CN113850595A - Export back-to-back insurance financing method and device based on block chain and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Export back-to-back insurance financing method and device based on block chain and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method makes full use of a distributed account book technology, an asymmetric encryption technology, an intelligent contract technology, a Hash algorithm, a digital signature, an intelligent contract technology and a black and white list mechanism in the block chain, and creates the export back-to-back insurance financing method based on the block chain, so that certificates of contracts, receipts and the like in each business stage in the export double-insurance process can be accurately verified at high speed on the chain, the efficiency of the whole process is obviously improved, the resource waste is reduced, forged files are avoided, the time is saved, the cost is reduced, the financing process is simplified, and the rapid and safe operation of transactions can be promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of blockchain technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for export back-to-back policy financing based on blockchain, and an electronic device.
Background
Back-to-back warranty is the latest developed warranty model. Back-to-back warranty is not in fact a single warranty service, but a combination of international and domestic warranty models. In international trade, sometimes an exporter does not directly exchange business with debtors in a country, but does business with one dealer in a centralized manner. The main business of the dealer is to import from the exporter and then sell at the import site, so the capital demand is large. In order to solve the difficulty, the dealer signs a domestic insurance business agreement with the imported insurance carrier, applies the accounts receivable debt under the domestic distribution contract item and the imported insurance carrier to deal with the domestic insurance, and takes the accounts receivable debt of the domestic insurance carrier as a repayment source to obtain a certain proportion of pre-payment financing, and the imported insurance carrier is equal to the position of the seller insurance carrier in the domestic insurance.
Currently, back-to-back care has the following problems:
(ii) a fraud risk for the seller. The primary fraud risk in traditional supply chain receivable financing is double financing, i.e. the receivable seller transfers the same invoice to a plurality of financial institutions to realize 'single financing' and fraud risk generated by adopting associated false transactions with the buyer;
② default risk of the buyer. When accounts receivable are due, the buyer may have defaulting risks of powerless repayment or malicious delinquent, and even have moral risks of tampering with a refund account;
and thirdly, the risk of the factual of the accounts receivable trade. Information among all main bodies of a traditional supply chain is asymmetric, an information island is formed, the actual validity of the receivable trade background is difficult to confirm due to the fact that information is dispersed and not integrated, meanwhile, in order to obtain financing, a receivable seller may possibly compose the trade background, forge receivable debt and right certificates and receipts, and conduct fraud financing.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an export back-to-back insurance financing method based on a block chain on one hand, and aims to solve the technical problems that existing export back-to-back insurance financing is high in cost, complex in procedure, low in efficiency and high in risk.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
an export back-to-back insurance financing method based on a block chain comprises the following steps:
s1, the exporter node negotiates with the distributor node to make a trade contract according to the credit conditions of the importer node and the distributor node and the two parties sign and confirm the chain, and the distributor node negotiates with the importer node to make a trade contract according to the trade contract signed with the exporter node and the two parties sign and confirm the chain;
s2, the exporter node delivers corresponding goods to the distributor node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract, and stores the shipment contract generated by the logistics node in the chain, the distributor node delivers corresponding goods to the importer node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract, and stores the shipment contract generated by the logistics node in the chain;
s3, the export sponsor node deploys the warranty agreement and signs the chain according to the line approval result which is jointly approved and confirmed and linked by the export sponsor node and the import sponsor node, after the export sponsor node signs the warranty agreement, the export sponsor node provides a certain proportion of trade financing and records the chain linking to the export sponsor node according to the claim transfer protocol which transfers the claim to the export sponsor, and then the export sponsor node signs the warranty agreement and the import sponsor node and records the chain linking;
s4, the dealer node performs prepayment financing according to the chain guarantee agreement signed and linked with the import guarantee manager node, the import guarantee manager node provides the set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, the transfer record is stored in the chain;
and S5, after the account is expired, transferring the goods money of the import merchant node to the import and export policy holder node, the export and insurance manager node and the export merchant node in sequence to finish the payment of the remainder of the export merchant node, and storing the related transfer records in the period on the chain.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes the steps of:
s1, an exporter node queries credit conditions of an importer and a dealer by using a black-and-white list mechanism system through an Oracle node;
s2, after confirming that the credit of the importer and the dealer has no problem, the exporter node and the dealer node carry out online trade details, and after the trade contract is formulated, the exporter encrypts the trade contract by using a private key of the exporter and sends the trade contract to the dealer, and then the trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
s3, the dealer node verifies by using the public key of the exporter node, and after the trade contract is determined to be sent by the exporter node and the content is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using the private key of the dealer node;
s4, the dealer node negotiates trade details with the import dealer node according to a trade contract signed with the export dealer node, and after the trade contract is formulated, the dealer node encrypts the trade contract and sends the encrypted trade contract to the dealer, and the encrypted trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
and S5, the importer node verifies the trade contract sent by the distributor node and then carries out signature confirmation.
