CN113852296B - Double-stage bistable structure with elastic collision function - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/183—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using impacting bodies
Abstract
The invention relates to a two-stage bistable structure with elastic collision function, comprising: the base is arranged on the frame in a sliding manner; two ends of the first elastic piece are fixedly connected with the frame and the base respectively; the base is fixedly arranged on the frame; the coil is arranged in the base; the internal resistance is electrically connected with the coil to form a closed loop; both ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected with the base; the magnet is arranged on the guide rod in a sliding way; the highest end of the second elastic piece is hinged on the fixing piece, the lowest end of the second elastic piece is hinged on the magnet, the second elastic piece is in a compressed state when in a vertical state and is mutually overlapped with the vertical axis of the magnet, two third elastic pieces are symmetrically arranged about the second elastic piece in the vertical state, one end of each third elastic piece is fixedly connected with the base, the third elastic pieces are in a horizontal state and are mutually overlapped with the horizontal axis of the magnet, and elastic collision is introduced through the third elastic pieces so as to improve the cross-trap vibration amplitude and broadband, so that the vibration energy collection efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of double-stage bistable structures, in particular to a double-stage bistable structure with an elastic collision function.
Background
The nonlinear vibrator structure has larger kinetic energy under external excitation (see literature Liu C, jing X. Non linear vibration energy harvesting with adjustable stiffness, damping and inertia [ J ]. Nonlinear Dynamics,2017,88 (1): 79-95), and has larger amplitude dynamic response in a wider frequency band. The structural dynamic response can be converted into electrical energy by an electromechanical conversion material (e.g., a piezoelectric material), and thus the use of Nonlinear vibrators as vibration energy harvesters is a recent research focus (see document Yuan T, yang J, chen L Q. Nonlinear characteristic of acircular composite plate energy harvester: experiments and simulations [ J ]. Nonlinear Dynamics,2017,90 (4): 2495-2506, and incorporated by reference document Daqaq M F.on intentional introduction of stiffness nonlinearities for energy harvesting under white Gaussian excitations [ J ]. Nonlinear dynamics.2012,69 (3): 1063-1079). Among them, a nonlinear vibrator structure with a double potential energy well is attracting attention of researchers (see, yu N, ma H, wu C, et al, modeling and experimental investigation of a novel bistable two-devine-of-freedom electromagnetic energy harvester [ J ] Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2021,156 (1): 107608, and incorporated by reference, zhang Xuhui, lai Zhengpeng, wu et al, theoretical modeling and experimental study of novel bistable piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting systems [ J ]. Vibration engineering theory, 2019, 32 (1): 87-96, incorporated by reference, sun Shu, cao Shuqian, response analysis of bistable piezoelectric power generation systems under white noise excitation [ J ]. Piezoelectric and acousto-optic, 2015, 37 (6): 969-972, 977). The structure exhibits a "negative stiffness" characteristic, there are two symmetrically distributed stable equilibrium positions, and the structure is therefore referred to as a bistable structure. When subjected to a certain degree of external excitation, the bistable structure exhibits special cross-well vibration, i.e. the vibrator mass "jumps" greatly between two stable equilibrium positions (see document Yang Kai, su Kewei. Potential well depth adjustable bistable circuit and its application in structural monitoring [ J ]. Vibration engineering journal, 2018, 31 (5), 862-869). The mechanical phenomenon is beneficial to improving the working bandwidth of vibration utilization, improving the vibration amplitude of the structure and further improving the efficiency of converting vibration energy into electric energy.
