CN113852083B - Automatic searching and early warning method, device and equipment for power grid cascading failures - Google Patents

Automatic searching and early warning method, device and equipment for power grid cascading failures Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113852083B
CN113852083B CN202111137127.4A CN202111137127A CN113852083B CN 113852083 B CN113852083 B CN 113852083B CN 202111137127 A CN202111137127 A CN 202111137127A CN 113852083 B CN113852083 B CN 113852083B
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power grid
cascading failure
line
fault
information
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CN113852083A (en
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孟凡成
郭琦
张强
康宏伟
刘军
张敏昊
郝乾鹏
李洪波
李强
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Inner Mongolia Power(group) Co ltd Power Dispatch Control Branch
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Inner Mongolia Power(group) Co ltd Power Dispatch Control Branch
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
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    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
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    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
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Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic searching and early warning method, device and equipment for power grid cascading failures, belonging to the technical field of risk early warning of power systems, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring initial fault information of a target power grid; calculating the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid; according to the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-over influence value of each line of the target power grid, and a sequential fault searching strategy which is inspired by dispatcher experience and is not caused, a preset system sequential fault searching rule is started through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, enumeration type automatic searching is carried out on a power flow transfer path after initial multiple faults of the power grid occur, branches with heavy load and large transfer factors in the transfer path are used as candidate sequential faults, a dangerous path set which possibly causes the power grid sequential faults is found out, a target power grid sequential fault prediction path is obtained, early warning is carried out, and loss is reduced.

Description

Automatic searching and early warning method, device and equipment for power grid cascading failures
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of risk early warning of power systems, and particularly relates to an automatic searching and early warning method, device and equipment for power grid cascading faults.
Background
In today's society, the safety of power systems is closely related to industrial production and economic life. However, once a cascading failure of the power grid occurs, a long-time large-scale power outage event may be caused, and huge losses are brought to society and economy. A typical scenario of a power system cascading failure can be generally described as follows: initially one or more components (e.g., lines, main transformers, bus bars) in the power system trip due to various causes (possibly co-cause or non-co-cause), other lines and generators trip due to interactions between the components of the system, such as tidal current transfer, relay protection hidden faults, transient processes, etc., which occur in multiple cycles until the system collapses or no new components trip. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an automatic search and early warning technique for grid cascading failure events.
In order to search for cascading failures of the power grid, the prior art mainly adopts technologies such as tide transfer and the like to analyze the development process of the cascading failures. Because of limitation of development of a power grid data platform, the prior art is mainly oriented to cascading failure search under a given power grid running state, and cascading failures are analyzed only based on a small number of preset scenes. However, after the new-generation intelligent power grid regulation and control system D5000 is built, the regulation and control operation data platforms of the power grid can be integrated and communicated. The prior art has difficulty in fully utilizing the through function of the D5000 system for massive regulation and control data such as regulation plans, water supply conditions, weather changes and the like, is more difficult to meet the requirement of periodic update or aperiodic adjustment of the running state of the power grid, and greatly limits the availability of related functions such as automatic searching and early warning of cascading failures in daily running of the power grid. Therefore, how to combine the new generation smart grid regulation system D5000 to learn the grid cascading failure and pre-warn the grid cascading failure, so as to reduce the loss becomes a problem to be solved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to at least solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method, a device and equipment for automatically searching and early warning power grid cascading failures in consideration of electric betters.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, a method for automatically searching and early warning a grid cascading failure taking into account electrical betters includes:
acquiring initial fault information and basic information of a target power grid;
calculating the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid according to the basic information and the initial fault information; according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid and a cascading failure search strategy which is inspired by dispatcher experience, a preset system cascading failure search rule is started through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, and a cascading failure path is scanned;
acquiring a target power grid cascading failure prediction path;
and based on the target power grid cascading failure prediction path, dynamically coloring and demonstrating the cascading failure evolution process on a power grid geographic wiring diagram.
Optionally, the calculating the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-make influence value of each line of the target power grid includes:
Calculating the calculated line load rate of each line of the target power grid; according to the line load rate, the lines are ordered from big to small, and a line load rate ordering value Rank of the lines is calculated l,rate ；
The calculation rule for calculating the line load rate is as follows:
wherein ,lfor a line for which the line load factor is to be calculated,PF l is a circuitlIs used for the current flow of (a),PF l,limit is a circuitlIs a power flow limit value of (2).
Calculating the electric betweenness of each line of the target power grid; according to the electric betweenness line, sorting from big to small, calculating the electric betweenness sorting value Rank of the line l,betweenness ；
The calculation rule for counting the electric bets is as follows:
wherein ,Gfor a set of generator nodes,Lis a load node set;W i is a power generation nodeiTaking the weight of the power generation output or the installed capacity;W j is a load nodejTaking the load power of the weight of the power;I ij (m,n) Representing the power generation-load node pairi,j) After unit current is injected in between, the power transmission elementm,n) The current to be supplied is supplied to the upper part,I ij (m,n) Directly calculating by a circuit theory;
calculating the calculated line break-off influence values of each line of the target power grid; sequencing the lines from big to small according to the disconnection influence values, and calculating a disconnection influence value sequencing value Rank of the lines l,outage ；
The calculation rule for calculating the influence value of the line break is as follows:
wherein ,lfor the line for which the break-effect value is to be calculated,PF l’ is thatlPost-disconnection linel'Is used for the power flow of (1),PF l’,limit is a circuitl'Is a trend limit value of (2); line Set is the Set of all lines.