Further, the step S2 further includes:
before the export node and the distributor node deliver the goods, the quality inspection is carried out on the goods through the quality inspection mechanism node, and the relevant goods inspection qualified certificate is recorded on the chain.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes the steps of:
s21, quality inspection mechanism nodes perform quality inspection on goods to be exported to the dealer node by the exporter node, and a commodity inspection qualified certificate is formed and recorded on the chain;
s22, distributing goods to the dealer by the exporter node according to the signed trade contract, and enabling the logistics node to be responsible for conveying the goods to the dealer node, and meanwhile, generating a goods delivery contract and storing the goods delivery contract on the chain;
s23, quality inspection mechanism nodes perform quality inspection on the goods to be delivered to the importer node by the distributor node, and a commodity inspection qualified certificate is formed and recorded on the chain;
and S24, distributing goods to the importers by the distributor nodes according to the signed trade contracts, transporting the goods to the importer nodes by the logistics nodes, and generating and storing the goods transporting contracts on the chains by the logistics nodes.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
s31, preparing a warranty application by the exporter node according to the trade contract, encrypting the warranty application by using a private key of the exporter node, sending the warranty application to the exporter node, and recording the warranty application on the chain;
s32, after the export policy holder node determines the policy application, deploying a limit approval application on the block chain, recording a signature on the chain and sending the signature to the import policy holder node;
s33, the import insurance manager node conducts limit approval on the dealer node according to the limit approval application, and then sends a limit approval result signature to the export insurance manager node and uploads the limit approval result signature to the block chain;
s34, the export policy holder node sends a limit approval result to the export merchant node, and the export merchant node confirms the checking result;
s35, the export trader node deploys a guarantee management protocol on the block chain, and the signature is recorded on the chain and is sent to the export guarantee trader node;
s36, after the export policy holder node confirms that the content of the policy protocol is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using a private key of the export policy holder node, and the signature confirmation is recorded on the chain;
s37, the export node transfers the creditor to the distributor node through the creditor transfer protocol and stores the creditor to the export policy holder node;
s38, the export policy holder node provides a certain proportion of trade financing for the export policy holder node according to the claim transfer protocol, and transfers the accounting record to the block chain;
and S39, the export security manager node and the import security manager node sign a security protocol and record the protocol on the chain.
Further, the step S4 specifically includes the steps of:
s41, the dealer node transfers the creditor to the import security manager node, prepares a security application according to the trade contract, encrypts the creditor application, sends the encrypted creditor application to the import security manager node, and records the encrypted creditor application on a chain;
s42, the import security manager node signs a security agreement with the distributor node according to the limit approval result and stores the agreement in the block chain;
s43, the dealer node performs prepayment and financing according to the warranty agreement, the imported warranty dealer node provides the set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, the account transfer record is stored in the chain.
Further, the step S5 specifically includes the steps of:
s51, after the account is expired, the import merchant node pays the goods to the import insurance manager node and stores the transfer record in a chain;
s52, after deducting the cost, the import insurance manager node transfers the money to the export insurance manager node, and saves the transfer record on the chain;
and S53, after the export policy holder node deducts the related cost, paying the surplus money to the export policy holder node, and storing the transfer record in the chain.
This application another aspect still provides an export back to back guarantor financing device based on block chain, includes:
the trade contract signing module is used for the export node to negotiate with the distributor node according to the credit conditions of the import node and the distributor node to draw up a trade contract and to be signed by both parties to confirm the uplink, and the distributor node to negotiate with the import node to draw up the trade contract according to the trade contract signed with the export node and to be signed by both parties to confirm the uplink;
the delivery module is used for the exporter node to deliver corresponding goods to the distributor node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract and store the delivery contract generated by the logistics node in the chain, and the distributor node to deliver corresponding goods to the importer node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract and store the delivery contract generated by the logistics node in the chain;
the export underwriter node warranty financing module is used for deploying a warranty agreement and signing the chain according to the credit approval result jointly approved and confirmed and linked by the export underwriter node and the import underwriter node, after the export underwriter node signs and confirms the warranty agreement, the export underwriter node provides a certain proportion of trade financing and recording the chain to the export underwriter node according to a creditor transfer protocol transferring the creditor to the distributor node to the export underwriter, and then the export underwriter node signs and records the chain with the import underwriter node;
the dealer node warranty financing module is used for the dealer node to perform prepayment financing according to a warranty agreement signed and linked with the import underwriter node, the import underwriter node provides a set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, account transfer records are stored in a chain;
and the repayment module is used for transferring the goods money of the import merchant node to the import and export policy holder node, the export and policy holder node and the export merchant node in sequence after the account money is expired, completing the payment of the surplus money of the export merchant node, and storing the related transfer records in the process on the chain.
The application also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the export back-to-back insurance financing method based on the block chain.
The application also provides a storage medium, which comprises a stored program, and when the program runs, the device on which the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the outlet back-to-back insurance financing method based on the block chain.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the method makes full use of distributed account book technology, asymmetric encryption technology, intelligent contract technology, Hash algorithm, digital signature, identity authentication and other technologies in the block chain, so that certificates of contracts, receipts and the like of all business stages in the export double-insurance process can be accurately verified at high speed on the chain, the efficiency of the whole process is improved, the time is saved, the cost is reduced, the financing process is simplified, and the rapid operation of transactions can be promoted. Specifically, the authenticity and the non-falsification of data are guaranteed by utilizing an application block chain technology, the data are disclosed and transparent, the problem of information asymmetry among all participating main bodies in the whole export double-insurance-processing flow, particularly among exporters, export insurance providers, importers and import insurance providers is effectively solved, further the possibility of default and fraud of all participating parties is reduced, the trust and risk problems of all links of the exporters using accounts receivable and financing, the exporters repayment and the like are solved, and the rights and interests of all parties are guaranteed; the application utilizes a black-and-white list mechanism system, can effectively urge each enterprise on the chain to better standardize own behaviors in the whole transaction flow for the enterprise credit of the enterprise and the long-term development in the future, and particularly can effectively improve the phenomenon that exporters, importers and importers do not actively act when own interests are not damaged and cannot be recovered when own interests are damaged; the method and the device have the advantages that the important participating nodes form a chain by utilizing the block chain technology, the transaction information of each node is recorded and linked, the whole process is public and transparent, the transaction safety and efficiency are improved, the credit problem of each participating main body is solved, the trust mechanism in international trade is remodeled, all information on the chain has traceability, the transaction cost is greatly saved, and the transaction efficiency is improved.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages will be apparent from the present application. The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a network deployment diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an export back-to-back insurance financing method based on a block chain according to the preferred embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic service timing diagram of an export back-to-back insurance financing method based on block chains according to another preferred embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a block chain based exit back-to-back insurance financing apparatus module in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device entity of the preferred embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
For the convenience of understanding, the technical terms and the multi-party nodes involved in the blockchain network in the outlet back-to-back policy financing method based on blockchain will be explained first.
