CN113845284A - Stepped substrate modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes - Google Patents

Stepped substrate modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113845284A
CN113845284A CN202111450428.2A CN202111450428A CN113845284A CN 113845284 A CN113845284 A CN 113845284A CN 202111450428 A CN202111450428 A CN 202111450428A CN 113845284 A CN113845284 A CN 113845284A
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layer
flocculation
nutrition
oxygenation
tabletting
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CN113845284B (en
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黄佳音
钱泽朋
胡保安
董先锋
刘璟
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Cccc Tianjin Ecological Environmental Protection Design And Research Institute Co ltd
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Cccc Tianjin Ecological Environmental Protection Design And Research Institute Co ltd
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Priority to LU504481A priority patent/LU504481B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
    • Y02A20/402—River restoration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a stepped substrate modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes, which consists of a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrition layer and an oxygenation layer, wherein the flocculation layer is formed by uniformly mixing polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in proportion and then pre-tabletting; the oxidation layer is formed by pre-tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer after citric acid, humic acid and composite potassium hydrogen persulfate are uniformly mixed according to a proportion; the nutrition layer is formed by uniformly mixing calcium bentonite, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate, alkali-activated modified mineral powder and diatomite in proportion and then pre-tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer and the oxidation layer; the oxygenation layer is formed by uniformly mixing a porous biological polymerization agent, sodium percarbonate, percarbamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone in proportion and tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer and the nutrition layer. The modifier has biochemical effect, no secondary pollution and less investment.

Description

Stepped substrate modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of river and lake bottom materials and purification of river and lake water, in particular to a stepped bottom material modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes.
Background
At present, a lot of bottom mud repairing agents are reported for aquaculture, and a few bottom mud repairing agents are used for ecological repairing of river and lake bottom mud. The aquatic ecology and the river and lake ecology have different contents and types of bottom sediment materials due to different environments, and the two bottom sediment repairing agents cannot be mixed and need to be appointed to be used according to different conditions.
The existing bottom sediment ecological restoration agent is mostly a chemical compound type and microorganism compound type restoration agent prepared by direct mixing, and the bottom sediment restoration agent has certain utility for river and lake ecological restoration, but has the defects of low utilization rate in a short time, low reaction efficiency, low follow-up utility and the like in a direct adding mode, and can not fully exert the effect of each component in the corresponding stage, and the bottom sediment restoration agent is required to be added in a large amount to have certain utility, so that the risk of secondary pollution is existed.
However, when the method is applied to deep rivers and lakes, the active ingredients specially used for the sediment are rapidly dispersed and float in the water environment in the descending process, and the expected effect can be achieved only in an adding mode under the condition that the sediment cannot further act, so that secondary pollution is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the stepped substrate modifier for the deep-water river and lake ecological restoration, which has high utilization rate, can fully exert the effects of all components in the substrate mud restoration process, reduce the usage amount of the substrate mud restoration agent, effectively reduce the investment of the substrate mud ecological restoration project and reduce the secondary pollution risk in the ecological restoration process.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the stepped substrate modifying agent.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a stepped substrate modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes comprises a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrition layer and an oxygenation layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein: the flocculation layer is prepared from polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 1: (1-2): 1, uniformly mixing and then pre-tabletting; the oxide layer is prepared from citric acid, humic acid and composite potassium hydrogen persulfate (potassium monopersulfate ) according to the following mass parts (1-2): (1-2): (2-4) uniformly mixing and then pre-tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer; the nutrition layer is prepared from calcium bentonite, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate, alkali-activated modified mineral powder and diatomite in parts by mass (2-3): 1: 1: 1: (2-3): (2-3) uniformly mixing and then pre-tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer and the oxidation layer; the oxygenation layer is prepared from a porous biological polymerization agent, sodium percarbonate (high release speed), percarbamide (low release speed) and polyvinylpyrrolidone in parts by mass (2-4): (2-3): (2-3): 1 evenly mixing the raw materials, and tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer and the nutrition layer.
In the modifier, the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
5-30% of a flocculation layer;
10-40% of an oxide layer;
20-70% of a nutrition layer;
5-35% of an oxygen increasing layer.
Optimally, the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
7-25% of a flocculation layer;
15-30% of an oxide layer;
25-55% of a nutrition layer;
10-25% of oxygenation layer.