Optionally, the method further comprises: calculating the comprehensive sequence of the lines; the calculation rule of the comprehensive line ordering is as follows:
Rank l = W rate *Rank l,rate + W betweenness *Rank l,betweenness + W outage *Rank l,outage；
and searching the circuits according to the sequence from small to large in the comprehensive sequence.
Optionally, according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-off impact value of each line of the target power grid, and the cascade fault search policy of the dispatcher's experience heuristic and non-common cause, the preset system cascade fault search rule is started through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, and the cascade fault path is scanned, including:
based on the power grid cascading failure generation principle, the influence proportion of line load rate, electric betweenness and break influence value data on the searching cascading failure area is set, dispatcher experience heuristic and non-common cause searching modes are selected, and a cascading failure path is scanned according to the condition that a power grid is disconnected from a scanning interception condition, loss load is larger than a limit value and power flow is out of limit.
Optionally, the obtaining the target power grid cascading failure prediction path includes:
Searching an initial fault set of cascading faults;
analyzing the initial fault set based on an alternating current tidal current cascading failure searching program, and verifying whether the cascading failure development process of the initial fault set is reasonable under the set termination target condition;
and (5) summarizing, sorting and ordering the verification results, and determining a target power grid cascading failure prediction path.
Optionally, the analyzing the initial fault set based on the ac power flow cascading failure search procedure includes: selecting a cascading failure search strategy based on dispatcher experience heuristics and non-common causes for searching;
the heuristic cascading failure search strategy based on the dispatcher experience comprises the following steps:
step 1, reading in input data, including power grid topology information, bus load information, unit output information, tie line power information, unit and tie line hanging bus information, section information, safety protection information, initial fault information and the like;
step 2, initializing a cascading failure set;
step 3, initializing a state queue to be searched; if the initial fault is set, putting the initial fault into a to-be-searched state queue; if the initial fault is not set, the initial state is put into a state queue to be searched;
Step 4, popping one from the state queue to be searched as the current searching state, and judging as follows:
step 4.1, judging whether a search termination condition is met, wherein the termination condition comprises any one of the following:
step 4.1.1, the main island is separated, the number of lost nodes after separation exceeds a set node number loss threshold value, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.2, the main island is separated, the loss load quantity after separation exceeds a set load loss threshold value, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.3, the positive standby of the power grid is lower than a set minimum upper rotation standby capacity threshold, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.4, the negative standby of the power grid is lower than a set lowest lower rotation standby capacity threshold, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.5, the search depth reaches the set maximum search depth;
step 4.2, if the search termination condition is met, returning to the step 4; if the search termination condition is not met, the step 4.3 is entered;
step 4.3, carrying out load flow calculation in the current state;
step 4.4, carrying out self-installation logic judgment according to the load flow calculation result; if any self-setting logic is not triggered, jumping to the step 4.5; if the safety logic is triggered, the power grid topology and the unit output in the current state are adjusted according to the safety action, and the step 4.1 is returned;
Step 4.5, carrying out vulnerability examination on the current state, finding all bridges in the current topology, disconnecting the bridge with the largest number of disconnection nodes, and if the number of disconnection nodes exceeds a threshold value, putting the state of the current state after the bridge is disconnected into a cascading failure set;
step 4.6, according to the load flow calculation result, calculating the load rate sequencing, the electric betweenness sequencing and the disconnection influence value sequencing of each line in the current topology, and according to the preset weight, calculating the final search sequencing;
step 4.7, selecting N branches with front ordering from branches with current topology according to searching ordering, respectively generating N new states to be searched, and placing the N new states to be searched into a state to be searched queue;
step 5, searching in the step 4 until the state queue to be searched is empty, and storing and outputting the found cascading failure set;
the non-common cause-based cascading failure search strategy comprises the following steps:
step 1, reading in input data, including power grid topology information, bus load information, unit output information, tie line power information, unit and tie line hanging bus information, section information, safety protection information and initial fault information;
step 2, initializing a fault set;
Step 3, carrying out non-common cause successive fault searching on each area to be searched;
step 4, searching the area:
step 4.1, traversing a branch of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the system splitting is caused by the disconnection of the branch, if so, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
step 4.2, traversing the combination of two branches of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the system splitting is caused by the disconnection of the branch combination, if so, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
step 4.3, traversing the combination of N branches of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the combination of the branches is disconnected to cause system splitting, if yes, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
and 5, storing and outputting the found fault set.
Optionally, the obtaining the initial fault information of the target power grid includes:
receiving a fault setting instruction;
and acquiring initial fault information of the target power grid according to the fault setting instruction.
Optionally, the aperiodic trigger is preferably the periodic trigger; and/or, further comprising:
Triggering corresponding cascading failure early warning according to the target power grid cascading failure prediction path
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and obtaining cascading failure analysis result display, wherein the cascading failure analysis result display comprises failure mode list display and dynamic coloring display of a power grid geographic wiring diagram.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
receiving a query request;
and acquiring a historical target power grid cascading failure prediction path according to the query request.
In yet another aspect, an automatic search and early warning system for grid cascading failures includes: the device comprises an acquisition module and a scanning module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring initial fault information and basic information of a target power grid;
the scanning module is used for calculating the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid according to the basic information and the initial fault information; according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid and a cascading failure search strategy which is inspired by dispatcher experience, a preset system cascading failure search rule is started through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, and a cascading failure path is scanned; acquiring a target power grid cascading failure prediction path; and based on the target power grid cascading failure prediction path, dynamically coloring and demonstrating the cascading failure evolution process on a power grid geographic wiring diagram.
