AU2022400828A1 - Stepped sediment modifier for ecological restoration of deepwater rivers and lakes - Google Patents
Stepped sediment modifier for ecological restoration of deepwater rivers and lakes Download PDFInfo
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- AU2022400828A1 AU2022400828A1 AU2022400828A AU2022400828A AU2022400828A1 AU 2022400828 A1 AU2022400828 A1 AU 2022400828A1 AU 2022400828 A AU2022400828 A AU 2022400828A AU 2022400828 A AU2022400828 A AU 2022400828A AU 2022400828 A1 AU2022400828 A1 AU 2022400828A1
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- layer
- flocculation
- oxygenation
- oxidation
- sediment
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012985 polymerization agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carboxylatooxy carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)OOC([O-])=O VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940045872 sodium percarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 compound potassium hydrogen persulfate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;sulfooxy sulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910000281 calcium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 99
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000186046 Actinomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012425 OXONE® Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000784 hepatotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDRTVPCFKSUHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;potassium Chemical compound [K].[H][H] BDRTVPCFKSUHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJKYXKSLRZKNSI-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentapotassium;hydrogen sulfate;oxido sulfate;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.OS(=O)(=O)O[O-].OS(=O)(=O)O[O-] HJKYXKSLRZKNSI-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium peroxymonosulfate Chemical compound [K+].OOS([O-])(=O)=O OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed in the present invention is a stepped sediment modifier for the ecological restoration of deepwater rivers and lakes. The modifier is composed of a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrition layer and an oxygenation layer. The flocculation layer is formed by uniformly and proportionally mixing polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone and then pre-tabletting the mixture. The oxidation layer is formed by uniformly and proportionally mixing citric acid, humic acid and composite potassium hydrogen persulfate and then pre-tabletting the mixture on the basis of the flocculation layer. The nutrition layer is formed by uniformly and proportionally mixing calcium bentonite, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate, an alkali-activated modified mineral powder and diatomite and then pre-tabletting the mixture on the basis of the flocculation layer and the oxidation layer. The oxygenation layer is formed by uniformly and proportionally mixing a porous biological polymerization agent, sodium percarbonate, percarbamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone and then tabletting the mixture on the basis of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer and the nutrition layer. The modifier has both biological and chemical effects, and has no secondary pollution and low investment.
Description
The present invention relates to the fields of ecological remediation of substrates of
rivers and lakes and water purification of rivers and lakes, and specifically relates to a
stepped type substrate improver for ecological remediation of deep-water rivers and lakes.
At present, many reports have been carried out on sediment remediation agents applied
in aquaculture, while few sediment remediation agents have been used for ecological
remediation of sediment of rivers and lakes. As the aquatic ecology and the river and lake
ecology have different environments, contents and categories of sediment substances are
also different, and two kinds of sediment remediation agents cannot be mixed and need to be
used specifically for different cases.
Most of existing ecological remediation agents of sediment are chemical compound
type and microbial compound type remediation agents prepared by direct mixing. Such
sediment remediation agents have certain effects on ecological remediation of rivers and
lakes, but have the disadvantages such as low utilization rate in a short time, low reaction
efficiency and low follow-up effects when being used in a direct addition method. As a
result, functions of each component in a corresponding stage cannot be fully exerted, a
certain effect will be achieved by adding a large number of the sediment remediation agents,
and the risk of secondary pollution is caused.
However, during application in deep-water rivers and lakes, the case happens that
effective components specially acting on the sediment are rapidly dispersed and floated in a
water environment in a descending process and thus are unable to further act on the
sediment. An expected effect can only be achieved by increasing the quantity, so that
secondary pollution will be caused.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, one purpose of the present invention is to provide a stepped type substrate improver for ecological remediation of deep-water rivers and lakes. The stepped type substrate improver has a high utilization rate, and functions of each component in various stages of a sediment remediation process can be fully exerted, so that the use amount of a sediment remediation agent is decreased, the investment of an ecological remediation project for sediment is effectively reduced, and the risk of secondary pollution in an ecological remediation process is reduced.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the
stepped type substrate improver.
