific structure of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be understood as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art.
Limiting piece
The limiting piece is used for limiting the wire guiding in the die hole of the upward crystallizer, and comprises but is not limited to a limiting piece directly connected with the upward crystallizer, such as a wire guiding gate valve, a sealing cover and the like which are directly connected with the upward crystallizer, or the wire outlet end of the upward crystallizer is provided with other connecting pieces, guiding pieces and the like for threading wires, and the limiting piece is connected with the connecting pieces or the guiding pieces and the like. In addition, the technical effect of limiting the guide wire in the die hole of the upper guide crystallizer can be achieved by arranging the wire storage counter bore between the limiting pieces connected with the upper guide crystallizer and utilizing the wire storage counter bore to place the winding aggregate of the guide wire.
The wire guiding is limited in the die hole of the upper guiding crystallizer to form a structure for blocking the die hole, so that the probability of continuous upward movement of furnace gas caused by high pressure in the pressurized smelting furnace to melt or soften the wire in the die hole is reduced, and the heat exchange amount of cooling the wire in the upper guiding crystallizer is reduced.
The connection relationship of the limiting piece and the upward crystallizer comprises, but is not limited to, fixed connection or removable and detachable split connection. Taking a threading gate valve as an example, the valve core in the threading gate valve flow channel has a sealing effect, or a sealing cover arranged at the threading end of the threading gate valve can be removed. The limiting piece and the connecting structure related to the limiting piece meet the functional requirements of pressurizing and heating the melting furnace burden after the guide wire is inserted into the upward crystallizer, reducing gas and heat loss and plugging the ultra-micro wire into the die hole of the upward crystallizer.
The stopper is further preferably a die hole seal of the up-draw mold, which is desirable for sealing the die hole, including but not limited to a die hole seal directly connected to the up-draw mold. The guide wire is inserted into the die hole, the limiting piece axially limits the guide wire to have a certain die hole blocking effect, but a certain degree of air leakage phenomenon exists, the die hole sealing piece achieves a complete sealing effect, and compared with the limiting piece axially limits the guide wire, the die hole sealing piece can improve the probability of leading out subsequent wires by the guide wire.
Cooling piece
The cooling element is arranged in the upward crystallizer, and is usually a cooling sleeve with perforations, a wire passes through the tube side, and a cooling medium passes through the shell side. The cooling medium of the cooling member includes, but is not limited to, liquid nitrogen, water cooling, saline solution, and the like. The liquid cooling medium shell side of the cooling member is also in communication with a refrigeration device such as a water chiller or the like. The cooling medium is specifically selected according to the cooling temperature of the ultra-fine wire. The basic action of the cooling element promotes solidification of the molten metal in the up-draw crystallizer into ultra-fine filaments. Further, the temperature of the ultra-micro wire is reduced to 0-10 ℃ for winding, (preferably 0-6 ℃, more preferably 3+/-1 ℃), so that the tensile strength of the ultra-micro wire can be improved, and the problems of wire breakage, wire dislocation, uneven wire strength distribution and the like caused by wire winding traction or wire corner of the ultra-micro wire can be solved.
The cooling of the ultra-micro wire is realized by a cooling part in the upward crystallizer, and the cooling of the ultra-micro wire can also be realized by a recooling part between the upward crystallizer and the wire collecting mechanism. Preferably, the ultra-fine wire is cooled to 0-10 ℃ by an up-draw crystallizer or cooled to 0-10 ℃ by a sub-cooling element connected to the wire outlet end of the up-draw crystallizer. The structure can reduce the influence of the change of the ambient temperature and the temperature of the ultra-micro wire, the temperature of the wire is reduced in a gradient manner, and the problems of wire breakage, uneven wire strength distribution and the like are solved. The cooling piece in the upward crystallizer is used for blocking the influence of furnace gas on the cooling piece, and the temperature fluctuation of the cooling piece is smaller.
Yarn guiding joint
The wire guiding means a wire penetrating into the die hole of the upper crystallizer before upper guiding and is used for guiding out melted furnace burden in the furnace body, the joint of the wire guiding and the end part of the condensed wire of the furnace burden is a wire guiding joint, the tensile strength of the wire guiding joint is lower than that of normal wire guiding and the wire guiding joint following wire, and the wire is easy to break. The material of the guide wire is preferably pure copper, the pure copper has good toughness, in the molten metal condensation section of the upper guide crystallizer, the end part of the guide wire is melted and mixed with melted furnace burden, the toughness of a guide wire joint is improved, and the probability of using the guide wire to lead out subsequent wire materials is improved.
After the wire guide connector is collected in the wire collecting mechanism, under the conditions of preset pressure and preset smelting temperature, the ultra-micro wire automatically ascends through the upward crystallizer, and the tension-free traction can further reduce the strength tolerance of the wire.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the structure of the ultra-fine wire up-feeding production apparatus includes: the device is communicated with an inert gas source and comprises a pressurized smelting furnace 1, an upward crystallizer 2, a wire collecting mechanism 3 and a limiting piece;
the pressurized smelting furnace 1 comprises a furnace shell 11 with a bottom wall and a bottom wall, a furnace cover 12 is arranged at an opening of the furnace shell 11 in a removable manner, feeding can be performed by opening the furnace cover, an inert gas inlet 13 is arranged on the furnace shell 11 and the furnace cover 12, a pressure relief opening 14 is arranged on the furnace cover 12, the pressure relief opening 14 is communicated with a pressure relief valve, a temperature sensor is arranged on the inner surface of the furnace cover to set the furnace temperature, an upward crystallizer 2 is connected with the furnace cover 12 in a penetrating manner, and a cooling jacket of the upward crystallizer 2 is arranged above the furnace cover 12; a graphite crucible 15 is arranged in the inner cavity of the furnace shell 11, a heating element such as a heating wire 16 is arranged outside the graphite crucible 15, the furnace shell 11 is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is connected with a vacuumizing assembly 17;
the upward crystallizer 2 comprises a core tube 21 and a cooling jacket 22, wherein the mold holes are axially butted, the core tube 21 and the furnace cover 12 are connected in a penetrating way and extend into the furnace chamber, the cooling jacket 22 is arranged outside the pressurized smelting furnace, the wire outlet end of the upward crystallizer 2 is the wire outlet end of the cooling jacket 22, the end part of the core tube, which is positioned in the graphite crucible 15, is provided with a guide cover 23 for stabilizing flow, the feed inlet of the core tube 21 is arranged in the inner cavity of the guide cover 23, and the guide cover 23 is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the inner cavity. I.e. reducing the probability of intermittent feeding of the core tube caused by the flow of the molten metal; the feed inlet of the core tube is in a shape of a Raman port.
The wire winding mechanism 3 comprises a wire winding assembly, two wire guide wheels 31 arranged on the feeding side of the wire winding assembly, and a tension sensor 32 arranged between the wire guide wheels 31; the wire winding mechanism 3 is provided with a traction wheel 33 for actively traction the ultra-microfilaments;
the limiting piece is a threading gate valve 4, the threading gate valve 4 is provided with a runner for accommodating threading and a valve plate for stopping the runner, the runner is in butt joint communication with a die hole of the upper threading crystallizer 2, alternatively, the butt joint means that the holes are opposite and communicated, and friction between the ultra-micro wire and the side wall of the runner is controlled to be small, so that surface damage of the ultra-micro wire is avoided, and discharge resistance of the ultra-micro wire is reduced.
The feeding material of the pressurized smelting furnace 1 is pure copper, and the melting point of the copper is 1083 ℃; the examples all lead up ultra-micro wires with the diameter of 0.05mm, and the lead wires are pure copper wires.
The ultra-microfilament up-leading production process comprises the following steps:
s1: the upper guide crystallizer is inserted with guide wires, the guide wires are made of the same material as furnace burden, the guide wires extend into a cooling jacket 22, a core tube 21 and an inner cavity of the guide hood of the upper guide crystallizer through a guide wire gate valve, and the guide wire gate valve 4 is closed to axially limit the guide wires to move upwards;
s2: feeding in a pressurized smelting furnace, vacuumizing to replace air in the pressurized smelting furnace, charging inert gas into a furnace chamber to a first preset pressurizing value M, starting a cooling jacket 22, starting a heating wire 16 to heat and melt furnace burden, raising the furnace temperature to a preset smelting temperature T1 higher than the melting point of the furnace burden, and preserving heat and smelting for 5 hours;
s3: pressurizing the inside of the pressurizing smelting furnace to a second preset pressurizing value N, opening the threading gate valve 4, connecting the threading and wire collecting mechanism 3, and keeping the preset traction force Fthreading and wire collecting.
As shown in fig. 3, in another embodiment, an infrared sensor 34 is disposed between the godet wheels 31 of the winding assembly, no traction wheel is disposed, and the sensor is used to detect the tension of the ultra-fine wire and/or the allowance of the ultra-fine wire on the feeding side of the winding assembly, for example, the infrared sensor 34, so as to control the step of switching between the tension winding state and the tension-free winding state S3 of the winding mechanism 3 is as follows:
s31: opening a wire guiding gate valve 4, connecting a wire guiding mechanism and a wire collecting mechanism, and keeping a preset traction force F for guiding and collecting wires until a wire guiding joint is collected into the wire collecting mechanism;
s32: when the ultra-fine wires in the upward crystallizer automatically go upward, and the ultra-fine wires between the godet wheels 31 are parabolic with upward openings, the inflection point of the parabola reaches a lower value of a preset height, the infrared sensor is triggered, the wire winding mechanism 3 is driven to start winding or speed up the winding, the inflection point of the parabola reaches a higher value of the preset height, the infrared sensor is triggered, and the winding is stopped until no tension exists or the winding speed is reduced.
In another embodiment, the step S2 also comprises the steps of preheating, preserving heat and removing impurities before the furnace burden is melted, wherein the preheating temperature is T2, and preserving heat for 1h.
The process results of the ultra-microwire prepared in the embodiment are detected:
1. counting the number of times of wire breakage of a single furnace;
2. weighing Shan Lu ultrafine wire yield, taking 2.5kg continuous ultrafine wires as a disc at most, and re-coiling when the wires are broken, wherein the capacity is calculated according to the total mass of the coiled ultrafine wires;
3. randomly selecting 30 positions of the same-furnace ultrafine wires, detecting the tensile strength of the ultrafine wires by adopting a tensile testing machine, and calculating the extremely poor tensile strength of the same ultrafine wire;
4. randomly selecting 30 positions of the same-furnace ultrafine wires, measuring the diameters of the ultrafine wires, calculating the wire diameter tolerance, and judging whether the ultrafine wires are qualified according to the following evaluation grades: the line diameter tolerance is less than or equal to 0.0002, and is qualified; the line diameter tolerance is larger than 0.0002, and the line diameter is unqualified;
influence of process steps and process parameters on production of ultrafine wires:
1. the effect of the process parameters T1, T2 and N on the upward production of the ultra-fine wires in the examples and comparative examples is shown in the following table (in the following table, the wire drawing joint is drawn and wound up before 70CN, the wire drawing joint is wound up without tension after being wound up in a wire winding mechanism; the furnace burden of a single furnace is 300kg; the "-means that the preheating, the heat preservation and the impurity removal are not carried out):
the preheating, heat-preserving and impurity-removing steps are arranged in the examples 2-4 and 6-8, and the service life of the graphite crucible is prolonged compared with that of the corresponding examples 1 and 5. Examples 1 and 5, after stopping the furnace, part of impurities adhere to the side wall of the crucible, which affects the cleaning process and damages the crucible when the impurities are difficult to remove.
The productivity of comparative examples 1-2 was "-" indicating that normal threading was not possible, the breakage frequency of comparative examples 3 and 4 was too high, and the production efficiency was too low.
2. Examples 9-10 (process parameters based on example 8) influence of process parameters M and N on the threading process in the ultra-fine wire threading production process:
3. the process parameters of examples 11-14 (constant tension take-up) and example 15 (constant tension followed by no tension take-up) are based on example 8, with the values before "/" in "F" representing the tension value of the constant tension take-up, and "/" 0 "after" representing no tension take-up, the take-up mode affecting the ultra-fine wire performance (very poor strength, wire diameter tolerance) as follows:
compared with the first examples 11-14 with constant tension, the ultra-fine wire in the example 15 has extremely poor strength and obviously reduced wire diameter tolerance, and the ultra-fine wire product has qualified wire diameter tolerance.
Example 16: the copper-silver alloy furnace burden (copper 98% silver 2%) is used as a raw material for wire drawing, the process and technological parameters are the same as those of example 8, pure copper wires are used as the wire drawing, the wire breaking times of a single furnace are 1 time, and the productivity of the single furnace is 258.5kg; the strength is extremely poor at 7.1Mpa, and the line diameter tolerance is 0.0001mm.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A copper or copper alloy ultra-micro wire up-leading production process, which is characterized in that based on copper or copper alloy ultra-micro wire up-leading equipment, the copper or copper alloy ultra-micro wire up-leading equipment comprises:
the pressurized smelting furnace is communicated with an inert gas source and is provided with a feed inlet and a pressure relief opening;
the feeding end of the upward crystallizer is arranged in a furnace chamber of the pressurized smelting furnace, the wire outlet end of the upward crystallizer is arranged outside the pressurized smelting furnace, and a die hole and a cooling piece for cooling and exchanging heat with the material in the die hole are arranged;
the wire collecting mechanism is used for collecting the ultra-microfilaments;
the limiting piece is removably connected with the upper guide crystallizer and is used for axially limiting the guide wire penetrating through the upper guide crystallizer;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: inserting a guide wire into the upward guide crystallizer, connecting a limiting piece with the upward guide crystallizer, and axially limiting the guide wire to ascend;
s2: feeding in a pressurized smelting furnace, filling inert gas to a first preset pressurizing value after replacing air in the pressurized smelting furnace, starting a cooling piece, heating and smelting furnace burden, raising the furnace temperature to a preset smelting temperature higher than the melting point of the furnace burden, and carrying out heat preservation smelting;
s3: pressurizing the inside of the pressurizing smelting furnace to a second preset pressurizing value, removing the limiting piece, connecting the wire guiding and wire collecting mechanism, and dragging the wire guiding and wire collecting;
the wire diameter of the ultra-micro wire is 0.02-0.1 mm, and the second preset pressurizing value is 13-15 MPa; the temperature difference between the preset smelting temperature in the step S2 and the melting point of the main alloy component copper of the furnace burden is 60-100 ℃;
the wire winding mechanism is provided with a switchable tension wire winding state and a tension-free wire winding state; the tension wire-collecting state is used for collecting the wire and the wire-guiding joint, and the tension-free wire-collecting state is used for collecting the subsequent wire of the wire-guiding joint.
2. The copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-draw production process according to claim 1, wherein the stopper is a die hole seal of the up-draw crystallizer.
3. The copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-draw production process according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized smelting furnace comprises:
the furnace shell is provided with a furnace cover in a removable way, the furnace shell and/or the furnace cover is provided with an inert gas inlet and a pressure relief opening, and the upward crystallizer is connected with the furnace cover in a penetrating way;
the graphite crucible is arranged in the inner cavity of the furnace shell;
and a heating element for heating the graphite crucible.
4. The copper or copper alloy microfilament up-draw production process of claim 1 wherein said microfilament has a copper content of 55% or more.
5. The copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-drawing production process according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined pressurization value in S2 is 8 to 11.5MPa.
6. The copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-drawing production process according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-fine wire in the step S3 is cooled to 0-10 ℃ and then is wound.
7. The copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-draw production process according to claim 1, wherein S3 comprises:
s31: removing the limiting piece, connecting the wire guiding and wire collecting mechanism, and pulling the wire guiding and collecting until the wire guiding joint is collected into the wire collecting mechanism;
s32: the ultra-micro wire in the upward crystallizer automatically moves upward, and the wire collecting mechanism does not have tension to collect the subsequent wire of the wire collecting connector.
8. The copper or copper alloy ultra-fine wire up-drawing production process according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises preheating, heat preservation and impurity removal before furnace burden melting, and the preheating temperature is 100-150 ℃.
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Denomination of invention: A copper or copper alloy ultrafine wire up drawing equipment and up drawing production process Granted publication date: 20240112 Pledgee: Zhejiang Tailong Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Hangzhou Jiande sub branch Pledgor: Hangzhou Aoyu Metal Products Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024330000159 |
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