In yet another aspect, an electrical medium-taking into account grid cascading failure automatic search and early warning apparatus includes: a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor;
the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the computer program is at least used for the automatic searching and early warning method for the power grid cascading failure;
the processor is configured to invoke and execute the computer program in the memory.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and equipment for automatically searching and early warning power grid cascading failures in consideration of electric betting, which are used for acquiring initial failure information of a target power grid; calculating line load rate, electric betweenness and break-off influence values of each line of a target power grid; based on a dispatcher experience heuristic and non-common cause cascading failure search strategy, starting a preset system cascading failure search rule through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, performing enumeration type automatic search on a power flow transfer path after an initial multiple failure occurs in a power grid, taking a branch with a heavy load and a large transfer factor in the transfer path as a candidate cascading failure, finding a dangerous path set which possibly causes the power grid cascading failure, acquiring a target power grid cascading failure prediction path, performing early warning on the target power grid cascading failure prediction path, and reducing loss.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic searching and early warning method for power grid cascading failures according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic searching and early warning system for power grid cascading failures, which is based on electrical betters and provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic power grid cascading failure searching and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a functional architecture diagram of an automatic search and early warning system for grid cascading failures, which is based on electrical betting, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram showing a data exchange condition between an automatic searching and early warning system for a power grid cascading failure and an external system, wherein the automatic searching and early warning system is used for counting electric betting numbers;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic searching and early warning device for power grid cascading failure, which is based on electrical betters and provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
In order to at least solve the technical problems provided by the invention, the embodiment of the invention provides an automatic searching and early warning method for cascading failures of an electrical medium power grid.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic searching and early warning method for a power grid cascading failure according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:
s11, basic information and initial fault information of the target power grid are obtained.
The basic information of the power grid comprises information such as power grid parameters (information such as load power, unit output state, line power and the like), system basic working conditions, network topology and the like, and the basic information is obtained from a public information platform.
The setting of the initial fault information includes: receiving a fault setting instruction; and acquiring initial fault information of the target power grid according to the fault setting instruction. The graphical fault setting tool is provided, and a dispatcher can conveniently realize the next multiple faults of various equipment such as a generator, a bus, a line, a transformer and the like in any combination mode as initial faults.
S12, calculating the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid according to the basic information and the initial fault information; and according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-make influence value of each line of the target power grid, and a cascading failure search strategy which is inspired by dispatcher experience and is not common cause, starting a preset system cascading failure search rule through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, and scanning a cascading failure path.
After the initial fault information of the target power grid is obtained, a preset system cascading failure search rule is started through periodic triggering and/or aperiodic triggering, and a cascading failure path is scanned.
In some embodiments, the aperiodic trigger includes both manual trigger and failure trigger, triggered by user click and system module alarm information, respectively. Among different trigger modes, the manual trigger has the highest priority, the fault trigger mode is inferior, and the periodic trigger is the lowest. During execution of the high priority trigger function, the low priority function is suspended.
In some embodiments, optionally, the calculating the line load rate, the electrical betting, and the break impact value of each line of the target power grid includes:
calculating the calculated line load rate of each line of the target power grid; according to the line load rate, the lines are ordered from big to small, and a line load rate ordering value Rank of the lines is calculated l,rate ；
The calculation rule for calculating the line load rate is as follows:
wherein ,lfor a line for which the line load factor is to be calculated,PF l is a circuitlIs used for the current flow of (a),PF l,limit is a circuitlIs a trend limit value of (2);
calculating the electric betweenness of each line of the target power grid; according to the electric betterySorting the lines from large to small, and calculating an electrical medium number sorting value Rank of the lines l,betweenness ；
The calculation rule for counting the electric bets is as follows:
wherein ,Gfor a set of generator nodes,Lis a load node set;W i is a power generation nodeiTaking the weight of the power generation output or the installed capacity;W j is a load nodejTaking the load power of the weight of the power;I ij (m,n) Representing the power generation-load node pairi,j) After unit current is injected in between, the power transmission elementm,n) The current to be supplied is supplied to the upper part,I ij (m,n) Directly calculating by a circuit theory;
calculating the calculated line break-off influence values of each line of the target power grid; sequencing the lines from big to small according to the disconnection influence values, and calculating a disconnection influence value sequencing value Rank of the lines l,outage ；
The calculation rule for calculating the influence value of the line break is as follows:
wherein ,lfor the line for which the break-effect value is to be calculated,PF l’ is thatlPost-disconnection linel'Is used for the power flow of (1),PF l’,limit is a circuitl'Is a trend limit value of (2); line Set is the Set of all lines.
In some embodiments, optionally, further comprising:
calculating the comprehensive sequence of the lines; the calculation rule of the comprehensive line ordering is as follows:
Rank l = W rate *Rank l,rate + W betweenness *Rank l,betweenness + W outage *Rank l,outage；
and searching the circuits according to the sequence from small to large in the comprehensive sequence.
