CN113834848A - Heat conduction efficiency test system of heat exchange structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state - Google Patents
Heat conduction efficiency test system of heat exchange structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state Download PDFInfo
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- CN113834848A CN113834848A CN202010512167.1A CN202010512167A CN113834848A CN 113834848 A CN113834848 A CN 113834848A CN 202010512167 A CN202010512167 A CN 202010512167A CN 113834848 A CN113834848 A CN 113834848A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat conduction efficiency testing system of a heat exchange structure in an ultralow temperature vacuum state. The system comprises a liquid nitrogen circulation loop, a vacuum system and a temperature testing and recording system, wherein the heat exchange structure is placed in the vacuum system, the vacuum system is used for enabling the heat exchange structure to be under a vacuum heat insulation condition, part of the loop of the liquid nitrogen circulation loop is placed in the vacuum system and used for providing liquid nitrogen for the heat exchange structure, and the temperature testing and recording system is used for measuring the temperature of the heat exchange structure and recording related data. The invention has the following effects: the heat conduction test of the system is carried out under the conditions of vacuum, heat insulation and ultralow temperature, the influence of convection, heat conduction and heat radiation is reduced to the maximum extent, the actual working temperature of the superconducting coil supporting part is reached, and the reliability of the heat conduction efficiency test result is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat conduction efficiency testing, and particularly relates to a heat conduction efficiency testing system of a heat exchange structure in an ultralow temperature vacuum state.
Background
In order to ensure the normal work of a superconducting coil in the superconducting Tokamak device, the temperature of a supporting part directly contacting the superconducting coil is not more than 80K (-193 ℃), and the heat exchange structure with high-pressure low-temperature helium flow flowing inside is required to be arranged on the supporting part. The connection between the heat exchange structure and the support member must have a high heat transfer efficiency, and the helium flow can keep the support member at a low temperature to maintain the normal operation of the superconducting coil. If the heat conduction efficiency is low, the temperature of the supporting part is too high, so that the temperature of the superconducting coil is increased and then quench, and a major accident is caused. The heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange structure adopting different connection process parameters is greatly different, and the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange structure needs to be accurately tested to determine the connection process parameters of the heat exchange structure.
The heat conduction efficiency of the existing heat exchanger, air conditioner and the like is mostly obtained by empirical estimation and theoretical model analysis and calculation, the actual situation cannot be accurately reflected, and the error is large. And the heat conduction efficiency test of doing at present is mostly under normal atmospheric temperature condition, can't realize the accurate test of heat conduction efficiency of heat transfer structure under the ultra-low temperature vacuum state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat conduction efficiency testing system of a heat exchange structure in an ultralow temperature vacuum state, which can realize accurate test of the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a heat conduction efficiency test system of heat transfer structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state, includes vacuum system, liquid nitrogen circulation circuit and temperature test and record system, vacuum system in be provided with the heat transfer structure, vacuum system is used for making the heat transfer structure be in under the adiabatic condition of vacuum, the partial return circuit of liquid nitrogen circulation circuit is arranged in vacuum system and is used for providing the liquid nitrogen to the heat transfer structure, temperature test and record system are used for measuring heat transfer structure temperature and record relevant data.
The vacuum system comprises a vacuum chamber, a vacuum gauge, a mechanical drive vacuum pump and a Roots vacuum pump, wherein a heat exchange structure is arranged in the vacuum chamber, the mechanical drive vacuum pump is connected with the Roots vacuum pump, and the Roots vacuum pump is connected with the vacuum chamber through a pipeline.
The vacuum chamber is of a square box structure.
The Roots vacuum pump is provided with a vacuum gauge through a pipeline between the pipeline and the vacuum chamber.
The liquid nitrogen circulation loop comprises a gas-liquid separator, a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container, a liquid nitrogen loop and a heat exchange structure, wherein the gas-liquid separator is connected with the self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the heat exchange structure arranged in the vacuum chamber through the liquid nitrogen loop.
The temperature testing and recording system comprises a temperature display and recorder and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged on the heat exchange structure, and the temperature display and recorder is connected with the temperature sensor 10 through a sensor sealing interface.
The temperature sensor is an A-level PT100 thermal resistance temperature sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the heat conduction test of the system is carried out under the conditions of vacuum, heat insulation and ultralow temperature, the influence of convection, heat conduction and heat radiation is reduced to the maximum extent, the actual working temperature of the superconducting coil supporting part is reached, and the reliability of the heat conduction efficiency test result is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat conduction efficiency testing system of a heat exchange structure in an ultralow temperature vacuum state according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the vacuum chamber.