The block chain technology, also called as distributed book technology, is an emerging technology in which a plurality of computer devices participate in 'accounting' together, and maintain a complete distributed database together. The blockchain is a novel application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, a consensus mechanism and an encryption algorithm. Broadly, the blockchain technique is a completely new distributed infrastructure and computing approach that utilizes blockchain data structures to verify and store data, utilizes distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, utilizes cryptography to secure data transmission and access, and utilizes intelligent contracts composed of automated script code to program and manipulate data.
The intelligent contract technology is essentially a program written in a certain computing programming language, which is stored in a container provided by a blockchain system and automatically runs under the trigger of a certain external or internal condition. The intelligent contract is reflected in the real world, the rules in the real world are realized by using a computer language, the machine is ensured to automatically execute the preset intelligent contract calculation under certain conditions, and the rules cannot be tampered once fixed. An intelligent contract is a special protocol that aims to provide, validate and execute contracts. In particular, smart contracts are an important reason why blockchains are referred to as "decentralized," which allows us to perform traceable, irreversible, and secure transactions without the need for third parties. The intelligent contract contains all information about the transaction, is subject to a binding digital protocol, and performs the resulting operation only after the requirements are met.
The asymmetric encryption technology is different from symmetric encryption, keys used in the encryption and decryption processes of the asymmetric encryption are different and are divided into public keys and private keys, when the public keys are used for encrypting data, only the corresponding private keys can be used for decryption, when the private keys are used for encrypting data, only the corresponding public keys can be used for decryption, two users are supposed to encrypt and exchange data, the public keys are exchanged by the two users, one party is encrypted by the public key of the other party during use, and the other party can be used for decryption by the private key of the other party. Suppose A encrypts the message by the public key of B and signs by the private key of A, B receives the message, firstly verifies the signature by the public key of A, and decrypts the message by the private key of B after confirmation. Since the public key can be made public, the user only needs to keep the own private key, so the distribution of the encryption key becomes very simple. Meanwhile, because the private key of each user is unique, other users can verify whether the source of the information is real or not through the public key of the information sender, and the sender can be ensured not to deny that the information is sent once through the digital signature. Currently, the asymmetric encryption algorithm is usually used as RSA algorithm and elliptic curve algorithm (ECSDA).
The Hash algorithm, which is a very fundamental and important computer algorithm, can map binary plaintext strings of any length into shorter binary strings (Hash values) of fixed length, and different plaintext is difficult to map into the same Hash value. An excellent Hash algorithm can implement the following functions: forward fast, reverse difficult, input sensitive, collision avoidance, and therefore, the Hash algorithm is also called fingerprint (fingerprint) or digest (digest).
The digital identity is authenticated by adopting a digital signature technology, the digital signature utilizes the principle of cryptography, has uniqueness relative to a signer during use, and is computationally infeasible to forge a digital signature, so that the real identity of the signer can be identified through the digital signature, and the identity cannot be repudiated.
Digital time-stamp (digital time-stamp) is a technology for safely confirming and efficiently maintaining the transaction or the specific time of the transaction in the network, and has legal effectiveness and no way for any organization or person to tamper with the timestamp to confirm the transaction or the time and date of the transaction. All nodes participating in transaction data recording in the block chain can guarantee the occurrence time of the written block data to be real and effective through time verification of the digital time stamps, and therefore reliable time guarantee is provided for the data input sequence and the chain storage in the block chain. The time stamp ensures that the occurrence time of the historical transaction has non-falsification and non-repudiation, and all historical data can be sequentially traced through the time stamp.
The digital certificate is an electronic document issued by a CA authentication center, is a string of numbers capable of indicating network user identity information, and provides a way of verifying the identity of a network user on a computer network, so the digital certificate is also called digital identification. The digital certificate guarantees the integrity and safety of information and data in the computer network traffic of network users in an encrypted or decrypted form.
The consensus mechanism is used for completing the verification and confirmation of the transaction in a short time through the voting of special nodes; for a transaction, if several nodes with irrelevant benefits can achieve consensus, we can consider that the whole network can achieve consensus for the node.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the application is divided into four parts, namely a block chain subsystem, an identity authentication subsystem, an intelligent contract subsystem and a black and white list mechanism system.
Block chain subsystem: the system is used for storing transaction data of a transaction process, ensuring that the data cannot be tampered, providing trustable data and being capable of inquiring and tracing the transaction data.