In some embodiments, optionally, according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-off impact value of each line of the target power grid, and the dispatcher experience inspired and non-common cause cascading failure search policy, starting a preset system cascading failure search rule through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, scanning a cascading failure path, including:
based on the power grid cascading failure generation principle, the influence proportion of line load rate, electric betweenness and break influence value data on the searching cascading failure area is set, dispatcher experience heuristic and non-common cause searching modes are selected, and a cascading failure path is scanned according to the condition that a power grid is disconnected from a scanning interception condition, loss load is larger than a limit value and power flow is out of limit.
S13, obtaining a target power grid cascading failure prediction path.
Optionally, in some embodiments, the method further includes performing simulation analysis on the obtained initial fault set based on an ac power flow cascading failure simulation program to determine whether a cascading failure development process of the initial fault set is reasonable under a set termination target condition, and obtaining a determination result; and sorting and ordering the judging results. In this embodiment, this may be done based on a preset analysis and verification algorithm, which consists of three parts:
s131, searching an initial fault set of cascading faults;
searching for an initial fault event within the initial fault set that is not analyzed.
S132, performing simulation analysis on the initial fault set based on an alternating current tidal current cascading failure simulation program, and verifying whether the cascading failure development process of the initial fault set is reasonable under the set termination target condition;
firstly, based on the power grid parameters obtained in the step S11, alternating current power flow is calculated, and the operating states of branch power, node voltage and the like of the power grid are updated. And sequentially changing the topological structure of the power grid according to the line faults in the initial fault event. And after each power grid topology, recalculating alternating current power flow, and comparing the state of the branch element in the power flow calculation result with the next fault in the initial fault event. In the comparison process, if the initial fault event is inconsistent, the analysis is terminated; if all are consistent, the verification of the initial failure event is passed.
Specifically, in the searching process, a sequential fault searching strategy based on dispatcher experience heuristics and non-common causes can be selected to be adopted:
case one: the heuristic cascading failure search strategy based on the dispatcher experience comprises the following steps:
and step 1, reading in input data, including power grid topology information, bus load information, unit output information, tie line power information, unit and tie line hanging bus information, section information, safety protection information, initial fault information and the like.
And 2, initializing a cascading failure set.
And step 3, initializing a state queue to be searched. If the initial fault is set, putting the initial fault into a to-be-searched state queue; if the initial fault is not set, the initial state is put into a state queue to be searched:
step 4, popping one from the state queue to be searched as the current searching state, and judging as follows:
step 4.1, judging whether the search termination condition is met, wherein the termination condition is met by one of the following:
step 4.1.1, the main island is separated, the number of lost nodes after separation exceeds a set node number loss threshold value, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.2, the main island is separated, the loss load quantity after separation exceeds a set load loss threshold value, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
Step 4.1.3, the positive standby of the power grid is lower than a set lowest positive standby threshold, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.4, the negative standby of the power grid is lower than a set lowest negative standby threshold, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.5, the search depth reaches the set maximum search depth;
step 4.2, if the search termination condition is met, returning to the step 4; if the search termination condition is not satisfied, the process proceeds to step 4.3.
Step 4.3, carrying out load flow calculation in the current state;
and 4.4, carrying out self-installation logic judgment according to the load flow calculation result. If any self-setting logic is not triggered, jumping to the step 4.5; if the safety logic is triggered, the power grid topology and the unit output in the current state are adjusted according to the safety action, and the step 4.1 is returned;
and 4.5, carrying out vulnerability examination on the current state, finding all bridges in the current topology (the bridges are branches which are disconnected and can cause disconnection of a power grid), and if the number of the disconnected nodes exceeds a threshold value, putting the state of the current state after the bridge is disconnected into a cascading failure set.
Step 4.6, according to the load flow calculation result, calculating the load rate sequencing, the electric betweenness sequencing and the disconnection influence value sequencing of each line in the current topology, and according to the preset weight, calculating the final search sequencing (the detailed calculation mode is as follows);
And 4.7, selecting N (N is the number of preset sub faults) with the front ordering from the branches of the current topology according to the searching ordering, respectively generating N new states to be searched, and putting the N new states to be searched into a state queue to be searched.
And 5, searching in the step 4 until the state queue to be searched is empty, and storing and outputting the found cascading failure set.
And a second case: the non-common cause-based cascading failure search strategy includes the following parts:
and step 1, reading in input data, including power grid topology information, bus load information, unit output information, tie line power information, unit and tie line hanging bus information, section information, safety protection information, initial fault information and the like.
And 2, initializing a fault set.
And 3, carrying out non-common cause successive fault searching on each area to be searched.
Step 4, searching the area, which is as follows:
step 4.1, traversing a branch of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the system splitting is caused by the disconnection of the branch, if so, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
step 4.2, traversing the combination of two branches of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the system splitting is caused by the disconnection of the branch combination, if so, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
Step 4.3, traversing the combination of three branches of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the system splitting is caused by the disconnection of the branch combination, if so, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
and 5, storing and outputting the found fault set.
And S133, summarizing, sorting and ordering the verification results.
After the analysis of all faults of the initial fault set is completed, all simulation results are summarized uniformly. And then sequencing according to the influence results, specifically, counting the total line fault quantity and the total load outage quantity in each initial fault simulation result, and sequencing and displaying the initial faults according to the total line fault quantity and the total load outage quantity.
S14, dynamically coloring and demonstrating the cascading failure evolution process on the power grid geographic wiring diagram based on the target power grid cascading failure prediction path.
