CN113122743B - Al-V-B intermediate alloy and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Al-V-B intermediate alloy and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113122743B CN113122743B CN202110443686.1A CN202110443686A CN113122743B CN 113122743 B CN113122743 B CN 113122743B CN 202110443686 A CN202110443686 A CN 202110443686A CN 113122743 B CN113122743 B CN 113122743B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- intermediate alloy
- aluminum
- alloy
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910020261 KBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020491 K2TiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010039 TiAl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012803 melt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Abstract
An Al-V-B intermediate alloy and a preparation method and application thereof belong to the technical field of metal materials, and the alloy comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 2 to 3 percentB, the following steps: 1-2% and the balance of Al; adopts pure Al and AlV5Block and KBF4The powder is used as a raw material to prepare the Al-V-B intermediate alloy by smelting. The preparation method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy can ensure that V is distributed in a melt very uniformly, and the V element can form Al10V and VB2The second phase particles help aluminum to generate heterogeneous nucleation to achieve the purpose of grain refinement, and the reasonable content of V and B in the intermediate alloy is set, so that the best aluminum or aluminum alloy grain refinement effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to an Al-V-B intermediate alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
As a light metal material, the aluminum alloy is widely applied to industries such as military industry, aerospace, automobiles, buildings, electronics and the like due to the characteristics of light weight, high strength, good plastic toughness, excellent cold processing performance and the like. With the development of industry, the requirements on the structure and the performance of aluminum and aluminum alloy obtained by subsequent deep processing are more strict, and the key point for controlling the structure and the performance is to obtain a fine and uniform cast-state grain structure. In industrial production, adding grain refiner into aluminum melt is one of the most economic and effective means.
At present, the aluminum alloy refiner mainly takes Al-Ti-B series as main materials and is mainly produced by adopting a villiaumite method, and the specific process is to mix KBF with a certain proportion4And K2TiF6And adding the aluminum melt after uniform mixing, fully reacting, and casting and molding. At present, the production conditions and the technical level in China are relatively lagged, and the Al-Ti-B grain refiner made in China has the defects of low purity of the product, high loss of B element and TiAl3、TiB2The quantity is small, the agglomeration phenomenon is obvious and the like, the effect of the refiner can not meet the requirement of high-end aluminum materials, and the Al-Ti-B grain refiner in China still needs to be imported in large quantity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new high-quality grain refiner for aluminum alloys. Among them, CN110157935A disclosesAn Al-V-B refiner for casting Al-Si alloy, its preparing process and application are disclosed, which contains Al (80.0-95.8 wt.%), V (2.1-10.0) and B (2.1-10.0) and KBF4The Al block and the V powder are smelted at the temperature of 750-850 ℃; however, the content of B in the method is higher than 2 percent, when a large amount of salt is added, the melt viscosity is overhigh, the salt melt mixture is seriously adhered and settled by using a simple smelting method, the prepared intermediate alloy has uneven components, the effect is uneven after alloy refining is carried out, and the higher use requirement of a grain refiner cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides an Al-V-B intermediate alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, and Al is formed by utilizing V element10V and VB2The second phase particles help aluminum to generate heterogeneous nucleation to achieve the purpose of grain refinement, so as to achieve the best aluminum/aluminum alloy grain refinement effect. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
an Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 2-3%, B: 1-2% and the balance of Al;
the Al-V-B master alloy comprises: Al-2V-1B master alloy, Al-2V-2B master alloy, Al-3V-1B master alloy, and Al-3V-2B master alloy;
a preparation method of an Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing AlV according to the mass ratio of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy5Block and KBF4Powder, then adding AlV5Block and KBF4Wrapping the powder with aluminum foil, mixing, heating to 140 +/-5 ℃, drying for 2-3 h, and removing water;
and 2, step: placing the crucible in a heating furnace, preheating to 320 +/-10 ℃, then placing pure aluminum in the crucible, and heating until the pure aluminum is completely melted to form an aluminum melt; then wrapping with AlV5Block and KBF4Immersing the aluminum foil of the powder into the aluminum melt, and stirring the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt until the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt are uniformly mixed after all the aluminum foil is melted to form a mixed melt; at the moment, the components in the mixed melt are as follows by mass percent V: 2-3%, B: 1-2% and the balance of Al;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 810 +/-10 ℃, then preserving heat for 1-1.5 h, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃ after heat preservation, and continuing preserving heat for 30-40 min, wherein stirring is carried out once every 10-15 min during the period so as to ensure uniform melting; after the temperature is reduced to 800 +/-10 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 30-40 min, and the mixture is stirred once every 10-15 min during the period to reduce particle agglomeration and sedimentation and prevent B from being in gaseous BF3Form loss;
and 4, step 4: and deslagging after heat preservation is finished, and casting into a copper water-cooled mold to prepare the Al-V-B intermediate alloy.