The identity authentication subsystem: the identity of each participating node is uniquely identified by technologies such as asymmetric encryption, a hash algorithm and the like, and the participating party of each transaction is verified, so that the bill cannot be counterfeited, and the data safety and privacy are ensured.
The intelligent contract subsystem: the system is used for realizing the automatic execution of the whole transaction process, and automatically executes the next step when the transaction triggering condition is reached, so that a lot of manual operations are saved, and the rule can be ensured to be executed in a determined manner.
Black and white list mechanism system: the method is used for restricting the default behaviors of both import and export parties, and once the default condition occurs, the default behaviors are recorded on the chain, so that the trust degree of both import and export parties is improved, and the credit of a bank is protected.
As shown in the network deployment diagram of fig. 1, the network node for back-to-back insurance financing service based on the egress of the block chain includes:
oracle node (prophetic machine): a platform for providing external information, which can allow the block chain to be connected to any existing API, and can import, store and export information related to network nodes on the block chain, thereby realizing dynamic acquisition of the information;
a2. and (4) an export business node: a business or merchant engaged in export commerce. The commodity produced or processed in the country is transported to overseas markets for sale;
a3. export policy provider node: a party accepting the transfer of accounts by the supplier according to a warranty agreement;
a4. import merchant node: enterprises or merchants engaged in import commerce. Buying goods from abroad with own funds, and then selling the goods to local enterprises or processing the goods and then selling the goods to other countries;
a5. importing the insurance manager node: receiving a party for account transfer from an export policy holder according to a policy agreement;
a6. the dealer node: affiliates (subsidiaries) or affiliates of the exporter;
a7. quality testing mechanism node: inspecting the quality of the goods;
a8. logistics nodes: the system is in charge of transporting goods and ensuring the goods to be safely reached.
As shown in fig. 2, a preferred embodiment of the present application provides an export back-to-back insurance financing method based on blockchain, comprising the steps of:
s1, the exporter node negotiates with the distributor node to make a trade contract according to the credit conditions of the importer node and the distributor node and the two parties sign and confirm the chain, and the distributor node negotiates with the importer node to make a trade contract according to the trade contract signed with the exporter node and the two parties sign and confirm the chain;
s2, the exporter node delivers corresponding goods to the distributor node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract, and stores the shipment contract generated by the logistics node in the chain, the distributor node delivers corresponding goods to the importer node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract, and stores the shipment contract generated by the logistics node in the chain;
s3, the export sponsor node deploys the warranty agreement and signs the chain according to the line approval result which is jointly approved and confirmed and linked by the export sponsor node and the import sponsor node, after the export sponsor node signs the warranty agreement, the export sponsor node provides a certain proportion of trade financing and records the chain linking to the export sponsor node according to the claim transfer protocol which transfers the claim to the export sponsor, and then the export sponsor node signs the warranty agreement and the import sponsor node and records the chain linking;
s4, the dealer node performs prepayment financing according to the chain guarantee agreement signed and linked with the import guarantee manager node, the import guarantee manager node provides the set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, the transfer record is stored in the chain;
and S5, after the account is expired, transferring the goods money of the import merchant node to the import and export policy holder node, the export and insurance manager node and the export merchant node in sequence to finish the payment of the remainder of the export merchant node, and storing the related transfer records in the period on the chain.
The invention provides an export back-to-back insurance financing method, an export back-to-back insurance financing device and electronic equipment based on a block chain. Specifically, the authenticity and the non-falsification of data are guaranteed by utilizing an application block chain technology, the data are disclosed and transparent, the problem of information asymmetry among all participating main bodies in the whole export double-insurance-processing flow, particularly among exporters, export insurance providers, importers and import insurance providers is effectively solved, further the possibility of default and fraud of all participating parties is reduced, the trust and risk problems of all links of the exporters using accounts receivable and financing, the exporters repayment and the like are solved, and the rights and interests of all parties are guaranteed; the application utilizes a black-and-white list mechanism system, can effectively urge each enterprise on the chain to better standardize own behaviors in the whole transaction flow for the enterprise credit of the enterprise and the long-term development in the future, and particularly can effectively improve the phenomenon that exporters, importers and importers do not actively act when own interests are not damaged and cannot be recovered when own interests are damaged; the method and the device have the advantages that the important participating nodes form a chain by utilizing the block chain technology, the transaction information of each node is recorded and linked, the whole process is public and transparent, the transaction safety and efficiency are improved, the credit problem of each participating main body is solved, the trust mechanism in international trade is remodeled, all information on the chain has traceability, the transaction cost is greatly saved, and the transaction efficiency is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step S1 specifically includes the steps of:
s1, an exporter node queries credit conditions of an importer and a dealer by using a black-and-white list mechanism system through an Oracle node;
s2, after confirming that the credit of the importer and the dealer has no problem, the exporter node and the dealer node carry out online trade details, and after the trade contract is formulated, the exporter encrypts the trade contract by using a private key of the exporter and sends the trade contract to the dealer, and then the trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
s3, the dealer node verifies by using the public key of the exporter node, and after the trade contract is determined to be sent by the exporter node and the content is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using the private key of the dealer node;
s4, the dealer node negotiates trade details with the import dealer node according to a trade contract signed with the export dealer node, and after the trade contract is formulated, the dealer node encrypts the trade contract and sends the encrypted trade contract to the dealer, and the encrypted trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
and S5, the importer node verifies the trade contract sent by the distributor node and then carries out signature confirmation.
