CN113846242B - Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113846242B
CN113846242B CN202111043382.2A CN202111043382A CN113846242B CN 113846242 B CN113846242 B CN 113846242B CN 202111043382 A CN202111043382 A CN 202111043382A CN 113846242 B CN113846242 B CN 113846242B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
modifying agent
refining
composite refining
composite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202111043382.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN113846242A (en
Inventor
冯义成
李瑞珩
王浩杰
王雷
王丽萍
姜文勇
郭二军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harbin University of Science and Technology
Original Assignee
Harbin University of Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harbin University of Science and Technology filed Critical Harbin University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN202111043382.2A priority Critical patent/CN113846242B/en
Publication of CN113846242A publication Critical patent/CN113846242A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113846242B publication Critical patent/CN113846242B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy smelting. The invention solves the problems of poor refining and modification effects and mutual influence of the refining and modification effects of the traditional aluminum alloy. The invention provides a composite refining/modifying agent, which contains multiple modifying elements, avoids the defect that the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the alloy is not obvious due to a single modifying element, and has the interaction and modification effects with different metal elements in the aluminum alloy, so that the effects of purifying alloy liquid, removing impurities, refining crystal grains and strengthening a matrix are achieved, the metallographic structure is optimized, the size of the crystal grains is changed, and the performance is obviously improved.