For this purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A stepped type substrate improver for ecological remediation of deep-water rivers and
lakes includes a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrient layer and an oxygenation
layer which are arranged in sequence. The flocculation layer is obtained by uniformly
mixing polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate and
polyvinylpyrrolidone at a mass ratio of 1:1:(1-2):1 and then conducting pre-tableting. The
oxidation layer is obtained by uniformly mixing citric acid, humic acid and compound
potassium hydrogen persulfate (such as a potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate
compound salt (such as potassium monopersulfate and potassium hydrogen monopersulfate))
at a mass ratio of (1-2):(1-2):(2-4) and then conducting pre-tableting on the basis of the
flocculation layer. The nutrient layer is obtained by uniformly mixing calcium-based
bentonite, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate, an
alkali-excited modified mineral powder and diatomite at a mass ratio of
(2-3):1:1:1:(2-3):(2-3) and then conducting pre-tableting on the basis of the flocculation
layer and the oxidation layer. The oxygenation layer is obtained by uniformly mixing a
porous biological polymerization agent, sodium percarbonate (with a high release rate),
percarbamide (with a low release rate) and polyvinylpyrrolidone at a mass ratio of
(2-4):(2-3):(2-3):1 and then conducting tableting on the basis of the flocculation layer, the
oxidation layer and the nutrient layer.
The improver includes the following mass percent of the flocculation layer, the
oxidation layer, the nutrient layer and the oxygenation layer:
5-30% of the flocculation layer;
10-40% of the oxidation layer;
20-70% of the nutrient layer; and
5-35% of the oxygenation layer.
Most preferably, the improver includes the following mass percent of the flocculation
layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrient layer and the oxygenation layer:
7-25% of the flocculation layer;
15-30% of the oxidation layer;
25-55% of the nutrient layer; and
10-25% of the oxygenation layer.
Preferably, before use, the alkali-excited modified mineral powder is washed with
water for 3-4 times and then dried at 105 C.
Preferably, the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is not
greater than 0.2 cm, the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is
proportional to the water depth, and the total thickness of the oxidation layer and the nutrient
layer is proportional to the severe pollution situation of sediment.
Preferably, the substrate improver has a length of 5-11 cm, a width of 5-11 cm and a
thickness of 0.3-0.8 cm as a whole.
In a preparation process, the mixing uniformity and the tableting sequence need to be
ensured. The oxidation layer is required to be positioned between the flocculation layer and
the nutrient layer, and the nutrient layer is required to be positioned between the oxidation
layer and the oxygenation layer.
According to the present invention, a product is divided into four layers according to an
ecological remediation process of water, and the layers have different main functions. In the
process of descending from the surface of a deep-water river or lake to the bottom, the layers
mainly having functions include the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer, which can
effectively flocculate suspended colloids and other substances in the water and finally make
the substances settled to the bottom of the river or lake. In the process of descending,
beneficial microorganisms will be retained by the porous biological polymerization agent in
the oxygenation layer, so that the self-remediation sustainability of the water environment is
ensured while the self-purification ability of the water environment is strengthened. In the process of descending to the bottom, a small part of the components in the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer are retained for acting on the sediment continuously and flocculating and compressing the sediment, so that a basis is provided for exerting functions of the oxidation layer while the capacity of the water environment of the river or lake is increased.
In the present invention, the various layers can keep stable without reactions when
being dry, and will rapidly act on harmful substances in the water after placing in the water.
Moreover, various substances have a certain synergistic effect, and specific functions are as
follows.
The flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer mainly have the functions of
flocculation and complexation, and oxygenation and stabilization, respectively. The
polyaluminum chloride, the polyacrylamide and the porous biological polymerization agent
have the functions of chemical flocculation and biological flocculation. In the process of
descending in a deep-water river or lake, a part of suspended substances and colloids in the
water environment can be removed. The flocculation layer without the porous biological
polymerization agent is used for preventing an oxidizing substance in the oxidation layer
from destroying a part of biological structures. The polyvinylpyrrolidone has the functions
of antioxidant synergism and stabilization. On the one hand, a certain firmness after
tableting and forming can be ensured. On the other hand, an oxidizing substance and a
corrosive substance in the oxidation layer can be prevented from destroying the structure of
a substance in the flocculation layer. The disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA) in
the flocculation layer is an antioxidant and a complexing agent, and can be used for
complexing heavy metal ions in the water environment in the process of descending in a
deep-water river or lake. The sodium percarbonate and the percarbamide in the oxygenation
layer have the functions of rapidly releasing oxygen and slowly releasing oxygen,
respectively, so that the instantaneity and sustainability of oxygen in the water are ensured.
The oxidation layer mainly has the functions of conducting disinfection, removing
macromolecular organic substances and converting other substances. Under the action of the
citric acid and the humic acid, harmful microorganisms in the sediment can be effectively
removed, so that harm caused by viruses and bacteria is reduced. Under the action of the compound potassium hydrogen persulfate, the redox potential of a sediment-water interface can be improved, and the purpose of eliminating harmful bacteria is achieved by reducing the permeability of microbial cells in the sediment. Bivalent iron and aluminum atoms in the water can be oxidized into trivalent atoms by an oxidation effect, so that a flocculation effect is promoted, the transparency of the water is improved, and diffusion of heavy metal ions in the sediment is reduced. Nitrites and hydrogen sulfide in the sediment can be oxidized into nitrates and sulfates, respectively, so that organic pollutants which are toxic and difficult to degrade are removed, and hepatotoxin and other kinds of algal toxins produced by the death of deposited algae are degraded.
The nutrient layer is mainly used for providing nutrients and nutrient elements required
by plants and microorganisms. The alkali-excited modified mineral powder and the
diatomite can also be used for reducing heavy metal ions in the water and the sediment
under the action of ion exchange and adsorption.
Compared with similar products, the present invention has the following
beneficial effects.
1. According to the present invention, as the porous biological polymerization agent is
combined with other effective chemical substances under the action of layering, the same
sediment remediation agent has a biological effect and a chemical effect simultaneously, so
that not only can a rapid and good effect on the current environment be ensured effectively
under the action of a chemical reagent, but also a continuous effect can be maintained under
the action of microorganisms, and meanwhile, the self-purification ability of the water
environment and the sediment is strengthened.
2. According to the present invention, a layered structure is designed for the sequence
of different stages of ecological remediation based on a conventional ecological remediation
method, so that the maximum utilization rate of corresponding effective substances at
different stages under different aging conditions is ensured, the problem of secondary
pollution caused by excessive addition is avoided, and the investment of an ecological
remediation project is effectively reduced. The added amount is about 1/2 of that of a similar
product in the market to achieve the same effect.
3. According to the present invention, through the addition of a variety of substances with a stabilization effect, it is ensured that the product has certain stability at normal temperature under dry conditions, and the shelf life is as long as 3.5 years, which is 2 years longer than that of a similar product in the market.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS An improver of the present invention is described in detail in the following embodiments. A porous biological polymerization agent used in the present invention is an efficient water purification product including a variety of natural mineral powders, a special compound microorganism extracted from the nature and a metabolite thereof. The product includes a variety of minerals and a variety of microorganisms such as mold, yeast and actinomyces according to a specific formula. A preparation method of the porous biological polymerization agent is recorded in a Chinese invention patent with the public number of CN111018282A titled "POROUS BIOLOGICAL POLYMERIZATION AGENT FOR DEWATERING OF SEDIMENT IN ECOLOGICAL DREDGING OF RIVERS AND LAKES", and the contents of which are included in the present invention, where a porous biological polymerization agent used in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is the porous biological polymerization agent prepared in Embodiment 1 of the invention patent. Polyaluminum chloride used in the present invention is a commercially available solid product, and the mass fraction of aluminum chloride may be 26%, 28%, or 30%. Calcium-based bentonite used in the present invention is a commercially available product with Ca 2as an interlayer cation. An alkali-excited modified mineral powder used in the present invention is a commercially available product which is modified based on an alkali excitation principle.