In said step 1, KBF4The particle size of the powder is 85-100 mu m;
in the step 2, the purity of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99.9 percent;
the stirring rod is used for stirring, the stirring rod is made of titanium, and the surface of the stirring rod is coated with the boron nitride coating;
the application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding the Al-V-B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 720 +/-5 ℃, preserving the heat for 10-15 min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, the average grain diameter of the cast ingot is 0.202-1.147 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the Al-V-B intermediate alloy and the preparation method and the application thereof have the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the invention controls the B element to be 1-2%, and excessive KBF addition is not caused4The salt powder causes sedimentation and wall adhesion, and is beneficial to the smooth proceeding of the subsequent deslagging process(ii) a Meanwhile, the utilization rate of the B element is improved, the pollution of the impurities of the adhesive to the intermediate alloy is reduced, and the quality uniformity of the intermediate alloy is improved.
Secondly, the crucible is placed in a heating furnace to be preheated to 320 +/-10 ℃, so that the subsequent Al melting time is shortened, and the efficiency is improved; the invention utilizes the aluminum foil pair AlV5And KBF4Wrapping to prevent oxidation of V and to enable V to be uniformly melted into Al melt, keeping the temperature at 850 ℃ for 30min to better melt V in the melt, and keeping the temperature at 800 ℃ for 30min to reduce BF to the maximum extent3Loss of B in gaseous form; comprehensively improves the utilization rate of B, ensures that V is uniformly distributed in the melt, and achieves the purpose of refining grains by heterogeneous nucleation of the formed second phase particles.
The Al-V-B intermediate alloy has uniform texture and low impurity content generated by sedimentation or adhesion, and has uniform refining effect when being used for preparing aluminum or aluminum alloy and high quality of prepared products.
In conclusion, the Al-V-B intermediate alloy preparation method can ensure that V is distributed in a melt very uniformly, and the V element can form Al10V and VB2The second phase particles help aluminum to generate heterogeneous nucleation to achieve the purpose of grain refinement, and the reasonable content of V and B in the intermediate alloy is set, so that the best aluminum or aluminum alloy grain refinement effect is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of an Al-2V-2B master alloy of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 1 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 3 is an as-cast microstructure of a comparative example ingot of example 1 of the present invention after being subjected to anodic coating;
FIG. 4 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 2 of the present invention after being anodically coated;
FIG. 5 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 3 of the present invention after being anodically coated;
FIG. 6 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 4 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 7 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 5 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 8 is an as-cast microstructure of a comparative example ingot of example 5 of the present invention after being subjected to anodic coating;
FIG. 9 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 6 of the present invention after being anodically coated;
FIG. 10 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 7 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 11 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 8 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 12 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 9 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 13 is an as-cast microstructure of a comparative example ingot of example 9 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 14 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 10 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 15 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 11 of the present invention after anodic coating;
FIG. 16 is an as-cast microstructure of an ingot of example 12 of the present invention after anodic coating;
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and figures 1 to 16, but the invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
An Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 2%, B: 1% and the balance of Al; the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy;
a preparation method of an Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing AlV according to the mass ratio of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy5Block and KBF4Powdering, then adding AlV5Block and KBF4Wrapping the powder with aluminum foil, mixing, heating to 140 deg.C, and oven drying for 2 hr to remove water;
step 2: placing the crucible into a heating furnace to preheat to 320 ℃, thenThen placing the pure aluminum in a crucible, and heating until the pure aluminum is completely melted to form an aluminum melt; then wrapping with AlV5Block and KBF4Immersing the aluminum foil of the powder into the aluminum melt, and stirring the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt until the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt are uniformly mixed after all the aluminum foil is melted to form a mixed melt; at the moment, the components in the mixed melt are as follows by mass percent V: 2%, B: 1% and the balance of Al;
and 3, step 3: heating the mixed melt to 810 ℃, then preserving heat for 1h, heating to 850 ℃ after heat preservation, and continuing preserving heat for 30min, wherein stirring is carried out once every 10min during the period so as to ensure uniform melting; cooling to 800 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 30min, and stirring every 10min to reduce particle agglomeration and sedimentation and prevent gaseous BF of B3Form loss;
and 4, step 4: and deslagging after heat preservation is finished, and then casting into a copper water-cooled mold to prepare the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy.
