CN113849981A - Direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on complex torque coefficient method - Google Patents
Direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on complex torque coefficient method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method, which is based on a traditional complex torque coefficient method, is used for further popularizing the complex torque coefficient analysis method into a generalized form for revealing an internal stability mechanism and influence factors of any system capable of being abstracted into a single-input-single-output structure, and is used for analyzing the influence of a dynamic process and an operation condition of a control system on oscillation characteristics by researching the interaction among subsystems and revealing a stability influence mechanism of system damping on a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system; the negative damping instability mechanism of the wind power plant is clearly and quantitatively explained, the problem that the traditional research method is only qualitative but not quantitative is effectively solved, and the method has the advantages of being scientific and reasonable, good in applicability, clear in mechanism and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission, in particular to a direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method.
Background
Wind power plants generally include dozens or even thousands of wind turbines, which are not only diverse in type, but also different in control parameters, and relatively complex in current collection circuit. Because wind power generation is connected to a power grid in a large scale, a power system has the characteristics of high-proportion new energy power generation and high-proportion electronization equipment, namely, a double-high power system has many new problems in operation safety, and therefore analysis of oscillation characteristics of a wind power plant needs to be solved urgently.
The basic principle of the complex torque coefficient method is that the electrical and mechanical parts of the synchronous generator set are divided into independent modules, the mechanical subsystem and the electrical subsystem can independently analyze input and output characteristics, after the two subsystems are respectively linearized, the two subsystems are coupled only through two variables, namely a rotor position angle disturbance quantity delta and an electromagnetic torque disturbance quantity delta Te of the generator, and 2 complex torque coefficients are used for respectively representing equivalent electrical torque and equivalent mechanical torque when the subsynchronous oscillation occurs in the power system. The real part of the complex torque coefficient represents the equivalent elastic coefficient of the torque, the imaginary part represents the equivalent damping coefficient of the torque, and the frequency scanning and numerical analysis are carried out on the coefficients to judge whether the system has oscillation risks under the torsional vibration frequency. The traditional complex torque coefficient method is suitable for a single input-single output (SISO) system, the system is abstracted into a single input-single output structure, the damping characteristic of the system on any frequency band to be researched can be given, the influence rule of system parameters on the stability of the system parameters is disclosed, and the influence of the dynamic process and the operation working condition of the control system on the oscillation characteristic is analyzed. With the wide-range access of new energy to the power system, the analysis method faces the problems of poor adaptability and the like.
In the prior art, the traditional complex torque coefficient method is only suitable for a single-machine-to-fixed-frequency power supply system but not for a multi-machine system, and the stability of the system can be quantitatively evaluated by a mode analysis method, but when the scale of the system to be researched is large, the method faces the problem of dimension disaster and can not give clear physical mechanism explanation; the impedance analysis method has the advantages of flexibility and portability of large-scale power grid analysis, but the obtained impedance matrix is a two-dimensional matrix and cannot be quantitatively analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method, aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, and the method analyzes the influence of the dynamic process and the operation condition of a control system on the oscillation characteristic by researching the interaction among subsystems and discloses the mechanism of the influence of the system damping on the stability of a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the invention is as follows: a direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) constructing a simulation model of a wind power plant access alternating current system, wherein the simulation model consists of a direct-drive wind power plant and a power grid:
direct-drive wind power plant modeling:
the direct-drive wind power plant adopts a single-machine multiplication model and is equivalently formed by connecting n 1.5MW direct-drive wind power units with the same operating working conditions and control parameters in parallel; the direct-drive wind turbine generator comprises: the system comprises a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a four-quadrant converter and a filter circuit; a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a machine side converter of a direct-drive wind turbine generator are equivalent to a controlled current source, a grid side converter is controlled by a grid voltage directional vector and is controlled by a given direct-current side voltage udcAnd generating a dq axis current reference value and a PI link with a reactive power reference value, adding feedforward compensation to obtain the output voltage of the grid-side converter, forming a switching function of the grid-side converter to control the on-off of the grid-side converter, wherein a main circuit mathematical model of the grid-side converter is a formula (1):
in the formula: l isfIs a filter inductor; i.e. idAnd iqRespectively outputting current d and current q-axis components by the grid-side converter; u shapedAnd UqThe modulation voltage d and the voltage q-axis components output by the current controller respectively; u shapetdAnd UtqThe voltage d and q axis components of the grid-connected point are respectively; omega is a rated rotating speed; u shapedcIs the capacitor voltage; c is a direct current capacitor; pmIs the input power;