Preferably, before use, the alkali-activated modified mineral powder is washed with water for 3-4 times and then dried at 105 ℃.
Preferably, the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is not more than 0.2cm, the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is proportional to the water depth, and the total thickness of the oxidation layer and the nutrition layer is proportional to the serious condition of bottom sediment pollution.
Preferably, the overall length of the substrate modifier is 5 cm-11 cm, the width is 5 cm-11 cm, and the thickness is 0.3 cm-0.8 cm.
In the preparation process, the oxidation layer needs to be arranged between the flocculation layer and the nutrition layer, and the nutrition layer needs to be arranged between the oxidation layer and the oxygenation layer, so as to ensure the uniform mixing degree and the tabletting sequence.
The invention divides the product into four layers according to the water ecological restoration process, and the main functions of each layer are different. In the process of descending from the surface of the deepwater river to the bottom, the flocculation layer and the oxygen increasing layer play a main role, and can effectively flocculate suspended colloids and other substances in water and finally settle to the bottom of the river and the lake. In the falling process, beneficial microorganisms can be left in the porous biological polymerization agent in the oxygenation layer, and the self-purification capacity of the water environment is enhanced while the self-remediation continuity of the water environment is ensured. When the sludge falls to the bottom, a small part of components in the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer can remain and continue to act on the bottom sludge to flocculate and compress the bottom sludge, so that the foundation is provided for the oxidation layer to play a role while the water environment capacity of rivers and lakes is enlarged.
The layers of the invention can be kept stable in drying and do not react with each other, and can quickly act on harmful substances in water after meeting water, and certain synergistic effect exists among the substances, and the specific effect is as follows:
the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer mainly play roles in flocculation, complexation, oxygenation and stabilization respectively. Wherein, the polyaluminium chloride, the polyacrylamide and the porous biological polymerization agent have chemical and biological flocculation effects, can remove part of suspended matters and colloids in a water environment in the process of descending in deep water rivers and lakes, and the porous biological polymerization agent is not arranged in a flocculation layer to prevent oxidizing substances of an oxidation layer from damaging part of biological structures. The polyvinylpyrrolidone has the functions of antioxidation, synergism and stabilization, on one hand, certain hardness after tabletting and forming can be ensured, and on the other hand, the oxidation and corrosive substances in the oxide layer can be prevented from damaging the material structure of the flocculation layer. Disodium Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA) in the flocculation layer is an antioxidant and a complexing agent, and can complex heavy metal ions in a water environment in the process of descending in deep water of rivers and lakes. The sodium percarbonate and the percarbamide in the oxygenation layer respectively play a role in quickly releasing and slowly releasing oxygen, so that the instantaneity and the continuity of the underwater oxygen are ensured.
The oxide layer mainly plays a role in disinfection, removal of macromolecular organic matters and conversion of other substances. Harmful microorganisms in the bottom mud can be effectively removed under the action of citric acid and humic acid, and the harm of virus bacteria is reduced. Under the action of the composite potassium peroxydisulfate, the oxidation-reduction potential of the mud-water interface can be improved, and the aim of killing harmful bacteria is achieved by destroying the permeability of microbial cells in the bottom mud; ferrous iron and aluminum atoms in the water can be oxidized into trivalent iron through oxidation, flocculation is promoted, the transparency of the water body is improved, and the diffusion of heavy metal ions in the bottom mud is reduced; the nitrite in the bottom mud can be oxidized into nitrate, the hydrogen sulfide is oxidized into sulfate, toxic and nondegradable organic pollutants are removed, and various algal toxins such as hepatotoxin and the like generated by death of deposited algae are degraded.
The nutrient layer is mainly used for providing nutrition and providing nutrient elements required by plants and microorganisms, and the alkali-activated modified mineral powder and the diatomite can reduce heavy metal ions in water and bottom mud under the action of ion exchange and adsorption.
Compared with the similar products, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention combines the porous biological polymerization agent and other effective chemical substances together through the layering effect, realizes that the same bottom mud repairing agent has biological and chemical effects at the same time, can effectively play a quick and good role in the current environment under the action of a chemical reagent, can also keep a continuous effect under the action of microorganisms, and simultaneously strengthens the self-purification capacity of the water environment and the bottom mud.