In said step 1, KBF4The particle size of the powder is 85-100 mu m;
in the step 2, the purity of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99.9 percent;
the stirring rod is used for stirring, the stirring rod is made of titanium, and the surface of the stirring rod is coated with the boron nitride coating;
the application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting pure aluminum into a crucible and heating to melt the pure aluminum to form a melt;
and 2, step: adding the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 13min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.18 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, after the ingot is subjected to anodic coating, the average grain size of the ingot is 0.846mm, as shown in fig. 2.
In the present example, a comparative test was performed using pure aluminum without adding a master alloy to prepare an ingot, and the average grain size of the pure aluminum ingot was observed to be 3.167mm after the ingot of the comparative example was subjected to anodic coating, as shown in fig. 3.
Example 2
An Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 2%, B: 2% and the balance of Al; the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy;
a preparation method of an Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing AlV according to the mass ratio of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy5Block and KBF4Powdering, then adding AlV5Block and KBF4Wrapping the powder with aluminum foil, mixing, heating to 145 deg.C, oven drying for 2.5 hr to remove water;
step 2: placing the crucible into a heating furnace, preheating to 330 ℃, then placing pure aluminum into the crucible, and heating until the pure aluminum is completely melted to form an aluminum melt; then wrapping with AlV5Block and KBF4Immersing the aluminum foil of the powder into the aluminum melt, and stirring the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt after the aluminum foil is completely melted until the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt are uniformly mixed to form a mixed melt; at the moment, the components in the mixed melt are as follows by mass percent V: 2%, B: 2% and the balance of Al;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 820 ℃, preserving heat for 1.2h, heating to 860 ℃ after heat preservation, and continuously preserving heat for 35min, wherein stirring is carried out once every 12min during the period so as to ensure uniform melting; maintaining the temperature for 35min after the temperature is reduced to 790 deg.C, and stirring once every 12min to reduce particle agglomeration and sedimentation and prevent gaseous BF of B3(ii) a form loss;
and 4, step 4: and deslagging after heat preservation is finished, and then casting into a copper water-cooled mold to prepare the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy, wherein an XRD (X-ray diffraction) pattern is shown in figure 1.
In said step 1, KBF4The particle size of the powder is 85-100 mu m;
in the step 2, the purity of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99.9 percent;
the stirring rod is used for stirring, the stirring rod is made of titanium, and the surface of the stirring rod is coated with the boron nitride coating;
the application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting pure aluminum into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 725 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the adding amount of the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, after the ingot is subjected to anodic coating, the average grain size of the ingot is 1.122mm, as shown in fig. 4.
Example 3
An Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 3%, B: 1% and the balance of Al; the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy;
a preparation method of an Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing AlV according to the mass ratio of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy5Block and KBF4Powder, then adding AlV5Block and KBF4Wrapping the powder with aluminum foil, mixing, heating to 135 deg.C, and oven drying for 3 hr to remove water;
and 2, step: placing the crucible in a heating furnace to preheat to 310 ℃, then placing pure aluminum in the crucible, and heating until the pure aluminum is completely melted to form an aluminum melt; then wrapping with AlV5Block and KBF4Immersing the aluminum foil of the powder into the aluminum melt, and stirring the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt until the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt are uniformly mixed after all the aluminum foil is melted to form a mixed melt; at the moment, the components in the mixed melt are as follows by mass percent V: 3%, B: 1% and the balance of Al;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 800 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 1.1h, heating to 840 deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 40minStirring once every 15min to ensure uniform melting; maintaining the temperature for 30min after the temperature is reduced to 790 deg.C, stirring every 10min to reduce particle agglomeration and sedimentation, and preventing gaseous BF of B3Form loss;
and 4, step 4: and deslagging after heat preservation is finished, and casting into a copper water-cooled mold to prepare the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy.
In said step 1, KBF4The particle size of the powder is 85-100 mu m;
in the step 2, the purity of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99.9 percent;
a stirring rod is used for stirring, the stirring rod is made of titanium, and the surface of the stirring rod is coated with boron nitride coating;
the application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting pure aluminum into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
and 2, step: adding the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 715 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, the average grain diameter of the cast ingot is 0.468mm as shown in fig. 5 after the cast ingot is subjected to anodic coating.
Example 4
An Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 3%, B: 2% and the balance of Al; the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy;
a preparation method of an Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing AlV according to the mass ratio of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy5Block and KBF4Powdering, then adding AlV5Block and KBF4Wrapping the powder with aluminum foil, mixing, heating to 142 deg.C, oven drying for 2.6 hr to remove water;
step 2: placing the crucible in a heating furnace to preheat to 325 ℃, then placing pure aluminum in the crucible, and heating until the pure aluminum is completely melted to form an aluminum melt; then wrapping with AlV5Block and KBF4Immersing the aluminum foil of the powder into the aluminum melt, and stirring the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt until the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt are uniformly mixed after all the aluminum foil is melted to form a mixed melt; at the moment, the components in the mixed melt are as follows by mass percent V: 3%, B: 2% and the balance of Al;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 815 ℃, preserving heat for 1.1h, heating to 845 ℃ after heat preservation, and continuously preserving heat for 40min, wherein stirring is carried out once every 15min during the period so as to ensure uniform melting; maintaining the temperature at 795 deg.C for 35min while stirring every 12min to reduce particle agglomeration and sedimentation and prevent gaseous BF of B3Form loss;
and 4, step 4: and deslagging after heat preservation is finished, and casting into a copper water-cooled mold to prepare the Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy.
In said step 1, KBF4The particle size of the powder is 85-100 mu m;
in the step 2, the purity of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99.9 percent;
the stirring rod is used for stirring, the stirring rod is made of titanium, and the surface of the stirring rod is coated with the boron nitride coating;
the application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting pure aluminum into a crucible and heating to melt the pure aluminum to form a melt;
step 2: adding Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 725 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, after the ingot is subjected to anodic coating, the average grain size of the ingot is 1.034mm, as shown in fig. 6.
Example 5
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for preparing the same as in example 1.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting the Al-10Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 13min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the adding amount of the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.18 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, the average grain size of the cast ingot is 0.216mm as shown in fig. 7 after the cast ingot is subjected to anodic coating.
In the present example, an ingot was prepared from an Al-10Si alloy without adding an intermediate alloy, and a comparative example ingot was subjected to anodic coating, and the average grain size of the ingot was observed to be 1.575mm, as shown in fig. 8.
Example 6
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for preparing the same as in example 2.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting the Al-10Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 725 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the adding amount of the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, the average grain size of the cast ingot is 0.214mm as shown in fig. 9 after the cast ingot is subjected to anodic coating.
Example 7
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for preparing the same as in example 3.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting the Al-10Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 715 ℃, preserving the heat for 12min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.15 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, the average grain size of the cast ingot is 0.285mm after anode coating observation, as shown in fig. 10.
Example 8
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for preparing the same as in example 4.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting the Al-10Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 725 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, the average grain size of the ingot is 0.202mm as shown in fig. 11, which is observed after the ingot is subjected to anodic coating.
Example 9
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for preparing the same as in example 1.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting Al-0.9Mg-0.6Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and 3, step 3: heating the mixed melt to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 13min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the adding amount of the Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.18 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, after the ingot is subjected to anodic coating, the average grain size of the ingot is 0.647mm, as shown in fig. 12.