In the figure: 1 gas-liquid separator; 2 self-pressurizing liquid nitrogen container; 3 temperature display and recorder; 4, a vacuum chamber; 5 a liquid nitrogen loop; 6, a vacuum gauge; 7 mechanically driving a vacuum pump; 8 Roots vacuum pump; 9, a heat exchange structure; 10 a temperature sensor; 11 sensor seal interface; 12 vacuum pump seal interface.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
The heat conduction efficiency test system of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state comprises a liquid nitrogen circulation loop, a vacuum system and a temperature test and record system. The heat exchange structure is placed in a vacuum system, the vacuum system is used for enabling the heat exchange structure to be under a vacuum heat insulation condition, a part of loops of the liquid nitrogen circulation loop are placed in the vacuum system and connected with the heat exchange structure to provide liquid nitrogen for the heat exchange structure, and the temperature testing and recording system is used for measuring the temperature of the heat exchange structure and recording relevant data.
The heat conduction efficiency test system of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state comprises a liquid nitrogen circulation loop, a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container, a liquid nitrogen loop and a heat exchange structure in a vacuum chamber, wherein the output end of the self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container is connected with the liquid nitrogen container and is controlled by the liquid gas separator, the output end of the liquid gas separator is communicated with the heat exchange structure arranged in the vacuum system, and liquid nitrogen passing through the heat exchange structure returns to the liquid gas separator through the liquid nitrogen loop.
The system for testing the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state comprises a vacuum chamber, a vacuum gauge, a mechanical drive vacuum pump and a roots vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum chamber is of a square box structure and provides a vacuum heat insulation environment for the heat exchange structure, the mechanical drive vacuum pump and the roots vacuum pump enable the vacuum chamber to reach a required vacuum degree, the vacuum gauge is used for detecting the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber, the mechanical drive vacuum pump, the roots vacuum pump and the vacuum chamber are sequentially connected in series, and the vacuum gauge is arranged between the roots vacuum pump and a pipeline communicated with the vacuum chamber.
As above heat conduction efficiency test system of heat transfer structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state, wherein, temperature test and record system by temperature display and record appearance, temperature sensor constitutes, temperature sensor is A level PT100 thermal resistance temperature sensor for detect heat transfer structure temperature and give temperature display and record appearance with signal transmission, the record appearance can show heat transfer structure temperature in real time and once every 60s records, temperature display and record appearance and temperature sensor realize being connected through the sealing interface on the real empty room.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for testing heat conduction efficiency of a heat exchange structure in an ultra-low temperature vacuum state comprises a vacuum system, a liquid nitrogen circulation loop and a temperature testing and recording system. The vacuum system is provided with a heat exchange structure 9 and used for enabling the heat exchange structure 9 to be under a vacuum heat insulation condition, a partial loop of a liquid nitrogen circulation loop is arranged in the vacuum system and used for providing liquid nitrogen for the heat exchange structure, and the temperature testing and recording system is used for measuring the temperature of the heat exchange structure and recording related data.
The liquid nitrogen circulation loop comprises a gas-liquid separator 1, a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container 2, a liquid nitrogen loop 5 and a heat exchange structure 9. The gas-liquid separator 1 has a volume of 50L, and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator is provided with a pneumatic valve, and the opening or closing of the pneumatic valve is controlled by a liquid level meter in the gas-liquid separator 1. The self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container 2 is a 175L vacuum multilayer heat insulation container with the working pressure of 0.27-1.1 MPa. The liquid nitrogen loop 5 is a vacuum pipeline with design pressure of 1.6MPa and interlayer vacuum degree of 1 × 10 or more-3Pa, manufacturing the pipeline in sections, wherein each section is independently vacuum, and the connection form is a vacuum heat-insulation flange structure. When the self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container 2 reaches the working pressure, liquid nitrogen is injected into the gas-liquid separator 1 through the liquid nitrogen loop 5 and enters the heat exchange structure along the liquid nitrogen loop 5.
The vacuum system comprises a vacuum chamber 4, a vacuum gauge 6, a mechanical drive vacuum pump 7 and a Roots vacuum pump 8. The vacuum chamber 4 is a square box structure and provides a vacuum heat insulation environment for the heat exchange structure 9. The vacuum chamber 4 is brought to a desired degree of vacuum by mechanically driving the vacuum pump 7 and the roots vacuum pump 8. The vacuum gauge 6 is used for detecting the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber. The mechanical drive vacuum pump 7, the Roots vacuum pump 8 and the vacuum chamber 4 are connected in series in sequence. After the heat exchange structure is arranged in the vacuum chamber 4 and sealed, the mechanical drive vacuum pump 7 firstly carries out vacuum pumping on the vacuum chamber 4 through the vacuum pump sealing interface 12, when the vacuum degree measured by the vacuum gauge 6 reaches below 10Pa, the Roots vacuum pump 8 is opened, and when the vacuum degree reaches 5 multiplied by 10-2And after Pa, opening a liquid nitrogen injection valve to inject liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen circulation loop 5.
The temperature testing and recording system comprises a temperature display and recorder 3 and a temperature sensor 10. The temperature sensor 10 is an a-level PT100 thermal resistance temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heat exchange structure 9 and transmitting a signal to the temperature display and recorder 3, which can display the temperature of the heat exchange structure 9 in real time and record the temperature once every 60 seconds. The temperature display and recording instrument 3 is connected with the temperature sensor 10 through a sensor sealing interface 11.