Description

Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy smelting.
Background
The aluminum alloy is used as an important light high-strength nonferrous metal material and has wide application in the fields of aerospace, transportation, national defense and military and the like. However, the aluminum alloy is easy to generate defects of air holes, coarse grain structure, casting cracks and the like in the solidification process, and the high-quality aluminum alloy melt is the key for obtaining the high-performance aluminum alloy product, so that in the aluminum alloy smelting process, in order to improve and improve the melt quality, a refining agent and a modifier are usually added into the aluminum alloy melt, inclusions, oxides, gases and the like in the aluminum melt are removed, the aluminum alloy grains are refined, and the quality and the performance of the aluminum alloy casting or the product are improved.
The existing aluminum alloy refining and modification processes are usually carried out separately, and crystal grain degassing is carried out firstly, and then modification treatment is carried out. The common refining method is to add a mixture of inorganic salts such as chlorine salt and fluorine salt, and the modification treatment method is to add modifier such as Al-Sr intermediate alloy or inorganic salts containing Sr and Na. The Sr-containing alterant is easy to generate air suction, so that the refining effect is reduced, and the produced casting is easy to generate defects such as air holes, pinholes and the like. Therefore, the selection of a composite mode of refining and modifying simultaneously is a key technology for producing high-quality aluminum alloy castings or products.
In the prior art, a plurality of components are often adopted to be matched to form a refining-modifying agent, but the refining effect on crystal grains is slightly poor, and the size of the crystal grains exceeds 300 mu m. However, as the demand for high performance aluminum alloys increases, the requirements for grain size and modification effect of aluminum alloys become more and more demanding. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloys which can simultaneously refine the crystal grain size.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: naCl 5-20 wt%, KCl 5-20 wt%, and K 2 TiF 6 40％-60％、KBF 4 20％-30％、KClO 4 0-3% and charcoal 0-3%, wherein K 2 TiF 6 Is KBF 4 2 times of the total weight of the powder.
Further limited, the weight percentages of the components in the composite refining/modifying agent are as follows: naCl 5%, KCl 5%, K 2 TiF 6 60% and KBF 4 30％。
Further limited, the weight percentages of the components in the composite refining/modifying agent are as follows: naCl 10%, KCl 10%, K 2 TiF 6 50% and KBF 4 25％、KClO 4 2% and charcoal 3%.
Further limited, the composite refining/modifying agent is added into the cast aluminum alloy when being used for smelting the cast aluminum alloy, and the adding amount is 1.3 to 1.5 percent of the aluminum alloy melt by weight percent.
The method for smelting the cast aluminum alloy by using the composite refining/modifying agent comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing all components in the composite refining/modifying agent according to weight percentage, and drying for 6-8 hours at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for later use;
step two, heating the cast aluminum alloy to 720 ℃, preserving heat and melting;
and step three, after complete melting, heating to 800 ℃, adding the composite refining/modifying agent treated in the step one, stirring for 3-5min, standing, cooling to 720 ℃, preserving heat at 720 ℃ for 10min, slagging off, and pouring to obtain the aluminum alloy cast ingot.
Further defined, the aluminum alloy is an Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy.
Further, the obtained aluminum alloy ingot has a hydrogen content of 0.13mL/100gAl to 0.15mL100gAl.
The beneficial chemical reaction formula of the composite refining/modifying agent used in the smelting process of the cast aluminum alloy is as follows:
3K 2 TiF 6 +4Al＝3Ti+4AlF 3 +6KF Ti+3Al＝TiAl 3 (1)
2KBF 4 +3Al＝AlB 2 +2AlF 3 +2KF (2)
3K 2 TiF 6 +6KBF 4 +10Al＝3TiB 2 +12KF+10AlF 3 (3)
2K 2 TiF 6 +2KBF 4 +5Al＝TiB 2 +TiAl 3 +6KF+4F 2 +2AlF 3 (4)
3K 2 TiF 6 +6KBF 4 +10Al＝3TiB 2 +9KAlF 4 +K 3 AlF 6 (5)
f produced by the above reaction 2 、AlF 3 And HF are gases which can generate bubbles, and the aluminum alloy melt is stirred so as to carry out inclusions, oxides and gases in the aluminum alloy melt, thereby playing a refining effect on the aluminum alloy melt.
And generate F 2 The following reaction may also occur:
F 2 +2[H]→2HF (6)
the reaction (6) can consume the [ H ] dissolved in the aluminum alloy melt, so that the refining effect of the composite refining-modifying agent is better.
In addition, the composite refining/modifying agent contains NaCl, KCl and reaction products KF, KAlF 4 And K 3 AlF 6 Has good wettability with inclusions and oxides in the aluminum alloy melt, has good impurity removal effect, and can improve the refining effect of the composite refining/modifying agent.
And TiB in the reactants 2 And TiAl 3 Is an excellent nucleation core of alpha-Al in the aluminum alloy and can have obvious refining effect on the aluminum alloy. And the salt containing Na and K has good modification effect on Si, so that the size of the Si phase in the aluminum alloy can be elongated. Thereby remarkably improving the performance of the aluminum alloy.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the problems of poor refining and modification effects and larger grain size of the existing aluminum alloy melt, the invention provides a composite refining/modifying agent, which contains multiple modifying elements, avoids the defect that the comprehensive performance of the alloy is not obviously improved by a single modifying element, and has the interaction and modification effects with different metal elements in the aluminum alloy, so as to achieve the effects of purifying alloy liquid, removing impurities, refining grains and strengthening a matrix, optimize a metallographic structure, change the grain size and obviously improve the performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure of an aluminum alloy ingot obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure of an aluminum alloy ingot obtained in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure of an aluminum alloy ingot obtained in comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of grain sizes of aluminum alloy ingots obtained with different amounts of refining/modifying agent added.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional in the art and are commercially available to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
the composite refining/modifying agent of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of K 2 TiF 6 ，30％KBF 4 ，5％NaCl，5％KCl。
The composite refining/modifying agent is used for smelting cast aluminum alloy and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing the components in the composite refining/modifying agent according to weight percentage, and drying for 8 hours at 150 ℃ for later use;
(2) Melting Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy at 720 ℃, heating to 800 ℃, adding 1.5% of the composite refining/modifying agent, stirring for 3-5min, standing, cooling Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy melt to 720 ℃ in the standing process, standing for 10min, slagging off, and pouring a hydrogen measurement sample, other analysis samples and cast ingots.
The test result shows that the hydrogen content of the refined aluminum alloy melt is 0.15mL/100gAl, the cross section of the sample has almost no visible inclusion, and the grain size is 150 +/-20 mu m.
The metallographic structure of the obtained aluminum alloy ingot is shown in figure 1, eutectic silicon is effectively modified, primary silicon does not exist in the Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy structure, the eutectic silicon is distributed in a slender fiber shape, and the grain size is obviously refined.
Example 2:
the composite refining/modifying agent of the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: naCl 10%, KCl 10%, K 2 TiF 6 50% and KBF 4 25％、KClO 4 2% and charcoal 3%.
The composite refining/modifying agent is used for smelting cast aluminum alloy and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing the components in the composite refining/modifying agent according to weight percentage, and drying for 8 hours at 150 ℃ for later use;
(2) Melting Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy at 720 ℃, heating to 800 ℃, adding 1.3 percent of the composite refining/modifying agent, stirring for 3-5min, standing, cooling the Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy melt to 720 ℃ in the standing process, standing for 10min, slagging off, and pouring a hydrogen measurement sample, other analysis samples and cast ingots.
The test result shows that the hydrogen content of the refined aluminum alloy melt is 0.13mL/100gAl, the cross section of the sample has almost no visible inclusion, and the grain size is 200 +/-25 mu m.
The metallographic structure of the obtained aluminum alloy ingot is shown in fig. 2, eutectic silicon is effectively modified, primary silicon does not exist in the Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy structure, the eutectic silicon is distributed in a slender fibrous shape, and the grain size is obviously refined.
Comparative example 1:
the difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that hexachloroethane is adopted to replace the composite refining/modifying agent, the addition amount is 1.8%, the rest operation steps are completely the same as the example 2, the metallographic structure of the obtained aluminum alloy ingot is shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, more primary silicon exists in the Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy structure, and eutectic silicon is distributed in a coarse sheet shape.
Under the gravity casting condition of the sand mold, the grain sizes of Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy with different addition amounts of the refining alterant are shown in FIG. 4, and are comparative example 1 (hexachloroethane addition amount is 1.8%), refining alterant addition amount is 0.7% in example 1, refining alterant addition amount is 1.0% in example 1, refining alterant addition amount is 1.3% in example 1 and refining alterant addition amount is 1.5% in example 1 from left to right, as can be seen from FIG. 4, the grain size used for refining treatment using hexachloroethane is very coarse, and the grain size of the refining/alterant obtained by using example 2 is reduced to 200. + -. 25 μm when the addition amount is 1.3%.