secondly, modeling the power grid: the direct-drive wind turbine generator is equivalent to a controlled current source and passes through a filter inductor LfAnd a filter capacitor CfConnected to the grid part, the controlled current source mathematical model is (2):
in the formula: l isgThe equivalent inductance of the power grid; cfIs a filter capacitor; u shapetx、UtyThe voltage is the voltage of the grid-side converter terminal under a synchronous coordinate system; u shapegx、UgyThe grid voltage is under a synchronous coordinate system; i.e. igx、igyThe current is the current of the power grid under a synchronous coordinate system; i.e. igd、igqThe components of the current d and the current q axes of the power grid are shown; u shapetdAnd UtqAre grid-connected point voltage d and voltage q axis components; omega is a rated rotating speed;
2) setting the running state of the direct-drive wind power plant, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that 1), the type of a direct-drive wind power plant, the operating condition, the number of grid-connected stations and control parameters are set, in the step 1), a simulation model of the direct-drive wind power plant connected to an alternating current system is constructed, and the type of the direct-drive wind power plant, namely a direct-drive wind turbine generator is set; setting the operating condition of a direct-drive wind power plant at a wind speed of-4 m/s; setting the number of grid-connected stations of different direct-driven wind power plants, wherein the number of single machines is multiplied by-100; setting control parameters of a direct-drive wind power plant, a voltage outer ring (10, 1000) and a current inner ring (0.23, 50);
3) after the operating condition of the direct-drive wind power plant, the number of grid-connected stations and the operating state of control parameters are given, a single-input and single-output structure is adopted for the linear model, the input is the voltage increment of a direct-current capacitor, the output is the electromagnetic power increment, and the damping coefficient is the formula (3):
in the formula: delta UdcFor voltage increment, Δ PeIs the power increment;
4) sweeping the frequency of the damping coefficient in a sub-synchronous frequency band and a super-synchronous frequency band to obtain a curve of the damping coefficient on a response frequency band;
5) finding a corresponding damping coefficient at the oscillation frequency, and evaluating the damping characteristic of the system;
6) and (5) repeating the steps 3) to 5) after perturbation of the power grid side strength, the operation condition, the number of the grid-connected stations and the control parameter operation state parameters, and evaluating the damping characteristic of the system again.
The direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on the complex torque coefficient method has the beneficial effects that:
1. a direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method is characterized in that the complex torque coefficient method is adopted, namely a complex torque model is set to be in a single-input-single-output mode, and voltage increment delta U of a direct-current capacitor is set as inputdcThe output is electromagnetic power increment delta PeCalculating the damping coefficient DeSweeping the frequency of the damping coefficient in the subsynchronous and supersynchronous frequency bands to obtain a curve of the damping coefficient on the response frequency band; at the oscillation frequency, finding a corresponding damping coefficient and evaluating the damping characteristic of the system.
2. A direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method clearly and quantitatively explains a negative damping instability mechanism of a wind power plant, effectively solves the problem that the traditional research method is only qualitative but not quantitative, and has the advantages of being scientific and reasonable, good in applicability, clear in mechanism and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power system configuration including a direct drive wind farm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a topology structure of a direct-drive wind turbine;
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of a grid-side converter of the direct-drive wind turbine generator;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an AC grid topology;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conventional complex torque coefficient method;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the application of the complex torque coefficient method to a direct drive wind turbine;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a damping curve of subsynchronous oscillation of a system under the condition that a grid side controls different current inner ring proportionality coefficients after a wind power plant is connected to an alternating current system in the embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a damping curve of subsynchronous oscillation of a system under different grid strengths controlled by a grid side after a wind power plant is connected to an alternating current system in the embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a damping curve of subsynchronous oscillation of a system under different wind speed conditions controlled by a grid side after a wind power plant is connected to an alternating current system in the embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a damping curve of system super-synchronous oscillation under the condition that a grid side controls different current inner ring proportionality coefficients after a wind power plant is connected to an alternating current system in the embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a damping curve of system super-synchronous oscillation under different grid strengths controlled by a grid side after a wind power plant is connected to an alternating current system in an embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a damping curve of the system supersynchronous oscillation under different wind speed conditions controlled by the grid side after the wind farm is connected to the alternating current system in the embodiment.
In the figure: 1. the wind power generation system comprises a wind turbine, 2 a permanent magnet synchronous generator, 3 a machine side converter, 4 a grid side converter, 5 a power transmission line and 6 a power grid.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 1 to 12 and the specific embodiments described herein, which are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawings 1 to 6, the invention relates to a direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method, which comprises the following steps:
1) referring to the attached figure 1, a simulation model of a wind power plant access alternating current system is constructed, and the simulation model is composed of a direct-drive wind power Plant (PMSG) and a power grid:
direct-drive wind power plant modeling:
referring to the attached figure 2, a direct-drive wind power plant adopts a single-machine multiplication model, and is equivalently formed by connecting n 1.5MW direct-drive wind power units with the same operating working conditions and control parameters in parallel, wherein each direct-drive wind power unit comprises a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a four-quadrant converter and a filter circuit; the four-quadrant converter comprises: a machine side converter, a grid side converter; for simplifying analysis, a wind turbine of a direct-drive wind turbine generator set, a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a machine side converter are equivalent to a controlled current source, a grid side converter is controlled by a grid voltage directional vector, and the direct current side voltage u is givendcAnd generating a dq-axis current reference value by the reference value of reactive power, obtaining the output voltage of the grid-side converter through a PI link and feed-forward compensation, and further forming a switching function of the grid-side converter to control the on-off of the grid-side converter, wherein a main circuit mathematical model of the grid-side converter is a formula (4):
in the formula: l isfIs a filter inductor; i.e. idAnd iqRespectively outputting current d and current q-axis components by the grid-side converter; u shapedAnd UqThe modulation voltage d and the voltage q-axis components output by the current controller respectively; u shapetdAnd UtqThe voltage d and q axis components of the grid-connected point are respectively; omega is a rated rotating speed; u shapedcIs the capacitor voltage; c is a direct current capacitor; pmIs the input power;
secondly, modeling the power grid:
referring to FIG. 4, the direct-drive wind turbine generator is equivalent to a controlled current source passing through a filter inductor LfAnd a filter capacitor CfAnd the mathematical model of the power grid part is shown as the formula (5):
in the formula: l isgThe equivalent inductance of the power grid; cfIs a filter capacitor; u shapetx、UtyThe voltage is the voltage of the grid-side converter terminal under a synchronous coordinate system; u shapegx、UgyThe grid voltage is under a synchronous coordinate system; i.e. igx、igyThe current is the current of the power grid under a synchronous coordinate system; i.e. igd、igqThe components of the current d and the current q axes of the power grid are shown; u shapetdAnd UtqAre grid-connected point voltage d and voltage q axis components; omega is a rated rotating speed;
2) setting the running state of the direct-drive wind power plant, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that 1), the type of a direct-drive wind power plant, the operating condition, the number of grid-connected stations and control parameters are set, in the step 1), a simulation model of the direct-drive wind power plant connected to an alternating current system is constructed, and the type of the direct-drive wind power plant, namely a direct-drive wind turbine generator is set; setting the operating condition of a direct-drive wind power plant at a wind speed of-4 m/s; setting the number of grid-connected stations of different direct-driven wind power plants, wherein the number of single machines is multiplied by-100; setting control parameters of a direct-drive wind power plant, a voltage outer ring (10, 1000) and a current inner ring (0.23, 50);
3) after the operating condition of the direct-drive wind power plant, the number of grid-connected stations and the operating state of control parameters are given, a single-input and single-output structure is adopted for the linear model, the input is the voltage increment of a direct-current capacitor, the output is the electromagnetic power increment, and the damping coefficient is the formula (6):
in the formula: delta UdcFor voltage increment, Δ PeIs the power increment;
4) sweeping the frequency of the damping coefficient in a sub-synchronous frequency band and a super-synchronous frequency band to obtain a curve of the damping coefficient on a response frequency band;
5) finding a corresponding damping coefficient at the oscillation frequency, and evaluating the damping characteristic of the system;
6) and (5) repeating the steps 3) to 5) after perturbation of the power grid side strength, the operation condition, the number of the grid-connected stations and the control parameter operation state parameters, and evaluating the damping characteristic of the system again.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 7 to 9 and tables 1 to 3, for the structure of the wind farm access alternating current system, after the frequency domain damping coefficient of the direct-drive wind farm adopting the complex torque coefficient method is analyzed, the damping of the system is enhanced along with the increase of the current inner loop proportion coefficient (0.1 p.u-0.2 p.u) of the grid-side converter of the wind farm under the sub-synchronous frequency band, which is beneficial to the system stability; along with the increase of the wind speed of the wind power plant (4.5-8 m/s), the damping of the system is enhanced, which is beneficial to the stability of the system; along with the increase of the power grid strength (SCR is 1.2-1.8), the damping of each system is enhanced, the system stability is facilitated, and the mechanism of influence of the system damping on the stability of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is quantitatively disclosed.
Referring to fig. 10-12 and tables 4-6, for the structure of the wind farm access alternating current system, after the frequency domain damping coefficient of the direct-drive wind farm adopting the complex torque coefficient method is analyzed, the damping of the system is enhanced along with the increase of the current inner loop proportion coefficient (0.1 p.u-0.2 p.u) of the grid-side converter of the wind farm under the super-synchronous frequency band, which is beneficial to the system stability; along with the increase of the wind speed of the wind power plant (4.5-8 m/s), the damping of the system is enhanced, which is beneficial to the stability of the system; along with the increase of the power grid strength (SCR is 1.2-1.8), the damping of each system is enhanced, the system stability is facilitated, and the mechanism of influence of the system damping on the stability of the direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is quantitatively disclosed.