Embodiment 1 An outdoor medium-sized container with a length of 1m, a width of 1 m and a height of 1.5 m was used for simulating a river and lake environment. Water and sediment in a Qilu lake in Tonghai county, Yunnan province and seeds of eel grass having strong adaptability were used as experimental materials. The container was placed outdoors to ensure natural conditions. Then, the black smelly sediment was spread at the bottom of the container, and the seeds of eel grass were added at fixed points, where the total thickness of the sediment was 0.2 m, and the total water depth was 0.8 m (excluding the sediment). Three instruments for monitoring dissolved oxygen were distributed at fixed points in a triangular shape in the middle of a water environment. A stepped type substrate improver for ecological remediation of deep-water rivers and lakes in this embodiment was prepared by the following method. First, an alkali-excited mineral powder in a nutrient layer was washed with water for 3-4 times and then dried and pre-treated at 105 C. Then, components of various layers were prepared according to the following mass ratios, and mixed uniformly, respectively: (1) the mass ratio of polyacrylamide to polyaluminum chloride (the mass fraction of aluminum chloride was 26%) to disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate to polyvinylpyrrolidone was 1:1:2:1; (2) the mass ratio of citric acid to humic acid to compound potassium hydrogen persulfate was 1:1:2; (3) the mass ratio of calcium-based bentonite to magnesium chloride to calcium chloride to anhydrous sodium sulfate to an alkali-excited modified mineral powder to diatomite was 2:1:1:1:2:2; and (4) the mass ratio of a porous biological polymerization agent to sodium percarbonate to percarbamide to polyvinylpyrrolidone was 2:2:2:1. Quantitative samples of a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrient layer and an oxygenation layer were taken out according to the mass percent of 15%, 20%, 50% and 15%, respectively. Then, substances of the flocculation layer were pre-tableted, substances of the oxidation layer were pre-tableted on the basis of the flocculation layer, and pre-tableting was conducted in this sequence to obtain a formed improver, where the improver had a length of 7 cm and a width of 7 cm, the thickness of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrient layer and the oxygenation layer was about 0.1 cm, 0.15 cm, 0.2 cm and 0.1 cm, respectively, and the total thickness was about 0.55 cm. When the sediment improver with the above proportions was added from a water surface, the improver slowly settled to the bottom of the container due to great buoyancy produced by a large surface area, effective components for flocculation and increasing dissolved oxygen in the upper and lower layers were rapidly dissolved in the settling process, and the process was observed that floating substances in the water were slowly flocculated and further flocculated. The overall water environment required 6 days to become clear and transparent, and was kept clear continuously within the following 5 days. According to display of dissolved oxygen detectors, the content of dissolved oxygen was also slowly increased. When the sediment improver settled to the bottom of the container to get full contact with the sediment, the processes of dissolution of the sediment improver and improvement of the sediment were carried out simultaneously. Under the action of a slow release effect and the biological polymerization agent, the sediment gradually turned yellow after 7 days, and the seeds of eel grass germinated and grew after 8 days.
Embodiment 2
An outdoor medium-sized container with a length of 1m, a width of 1 m and a height
of 1.5 m was used for simulating a river and lake environment. Water and sediment in a Qilu
lake in Tonghai county, Yunnan province and seeds of eel grass having strong adaptability
were used as experimental materials. The container was placed outdoors to ensure natural
conditions. Then, the black smelly sediment was spread at the bottom of the container, and
the seeds of eel grass were added at fixed points, where the total thickness was 0.2 m, and
the total water depth was 1.2 m. Three instruments for monitoring dissolved oxygen were
distributed at fixed points in a triangular shape in the middle of a water environment.
A stepped type substrate improver for ecological remediation of deep-water rivers and
lakes in this embodiment was prepared by the following method.
First, an alkali-excited mineral powder in a nutrient layer was sequentially washed with
water for 3-4 times and then dried and pre-treated at 105 C. Then, components of various
layers were prepared according to the following mass ratios, and mixed uniformly,
respectively:
(1) the mass ratio of polyacrylamide to polyaluminum chloride (the mass fraction of
aluminum chloride was 26%) to disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate to polyvinylpyrrolidone was 1:1:2:1;
(2) the mass ratio of citric acid to humic acid to compound potassium hydrogen
persulfate was 1:1:2;
(3) the mass ratio of calcium-based bentonite to magnesium chloride to calcium
chloride to anhydrous sodium sulfate to an alkali-excited modified mineral powder to
diatomite was 2:1:1:1:2:2; and
(4) the mass ratio of a porous biological polymerization agent to sodium percarbonate
to percarbamide to polyvinylpyrrolidone was 2:2:2:1.
Quantitative samples of a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrient layer and an
oxygenation layer were taken out according to the mass percent of 20%, 28%, 28% and 22%,
respectively.
Then, substances of the flocculation layer were pre-tableted, substances of the
oxidation layer were pre-tableted on the basis of the flocculation layer, and pre-tableting was
conducted in this sequence to obtain a formed improver, where the improver had a length of
cm and a width of 10 cm, the thickness of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the
nutrient layer and the oxygenation layer was about 0.11 cm, 0.17 cm, 0.18 cm and 0.13 cm,
respectively, and the total thickness was about 0.59 cm.
When the sediment improver with the above proportions was added from a water
surface, the improver slowly settled to the bottom of the container due to great buoyancy
produced by a large surface area, effective components for flocculation and increasing
dissolved oxygen in the upper and lower layers were rapidly dissolved in the settling process,
and the process was observed that floating substances in the water were slowly flocculated
and further flocculated. The overall water environment required 3 days to become clear and
transparent, and was kept clear continuously within the following 5 days. According to
display of dissolved oxygen detectors, the content of dissolved oxygen was also slowly
increased. When the sediment improver settled to the bottom of the container to get full
contact with the sediment, the processes of dissolution of the sediment improver and
improvement of the sediment were carried out simultaneously. Under the action of a slow
release effect and the biological polymerization agent, the sediment gradually turned yellow
after 9 days, and the seeds of eel grass germinated and grew after 10 days.
Comparative Example 1
An outdoor medium-sized container with a length of 1m, a width of 1 m and a height
of 1.5 m was used for simulating a river and lake environment. Water and sediment in a Qilu
lake in Tonghai county, Yunnan province and seeds of eel grass having strong adaptability
were used as experimental materials. The container was placed outdoors to ensure natural
conditions. Then, the black smelly sediment was spread at the bottom of the container, and
the seeds of eel grass were added at fixed points, where the total thickness was 0.2 m, and
the total water depth was 0.8 m. Three instruments for monitoring dissolved oxygen were
distributed at fixed points in a triangular shape in the middle of a water environment.
As a blank control group, restoration was carried out under natural ecological
conditions without adding any sediment improver in this example. Timing was conducted
when necessary conditions were provided. Under the action of self-generation of beneficial
microorganisms and gravity settling, partial floating substances in the water environment
were dissolved in a small part and settled in a large part. The overall water environment
required 15 days to become clear and transparent. However, after 15 days, small particles
still floated in the water environment. Due to full integration of dissolved oxygen in the air,
a sediment environment was gradually improved and loosened, some harmful substances in
the sediment were released, and beneficial microorganisms were gradually activated and
varied. Under the action of slow remediation of microorganisms, the sediment gradually
turned yellow after 25 days. However, the seeds of eel grass were not provided with required
nutrients within the natural restoration time of a small ecosystem and thus were eroded by
harmful substances around the sediment. As a result, it was found that the seeds of eel grass
were rotten when being taken out after 25 days.