2. According to the method, a layered structure is designed according to the conventional ecological restoration method and the sequence of different stages of ecological restoration, the maximum utilization rate of corresponding effective substances in different stages and different time efficiencies is ensured, the problem of secondary pollution caused by excessive addition is avoided, the investment of ecological restoration engineering is effectively reduced, and the input amount is about 1/2 of similar products in the market under the same action.
3. According to the invention, by adding various substances with stabilizing effect, the product is ensured to have certain stability under normal temperature and drying conditions, and the shelf life is longer by 3.5 years and is longer by 2 years than that of like products in the market.
Detailed Description
The modifier of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.
The porous biological polymerization agent used in the invention is a high-efficiency water purification product formed by adding special compound microorganisms extracted from nature and metabolites thereof into various natural mineral powder, and the product is composed of various minerals and various microorganisms such as mould, microzyme, actinomycetes and the like according to a specific formula. The preparation method of the porous biopolymer is described in the Chinese patent with the invention name of "a porous biopolymer for dewatering bottom mud for river and lake ecology dredging" with the publication number of CN111018282A, and the content of the invention is included in the invention, wherein the porous biopolymer used in the example 1 and the example 2 is the porous biopolymer prepared in the first example of the invention.
The polyaluminum chloride used in the present invention is a solid, commercially available product, and the mass fraction of aluminum chloride may be 26%, 28%, or 30%.
The calcium bentonite used in the invention is a commercial product, and the interlayer cation of the calcium bentonite is Ca2+。
The alkali-activated modified mineral powder used in the invention is a commercial product and is modified by an alkali-activated principle.
Example 1
An outdoor medium-sized container is adopted to simulate the river and lake environment, and the length of the container is 1m, the width of the container is 1m, and the height of the container is 1.5 m. The test material adopts water and bottom mud in the barbary foot lake of Tonghai county in Yunnan province and eel grass seeds with strong adaptability. Placing the container outdoors to ensure natural conditions, then spreading black and odorous substrate sludge on the bottom of the container and adding the seeds of the tape grass at fixed points, wherein the total thickness of the substrate sludge is 0.2m, and the total depth of water is 0.8m (excluding the substrate sludge). Three fixed-point monitoring dissolved oxygen instruments are distributed in the middle of the water environment in a triangular mode.
The stepped bottom modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes is prepared by the following method:
firstly, washing alkali-activated mineral powder in a nutrition layer for 3-4 times, then drying and pretreating at 105 ℃, then preparing the components of each layer according to the following mass parts, and respectively and uniformly mixing:
1) polyacrylamide: polyaluminum chloride (the mass fraction of aluminum chloride is 26%): disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate: polyvinylpyrrolidone = 1: 1: 2: 1;
2) citric acid: humic acid: complex oxone = 1: 1: 2;
3) calcium bentonite: magnesium chloride: calcium chloride: anhydrous sodium sulfate: alkali-activated modified mineral powder: diatomaceous earth = 2: 1: 1: 1: 2: 2;
4) porous biopolymer agent: sodium percarbonate: percarbamide: polyvinylpyrrolidone = 2: 2: 2: 1.
taking out a quantitative sample from the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer according to the mass percentage of 15 percent, 20 percent, 50 percent and 15 percent,
then, pre-tabletting the flocculation layer material, pre-tabletting the oxidation layer material on the basis of the flocculation layer, and the like, wherein the length of the formed modifying agent is 7cm, the width of the formed modifying agent is 7cm, the thicknesses of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer are respectively about 0.1cm, 0.15cm, 0.2cm and 0.1cm, and the total thickness of the formed modifying agent is about 0.55 cm.
The bottom sediment modifier with the proportion is added from the water surface, and can slowly settle to the bottom of the container because of larger superficial area to generate larger buoyancy, flocculation of an upper layer and a lower layer and rapid digestion of effective components for increasing dissolved oxygen are realized in the settling process, the process that floating substances in a water body slowly generate flocs and further flocculate can be observed, the time required by the whole water environment to be clear and transparent is 6 days, and the water environment can be continuously kept clear within 5 days; according to the display of the dissolved oxygen detector, the dissolved oxygen is slowly increased; the sediment modifier is settled to the bottom of the container and fully contacts with the sediment, the sediment modifier digestion and the sediment modification process are carried out simultaneously, through the slow release effect and the effect of the biological polymerization agent, the sediment gradually turns yellow after 7 days, and the eel grass seeds begin to sprout and grow at 8 days.