Before signing a trade contract, the embodiment firstly queries the credit conditions of the importer and the distributor through the Oracle node by using a black-and-white list mechanism system through the exporter node. The authenticity of credit investigation data of the internal borrower nodes is called through the intervention of the Oracle nodes, counterfeiting is prevented, and therefore the loan risk of financing nodes is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step S2 specifically includes the steps of:
s21, quality inspection mechanism nodes perform quality inspection on goods to be exported to the dealer node by the exporter node, and a commodity inspection qualified certificate is formed and recorded on the chain;
s22, distributing goods to the dealer by the exporter node according to the signed trade contract, and enabling the logistics node to be responsible for conveying the goods to the dealer node, and meanwhile, generating a goods delivery contract and storing the goods delivery contract on the chain;
s23, quality inspection mechanism nodes perform quality inspection on the goods to be delivered to the importer node by the distributor node, and a commodity inspection qualified certificate is formed and recorded on the chain;
and S24, distributing goods to the importers by the distributor nodes according to the signed trade contracts, transporting the goods to the importer nodes by the logistics nodes, and generating and storing the goods transporting contracts on the chains by the logistics nodes.
In the delivery process of the embodiment, relevant document information related to the exporter node, the distributor node, the quality inspection mechanism node and the logistics node is published on a chain after being digitally signed by the relevant nodes in the collaborative process, and through the consensus mechanism and repeated confirmation of the nodes, people keep accounts, so that the information is guaranteed to be untrustworthy and transparently published, the integrity, the trueness, the reliability and the real-time controllability of the information are guaranteed, the financing risk is reduced, and the exporter node and the distributor node perform quality inspection on the goods through the quality inspection mechanism node and record relevant goods inspection qualified certificates on the chain before delivery, so that the goods are guaranteed to be complete, truthful and reliable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step S3 specifically includes:
s31, preparing a warranty application by the exporter node according to the trade contract, encrypting the warranty application by using a private key of the exporter node, sending the warranty application to the exporter node, and recording the warranty application on the chain;
s32, after the export policy holder node determines the policy application, deploying a limit approval application on the block chain, recording a signature on the chain and sending the signature to the import policy holder node;
s33, the import insurance manager node conducts limit approval on the dealer node according to the limit approval application, and then sends a limit approval result signature to the export insurance manager node and uploads the limit approval result signature to the block chain;
s34, the export policy holder node sends a limit approval result to the export merchant node, and the export merchant node confirms the checking result;
s35, the export trader node deploys a guarantee management protocol on the block chain, and the signature is recorded on the chain and is sent to the export guarantee trader node;
s36, after the export policy holder node confirms that the content of the policy protocol is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using a private key of the export policy holder node, and the signature confirmation is recorded on the chain;
s37, the export node transfers the creditor to the distributor node through the creditor transfer protocol and stores the creditor to the export policy holder node;
s38, the export policy holder node provides a certain proportion of trade financing for the export policy holder node according to the claim transfer protocol, and transfers the accounting record to the block chain;
and S39, the export security manager node and the import security manager node sign a security protocol and record the protocol on the chain.
In the process of applying for warranty and financing by the exporter node, the exporter warrant node, the importer warrant node and the dealer node publish related document information on a chain after being digitally signed by each related node in the collaborative process, and after the consensus mechanism and repeated confirmation of each node, people keep accounts, guarantee that the information cannot be falsified and is transparently published, guarantee that the information is complete, lossless, real, reliable, controllable in real time, and reduce the financing risk.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step S4 specifically includes:
s41, the dealer node transfers the creditor to the import security manager node, prepares a security application according to the trade contract, encrypts the creditor application, sends the encrypted creditor application to the import security manager node, and records the encrypted creditor application on a chain;
s42, the import security manager node signs a security agreement with the distributor node according to the limit approval result and stores the agreement in the block chain;
s43, the dealer node performs prepayment and financing according to the warranty agreement, and the imported warranty dealer node provides a set proportion of accounts receivable, wherein the set proportion can be 80%, for example, and meanwhile, the transfer records are stored in the chain.
In the process of applying for warranty and financing by the dealer node, after the dealer node applies for warranty to the import insurance manager node, the import insurance manager node signs a warranty agreement with the dealer node according to the limit approval result and stores the agreement on the block chain, then the dealer node performs prepayment and financing according to the warranty agreement, and the import insurance manager node provides a set proportion of receivable accounts and stores the account transfer record on the chain. In the process of applying for warranty and financing by the dealer node, related information is published on the chain after being digitally signed by each related node, and through the consensus mechanism and repeated confirmation of each node, the people keep accounts, the information is guaranteed to be untrustable and transparently disclosed, the integrity, the non-damage, the trueness, the reliability, the real-time controllability and the financing risk are guaranteed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the step S5 specifically includes:
s51, after the account is expired, the import merchant node pays the goods to the import insurance manager node and stores the transfer record in a chain;
s52, after deducting the cost, the import insurance manager node transfers the money to the export insurance manager node, and saves the transfer record on the chain;
and S53, after the export policy holder node deducts the related cost, paying the surplus money to the export policy holder node, and storing the transfer record in the chain.
In the repayment process, after the account is due, the import service provider node pays the goods money to the import insurance provider node, the transfer records are stored in the chain, the import insurance provider node deducts the cost, transfers the goods money to the export insurance provider node, stores the transfer records in the chain, and finally, the export insurance provider node deducts the related cost, pays the rest money to the export service provider node, and stores the transfer records in the chain. Because the related information such as the claim records in the process are published on the chain after being digitally signed by each related node, and through the consensus mechanism and repeated confirmation of each node, people keep accounts, the information is guaranteed to be not falsified and transparently disclosed, the integrity, the non-damage, the trueness, the reliability, the real-time controllability and the financing risk are guaranteed to be reduced.
As shown in fig. 3, the preferred embodiment of the present application further provides an export back-to-back insurance financing method based on blockchain, comprising the steps of:
s1, an exporter node queries credit conditions of an importer and a dealer by using a black-and-white list mechanism system through an Oracle node;
s2, after confirming that the credit of the importer and the dealer has no problem, the exporter node and the dealer node carry out online trade details, and after the trade contract is formulated, the exporter encrypts the trade contract by using a private key of the exporter and sends the trade contract to the dealer, and then the trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
s3, the dealer node verifies by using the public key of the exporter node, and after the trade contract is determined to be sent by the exporter node and the content is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using the private key of the dealer node;
s4, the dealer node negotiates trade details with the import dealer node according to a trade contract signed with the export dealer node, and after the trade contract is formulated, the dealer node encrypts the trade contract and sends the encrypted trade contract to the dealer, and the encrypted trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
s5, verifying the trade contract sent by the dealer node by the importer node, and then carrying out signature confirmation;
s6, the quality inspection mechanism node performs quality inspection on the goods to be exported to the dealer node by the exporter node to form a commodity inspection qualified certificate and records the commodity inspection qualified certificate on the chain;
s7, distributing goods to the dealer by the exporter node according to the signed trade contract, and enabling the logistics node to be responsible for conveying the goods to the dealer node, and meanwhile, generating a goods delivery contract and storing the goods delivery contract on the chain;
s8, quality inspection mechanism nodes perform quality inspection on the goods to be delivered to the importer nodes by the distributor nodes to form a goods inspection qualified certificate and record the certificate on the chain;
s9, distributing goods to the importers by the dealer node according to the signed trade contract, and transporting the goods to the importer node by the logistics node, wherein the logistics node generates a goods transportation contract and stores the goods transportation contract on a chain;
s10, preparing a warranty application by the exporter node according to the trade contract, encrypting the warranty application by using a private key of the exporter node, sending the warranty application to the exporter node, and recording the warranty application on the chain;
s11, after the export policy holder node determines the policy application, deploying a limit approval application on the block chain, recording a signature on the chain and sending the signature to the import policy holder node;
s12, the import insurance manager node carries out limit approval on the dealer node according to the limit approval application, and then sends a limit approval result signature to the export insurance manager node and uploads the result to the block chain;
s13, the export policy holder node sends a limit approval result to the export merchant node, and the export merchant node confirms the checking result;
s14, the export trader node deploys a guarantee management protocol on the block chain, and the signature is recorded on the chain and is sent to the export guarantee trader node;
s15, after the export policy holder node confirms that the content of the policy protocol is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using a private key of the export policy holder node, and the signature confirmation is recorded on the chain;
s16, the export node transfers the creditor to the distributor node through the creditor transfer protocol and stores the creditor to the export policy holder node;
s17, the export policy holder node provides a certain proportion of trade financing to the export policy holder node according to the claim transfer protocol, and transfers the accounting record to the block chain;
s18, the export security manager node and the import security manager node sign a security protocol and record the protocol on a chain;
s19, the dealer node transfers the creditor to the import security manager node, prepares a security application according to the trade contract, encrypts the creditor application, sends the encrypted creditor application to the import security manager node, and records the encrypted creditor application on a chain;
s20, the import security manager node signs a security agreement with the distributor node according to the limit approval result and stores the security agreement in a block chain;
s21, the dealer node performs prepayment and financing according to a warranty agreement, the imported warranty dealer node provides a set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, account transfer records are stored in a chain;
s22, after the account is expired, the import merchant node pays the goods to the import insurance manager node and stores the transfer records in a chain;
s23, after deducting the cost, the import insurance manager node transfers the money to the export insurance manager node, and saves the transfer record on the chain;
and S24, after the export policy holder node deducts the related cost, paying the surplus money to the export policy holder node, and storing the transfer record in the chain.
As shown in fig. 4, the preferred embodiment of the present application further provides an export back-to-back insurance financing apparatus based on block chains, comprising:
the trade contract signing module is used for the export node to negotiate with the distributor node according to the credit conditions of the import node and the distributor node to draw up a trade contract and to be signed by both parties to confirm the uplink, and the distributor node to negotiate with the import node to draw up the trade contract according to the trade contract signed with the export node and to be signed by both parties to confirm the uplink;
the delivery module is used for the exporter node to deliver corresponding goods to the distributor node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract and store the delivery contract generated by the logistics node in the chain, and the distributor node to deliver corresponding goods to the importer node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract and store the delivery contract generated by the logistics node in the chain;
the export underwriter node warranty financing module is used for deploying a warranty agreement and signing the chain according to the credit approval result jointly approved and confirmed and linked by the export underwriter node and the import underwriter node, after the export underwriter node signs and confirms the warranty agreement, the export underwriter node provides a certain proportion of trade financing and recording the chain to the export underwriter node according to a creditor transfer protocol transferring the creditor to the distributor node to the export underwriter, and then the export underwriter node signs and records the chain with the import underwriter node;
the dealer node warranty financing module is used for the dealer node to perform prepayment financing according to a warranty agreement signed and linked with the import underwriter node, the import underwriter node provides a set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, account transfer records are stored in a chain;
and the repayment module is used for transferring the goods money of the import merchant node to the import and export policy holder node, the export and policy holder node and the export merchant node in sequence after the account money is expired, completing the payment of the surplus money of the export merchant node, and storing the related transfer records in the process on the chain.
As shown in fig. 5, another embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the processor implements the block chain-based export back-to-back insurance financing method.
Another embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, where the storage medium includes a stored program, and when the program runs, the apparatus on which the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the export back-to-back insurance financing method based on the block chain.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
the method and the system have the advantages that the complete information of the trade insurance financing process under the whole export credit insurance item is published on the chain through the block chain technology, through the consensus mechanism and repeated confirmation of all nodes, people keep accounts, the information is guaranteed to be not falsified and transparently disclosed, the information is guaranteed to be complete, lossless, real and reliable, and the credit risk of all parties is reduced. In a traditional mode, each participating main body in the transaction is divided into different administrative departments, information islands exist among the parties, the participating main bodies usually consume a large amount of time cost and money cost due to the asymmetric information problem, and the transaction efficiency and the transaction success rate are greatly reduced. The important participating nodes form a chain by utilizing a block chain technology, transaction information of each node is recorded and linked, the whole process is public and transparent, the security and the efficiency of transaction are improved, the credit problem of each participating main body is solved, a trust mechanism in international trade is reconstructed, all information on the chain has traceability, the transaction cost is greatly saved, and the transaction efficiency is improved.
The method and the device utilize technologies such as asymmetric encryption technology, intelligent contract technology, Hash algorithm, digital signature and identity authentication in the block chain, replace processes such as examination, order making, telegraph and mailing and the like of a large amount of manpower and time occupied in the traditional settlement process, improve the verification efficiency of various document certificates, simplify the trade insurance financing process under the export credit insurance item, and promote the intelligent and rapid operation of the whole financing process on the premise of ensuring the safety.
The method adopts a calculation programming language to preset a program, automatically runs when triggered by certain external or internal conditions, and executes the next operation only when the preset conditions are met, so that the machine automatically executes the preset intelligent contract calculation under certain conditions, and once the rules are fixed, the rules cannot be tampered, thereby ensuring the normalization of the business files and the correctness of the application operation. The block chain technology can improve the verification efficiency of banks, reduce bank risks, standardize the operation flow of nodes of manufacturing enterprises, improve the efficiency of financing business and standardize business flow.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
The functions of the method of the present embodiment, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in one or more storage media readable by a computing device. Based on such understanding, part of the contribution to the prior art of the embodiments of the present application or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including several instructions for causing a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile computing device or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An export back-to-back insurance financing method based on a block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the exporter node negotiates with the distributor node to make a trade contract according to the credit conditions of the importer node and the distributor node and the two parties sign and confirm the chain, and the distributor node negotiates with the importer node to make a trade contract according to the trade contract signed with the exporter node and the two parties sign and confirm the chain;
s2, the exporter node delivers corresponding goods to the distributor node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract, and stores the shipment contract generated by the logistics node in the chain, the distributor node delivers corresponding goods to the importer node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract, and stores the shipment contract generated by the logistics node in the chain;
s3, the export sponsor node deploys the warranty agreement and signs the chain according to the line approval result which is jointly approved and confirmed and linked by the export sponsor node and the import sponsor node, after the export sponsor node signs the warranty agreement, the export sponsor node provides a certain proportion of trade financing and records the chain linking to the export sponsor node according to the claim transfer protocol which transfers the claim to the export sponsor, and then the export sponsor node signs the warranty agreement and the import sponsor node and records the chain linking;
s4, the dealer node performs prepayment financing according to the chain guarantee agreement signed and linked with the import guarantee manager node, the import guarantee manager node provides the set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, the transfer record is stored in the chain;
and S5, after the account is expired, transferring the goods money of the import merchant node to the import and export policy holder node, the export and insurance manager node and the export merchant node in sequence to finish the payment of the remainder of the export merchant node, and storing the related transfer records in the period on the chain.
2. The outlet back-to-back insurance financing method based on block chain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the step S1 specifically includes the steps of:
s11, the exporter node queries credit conditions of the importer and the dealers through an Oracle node by using a black-and-white list mechanism system;
s12, after confirming that the credit of the importer and the dealer has no problem, the exporter node and the dealer node carry out online trade details, and after the trade contract is formulated, the exporter encrypts the trade contract by using a private key of the exporter and sends the trade contract to the dealer, and then the trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
s13, the dealer node verifies by using the public key of the exporter node, and after the trade contract is determined to be sent by the exporter node and the content is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using the private key of the dealer node;
s14, the dealer node negotiates trade details with the import dealer node according to a trade contract signed with the export dealer node, and after the trade contract is formulated, the dealer node encrypts the trade contract and sends the encrypted trade contract to the dealer, and the encrypted trade contract is recorded on a block chain;
and S15, the importer node verifies the trade contract sent by the distributor node and then carries out signature confirmation.
3. The block chain based export back-to-back insurance financing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step S2 further comprises:
before the export node and the distributor node deliver the goods, the quality inspection is carried out on the goods through the quality inspection mechanism node, and the relevant goods inspection qualified certificate is recorded on the chain.
4. The outlet back-to-back insurance financing method based on block chain as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the step S2 specifically includes the steps of:
s21, quality inspection mechanism nodes perform quality inspection on goods to be exported to the dealer node by the exporter node, and a commodity inspection qualified certificate is formed and recorded on the chain;
s22, distributing goods to the dealer by the exporter node according to the signed trade contract, and enabling the logistics node to be responsible for conveying the goods to the dealer node, and meanwhile, generating a goods delivery contract and storing the goods delivery contract on the chain;
s23, quality inspection mechanism nodes perform quality inspection on the goods to be delivered to the importer node by the distributor node, and a commodity inspection qualified certificate is formed and recorded on the chain;
and S24, distributing goods to the importers by the distributor nodes according to the signed trade contracts, transporting the goods to the importer nodes by the logistics nodes, and generating and storing the goods transporting contracts on the chains by the logistics nodes.
5. The outlet back-to-back insurance financing method based on block chain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the step S3 specifically includes:
s31, preparing a warranty application by the exporter node according to the trade contract, encrypting the warranty application by using a private key of the exporter node, sending the warranty application to the exporter node, and recording the warranty application on the chain;
s32, after the export policy holder node determines the policy application, deploying a limit approval application on the block chain, recording a signature on the chain and sending the signature to the import policy holder node;
s33, the import insurance manager node conducts limit approval on the dealer node according to the limit approval application, and then sends a limit approval result signature to the export insurance manager node and uploads the limit approval result signature to the block chain;
s34, the export policy holder node sends a limit approval result to the export merchant node, and the export merchant node confirms the checking result;
s35, the export trader node deploys a guarantee management protocol on the block chain, and the signature is recorded on the chain and is sent to the export guarantee trader node;
s36, after the export policy holder node confirms that the content of the policy protocol is correct, signature confirmation is carried out by using a private key of the export policy holder node, and the signature confirmation is recorded on the chain;
s37, the export node transfers the creditor to the distributor node through the creditor transfer protocol and stores the creditor to the export policy holder node;
s38, the export policy holder node provides a certain proportion of trade financing for the export policy holder node according to the claim transfer protocol, and transfers the accounting record to the block chain;
and S39, the export security manager node and the import security manager node sign a security protocol and record the protocol on the chain.
6. The outlet back-to-back insurance financing method based on block chain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the step S4 specifically includes the steps of:
s41, the dealer node transfers the creditor to the import security manager node, prepares a security application according to the trade contract, encrypts the creditor application, sends the encrypted creditor application to the import security manager node, and records the encrypted creditor application on a chain;
s42, the import security manager node signs a security agreement with the distributor node according to the limit approval result and stores the agreement in the block chain;
s43, the dealer node performs prepayment and financing according to the warranty agreement, the imported warranty dealer node provides the set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, the account transfer record is stored in the chain.
7. The outlet back-to-back insurance financing method based on block chain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the step S5 specifically includes the steps of:
s51, after the account is expired, the import merchant node pays the goods to the import insurance manager node and stores the transfer record in a chain;
s52, after deducting the cost, the import insurance manager node transfers the money to the export insurance manager node, and saves the transfer record on the chain;
and S53, after the export policy holder node deducts the related cost, paying the surplus money to the export policy holder node, and storing the transfer record in the chain.
8. An export back-to-back warranty financing device based on blockchain, comprising:
the trade contract signing module is used for the export node to negotiate with the distributor node according to the credit conditions of the import node and the distributor node to draw up a trade contract and to be signed by both parties to confirm the uplink, and the distributor node to negotiate with the import node to draw up the trade contract according to the trade contract signed with the export node and to be signed by both parties to confirm the uplink;
the delivery module is used for the exporter node to deliver corresponding goods to the distributor node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract and store the delivery contract generated by the logistics node in the chain, and the distributor node to deliver corresponding goods to the importer node through the logistics node according to the signed trade contract and store the delivery contract generated by the logistics node in the chain;
the export underwriter node warranty financing module is used for deploying a warranty agreement and signing the chain according to the credit approval result jointly approved and confirmed and linked by the export underwriter node and the import underwriter node, after the export underwriter node signs and confirms the warranty agreement, the export underwriter node provides a certain proportion of trade financing and recording the chain to the export underwriter node according to a creditor transfer protocol transferring the creditor to the distributor node to the export underwriter, and then the export underwriter node signs and records the chain with the import underwriter node;
the dealer node warranty financing module is used for the dealer node to perform prepayment financing according to a warranty agreement signed and linked with the import underwriter node, the import underwriter node provides a set proportion of accounts receivable, and meanwhile, account transfer records are stored in a chain;
and the repayment module is used for transferring the goods money of the import merchant node to the import and export policy holder node, the export and policy holder node and the export merchant node in sequence after the account money is expired, completing the payment of the surplus money of the export merchant node, and storing the related transfer records in the process on the chain.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the blockchain based export back-to-back insurance financing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, controls a device on which the storage medium resides to perform the block chain based export back-to-back insurance financing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN114897527A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 西南交通大学 | Authentication method for realizing commercial warranty claim value based on workload certification |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114897527A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 西南交通大学 | Authentication method for realizing commercial warranty claim value based on workload certification |
| CN114897527B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-03-14 | 西南交通大学 | Authentication method for realizing commercial warranty claim value based on workload certification |
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