TABLE 1 damping coefficient under sub-synchronous frequency band of direct-drive wind farm under different network side control Parameters (PMSG)
TABLE 2 damping coefficient under sub-synchronous frequency band of direct-drive wind farm under different grid strengths (PMSG)
TABLE 3 damping coefficient under sub-synchronous frequency band of direct-drive wind farm under different operating conditions (PMSG)
TABLE 4 damping coefficient under super-synchronous frequency band of direct-drive wind farm under different network side control Parameters (PMSG)
TABLE 5 damping coefficient under super-synchronous frequency band of direct-drive wind farm under different grid strengths (PMSG)
TABLE 6 damping coefficient under super-synchronous frequency band of direct-drive wind farm under different operation conditions (PMSG)
The effectiveness and feasibility of the direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on the complex torque coefficient method are verified.
The computer program according to the present invention is programmed based on an automatic control technique, a network technique, and a computer processing technique, and is a technique familiar to those skilled in the art
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A direct-drive wind power plant frequency domain damping coefficient analysis method based on a complex torque coefficient method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) constructing a simulation model of a wind power plant access alternating current system, wherein the simulation model consists of a direct-drive wind power plant and a power grid:
direct-drive wind power plant modeling:
the direct-drive wind power plant adopts a single-machine multiplication model and is equivalently formed by connecting n 1.5MW direct-drive wind power units with the same operating working conditions and control parameters in parallel; the direct-drive wind turbine generator comprises: the system comprises a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a four-quadrant converter and a filter circuit; a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a machine side converter of a direct-drive wind turbine generator are equivalent to a controlled current source, a grid side converter is controlled by a grid voltage directional vector and is controlled by a given direct-current side voltage udcAnd generating a dq axis current reference value and a PI link with a reactive power reference value, adding feedforward compensation to obtain the output voltage of the grid-side converter, forming a switching function of the grid-side converter to control the on-off of the grid-side converter, wherein a main circuit mathematical model of the grid-side converter is a formula (1):
in the formula: l isfIs a filter inductor; i.e. idAnd iqRespectively outputting current d and current q-axis components by the grid-side converter; u shapedAnd UqThe modulation voltage d and the voltage q-axis components output by the current controller respectively; u shapetdAnd UtqThe voltage d and q axis components of the grid-connected point are respectively; omega is a rated rotating speed; u shapedcIs the capacitor voltage; c is a direct current capacitor; pmIs the input power;
secondly, modeling the power grid: the direct-drive wind turbine generator is equivalent to a controlled current source and passes through a filter inductor LfAnd a filter capacitor CfConnected to the grid part, the controlled current source mathematical model is (2):
in the formula: l isgThe equivalent inductance of the power grid; cfIs a filter capacitor; u shapetx、UtyThe voltage is the voltage of the grid-side converter terminal under a synchronous coordinate system; u shapegx、UgyThe grid voltage is under a synchronous coordinate system; i.e. igx、igyThe current is the current of the power grid under a synchronous coordinate system; i.e. igd、igqThe components of the current d and the current q axes of the power grid are shown; u shapetdAnd UtqAre grid-connected point voltage d and voltage q axis components; omega is a rated rotating speed;
2) setting the running state of the direct-drive wind power plant, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) directly-driven wind power plant type, operation condition, grid-connected number and control parameters; in the step 1), constructing a simulation model of a direct-drive wind power plant access alternating current system, and setting the type of the direct-drive wind power plant, namely a direct-drive wind turbine generator; setting the operating condition of a direct-drive wind power plant at a wind speed of-4 m/s; setting the number of grid-connected stations of different direct-driven wind power plants, wherein the number of single machines is multiplied by-100; setting control parameters of a direct-drive wind power plant, a voltage outer ring (10, 1000) and a current inner ring (0.23, 50);
3) after the operating condition of the direct-drive wind power plant, the number of grid-connected stations and the operating state of control parameters are given, a single-input and single-output structure is adopted for the linear model, the input is the voltage increment of a direct-current capacitor, the output is the electromagnetic power increment, and the damping coefficient is the formula (3):
in the formula: delta UdcFor voltage increment, Δ PeIs the power increment;
4) sweeping the frequency of the damping coefficient in a sub-synchronous frequency band and a super-synchronous frequency band to obtain a curve of the damping coefficient on a response frequency band;
5) finding a corresponding damping coefficient at the oscillation frequency, and evaluating the damping characteristic of the system;
6) and (5) repeating the steps 3) to 5) after perturbation of the power grid side strength, the operation condition, the number of the grid-connected stations and the control parameter operation state parameters, and evaluating the damping characteristic of the system again.
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| CN117578593A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-02-20 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Multi-controller interaction analysis method based on torque coefficient |
| CN117578593B (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-03-22 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Multi-controller interaction analysis method based on torque coefficient |
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