In some embodiments, optionally, after the power grid cascading failure prediction path is scanned, the cascading failure evolution process can be dynamically colored and demonstrated on the power grid geographic wiring diagram, so that the contents such as the system cascading failure range, the branch tripping sequence, the accident result and the like are clearly and intuitively displayed for a dispatcher, and the dispatcher is helped to learn and study the action mechanism and the occurrence and development process of the power grid cascading failure. In particular, when determining a propagation path for dyeing, labeling is performed according to the cumulative probability of different elements in the path. Is contained in one strip nFor example, a cascade of faulty elements, in which the faulty chain is the firstiIndividual faulty componentsIs the cumulative probability of (2)Is an elementiIs>Front and backiThe product of the cumulative probabilities of 1 faulty element, expressed as
In some embodiments, the results may optionally be presented and processed as well. The cascading failure analysis result display comprises a failure mode list display mode and a power grid geographic wiring diagram dynamic coloring display mode, and the two modes can realize real-time browsing and automatic updating of serious cascading failures.
In some embodiments, optionally, a history query function may be further provided for convenience of query. The dispatcher can inquire the power grid cascading failure prediction path scanning result which is carried out in the past through the system history database, so that the dispatcher can conveniently review the cascading failure risk of the power grid and the weak links existing in the power grid under different initial conditions in the past, and the power grid cascading failure prediction path scanning result is used for guiding the power grid to regulate and control operation work in real time.
In some embodiments, optionally, in order to implement the early warning, after the target grid cascading failure prediction path is acquired, an alarm may be given.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for automatically searching and early warning power grid cascading faults considering electric betting, which comprises the following steps: acquiring initial fault information of a target power grid; starting a preset system cascading failure searching rule through periodic triggering and/or aperiodic triggering, and scanning a cascading failure path; and obtaining a target power grid cascading failure prediction path.
In some embodiments, optionally, an enumeration type automatic search is performed on a power flow transfer path after an initial multiple fault occurs in the power grid, and analysis is performed after a branch with a heavy load and a large transfer factor in the transfer path is disconnected (multiple faults), so that a dangerous path set possibly causing the power grid cascading faults is found out, the power grid cascading faults are known, early warning is performed, and loss is reduced.
In particular, in this embodiment, the power flow transfer factor may be set to be divided into a direct current power flow and an alternating current power flow, and may be selected according to the simulation precision and the calculation time requirement. The DC power flow model is that
wherein ,indicating line->The active power flow flowing through; />Indicating line->Is a reactance of (2); />Representing node-line association matrix,/->Represents the +.o of the node-line association matrix>Line->Elements of a column; />Representing node->Is a phase angle of (2);N B andN L representing the total number of nodes and the total number of lines in the power grid, respectively.
The alternating current tide model is as follows:
；
wherein ,P g,i andP d,i respectively nodesiThe active and reactive power of the generator,Q g,i andQ d,i respectively nodesiIs used for controlling the active and reactive loads of the system,V i andV j respectively nodesiAndjis used for the voltage amplitude of (a),g ij andb ij respectively the first node admittance matrixiLine 1jThe real and imaginary components of the column elements, NIs the number of nodes of the system.
If the circuit isiLine before faultjThe load flow calculation result of (1) isLine of circuitiPost-fault linejThe calculated result of the tide flow is +.>Then tidal current transfer factor->Is that
In this embodiment, the electrical betting number is calculated by:
in particular, according to the characteristics of power flow transmission of the power system, the node is connected withmSum nodenTransmission element as end pointm,n) Define electrical betweenness as
wherein ,Gfor a set of generator nodes,Lis a load node set;W i is a power generation nodeiGenerally taking the weight of the power generation output or the installed capacity;W j is a load nodejGenerally taking the load power thereof;I ij (m,n) Representing the power generation-load node pairi,j) After unit current is injected in between, the power transmission elementm,n) And the current delivered.I ij (m,n) Can be directly calculated by circuit theory.
The physical meaning of the electrical betweenness is the contribution degree of the power transmission line to the power transmission between different power generation nodes and load nodes.
In particular, the grid cascading failure automatic search strategy taking into account the electrical parameters is:
probability priority policy: and selecting a line with the highest fault probability as a next-stage fault line from the candidate line set of the next-stage fault, and searching a subsequent fault propagation chain by recursion.
Risk priority policy: and selecting the line with the highest fault risk as the next-stage fault line in the candidate line set of the next-stage faults, and searching a subsequent fault propagation chain by recursion. Here, the risk refers to the product of the probability of failure of the candidate line and its electrical betweenness.
In some embodiments, the electric network cascading failure automatic searching and early warning system considering the electric betting follows the service-oriented design concept, and the unified platform, the unified message bus, the unified model standard and the unified data interface accord with the safety protection requirement of the electric power software system, support the daily business of the regulation and control personnel and ensure the safe and stable operation of the electric network.
Based on a general inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides an automatic searching and early warning system for the power grid cascading faults taking the electric betting into account.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic searching and early warning system for grid cascading failure, which is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include the following structures: an acquisition module 21, a scanning module 22;
an acquiring module 21, configured to acquire initial fault information and basic information of a target power grid;
The scanning module 22 is used for calculating the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid according to the basic information and the initial fault information; according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid and a cascading failure search strategy which is inspired by dispatcher experience, a preset system cascading failure search rule is started through periodic triggering and/or non-periodic triggering, and a cascading failure path is scanned; acquiring a target power grid cascading failure prediction path; and based on the target power grid cascading failure prediction path, dynamically coloring and demonstrating the cascading failure evolution process on a power grid geographic wiring diagram.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic power grid cascading failure searching and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a functional architecture diagram of an automatic power grid cascading failure searching and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a data exchange condition between an automatic searching and early warning system for a power grid cascading failure and an external system, which are provided by the embodiment of the invention and are used for counting electric betters.