Claims (6)

1. The composite refining/modifying agent for the aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: naCl 5-20%, KCl 5-20%, K 2 TiF 6 40％-60％、KBF 4 20％-30％、KClO 4 0-3% and charcoal 0-3%, wherein K 2 TiF 6 Is KBF 4 2 times of the total weight of the composition;
the adding amount of the composite refining/modifying agent is 1.3-1.5 percent of the aluminum alloy melt by weight percent when the composite refining/modifying agent is used for smelting cast aluminum alloy.
2. The composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of each component in the composite refining/modifying agent is as follows: naCl 5%, KCl 5%, K 2 TiF 6 60% and KBF 4 30％。
3. The composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of each component in the composite refining/modifying agent is as follows: naCl 10%, KCl 10%, K 2 TiF 6 50% and KBF 4 25％、KClO 4 2% and 3% of charcoal.
4. A method for smelting a cast aluminum alloy by using the composite refining/modifying agent as defined in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
step one, uniformly mixing all components in the composite refining/modifying agent according to weight percentage, and drying for 6-8 hours at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for later use;
step two, heating the cast aluminum alloy to 720 ℃, preserving heat and melting;
and step three, after complete melting, heating to 800 ℃, adding the composite refining/modifying agent treated in the step one, stirring for 3-5min, standing, cooling to 720 ℃, preserving heat at 720 ℃ for 10min, slagging off, and pouring to obtain the aluminum alloy cast ingot.
5. The method of using the composite refining/modifying agent for smelting cast aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein the aluminum alloy is Al-10Si-0.5Mg alloy.
6. The method for smelting cast aluminum alloy by using the composite refining/modifying agent as recited in claim 4, wherein the obtained aluminum alloy ingot has a hydrogen content of 0.13mL/100gAl-0.15mL100gAl.
CN202111043382.2A 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof Active CN113846242B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111043382.2A CN113846242B (en) 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111043382.2A CN113846242B (en) 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113846242A CN113846242A (en) 2021-12-28
CN113846242B true CN113846242B (en) 2022-10-11

