CN113850448B - Management method and system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts - Google Patents
Management method and system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a management method and a system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts.A processing center controls the spare part inventory of a central library by adopting a node strategy, and when the number of spare parts in the inventory of the central library is reduced to a spare part node M, the spare parts with the spare part quantity of N are ordered to a regional library; the regional warehouse pre-judges whether spare part stock of the central warehouse is about to be insufficient in advance, and prepares spare parts with the spare quantity of N in advance; when the order information of the central library is received, the spare parts with the spare quantity of N are subjected to order receiving and issuing; when the spare parts in the basic bin are in a saturated state or a backlog state or the inventory of the regional bin is reduced to a spare node, the dispatching control system is started to dispatch the spare parts to the basic bin, so that the optimal consumption and dispatching management of the spare part inventory are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spare part management, and particularly relates to a management method and a management system for spare part consumption and scheduling.
Background
Spare part management is namely the management of aspects such as purchasing, warehousing, statistics, examination and approval of spare parts, and is a key link for managing equipment maintenance resources. For the equipment maintenance plan and the unplanned maintenance of an enterprise, the spare parts management is very important, and only by scientifically and reasonably storing and applying the spare parts, a large amount of cost can be saved in the scheduled maintenance stage, and the efficiency and the quality of the equipment maintenance are improved.
At present, the spare parts mostly adopt the mode of manual management, and the additional information record such as spare part version, guarantee period is incomplete, and stock spare part can not normal use in time upgrading. Many spare parts are aged or technically eliminated due to too long storage time, so that software upgrading and maintenance cost are increased. In addition, the problems of incomplete data, single object allocation mode and the like exist, the objects which cannot be used cannot be found in time, and the objects cannot be found until the objects are taken to the site, so that the problems frequently occur, time and labor are consumed, and the working efficiency is not high. 3) When spare parts in a warehouse change, the inventory data cannot be updated in real time, so that warehouse management and use of the spare parts are out of gear, and the spare parts cannot be accurately mastered.
For example, in patent document CN111429284A, a new energy fan spare part joint storage trading platform system is proposed, which includes a supplier management module, a commodity information management module, an inventory management module, an order management module, a background management module, and a data analysis module; the management process comprises the following steps: signing a joint storage protocol, standardizing spare part data, constructing a spare part joint storage trading platform, realizing data updating and sharing, and organizing suppliers to participate in the joint storage trading platform. According to the technical scheme, the association of regional enterprises, operation farms and suppliers needs to be strengthened, the types, the quantity and the quality of spare parts need to be comprehensively mastered, and the data volume needing to be updated is huge.
For another example, in patent document CN110059856A, a spare part inventory optimization method and device are proposed, in which a spare part system availability index is set; based on the availability index, establishing a spare part inventory optimization model by taking the spare part availability as a constraint condition and taking the minimum total guarantee cost of the spare part as an optimization target; and solving the spare part inventory optimization model by adopting a marginal effect method, and determining an optimal inventory scheme of the spare parts. However, the technical scheme is only suitable for the situation of few logistics levels, and the inventory optimization model cannot be accurately established on a management system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts with more warehouses and larger levels.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a management system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts, which comprises a central library, a regional library and a basic warehouse:
the central library comprises a processing center, a document recording center and a ordering unit; the processing center controls the spare part inventory of the central warehouse by adopting a node strategy, and orders the spare parts through the ordering unit when the number of the spare parts in the spare part inventory of the central warehouse is reduced to a spare part node M, wherein the spare parts with the spare part quantity of N are ordered each time; the document recording center is used for recording spare part data of the center library;
the regional library comprises a controller, a receiving unit and a scheduling control system; the order receiving unit is used for receiving the signal of the order placing unit and receiving and issuing the stock quantity N; the controller comprises a prediction unit and a stock unit, wherein the prediction unit is wirelessly connected to the document recording center, and is used for pre-judging whether stock of spare parts in a central warehouse is about to be insufficient in advance and controlling the stock unit to prepare the spare parts with the stock quantity of N in advance; the dispatching control system is used for dispatching spare parts to the basic bin by the regional bin.
Further, the dispatching control system has two spare part dispatching modes, wherein the first mode is that when the spare parts in the basic bin are in a saturated state or a backlog state, the dispatching is started, and the second mode is that when the inventory of the regional bin is reduced to a spare node, the dispatching is started.
Further, for the second mode, the dispatch control system continuously checks the status of the spare part inventory of the regional library using a maximum inventory strategy, and orders the base bin and brings the regional library to maximum inventory if the quantity of spare part inventory is below the order point level.
Further, for the first mode, first, the periodic saturation value A of the base bin is determined according to the following formula:
A=（TA-TT）·XA；
wherein, TARepresenting the actual number of turnaround days, T, of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic warehouse within the cycle timeTIndicating a threshold number of revolutions, X, of a spare part to be dispatched in the basic bin during the cycle timeARepresenting the predicted turnover rate of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic bin within the cycle time; when the period saturation value A reaches a saturation threshold value At, starting a scheduling control system to schedule the spare parts in the basic bin into a regional bank, wherein the scheduled number is calculated by the following formula:
N’＝A·γ- Y - R ；
wherein N' represents the dispatching quantity of the spare parts to be dispatched, A represents the periodic saturation value of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic warehouse, gamma represents the dispatching coefficient, Y represents the stock quantity in the regional warehouse, and R represents the real-time stock quantity of the spare parts to be dispatched in the regional warehouse.
Further, the prediction unit performs inventory shortage pre-judgment by adopting the following method:
step 1, collecting an existing stock value P of a central library and a spare part ex-warehouse rate F of the central library;
step 2, calculating the value of a safety stock coefficient k of the central library, wherein k = M/{ P (1-F) };
step 3, calculating a safety stock index S of the central library, wherein S = k × σ, and σ is a standard deviation of the existing stock P of the central library and a stock node M;
step 4, when S is lower than the threshold index STAnd if so, judging that the spare part stock of the central warehouse is about to be insufficient, and controlling a stock unit to prepare the stock quantity N required by the central warehouse in advance.
The invention also provides a management method realized by adopting the management system for consumption and scheduling, which comprises the following steps:
step one, controlling the stock of spare parts in a central warehouse by a processing center through a node strategy, and ordering the spare parts with the stock quantity of N to a regional warehouse when the number of the spare parts in the stock of the central warehouse is reduced to a stock node M;
step two, the regional warehouse pre-judges whether spare part stock of the central warehouse is about to be insufficient in advance, and prepares spare parts with spare quantity N in advance;
step three, when the order information of the central library is received, the spare parts with the stock quantity of N are subjected to order receiving and issuing;
and step four, when the spare parts in the basic bin are in a saturated state or a backlog state or the inventory of the regional bin is reduced to a spare node, starting a dispatching control system to dispatch the spare parts to the basic bin.
Further, the stock of the central warehouse is reduced to the stock node M at two times of T1 and T3, the arrival times of the spare parts purchased at two times of T1 and T3 are T2 and T4, respectively, the time period from the time when the spare part order is issued to the time when the spare parts arrive is defined as the lead time T', the time interval between two times of spare part purchase is the spare part purchase period Δ T,
ΔT=max{
, T’}；
in the formula, B is the number of devices of the spare part application covered by the central stock, and β is the failure probability of the spare part.
Furthermore, spare part purchasing is not carried out in the order lead period, and the delta T is more than or equal to T'.
Further, the order quantity N is greater than β B.
The management system for the consumption and the scheduling of the spare parts is oriented to national user units and all levels of maintenance and maintenance bases, can provide safe and reliable emergency spare part query, order management, spare part scheduling, quality guarantee service and the like, and provides one-stop spare part support service for users.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a management system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a node policy;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a management method for consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a management system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to the present invention, the management system having a central repository, a regional repository and a basic repository;
the central library is provided with a processing center, a document recording center and an ordering unit.
The processing center controls the spare part inventory of the center library by adopting a node strategy, and when the number of the spare parts in the inventory of the center library is reduced to M, the processing center purchases N spare parts at each time. M in the node strategy is a stock node, and N is a stock quantity.
As shown in the figureThe embodiment shown in fig. 2 is an example, and the process of the node policy is specifically described, for example, when the number of spare parts in the central library is reduced to the spare node M at two times T1 and T3, the spare parts need to be purchased. The spare parts purchased at two times are respectively T2 and T4. The time period from the time when the spare part order is issued to the time when the spare part is delivered is defined as the order lead period T'. Spare part purchasing is not carried out again in the order advance period; defining the time interval between two spare part purchases as the spare part purchase period delta T, i.e. [ T ] in the figure1,T3]The time period is the time corresponding to the consumption of N spare parts.
ΔT=max{
, T’} （1）；
In the formula, B is the number of devices of the spare part application covered by the central stock, and β is the failure probability of the spare part. Preferably, because spare part purchasing is not carried out in the order lead period, the delta T is more than or equal to T'; to ensure that inventory is not in tension, the order quantity N is preferably greater than β B.
When the number of spare parts in the inventory of the central library is reduced to a spare part node, the order placing unit is used for issuing orders to the regional library to carry out purchasing information.
The regional library comprises a controller, a receiving unit and a scheduling control system. And the order receiving unit is used for receiving the signal of the order placing unit and receiving and issuing the stock quantity N.
The controller comprises a prediction unit and a stock unit, wherein the prediction unit is wirelessly connected to a document recording center of the central library, receives the existing stock data of the central library, prejudges whether the stock of the spare parts of the central library is about to be insufficient in advance, and controls the stock unit to prepare the stock quantity N required by the central library in advance.
Specifically, the prediction unit performs the inventory shortage pre-judgment by adopting the following method:
1. acquiring an existing stock value P of a central library and a spare part ex-warehouse rate F of the central library;
2. calculating the value of the safety stock coefficient k of the central repository, k = M/{ P (1-F) };
3. calculating a safety stock index S of the central library, wherein S = k & ltsigma & gt, and sigma is a standard deviation of the existing stock P of the central library and a stock node M;
4. when S is lower than the threshold index STAnd if so, judging that the spare part stock of the central warehouse is about to be insufficient, and controlling a stock unit to prepare the stock quantity N required by the central warehouse in advance.
The dispatching control system is used for dispatching spare parts from the regional warehouse to the basic warehouse, and has two spare part dispatching modes.
The first mode is that spare parts in any one of a plurality of basic bins are in a saturated state or a backlog state, the second mode is that the inventory of the regional library is reduced to a spare node, namely the regional library is influenced to supply the spare parts to the central library, and for the second mode, the dispatching control system can adopt a node strategy to control the spare part inventory of the regional library.
The implementation of the first mode is specifically described below.
First, the periodic saturation values of a plurality of base bins are determined, and the periodic saturation value a of the goods to be dispatched in the base bins can be determined according to the following formula.
A=（TA-TT）·XA；
Wherein, TARepresenting the actual number of turnaround days, T, of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic warehouse within the cycle timeTIndicating a threshold number of revolutions, X, of a spare part to be dispatched in the basic bin during the cycle timeARepresenting the predicted turnover rate of the spare parts to be scheduled in the basic bin within the cycle time. The predicted turnover rate may be determined based on historical turnover data for the spare part.
Secondly, when the period saturation value a reaches the saturation threshold At, the scheduling control system may be started to schedule the spare parts in the warehouse into the regional library, and the number of schedules is calculated by the following formula:
N’＝A·γ- Y - R ；
wherein N' represents the dispatching quantity of the spare parts to be dispatched, A represents the periodic saturation value of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic warehouse, gamma represents the dispatching coefficient, Y represents the stock quantity in the regional warehouse, and R represents the real-time stock quantity of the spare parts to be dispatched in the regional warehouse.
In a preferred embodiment, the stock quantity of the central repository or the regional repository can be realized by an artificial neural network algorithm, the artificial neural network is a network system composed of a plurality of layers of neurons, the physical mechanism of the artificial neural network is similar to the brain information processing mechanism of a human body, and the error between the actual output and the ideal output is minimized through automatic mediation of connection parameters between the networks for a plurality of times, so that the nonlinear mapping relation between the input information and the output information of the spare part is determined. Therefore, the spare part input information, namely the spare goods amount, can be judged based on the mapping relation between the spare part input information and the spare part output information. Spare part inventory is related to a number of factors, such as: the using equipment condition of the spare part is closely related to the quality of the spare part; the commissioning time of the spare part is related to the life time of the spare part; time to failure of the spare part, etc.
In a preferred embodiment, the second mode of the dispatch control system may employ a maximum inventory strategy. The strategy is unique in having a fixed order point and maximum inventory, as well as the ability to ensure continuous supply, and requires constant checking of the status of the inventory, ordering and maximizing the inventory if the quantity of goods is below the order point level. That is, when the inventory is I and is less than the order point, the area library will be ordered, and the ordered amount is the difference between the maximum inventory and the current inventory. The node strategy is different from the node strategy in that the node strategy has greater flexibility and mobility, and whether goods need to be ordered or how many goods need to be ordered can be judged according to the quantity of the inventory goods.
As shown in fig. 3, a management method implemented by the management system for consumption and scheduling includes the following specific steps:
step one, controlling spare part inventory of a central library by a processing center by adopting a node strategy, and ordering spare parts with a spare part quantity of N to a regional library when the number of the spare parts in the inventory of the central library is reduced to a spare part node M;
step two, the regional warehouse pre-judges whether spare part inventory of the central warehouse is about to be insufficient in advance, prepares a spare part with the spare quantity of N in advance, and receives order issuing of the spare part with the spare quantity of N when receiving order information of the central warehouse;
and step three, when the spare parts in the basic bin are in a saturated state or a backlog state or the inventory of the regional bin is reduced to a spare node, starting a dispatching control system to dispatch the spare parts to the basic bin.
The consumption and scheduling management system, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A management system for consumption and scheduling of spare parts, comprising a central repository, a regional repository and a base repository:
the central library comprises a processing center, a document recording center and a ordering unit; the processing center controls the spare part inventory of the central warehouse by adopting a node strategy, and orders the spare parts through the ordering unit when the number of the spare parts in the spare part inventory of the central warehouse is reduced to a spare part node M, wherein the spare parts with the spare part quantity of N are ordered each time; the document recording center is used for recording spare part data of the center library;
the specific process of controlling the spare part inventory of the central library by the node strategy is as follows: when the spare part quantity of the spare part library of the central library is reduced to a spare part node M at two moments T1 and T3, the spare parts are purchased, the spare part arrival moments purchased at the two moments T1 and T3 are T2 and T4 respectively, the time period from the time when a spare part order is issued to the time when the spare parts arrive at the time is defined as an order lead T ', the spare part is not purchased again in the order lead T', and the time interval between two times of spare part purchase is defined as a spare part purchase period delta T,
in the formula, B is the equipment number of spare part application covered by the central stock, and beta is the fault probability of the spare part;
the regional library comprises a controller, a receiving unit and a scheduling control system; the order receiving unit is used for receiving the signal of the order placing unit and receiving and issuing the stock quantity N; the controller comprises a prediction unit and a stock unit, wherein the prediction unit is wirelessly connected to the document recording center, and is used for pre-judging whether stock of spare parts in a central warehouse is about to be insufficient in advance and controlling the stock unit to prepare the spare parts with the stock quantity of N in advance; the dispatching control system is used for dispatching spare parts to the basic bin by the regional bin.
2. A management system for the consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to claim 1, wherein the scheduling control system has two spare part scheduling modes, the first mode being the scheduling initiated when the spare parts in the base bin are in a saturated or backlog state, and the second mode being the scheduling initiated when the inventory of the regional pool is reduced to the spare node.
3. A management system for the consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to claim 2, wherein for the second mode, the scheduling control system continuously checks the status of the spare part inventory of the regional library using a maximum inventory strategy, and orders and brings the regional library to maximum inventory if the quantity of spare part inventory is below an order point level.
4. A management system for the consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, for the first mode, first the periodic saturation value a of the elementary bins is determined according to the following formula:
A=（TA-TT）·XA；
wherein, TARepresenting the actual number of turnaround days, T, of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic warehouse within the cycle timeTIndicating a threshold number of revolutions, X, of a spare part to be dispatched in the basic bin during the cycle timeARepresenting the predicted turnover rate of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic bin within the cycle time; when the period saturation value A reaches a saturation threshold value At, starting a scheduling control system to schedule the spare parts in the basic bin into a regional bank, wherein the scheduled number is calculated by the following formula:
N’＝A·γ- Y - R ；
wherein N' represents the dispatching quantity of the spare parts to be dispatched, A represents the periodic saturation value of the spare parts to be dispatched in the basic warehouse, gamma represents the dispatching coefficient, Y represents the stock quantity in the regional warehouse, and R represents the real-time stock quantity of the spare parts to be dispatched in the regional warehouse.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the prediction unit predicts the inventory shortfall by:
step 1, collecting an existing stock value P of a central library and a spare part ex-warehouse rate F of the central library;
step 2, calculating the value of a safety stock coefficient k of the central library, wherein k = M/{ P (1-F) };
step 3, calculating a safety stock index S of the central library, wherein S = k × σ, and σ is a standard deviation of the existing stock P of the central library and a stock node M;
step 4, when S is lower than the threshold index STAnd if so, judging that the spare part stock of the central warehouse is about to be insufficient, and controlling a stock unit to prepare the stock quantity N required by the central warehouse in advance.
6. Management method implemented with a management system for the consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step one, controlling the stock of spare parts in a central warehouse by a processing center through a node strategy, and ordering the spare parts with the stock quantity of N to a regional warehouse when the number of the spare parts in the stock of the central warehouse is reduced to a stock node M;
step two, the regional warehouse pre-judges whether spare part stock of the central warehouse is about to be insufficient in advance, and prepares spare parts with spare quantity N in advance;
step three, when the order information of the central library is received, the spare parts with the stock quantity of N are subjected to order receiving and issuing;
and step four, when the spare parts in the basic bin are in a saturated state or a backlog state or the inventory of the regional bin is reduced to a spare node, starting a dispatching control system to dispatch the spare parts to the basic bin.
7. The management method implemented by the management system for the consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to claim 6, wherein spare part procurement is not performed within the lead period of order, Δ T ≧ T'.
8. Management method implemented by a management system for the consumption and scheduling of spare parts according to claim 7, characterized in that the order quantity N is greater than β B.
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