Referring to fig. 3, the system for automatically searching and early warning the cascading failure of the power grid taking the electric betting number adopts a layered architecture design, which is respectively a platform supporting layer, an application service layer and a scene service layer from bottom to top. The platform supporting layer is the bottommost layer of the system, adopts a unified platform and mainly provides basic platform services with data storage and management, public service, communication bus, man-machine interaction and system monitoring and management functions for the application service layer. The middle layer of the service layer is applied to provide model and data management and related power flow calculation and safety check services for the scene service layer, and mainly comprises topology analysis, model and data management, expected fault analysis, static power flow analysis, ground state power flow analysis, network reconstruction, short circuit current analysis and the like. The scene service layer is the uppermost layer of the system, and mainly builds a main application scene of automatic searching and early warning of the power grid cascading failure.
Referring to fig. 4, the system performs online global intelligent scanning of N-2 to N-K on the power grid under any power grid operation mode and initial fault condition, displays the cascade fault prediction paths with larger scanned risks in a list form, and can graphically demonstrate the whole process on a power grid wiring diagram in a dynamic coloring mode for the important cascade fault paths.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a main application scene of a power grid cascading failure simulation construction system on a system foundation platform, wherein the main application scene comprises power grid data initialization, automatic scanning in a periodic mode, initial multiple failure setting, manual non-periodic mode scanning, triggering non-periodic mode scanning, basic information display, initial failure analysis, cascading failure list display, cascading failure alarm and the like.
For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic search and early warning system for grid cascading failures may be deployed at a preset location, which is not limited herein, and data such as real-time running data of a power grid, historical sampling data, a power grid model, a graphic file, a state estimation model, a section, a tie line plan, etc. are obtained from the dispatching automation system, and are used for power grid model construction and functional graphic display. Referring to fig. 5, the dispatching automation D5000 system sends the power grid fault tripping information to the power grid cascading failure automatic searching and early warning system to trigger the power grid fault scanning in the non-periodic mode, and meanwhile, the information of the periodic and non-periodic cascading failure searching is sent to the D5000 system to carry out related warning.
In some embodiments, the initialization of the grid state in the periodic mode is described, and the functions may be: and directly acquiring the current power grid model and the current power flow information from the D5000 system to complete the analysis topology of the power grid model. Relay protection device and safety automatic device and parameter input thereof. In one specific implementation, the interface may be defined as: the method can perform power grid model topology analysis by interface operation and display information in the topology analysis process; the persistent list shows information entries modifying the relay device and the self-contained device. Data input/output: input: the power grid basic model information, the tide information and the related information of the relay protection and self-installation device; and (3) outputting: and the information comprises power grid model information of relay protection and self-installation devices.
In some embodiments, a cascading failure scan in periodic mode is described:
the functions are as follows: the method is not limited to initial faults, and considers global scanning of 'non-common cause' cascading faults, namely N-K scanning is carried out, and a scanning result can give a batch of cascading faults of dangerous tree results; the scanning period is carried out, and 15 minutes is one period; the power grid periodic model cascading failure scanning can be started and suspended manually.
Interface: displaying cascading failure scanning information on a picture; the list shows dangerous tree cascading failures.
Data input/output: input: the power grid model and boundary information; and (3) outputting: cascading failures of dangerous tree results.
In some embodiments, a periodic mode real-time early warning function is described:
the functions are as follows: the cascading failure information of the power grid can be sent to the D5000 system to perform relevant alarm actions.
Interface: and D5000 alarm window displays cascading failure information according to the category.
Data input/output: input: system cascading failure information; and (3) outputting: and D5000 system alarm display.
In some embodiments, manual aperiodic mode multiple fault-combining setup is described:
the functions are as follows: the faults of the power grid unit, the main transformer, the line and the bus type equipment can be set as initial multiple faults.
Interface: the set grid multiple faults may be tabulated.
Data input/output: input: manually designating an initial failure of the system; and (3) outputting: multiple faults act as boundary conditions for grid scanning in the aperiodic mode.
In some embodiments, the external system triggers an initial heavy failure setting of the aperiodic mode:
the functions are as follows: and under the set initial fault condition of the power grid, the single scanning of the cascading faults of the power grid is completed.
Interface: the frame may show relevant cascading failure scan information.
Data input/output: input: initial fault sent by D5000 system; and (3) outputting: multiple faults act as boundary conditions for grid scanning in the aperiodic mode.
In some embodiments, non-periodic pattern cascading failure scans are described:
the functions are as follows: and (5) completing the initial fault setting of the power grid, and carrying out single power grid fault scanning calculation.
Interface: displaying cascading failure scanning information on the selection picture; the list shows dangerous tree cascading failures.
Data input/output: input: initializing faults of a power grid; and (3) outputting: cascading failures of dangerous tree results.
In some embodiments, a cascading failure process graphic presentation is illustrated:
the functions are as follows: and displaying the whole cascading failure process through a graphical interface.
Interface: each step of power grid state change of the power grid cascading failure can be displayed through SVG; and counting out-of-limit devices for the out-of-limit device dynamic coloring list.