Example 2
An outdoor medium-sized container is adopted to simulate the river and lake environment, and the length of the container is 1m, the width of the container is 1m, and the height of the container is 1.5 m. The test material adopts water and bottom mud in the barbary foot lake of Tonghai county in Yunnan province and eel grass seeds with strong adaptability. Placing the container outdoors to ensure natural conditions, then spreading the black and odorous bottom mud on the bottom of the container, and adding the seeds of the tape grass at fixed points, wherein the total thickness is 0.2m, and the total depth of water is 1.2 m. Three fixed-point monitoring dissolved oxygen instruments are distributed in the middle of the water environment in a triangular mode.
The stepped bottom modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes is prepared by the following method:
firstly, washing the alkali-activated mineral powder in the nutrition layer for 3-4 times and drying and pretreating at 105 ℃, then preparing the components of each layer according to the following mass parts, and respectively and uniformly mixing:
1) polyacrylamide: polyaluminum chloride (the mass fraction of aluminum chloride is 26%): disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate: polyvinylpyrrolidone = 1: 1: 2: 1;
2) citric acid: humic acid: complex oxone = 1: 1: 2;
3) calcium bentonite: magnesium chloride: calcium chloride: anhydrous sodium sulfate: alkali-activated modified mineral powder: diatomaceous earth = 2: 1: 1: 1: 2: 2;
4) porous biopolymer agent: sodium percarbonate: percarbamide: polyvinylpyrrolidone = 2: 2: 2: 1.
and taking out a quantitative sample from the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer according to the mass percentage of 20%, 28% and 22%.
Then, the flocculation layer material is pre-pressed, the oxidation layer material is pre-pressed on the basis of the flocculation layer, and the like, the length of the forming modifier is 10cm, the width of the forming modifier is 10cm, the thicknesses of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer are respectively about 0.11cm, 0.17cm, 0.18cm and 0.13cm, and the total thickness of the forming modifier is about 0.59 cm.
The bottom sediment modifier with the proportion is added from the water surface, and can slowly settle to the bottom of the container because of larger superficial area to generate larger buoyancy, flocculation of an upper layer and a lower layer and rapid digestion of effective components for increasing dissolved oxygen are realized in the settling process, the process that floating substances in a water body slowly generate flocs and further flocculate can be observed, the time required by the whole water environment to be clear and transparent is 3d, and the water environment can be continuously kept clear within 5d later; according to the display of the dissolved oxygen detector, the dissolved oxygen is slowly increased; the sediment modifier is settled to the bottom of the container and fully contacts with the sediment, the sediment modifier digestion and the sediment modification process are carried out simultaneously, under the action of the slow release effect and the biological polymerization agent, the sediment gradually turns yellow after 9 days, and the eel grass seeds begin to sprout and grow at 10 days.
Comparative example 1
An outdoor medium-sized container is adopted to simulate the river and lake environment, and the length of the container is 1m, the width of the container is 1m, and the height of the container is 1.5 m. The test material adopts water and bottom mud in the barbary foot lake of Tonghai county in Yunnan province and eel grass seeds with strong adaptability. Placing the container outdoors to ensure natural conditions, then spreading the black and odorous bottom mud on the bottom of the container, and adding the seeds of the tape grass at fixed points, wherein the total thickness is 0.2m, and the total depth of water is 0.8 m. Three fixed-point monitoring dissolved oxygen instruments are distributed in the middle of the water environment in a triangular mode.
As a blank control, the present example was conducted under natural ecological conditions without adding any sediment improver. Timing from the arrangement of necessary conditions, under the self-generation and gravity sedimentation effects of beneficial microorganisms, a small part of floating substances in the water environment are digested and a large part of floating substances sink, the time required for the whole water environment to be clear and transparent is 15d, and small particles still float in the water environment after 15 d; because the dissolved oxygen in the air is fully blended, the bottom sediment environment is gradually improved and loosened, part of harmful substances in the bottom sediment are released, beneficial microorganisms are gradually activated and have more varieties, and the bottom sediment gradually turns yellow after 25 days under the slow restoration action of the microorganisms; the seeds of the tape grass are not guaranteed to be required by self nutrition within the natural recovery time of the small ecological system and are eroded by harmful substances around the substrate sludge, so that the tape grass seeds are fished out to be rotten and deteriorated in 25 days.
Comparative example 2
An outdoor medium-sized container is adopted to simulate the river and lake environment, and the length of the container is 1m, the width of the container is 1m, and the height of the container is 1.5 m. The test material adopts water and bottom mud in the barbary foot lake of Tonghai county in Yunnan province and eel grass seeds with strong adaptability. Placing the container outdoors to ensure natural conditions, then spreading the black and odorous bottom mud on the bottom of the container, and adding the seeds of the tape grass at fixed points, wherein the total thickness is 0.2m, and the total depth of water is 0.8 m. Three fixed-point monitoring dissolved oxygen instruments are distributed in the middle of the water environment in a triangular mode.
Uniformly spraying 100g of a commercially available powdery sediment modifier, wherein floc is generated in the sedimentation process, the whole water environment is rapidly clear within 6d, but the phenomenon that sediment floats upwards exists at the mud-water interface after 8d, part of insoluble substances continuously float in the water environment, three layers of a water layer, a mud layer and a mud-water mixing layer coexist, the height of the mud-water mixing layer is about 4cm, and the whole body reaches a balanced state after 10 d; the bottom sediment modifier is settled to the bottom of the container and fully contacts with the bottom sediment, the bottom sediment gradually turns yellow after 7 days, and the seeds of the tape grass begin to sprout and grow at 8 days.
TABLE 2 differences added for the examples
Figure 308553DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
From the above table, under the same conditions, the larger the ratio of the flocculation and oxygen increasing components of the flocculation layer and the oxygen increasing layer is, the shorter the time required by the transparent and clear water environment is, and meanwhile, the reduction of other effective components is represented, so that the time for restoring and yellowing the bottom mud is longer. The percentage of each layer needs to be adjusted according to the actual water depth and the pollution degree of the bottom mud.

Claims (5)

1. A stepped bottom modifier for ecological restoration of deep water rivers and lakes is characterized in that: by flocculation layer, oxide layer, nutrition layer, the oxygenation layer that sets gradually constitute, wherein:
the flocculation layer is prepared from polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 1: (1-2): 1, uniformly mixing and then pre-tabletting;
the oxide layer is prepared from citric acid, humic acid and composite potassium hydrogen persulfate according to the mass parts (1-2): (1-2): (2-4) uniformly mixing and then pre-tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer;
the nutrition layer is prepared from calcium bentonite, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate, alkali-activated modified mineral powder and diatomite in parts by mass (2-3): 1: 1: 1: (2-3): (2-3) uniformly mixing and then pre-tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer and the oxidation layer;
the oxygenation layer is prepared from a porous biological polymerization agent, sodium percarbonate, percarbamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone in parts by mass (2-4): (2-3): (2-3): 1, uniformly mixing the raw materials, and tabletting on the basis of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer and the nutrition layer to obtain the fertilizer;
the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
5-30% of a flocculation layer;
10-40% of an oxide layer;
20-70% of a nutrition layer;
5-25% of an oxygen increasing layer.
2. The stepped substrate improver of claim 1, characterized by: the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrition layer and the oxygenation layer comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
7-25% of a flocculation layer;
15-30% of an oxide layer;
25-55% of a nutrition layer;
10-25% of oxygenation layer.
3. The stepped substrate improver of claim 1, characterized by: before use, the alkali-activated modified mineral powder is washed for 3-4 times and then dried at 105 ℃.
4. The stepped substrate improver of claim 1, characterized by: the thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is not more than 0.2cm, the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is in direct proportion to the water depth, and the total thickness of the oxidation layer and the nutrition layer is in direct proportion to the serious condition of bottom mud pollution.
5. The stepped substrate improver of claim 4, wherein: the substrate modifier is 5 cm-11 cm in overall length, 5 cm-11 cm in width and 0.3 cm-0.8 cm in thickness.
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LU504481A LU504481B1 (en) 2021-12-01 2022-11-29 Stepped type substrate improver for ecological remediation of deep-water rivers and lakes
AU2022400828A AU2022400828A1 (en) 2021-12-01 2022-11-29 Stepped sediment modifier for ecological restoration of deepwater rivers and lakes
PCT/CN2022/135042 WO2023098663A1 (en) 2021-12-01 2022-11-29 Stepped sediment modifier for ecological restoration of deepwater rivers and lakes

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