In the present example, an ingot was prepared from an Al-0.9Mg-0.6Si alloy without adding an intermediate alloy, and a comparative example ingot was subjected to anodic coating, and the average grain size of the ingot was observed to be 2.235mm, as shown in fig. 13.
Example 10
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for preparing the same as in example 2.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting Al-0.9Mg-0.6Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 725 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the adding amount of the Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, the average grain size of the ingot is 0.551mm as shown in fig. 14, which is observed after the ingot is subjected to anodic coating.
Example 11
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for preparing the same as in example 3.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting Al-0.9Mg-0.6Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all materials to form a uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 715 ℃, preserving the heat for 12min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.15 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, after the anode coating of the cast ingot, the average grain size of the cast ingot is 1.147mm, as shown in fig. 15.
Example 12
An Al-V-B master alloy and a method for producing the same as in example 4.
The application of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
the application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting Al-0.9Mg-0.6Si alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 725 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
in the step 2, the addition amount of the Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy accounts for 0.1 percent of the total mass of the mixed melt according to the mass of V;
in the step 3, after the ingot is subjected to anodic coating, the average grain size of the ingot is 0.846mm, as shown in fig. 16.
In the above examples, for better observation of the as-cast microstructure, the ingot was subjected to anodic coating and then observed. The equipment used for observing the microstructure is a metallographic microscope (model LeicaDMR); the adopted X-ray diffraction observation equipment is a polycrystalline X-ray diffractometer (model XPertpro); the process of anode coating is as follows: and (3) making the cast ingot into a plate shape to be used as an anode, and placing the plate into a furnace, wherein the mass concentration of a sulfuric acid solution is 98%, the mass concentration of a phosphoric acid solution is 50% and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2: 2: 1 for 20 seconds, and an anode voltage at the time of electrolysis of 20V, and a coating film was formed on the surface of the anode after the completion of electrolysis.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: weighing AlV according to the mass ratio of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy5Block and KBF4Powder of AlV5Block and KBF4The mass ratio of the powder needs to meet the requirement that the chemical element composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2-3%, B: 1-2%, the balance of Al, wherein KBF4The particle size of the powder is 85-100 mu m; then mixing AlV5Block and KBF4Wrapping the powder with aluminum foil, mixing, heating to 140 +/-5 ℃, drying for 2-3 h, and removing water;
step 2: placing the crucible into a heating furnace, preheating to 320 +/-10 ℃, then placing pure aluminum with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent into the crucible, and heating until the pure aluminum is completely melted to form an aluminum melt; then wrapping with AlV5Block and KBF4Immersing the aluminum foil of the powder into the aluminum melt, and stirring the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt until the aluminum foil and the aluminum melt are uniformly mixed after all the aluminum foil is melted to form a mixed melt; at the moment, the components in the mixed melt are as follows by mass percent V: 2-3%, B: 1-2% and the balance of Al;
and step 3: heating the mixed melt to 810 +/-10 ℃, then preserving heat for 1-1.5 h, heating to 850 +/-10 ℃ after heat preservation, and continuing preserving heat for 30-40 min, wherein stirring is carried out once every 10-15 min during the period so as to ensure uniform melting; after the temperature is reduced to 800 +/-10 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 30-40 min, and the mixture is stirred once every 10-15 min during the period to reduce particle agglomeration and sedimentation and prevent B from being in gaseous BF3Form loss;
and 4, step 4: and after heat preservation is finished, deslagging is carried out, the obtained product is cast into a copper water-cooled mold, and Al-V-B intermediate alloy is obtained, wherein the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is divided into Al-2V-1B intermediate alloy, Al-2V-2B intermediate alloy, Al-3V-1B intermediate alloy and Al-3V-2B intermediate alloy according to the content of V and B, and the obtained Al-V-B intermediate alloy is applied to grain refinement of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
2. The method for preparing the Al-V-B master alloy according to claim 1, wherein a stirring rod is used for stirring, the stirring rod is made of titanium, and the surface of the stirring rod is coated with the boron nitride coating.