The nonlinear vibration energy collection of bistable structures is intensively studied by students at home and abroad. For example, yang et al (see, yang K, wang J, yurchenko D.A double-beam piezo-magnetic-elastic wind energy harvester for improving the galloping-based energy harvesting [ J ]. Applied Physics Letters,2019,115 (19), 193901) and Wang et al (see, wang J, geng L, yang K, et al dynamics of the double-beam piezo-magnetic-elastic nonlinear wind energy harvester exhibiting galloping-based vibration [ J ]. Nonlinear Dynamics,2020,100 (3): 1963-1983) studied the problem of wind-induced vibration energy harvesting mechanism based on bistable piezoelectric beam structure. Zhou et al (see, zhou S, cao J, erturk A, et al enhanced broadband piezoelectric energy harvesting using rotatable magnets [ J ]. Applied Physics Letters,2013,102 (17): 173901) and Erturk et al (see, erturk A, inman D J. Broadband piezoelectric power generation on high-energy orbits of the bistable Duffing oscillator with electromechanical coupling [ J ]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2011,330 (10): 2339-2353) have studied the energy harvesting performance of magnetically bistable piezoelectric structures and have provided structural improvements to enhance the bandwidth of vibration across the trap. Harne et al (see literature, cai W, harne R.vibration energy harvesters with optimized geometry, design, and nonlinearity for robust direct current power delivery [ J ]. Smart Materials and Structures 2019,28 (7): 075040) studied the problem of optimizing bistable trapezoidal piezoelectric energy harvesting devices and proposed to improve the cross-trap vibration characteristics of vibrators by parameter optimization, thereby improving energy harvesting performance.
On the other hand, the scholars find that the introduction of an elastic collision mechanism can effectively improve the vibration characteristics of the bistable vibrator, for example, lan Chunbo and Qin Weiyang introduce elastic collision on the bistable piezoelectric beam and the structural frame, so that the cross-trap vibration performance of the vibrator is improved (refer to documents, lan Chunbo and Qin Weiyang. The energy harvesting characteristic study of the bistable piezoelectric energy harvesting system with collision [ J ]. Physical school, 2015,64 (21): 210501), zhou et al (refer to documents, zhou S, cao J, inman D J, et al. Impulse-induced high-energy orbits of nonlinear energy harvesters [ J ]. Applied Physics Letters,2015 and 106 (9): 093901) are added with a spring ball structure on the structural frame, so that the end part of the bistable piezoelectric beam can collide with the spring ball, and the energy harvesting performance of the bistable piezoelectric beam is further improved. However, these studies only consider the elastic impact between the bistable structure of single degree of freedom and the fixed bracket, and do not study the kinetic effect of the elastic impact on the bistable structure of two stages. The learner finds that the serial structure is formed by introducing additional linear degrees of freedom into the bistable structure system, so that the cross-trap vibration response of the bistable structure can be further enhanced, and the vibration energy collection efficiency of the structure is improved. For example, harne et al (see literature, harne R L, thota M, wang K W.Bistable energy harvesting enhancement with an auxiliary linear oscillator [ J ]. Smart Materials and Structures,2013,22 (12): 125028) and Wu et al (see literature, wu Z, harne R L, wang K W.energy harvester synthesis via coupled linear-bistable system with multistable dynamics [ J ]. Journal of Applied Mechanics-Transactions of The ASME,2014,81 (6): 061005) studied a dual stage bistable energy harvester consisting of a linear structure and a bistable nonlinear structure, and experimentally verified the effect of additional linear degrees of freedom on the enhancement of bistable cross-trap vibrational response. The subject group studied the nonlinear vibration behavior of two combined two-stage bistable structures in detail, and further verified that the two-degree-of-freedom structure was able to significantly enhance the bandwidth and amplitude of the cross-trap vibration response (see, yang K, zhou Q. Robust optimization of a dual-stage bistable nonlinear vibration energy harvester considering parametric uncertainties [ J ]. Smart Materials and Structures,2019,28 (11): 115018, and incorporated literature, zhang J, li X, feng X, et al, A novel electromagnetic bistable vibration energy harvester with an elastic boundary: numerical and experimental study [ J ]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2021,160 (1): 107937). These studies suggest that if the elastic collision is introduced into the bistable structure with two degrees of freedom, the two advantages of the elastic collision and the two degrees of freedom can be combined, the cross-trap vibration characteristic of the bistable nonlinear structure is improved, and the vibration energy collection efficiency is improved.
In light of the research work in the above literature, the present application proposes a bi-level bistable structure containing elastic impact. Through the collision effect, the large-amplitude cross-trap vibration response of the two-stage bistable structure is obviously enhanced, and the vibration energy acquisition performance of the two-stage bistable structure is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a double-stage bistable structure with an elastic collision function, and the elastic collision is introduced through a third elastic piece so as to improve the cross-trap vibration amplitude and the broadband, thereby improving the vibration energy collection efficiency.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a two-stage bistable structure having elastic collision function, comprising:
a base;
a frame slidably disposed on the base;
the two ends of the first elastic piece are fixedly connected with the frame and the base respectively;
the base is fixedly arranged on the frame;
a coil disposed within the base;
the internal resistance is electrically connected with the coil to form a closed loop;
the two ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected with the base;
the magnet is arranged on the guide rod in a sliding manner;
the highest end of the second elastic piece is hinged to the frame, the lowest end of the second elastic piece is hinged to the magnet, and the second elastic piece is in a compressed state when in a vertical state and is mutually overlapped with the vertical axis of the magnet;
the two third elastic pieces are symmetrically arranged about the second elastic piece in a vertical state, one end of each third elastic piece is fixedly connected with the base, and the third elastic pieces are in a horizontal state and mutually coincide with the horizontal axis of the magnet.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the distances between the free ends of the two third elastic pieces and the second elastic piece in the vertical state are respectively b 1 And b 2 The b is 1 And said b 2 Equal to or less than 0.032m is equal to or less than b 1 ≤0.034m。
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the base comprises a transverse plate and a vertical plate, wherein the transverse plate is fixedly arranged on the vibration exciter, the vertical plate is fixedly arranged on the transverse plate, a sliding block is integrally formed at the bottom of the frame, and the sliding block is arranged on the transverse plate in a sliding manner.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the first elastic piece, the second elastic piece and the third elastic piece are all springs.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the base comprises a bottom plate and two fixing seats, the bottom plate penetrates through the frame, the two fixing seats are fixedly arranged at two ends of the bottom plate and symmetrically arranged relative to the bottom plate, and one end of the third elastic piece is fixedly connected with the fixing seats.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the magnet is rotationally connected with a first rotating shaft, the top of the frame is rotationally connected with a second rotating shaft, and two ends of the second elastic piece are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft respectively.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the two-stage bistable structure is applied to the field of energy acquisition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(one): the bi-level bistable structure has significant advantages in terms of energy harvesting. Meanwhile, by introducing elastic collision, the large-amplitude cross-trap vibration response of the two-stage bistable structure can be obviously enhanced, so that the vibration energy collection efficiency of the system is improved. Wherein the amplitude is 3.3m/s 2 The base acceleration excitation of (a) increases the bandwidth by 1150.0% (more than 10 times), and the maximum power is increased by 168.2%.
(II): in the case of the structural parameters of this example, when the distance b between the spring end and the center line 1 ，b 2 When=0.032 m, the structure has the best energy harvesting effect. .
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a bi-level bistable structure incorporating a spring-loaded impact of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a dual stage bistable structure incorporating a spring crash action in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the internal structure of a bi-level bistable structure incorporating a flexible impact of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a=3.3 m/s 2 During the process, a simulation and experiment comparison result diagram of the collision-free double-stage bistable structure is obtained;
fig. 5 is a=3.3 m/s 2 When the two-stage bistable structure is collided under 2-12 Hz forward sweep frequency simple harmonic excitation, the output power comparison graph of the two-stage bistable structure without collision and the single-stage bistable structure is introduced;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the output power with the distance b between the spring end and the center line in a symmetrical arrangement at 2-12 Hz 1 ，b 2 Is a variation of (c).