The operation process of the embodiment for the actual test is as follows: firstly, cleaning a heat exchange structure by using an organic solvent to reduce air bleeding during vacuum pumping, ensure the vacuum degree and reduce the influence of convection on a heat conduction efficiency test; a temperature sensor is arranged on the heat exchange structure, and is wrapped by a multilayer radiation-proof heat-insulating cladding, and the bottom of the heat exchange structure is supported by a heat-insulating material, so that the influence of heat radiation and heat conduction on a heat conduction efficiency test is reduced; cleaning the heat exchange structure again, sending the heat exchange structure into a vacuum chamber, and connecting a liquid nitrogen loop joint and a temperature sensor joint; sealing the vacuum chamber, opening the mechanical drive vacuum pump, and opening the Roots vacuum pump until the vacuum degree reaches 5 × 10 when the vacuum gauge shows that the vacuum degree reaches below 10Pa-2Pa; and opening a liquid inlet valve, injecting liquid nitrogen into the heat exchange structure, and simultaneously opening a temperature display and recording instrument to automatically record the temperature change of the heat exchange structure. And calculating the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure adopting different connection process parameters according to the size, the material, the physical property and the temperature change result of the heat exchange structure.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a heat conduction efficiency test system of heat transfer structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state which characterized in that: the system comprises a vacuum system, a liquid nitrogen circulation loop and a temperature testing and recording system, wherein a heat exchange structure is arranged in the vacuum system, the vacuum system is used for enabling the heat exchange structure to be under a vacuum heat insulation condition, part of loops of the liquid nitrogen circulation loop are arranged in the vacuum system and used for providing liquid nitrogen for the heat exchange structure, and the temperature testing and recording system is used for measuring the temperature of the heat exchange structure and recording related data.
2. The system for testing the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state according to claim 1, wherein: the vacuum system comprises a vacuum chamber, a vacuum gauge, a mechanical drive vacuum pump and a Roots vacuum pump, wherein a heat exchange structure is arranged in the vacuum chamber, the mechanical drive vacuum pump is connected with the Roots vacuum pump, and the Roots vacuum pump is connected with the vacuum chamber through a pipeline.
3. The system for testing the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state according to claim 2, wherein: the vacuum chamber is of a square box structure.
4. The system for testing the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state according to claim 2, wherein: the Roots vacuum pump is provided with a vacuum gauge through a pipeline between the pipeline and the vacuum chamber.
5. The system for testing the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid nitrogen circulation loop comprises a gas-liquid separator, a self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container, a liquid nitrogen loop and a heat exchange structure, wherein the gas-liquid separator is connected with the self-pressurization liquid nitrogen container through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the heat exchange structure arranged in the vacuum chamber through the liquid nitrogen loop.
6. The system for testing the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature testing and recording system comprises a temperature display and recorder and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged on the heat exchange structure, and the temperature display and recorder is connected with the temperature sensor 10 through a sensor sealing interface.
7. The system for testing the heat conduction efficiency of the heat exchange structure in the ultralow temperature vacuum state according to claim 6, wherein: the temperature sensor is an A-level PT100 thermal resistance temperature sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010512167.1A CN113834848A (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Heat conduction efficiency test system of heat exchange structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010512167.1A CN113834848A (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Heat conduction efficiency test system of heat exchange structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state |
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| CN113834848A true CN113834848A (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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| CN202010512167.1A Pending CN113834848A (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Heat conduction efficiency test system of heat exchange structure under ultra-low temperature vacuum state |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101915783A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 上海交通大学 | Heat conductivity coefficient measurer of double-test-piece guarded hot plate for liquid nitrogen temperature area |
| CN102809581A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-12-05 | 上海交通大学 | Device for testing performance of low-temperature vacuum multilayer heat-insulation material based on thermal protection |
| CN103884519A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-25 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Ultralow temperature vacuum heat transfer efficiency test system |
| CN204302135U (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-29 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Metal shaft surface abrasion fatigue experimental device |
| CN206075980U (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-04-05 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of controlled rate superconducting magnet cooling experimental provision |
| CN109916950A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-21 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of temperature control performance assessment device of heat sink material |
-
2020
- 2020-06-08 CN CN202010512167.1A patent/CN113834848A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101915783A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 上海交通大学 | Heat conductivity coefficient measurer of double-test-piece guarded hot plate for liquid nitrogen temperature area |
| CN102809581A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-12-05 | 上海交通大学 | Device for testing performance of low-temperature vacuum multilayer heat-insulation material based on thermal protection |
| CN103884519A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-25 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Ultralow temperature vacuum heat transfer efficiency test system |
| CN204302135U (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-29 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Metal shaft surface abrasion fatigue experimental device |
| CN206075980U (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-04-05 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of controlled rate superconducting magnet cooling experimental provision |
| CN109916950A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-21 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of temperature control performance assessment device of heat sink material |
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Application publication date: 20211224 |