Data input/output: input: cascading failure of the power grid; and (3) outputting: and the tide information of the equipment, the action triggering conditions of the relay protection device and the self device and the out-of-limit equipment information.
In some embodiments, a cascading failure list presentation is illustrated:
the functions are as follows: list display of set initial multiple faults, list display of related cascading failure information
Interface: the list shows the relevant information.
Data input/output: input: power grid cascading failure information; and (3) outputting: and (5) list display.
In some embodiments, a cascading failure history query is described:
the functions are as follows: and inquiring historical power grid cascading failure information according to the date.
Interface: historical cascading failure information can be queried according to the date; query result information may be tabulated.
Data input/output: input: historical grid cascading failure information; and (3) outputting: and displaying according to the time selection cascading failure information list.
The specific manner in which the various modules perform the operations in relation to the systems of the above embodiments have been described in detail in relation to the embodiments of the method and will not be described in detail herein.
According to the automatic searching and early warning system for the cascading failure of the electrical medium power grid, initial failure information of a target power grid is obtained; starting a preset system cascading failure searching rule through periodic triggering and/or aperiodic triggering, and scanning a cascading failure path; and obtaining a target power grid cascading failure prediction path. The method comprises the steps of automatically searching a power flow transfer path after an initial multiple fault occurs in a power grid in an enumeration mode, analyzing a branch with heavy load and large transfer factor in the transfer path after the branch is disconnected (multiple faults), finding out a dangerous path set possibly causing a power grid cascading fault, acquiring the power grid cascading fault, carrying out early warning on the power grid cascading fault, and reducing loss.
Based on a general inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides automatic searching and early warning equipment for the cascading failure of the electrical medium power grid.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic searching and early warning device for electric medium power grid cascading failure according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the automatic searching and early warning device for electric medium power grid cascading failure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a processor 61, and a memory 62 connected to the processor.
The memory 62 is configured to store a computer program, where the computer program is at least used in the method for automatically searching and early warning a grid cascading failure according to any one of the embodiments described above;
the processor 61 is used to call and execute the computer program in memory.
The foregoing is merely illustrative embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about variations or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the invention should be covered. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
It is to be understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be referred to each other, and that in some embodiments, the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps carried out in the method of the above-described embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. The integrated modules may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product.
The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides a power grid cascading failure automatic search and early warning method which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring initial fault information and basic information of a target power grid;
calculating the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid according to the basic information and the initial fault information; according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid, and a cascading failure search strategy which is inspired by dispatcher experience and is not common cause, a preset system cascading failure search rule is started through periodic triggering and non-periodic triggering, and a cascading failure path is scanned;
obtaining a target grid cascading failure prediction path comprises the following steps: searching an initial fault set of cascading faults; analyzing the initial fault set based on an alternating current tidal current cascading failure searching program, and verifying whether the cascading failure development process of the initial fault set is reasonable under the set termination target condition; summarizing, sorting and ordering the verification results, and determining a target power grid cascading failure prediction path;
And based on the target power grid cascading failure prediction path, dynamically coloring and demonstrating the cascading failure evolution process on a power grid geographic wiring diagram.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating line load rates, electrical betters, and break impact values for each line of the target power grid comprises:
calculating the calculated line load rate of each line of the target power grid; according to the line load rate, the lines are ordered from big to small, and a line load rate ordering value Rank of the lines is calculated l,rate ；
The calculation rule for calculating the line load rate is as follows:
wherein ,lfor a line for which the line load factor is to be calculated,PF l is a circuitlIs used for the current flow of (a),PF l,limit is a circuitlIs a trend limit value of (2);
calculating the electric betweenness of each line of the target power grid; according to the electric betweenness line, sorting from big to small, calculating the electric betweenness sorting value Rank of the line l,betweenness ；
The calculation rule for counting the electric bets is as follows:
wherein ,Gfor a set of generator nodes,Lis a load node set;W i is a power generation nodeiTaking the weight of the power generation output or the installed capacity;W j is a load nodejTaking the load power of the weight of the power;I ij (m,n) Representing the power generation-load node pair i,j) After unit current is injected in between, the power transmission elementm,n) The current to be supplied is supplied to the upper part,I ij (m,n) Directly calculating by a circuit theory;
calculating the calculated line break-off influence values of each line of the target power grid; sequencing the lines from big to small according to the disconnection influence values, and calculating a disconnection influence value sequencing value Rank of the lines l,outage ；
The calculation rule for calculating the influence value of the line break is as follows:
wherein ,lfor the line for which the break-effect value is to be calculated,PF l’ is thatlPost-disconnection linel'Is used for the power flow of (1),PF l’,limit is a circuitl'Is a trend limit value of (2); line Set is the Set of all lines.