In the figure: 1. a vibration exciter; 2. a base; 21. a cross plate; 22. a riser; 3. a frame; 31. a slide block; 4. a first elastic member; 5. a base; 51. a bottom plate; 52. a fixing seat; 6. a coil; 7. internal resistance; 8. a guide rod; 9. a magnet; 10. a second elastic member; 11. a third elastic member; 12. a first rotating shaft; 13. and a second rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical content, constructional features, achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following examples are given by way of example and are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in one aspect, an embodiment:
the present invention provides a two-stage bistable structure with elastic collision function, please refer to fig. 2 in combination with fig. 3, comprising:
in the vibration exciter 1, a transverse plate 21 is fixedly arranged at the top of the vibration exciter 1, a vertical plate 22 is fixedly arranged at the right side of the transverse plate 21, a sliding block 31 is connected to the transverse plate 21 in a sliding manner, a spring is connected between the transverse plate 21 and the sliding block 31, a frame 3 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 31, a bottom plate 51 penetrates through the frame 3 and is fixedly connected with the frame 3, two fixing seats 52 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the top of the bottom plate 51 and are symmetrically arranged relative to the bottom plate 51, two ends of a guide rod 8 are respectively fixedly connected with the two fixing seats 52, a magnet 9 penetrates through the guide rod 8, the two springs are also sleeved on the guide rod 8, wherein the ends of the two springs are respectively fixedly connected with the fixing seats 52, the other ends of the two springs are not connected with the magnet 9, a first rotating shaft 12 is rotationally connected with the top of the frame 3, and two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 13;
notably, are: the springs connected with the fixing seat 52 are in a horizontal state, when the springs connected with the second rotating shaft 13 are in a vertical state, the springs are in a compressed state, two springs sleeved on the guide rod 8 are symmetrically arranged, a coil 6 is arranged in the bottom plate, and the coil 6 is electrically connected with the internal resistor 7 to form a closed loop.
Basic principle: referring to fig. 1, the collision two-stage bistable structure is a two-degree-of-freedom serial structure composed of a bistable nonlinear stage (upper slider portion) and a linear stage (lower slider portion). The bistable nonlinear stage consists of a magnet 9 (the mass of the magnet 9 is m 1 ) Inclined spring (stiffness k) 0 Original length l 0 ). The magnet 9 can reciprocate along the horizontal direction in the drawing on the track full of coils, so that the kinetic energy is converted into electric energy through the electromagnetic induction principle, and the energy collection is realized. The magnet 9 has a horizontal dimension of 2l, and the connection position of the inclined spring and the magnet 9 is positioned at the center of the upper surface of the magnet 9. The vertical distance from the connection position of the oblique spring and the bistable nonlinear stage frame 3 to the connection position of the spring and the magnet 9 is h 0 . By adjusting h 0 So that h 0 ＜l 0 The canted spring is then compressed at the centerline position, pushing the magnet 9 away, creating two static equilibrium positions symmetrical about the centerline, i.e., bistable nonlinearity. Springs are respectively arranged on two sides of the central line of the bistable stage frame 3, and the spring stiffness is k respectively s1 、k s2 An additional linear damping coefficient of c s1 、c s2 . The distance between the spring end and the central line is b 1 、b 2 . When the two sides of the magnet 9 collide with the spring k during vibration s1 Or k s2 Elasticity can occurCollision, thereby affecting the law of motion of the magnet 9. The bistable stage frame is formed by horizontally arranged springs (stiffness k 2 Damping c 2 ) And the slide block 31 guide rail mechanism is connected with the base 2 to form a second degree of freedom of the system: a linear stage. Mass m of linear stage 2 From the slide 31 and bistable stage frame 3.
When the base of the impact dual-stage bistable structure vibrates, the bistable and linear stages of vibration are excited respectively, causing the magnet 9 to vibrate on the track full of coils. The vibration is converted into current by electromagnetic induction and is loaded on a load resistor R L And (3) finishing the energy collection process. The structure utilizes two physical mechanisms of a double-degree-of-freedom structure and elastic collision respectively, and enhances the cross-trap vibration response (namely enhances the large-amplitude vibration response of the magnet 9 of the system which reciprocates across the central line) so as to improve the energy collection efficiency.
The vibration mechanics equation is established as follows: as shown in FIG. 1, define x as magnet m 1 Offset from the centre line, y being the spring k 2 And z is the base vibration excitation displacement. The kinetic energy and potential energy of the system are respectively as follows:
let c 1 And c 2 Respectively m 1 Linear damping coefficient and spring k applied during movement 2 The dissipation function of the system is:
the generalized force works as follows:
δQ＝-(F impact +ΓI)δx ( 4 )
wherein Γ is the electromagnetic conversion coefficient (unitElectromagnetic force generated by coil current), I is current. F (F) impact Is the equivalent impact force caused by elastic impact:
the vibration mechanics equation of the collision double-stage bistable structure can be deduced by using the Lagrange equation containing the dissipation function. The equation expression is as follows:
if the inductance L and the internal resistance of the coil are R, the coil is connected with a load resistor R L In the above, the following electrical equation is satisfied:
the power of the vibration energy harvesting is:
P＝I 2 R L (9)
experimental verification of a two-stage bistable structure mechanical model:
the body mechanical model (model without elastic collision) of the two-stage bistable structure in the formulas (6) (7) was experimentally verified. The structural device is arranged on the vibration exciter, and the structural base generates continuous acceleration excitation through the vibration exciter, namelyMeasuring excitation m using acceleration sensor 1 、m 2 Is free of coil and elastic collisions in the experimental structure, so Γ=0, F impact =0. Excitation by using sweep frequency acceleration: omega = 2-12 Hz, sweep speed 0.025Hz/s. The excitation amplitude is:A＝5.5m/s 2 . The experimental parameters were as follows: m is m 1 ＝0.092kg，m 2 =0.737 kg, bistable natural frequency Loss factor gamma 1 ＝c 1 /m 1 ω 0 Approximately 0.05, natural frequency of linear stage Loss factor gamma 2 ＝c 1 /m 2 ω 2 ≈0.11。l 0 ＝0.098m，h 0 ＝0.096m。
The experimental and simulation results are shown in fig. 4. The experimental results contained forward and reverse sweep results at 2-12 Hz. Ordinate isIs magnet m 1 The transmission ratio (decibel) of the acceleration amplitude to the excitation amplitude. The results show that the simulation and experimental results are very consistent, and the main body mechanical model of the two-stage bistable structure is verified. The result also shows that the forward sweep frequency is easier to excite the large-amplitude vibration of the system, which is beneficial to energy collection. Therefore, in subsequent studies of the present application, only the forward sweep result was considered.
To further illustrate the importance of the spring-loaded impact, the following compares the performance of a bistable two-stage structure with spring impact, a bistable two-stage structure without spring impact:
fig. 5 shows the output power of a two-stage bistable structure with and without collisions under 2-12 Hz forward swept excitation. Wherein the excitation amplitude a=3.3 m/s of fig. 5 2 . The parameters used in the simulation are basically the same as those of the experiment, and other simulation parameters are as follows: coil inductance l=0.005H, internal resistance r=1Ω, load resistanceR L Distance b between spring end and center line =5Ω 1 ，b 2 =0.032 m, the linear damping coefficient c of the collision spring s1 ，c s2 =0.05ns/m, stiffness k s1 ，k s2 =1000n/m, mover geometry l=0.01m. The calculated threshold for the effective operating bandwidth is defined herein as 25% of the peak maximum, i.e. the power exceeds 25% x 0.059W (a=3.3 m/s 2 ). When excitation amplitude a=3.3 m/s 2 When the collision double-stage bistable structure has peak power of 0.059W and effective bandwidth of 4.30-9.55 Hz, the peak power and the effective bandwidth are respectively increased by 168.2 percent and 1150.0 percent compared with those of the double-stage bistable structure without collision, so that the performance of collecting effective vibration energy (namely the vibration energy collecting efficiency) of the system can be obviously improved by introducing elastic collision.
Further, to illustrate the performance impact of impact location on vibration energy harvesting, the following simulation work was done:
three elastic crash arrangements were studied: b 1 ，b 2 =0.028, 0.030,0.032m (distance is small, structure can collide sufficiently), b 1 ，b 2 =0.034m (structural collision occurrence randomness) and b 1 ，b 2 =0.036m (distance is large, structure hardly collides). Wherein excitation amplitude a=3.3 m/s 2 Under the forward sweep frequency simple harmonic excitation of 2-12 Hz, the output power of the collision two-stage bistable structure follows b 1 ，b 2 The variation of (2) is shown in figure 6. The comparison result of the three shows that under the condition of adopting the structural parameters of the example, the distance b between the collision spring end and the central line 1 ，b 2 =0.032 m, the best energy harvesting effect can be obtained.
To sum up:
the application has the following benefits through the lifting effect of the elastic collision effect on the vibration energy acquisition of the two-stage bistable structure:
(1) The bi-level bistable structure has significant advantages in terms of energy harvesting. Meanwhile, by introducing elastic collision, the large-amplitude cross-trap vibration response of the two-stage bistable structure can be obviously enhanced, so that the vibration energy collection efficiency of the system is improved.Wherein the amplitude is 3.3m/s 2 The base acceleration excitation of (a) increases the bandwidth by 1150.0% (more than 10 times), and the maximum power is increased by 168.2%.
(2) In the case of the structural parameters of this example, when the distance b between the spring end and the center line 1 ，b 2 When=0.032 m, the structure has the best energy harvesting effect.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A bi-level bistable structure comprising an elastic crash action, comprising:
a base (2);
a frame (3) slidably disposed on the base (2);
the two ends of the first elastic piece (4) are fixedly connected with the frame (3) and the base (2) respectively;
the base (5) is fixedly arranged on the frame (3);
a coil (6) disposed within the base (5);
an internal resistance (7) electrically connected with the coil (6) to form a closed loop;
the two ends of the guide rod (8) are fixedly connected with the base (5);
a magnet (9) slidably disposed on the guide rod (8);
the highest end of the second elastic piece (10) is hinged on the frame (3), the lowest end of the second elastic piece is hinged on the magnet (9), and when the second elastic piece (10) is in a vertical state, the second elastic piece is in a compressed state and coincides with the vertical axis of the magnet (9);
the two third elastic pieces (11) are symmetrically arranged about the second elastic piece (10) in a vertical state, one end of each third elastic piece (11) is fixedly connected with the base (5), and each third elastic piece (11) is in a horizontal state and is mutually overlapped with the horizontal axis of the magnet (9);
the base (5) comprises a bottom plate (51) and two fixing seats (52), the bottom plate (51) penetrates through the frame (3), the two fixing seats (52) are fixedly arranged at two ends of the bottom plate (51) and symmetrically arranged relative to the bottom plate (51), and one end of the third elastic piece (11) is fixedly connected with the fixing seats (52).
2. The dual stage bistable structure of claim 1, wherein said bistable structure comprises an elastic crash feature: the distance between the free ends of the two third elastic pieces (11) and the second elastic piece (10) in the vertical state is b 1 And b 2 The b is 1 And said b 2 Equal to or less than 0.032m is equal to or less than b 1 ≤0.034m。
3. The dual stage bistable structure of claim 1, wherein said bistable structure comprises an elastic crash feature: the base (2) comprises a transverse plate (21) and a vertical plate (22), the transverse plate (21) is fixedly arranged on the vibration exciter (1), the vertical plate (22) is fixedly arranged on the transverse plate (21), a sliding block (31) is integrally formed at the bottom of the frame (3), and the sliding block (31) is slidably arranged on the transverse plate (21).
4. The dual stage bistable structure of claim 1, wherein said bistable structure comprises an elastic crash feature: the first elastic piece (4), the second elastic piece (10) and the third elastic piece (11) are all springs.
5. The dual stage bistable structure of claim 1, wherein said bistable structure comprises an elastic crash feature: the magnet (9) is rotationally connected with a first rotating shaft (12), the top of the frame (3) is rotationally connected with a second rotating shaft (13), and two ends of the second elastic piece (10) are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft (12) and the second rotating shaft (13) respectively.
6. The dual stage bistable structure of claim 1, wherein said bistable structure comprises an elastic crash feature: the two-stage bistable structure is applied to the field of energy acquisition.
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