Comparative Example 2
An outdoor medium-sized container with a length of 1m, a width of 1 m and a height
of 1.5 m was used for simulating a river and lake environment. Water and sediment in a Qilu
lake in Tonghai county, Yunnan province and seeds of eel grass having strong adaptability
were used as experimental materials. The container was placed outdoors to ensure natural conditions. Then, the black smelly sediment was spread at the bottom of the container, and the seeds of eel grass were added at fixed points, where the total thickness was 0.2 m, and the total water depth was 0.8 m. Three instruments for monitoring dissolved oxygen were distributed at fixed points in a triangular shape in the middle of a water environment. 100 g of a commercially available powdered sediment improver was uniformly poured. Flocculent substances were produced in a settling process. The overall water environment became clear rapidly within 6 days. However, after 8 days, the sediment floated upward at a sediment-water interface, and some insoluble substances continued to float in the water environment. The phenomenon of a three-layer coexistence of a water layer, a sediment layer and a sediment-water mixed layer was found, where the height of the sediment-water mixed layer was about 4 cm. After 10 days, the whole environment reached a balanced state. When the sediment improver settled to the bottom of the container to get full contact with the sediment, the sediment gradually turned yellow after 7 days, and the seeds of eel grass germinated and grew after 8 days.
Table 2 Addition differences in various examples Time for a Type of a water Time for Time for sediment Water environment black Ratio of various eel grass to remediation depth, to become sediment to layers (wto) germinate, agent meter clear and turn yellow, transparent, day day day Embodiment Present 1 invention Embodiment Present 2 invention Comparative No addition No Example 1 germination Comparative Commerciall Example 2 y available
From the above table, it can be seen that when the flocculation layer and the
oxygenation layer have larger proportions of flocculation and oxygenation components
under the same conditions, the time required for the water environment to become clear and transparent is shorter. Meanwhile, it is also indicated that when other effective components are reduced, the time for remediation and yellowing of the sediment is longer. The percent of each layer is required to be adjusted according to the actual water depth and the pollution degree of the sediment.
Claims (5)
1. A stepped type substrate improver for ecological remediation of deep-water rivers and lakes, comprising a flocculation layer, an oxidation layer, a nutrient layer and an oxygenation layer which are arranged in sequence, wherein the flocculation layer is obtained by uniformly mixing polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone at a mass ratio of 1:1:(1-2):1 and then conducting pre-tableting; the oxidation layer is obtained by uniformly mixing citric acid, humic acid and compound potassium hydrogen persulfate at a mass ratio of (1-2):(1-2):(2-4) and then conducting pre-tableting on the basis of the flocculation layer; the nutrient layer is obtained by uniformly mixing calcium-based bentonite, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulfate, an alkali-excited modified mineral powder and diatomite at a mass ratio of (2-3):1:1:1:(2-3):(2-3) and then conducting pre-tableting on the basis of the flocculation layer and the oxidation layer; the oxygenation layer is obtained by uniformly mixing a porous biological polymerization agent, sodium percarbonate, percarbamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone at a mass ratio of (2-4):(2-3):(2-3):1 and then conducting tableting on the basis of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer and the nutrient layer; and the improver comprises the following mass percent of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrient layer and the oxygenation layer: 5-30% of the flocculation layer; 10-40% of the oxidation layer; 20-70% of the nutrient layer; and 5-25% of the oxygenation layer.
2. The stepped type substrate improver according to claim 1, wherein the improver comprises the following mass percent of the flocculation layer, the oxidation layer, the nutrient layer and the oxygenation layer: 7-25% of the flocculation layer; 15-30% of the oxidation layer; 25-55% of the nutrient layer; and 10-25% of the oxygenation layer.
3. The stepped type substrate improver according to claim 1, wherein before use, the alkali-excited modified mineral powder is washed with water for 3-4 times and then dried at 105°C.
4. The stepped type substrate improver according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is not greater than 0.2 cm, the total thickness of the flocculation layer and the oxygenation layer is proportional to the water depth, and the total thickness of the oxidation layer and the nutrient layer is proportional to the severe pollution situation of sediment.
5. The stepped type substrate improver according to claim 4, wherein the substrate improver has a length of 5-11 cm, a width of 5-11 cm and a thickness of 0.3-0.8 cm as a whole.
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| PCT/CN2022/135042 WO2023098663A1 (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2022-11-29 | Stepped sediment modifier for ecological restoration of deepwater rivers and lakes |
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