3. The method as recited in claim 2, further comprising:
calculating the comprehensive sequence of the lines; the calculation rule of the comprehensive line ordering is as follows:
Rank l = W rate *Rank l,rate + W betweenness *Rank l,betweenness + W outage *Rank l,outage；
and searching the circuits according to the sequence from small to large in the comprehensive sequence.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of starting a preset system cascading failure search rule through periodic triggering and/or aperiodic triggering according to the line load rate, the electrical betting number and the switching impact value of each line of the target power grid and a dispatcher experience heuristic and non-common cause cascading failure search strategy, and scanning a cascading failure path comprises:
Based on the power grid cascading failure generation principle, the influence proportion of line load rate, electric betweenness and break influence value data on the searching cascading failure area is set, dispatcher experience heuristic and non-common cause searching modes are selected, and a cascading failure path is scanned according to the condition that a power grid is disconnected from a scanning interception condition, loss load is larger than a limit value and power flow is out of limit.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyzing the initial fault set based on the ac power flow cascading failure search procedure comprises: selecting a cascading failure search strategy based on dispatcher experience heuristics and non-common causes for searching;
the heuristic cascading failure search strategy based on the dispatcher experience comprises the following steps:
step 1, reading in input data, including power grid topology information, bus load information, unit output information, tie line power information, unit and tie line hanging bus information, section information, safety protection information and initial fault information;
step 2, initializing a cascading failure set;
step 3, initializing a state queue to be searched; if the initial fault is set, putting the initial fault into a to-be-searched state queue; if the initial fault is not set, the initial state is put into a state queue to be searched;
Step 4, popping one from the state queue to be searched as the current searching state, and judging as follows:
step 4.1, judging whether a search termination condition is met, wherein the termination condition comprises any one of the following:
step 4.1.1, the main island is separated, the number of lost nodes after separation exceeds a set node number loss threshold value, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.2, the main island is separated, the loss load quantity after separation exceeds a set load loss threshold value, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.3, the positive standby of the power grid is lower than a set minimum upper rotation standby capacity threshold, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.4, the negative standby of the power grid is lower than a set lowest lower rotation standby capacity threshold, and the current state is put into a cascading failure set;
step 4.1.5, the search depth reaches the set maximum search depth;
step 4.2, if the search termination condition is met, returning to the step 4; if the search termination condition is not met, the step 4.3 is entered;
step 4.3, carrying out load flow calculation in the current state;
step 4.4, carrying out self-installation logic judgment according to the load flow calculation result; if any self-setting logic is not triggered, jumping to the step 4.5; if the safety logic is triggered, the power grid topology and the unit output in the current state are adjusted according to the safety action, and the step 4.1 is returned;
Step 4.5, carrying out vulnerability examination on the current state, finding all bridges in the current topology, disconnecting the bridge with the largest number of disconnection nodes, and if the number of disconnection nodes exceeds a threshold value, putting the state of the current state after the bridge is disconnected into a cascading failure set;
step 4.6, according to the load flow calculation result, calculating the load rate sequencing, the electric betweenness sequencing and the disconnection influence value sequencing of each line in the current topology, and according to the preset weight, calculating the final search sequencing;
step 4.7, selecting N branches with front ordering from branches with current topology according to searching ordering, respectively generating N new states to be searched, and placing the N new states to be searched into a state to be searched queue;
step 5, searching in the step 4 until the state queue to be searched is empty, and storing and outputting the found cascading failure set;
the non-common cause-based cascading failure search strategy comprises the following steps:
step 1, reading in input data, including power grid topology information, bus load information, unit output information, tie line power information, unit and tie line hanging bus information, section information, safety protection information and initial fault information;
step 2, initializing a fault set;
Step 3, carrying out non-common cause successive fault searching on each area to be searched;
step 4, searching the area:
step 4.1, traversing a branch of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the system splitting is caused by the disconnection of the branch, if so, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
step 4.2, traversing the combination of two branches of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the system splitting is caused by the disconnection of the branch combination, if so, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
step 4.3, traversing the combination of N branches of the area, judging whether the splitting load exceeds a set threshold value if the combination of the branches is disconnected to cause system splitting, if yes, putting the fault into a cascading failure set, otherwise, not putting the fault into the cascading failure set;
and 5, storing and outputting the found fault set.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the target grid initial fault information comprises:
receiving a fault setting instruction;
and acquiring initial fault information of the target power grid according to the fault setting instruction.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the non-periodic trigger is preferred over the periodic trigger; further comprises:
And triggering corresponding cascading failure early warning according to the target power grid cascading failure prediction path.
8. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and obtaining cascading failure analysis result display, wherein the cascading failure analysis result display comprises failure mode list display and dynamic coloring display of a power grid geographic wiring diagram.
9. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a query request;
and acquiring a historical target power grid cascading failure prediction path according to the query request.
10. An automatic search and early warning system for power grid cascading faults is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an acquisition module and a scanning module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring initial fault information and basic information of a target power grid;
the scanning module is used for calculating the line load rate, the electric betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid according to the basic information and the initial fault information; according to the line load rate, the electrical betweenness and the break-off influence value of each line of the target power grid, and a cascading failure search strategy which is inspired by dispatcher experience and is not common cause, a preset system cascading failure search rule is started through periodic triggering and non-periodic triggering, and a cascading failure path is scanned; acquiring a target power grid cascading failure prediction path; based on the target power grid cascading failure prediction path, dynamically coloring and demonstrating the cascading failure evolution process on a power grid geographic wiring diagram; the method is particularly used for searching an initial fault set of cascading faults; analyzing the initial fault set based on an alternating current tidal current cascading failure searching program, and verifying whether the cascading failure development process of the initial fault set is reasonable under the set termination target condition; and (5) summarizing, sorting and ordering the verification results, and determining a target power grid cascading failure prediction path.
11. The utility model provides a power grid cascading failure automatic search and early warning equipment which characterized in that includes: a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor;
the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the computer program is at least used for executing the automatic searching and early warning method for the power grid cascading failure according to any one of claims 1-9;
the processor is configured to invoke and execute the computer program in the memory.
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