3. The application method of the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is characterized in that the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is prepared by the preparation method of claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting aluminum or aluminum alloy into a crucible and heating to melt to form a melt;
step 2: adding Al-V-B intermediate alloy accounting for 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the mixed melt by mass V into the melt, stirring the melt until the Al-V-B intermediate alloy is molten, and uniformly mixing all the materials to form uniform mixed melt;
and step 3: and heating the mixed melt to 720 +/-5 ℃, preserving the heat for 10-15 min, and then casting into a cast ingot, wherein the average grain size of the cast ingot is 0.202-1.147 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110443686.1A CN113122743B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Al-V-B intermediate alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110443686.1A CN113122743B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Al-V-B intermediate alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113122743A CN113122743A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
| CN113122743B true CN113122743B (en) | 2022-06-24 |
Family
ID=76779665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110443686.1A Expired - Fee Related CN113122743B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Al-V-B intermediate alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113122743B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113528897B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2022-05-17 | 河北科技大学 | Low-cooling-rate-sensitivity refiner for aluminum-silicon alloy, preparation method of refiner, aluminum-silicon alloy and refining method of aluminum-silicon alloy |
| CN114411018A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-04-29 | 北方工业大学 | Al-V intermediate alloy for aluminum and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52330A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1977-01-05 | Hitachi Maxell | Nonnaqueous electrolyte battery |
| JP5180496B2 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2013-04-10 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Aluminum alloy forging and method for producing the same |
| CN103361502B (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2015-04-01 | 包头铝业有限公司 | Method for preparing aluminum-boron master alloy through chemical reaction method |
| CN108754203A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-06 | 上海大学 | A kind of Alar fining agent of degeneration and its preparation method and application |
| CN109385544A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-02-26 | 上海大学 | Cast Al-Si alloy Al-M-B grain refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN111809083B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2022-06-24 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy composition for simplifying semi-solid casting process and semi-solid casting method |
| CN110343895B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-04-30 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | In situ TiB2Preparation method of particle-reinforced AlCu-based composite material |
| CN113136496B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-11-08 | 上海大学 | Based on metal oxides M x O y Preparation method of Al-M-B refiner |
-
2021
- 2021-04-23 CN CN202110443686.1A patent/CN113122743B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113122743A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3650561B1 (en) | Plastic wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| JP5405115B2 (en) | Method for producing grain refined mother alloy | |
| CN113122743B (en) | Al-V-B intermediate alloy and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN111206166B (en) | Preparation method of in-situ ternary nanoparticle reinforced aluminum matrix composite | |
| WO2022105453A1 (en) | Preparation method for high-strength and high-toughness a356.2 aluminum matrix composite for hub | |
| CN110157935B (en) | Al-V-B refiner for casting aluminum-silicon alloy, preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN103205614A (en) | Novel 6063 aluminum alloy material and its production technology | |
| JP2019529692A (en) | Production method of titanium alloy based on thermite self-propagating gradient reduction and slag cleaning scouring | |
| CN110923495A (en) | High-strength and high-plasticity in-situ aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105154729B (en) | Cast aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper-tantalum alloy and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN115044809B (en) | Cast aluminum-silicon alloy, preparation method thereof and aluminum-silicon alloy for aviation or automobile castings | |
| CN114231802A (en) | Rare earth aluminum alloy bar for forging aluminum alloy hub and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113122742A (en) | Preparation and use methods of Al-Nb-B intermediate alloy for grain refinement of aluminum/aluminum alloy | |
| CN1285746C (en) | Alumina-magnesia-titanium-boron alloy and its preparation process | |
| CN113403508A (en) | Heat treatment process for spray-formed high-silicon wear-resistant aluminum alloy | |
| WO2023241681A1 (en) | Aluminum alloy additive, and preparation method therefor and use thereof | |
| CN113234948A (en) | Quaternary alloy grain refiner and preparation and application methods thereof | |
| CN105734315B (en) | Cast aluminum alloy grain refiner and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107699747A (en) | A kind of high Cu contents Al Si Li Cu casting alloys and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108384972B (en) | Method for preparing combined refining alterant | |
| CN109136672B (en) | Corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111172441A (en) | Cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110093524A (en) | A kind of silumin alterant and its application method | |
| CN115786784A (en) | High-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-silicon-copper-magnesium alloy, and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN109811161B (en) | Large-volume-number nanoscale Al-TiB2Intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20220624 |