Family

ID=78973211

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111043382.2A Active CN113846242B (en) 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113846242B (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB963230A (en) * 1962-03-28 1964-07-08 Foseco Int Treatment of molten metals
CN100441712C (en) * 2005-11-02 2008-12-10 沈阳铸造研究所 Method for melting cast aluminum alloy
CN100460535C (en) * 2006-10-14 2009-02-11 重庆工学院 Efficient composite modifying-refining agent for hypoeutectic cast aluminium-silicon alloy and treatment process
CN101323916A (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-17 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 Mixed salt method for preparing aluminum matrix composite material
CN106381412B (en) * 2016-12-01 2018-01-23 浙江今飞凯达轮毂股份有限公司 Aluminum refining agent and its preparation technology
CN107779637A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-03-09 徐州轩辕铝业有限公司 A kind of sodium-free refining agent of aluminium alloy smelting and preparation method thereof
CN108220646A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-29 南通昂申金属材料有限公司 A kind of preparation method of Al-Ti-B alloy fining agent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113846242A (en) 2021-12-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5405115B2 (en) Method for producing grain refined mother alloy
CN102337435B (en) Aluminum alloy pipe and manufacture method thereof
CN112143945B (en) High-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-silicon alloy containing multiple composite rare earth elements and preparation method thereof
US8695684B2 (en) Method for preparing aluminum—zirconium—titanium—carbon intermediate alloy
CN103589916B (en) Rapid solidification Al-Ti-B-Sc intermediate alloy refiner and preparation method thereof
WO2023125263A1 (en) Composite rare earth alloy for aluminum alloy modification and preparation method therefor
US20200299810A1 (en) High-strength a356 alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113862531A (en) Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
WO2023125262A1 (en) Modified aluminum alloy and preparation method therefor
CN112680615A (en) Preparation method, heat treatment method and die-casting method of high-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy material
CN114293044B (en) High-plasticity composite modified aluminum alloy part and preparation method thereof
CN113444911B (en) High-strength and high-toughness Al-Mg- (Al-Ti-Nb-B) alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113122743B (en) Al-V-B intermediate alloy and preparation method and application thereof
CN105238944A (en) Aluminum alloy refining metamorphosing agent and method for refining aluminum alloy
CN114318092A (en) Heat-resistant ceramic reinforced wrought aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113846242B (en) Composite refining/modifying agent for aluminum alloy and application thereof
WO2023241681A1 (en) Aluminum alloy additive, and preparation method therefor and use thereof
CN114277271B (en) High-strength composite modified aluminum alloy product and preparation method thereof
CN110656263A (en) High-performance Al-Si series welding wire alloy containing trace La element and preparation method thereof
CN115786784A (en) High-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-silicon-copper-magnesium alloy, and preparation method and application thereof
CN114293117A (en) High-strength aluminum alloy product and preparation method thereof
CN114318183A (en) High-plasticity aluminum alloy part and preparation method thereof
CN112662919A (en) Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni alloy material and preparation method thereof
US8672020B2 (en) Method for producing aluminum-zirconium-carbon intermediate alloy
CN111705248A (en) Al-4.5Cu aluminum-copper alloy material and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant