CN113832978A - Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method - Google Patents

Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113832978A
CN113832978A CN202111177076.8A CN202111177076A CN113832978A CN 113832978 A CN113832978 A CN 113832978A CN 202111177076 A CN202111177076 A CN 202111177076A CN 113832978 A CN113832978 A CN 113832978A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
tuff
weathering
excavation
slope
excavated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202111177076.8A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN113832978B (en
Inventor
张晓辉
刘鑫
谭程龙
张思卿
陈剑
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nanjing Branch Of Cccc Third Harbor Engineering Co ltd
No3 Engineering Co Ltd Of Cccc Third Harbor Engineering Co ltd
Original Assignee
Nanjing Branch Of Cccc Third Harbor Engineering Co ltd
No3 Engineering Co Ltd Of Cccc Third Harbor Engineering Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nanjing Branch Of Cccc Third Harbor Engineering Co ltd, No3 Engineering Co Ltd Of Cccc Third Harbor Engineering Co ltd filed Critical Nanjing Branch Of Cccc Third Harbor Engineering Co ltd
Priority to CN202111177076.8A priority Critical patent/CN113832978B/en
Publication of CN113832978A publication Critical patent/CN113832978A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113832978B publication Critical patent/CN113832978B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • G06T17/05—Geographic models
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a tuff side slope weather-resistant excavation method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring slope information to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system, wherein the transverse direction of the cross section of the slope is taken as an X axis, the longitudinal direction is taken as a Z axis, and the normal direction is taken as a Y axis; designing an excavation surface according to the slope ratio of the side slope and marking a point distribution coordinate as (x)i，yi，zi) (ii) a Using the contact surface of the stratum with different tuff weathering degrees as a control surface and marking a point distribution seat as (x)j，yj，zj) (ii) a If the side slope needs to be excavated step by step, dividing the excavated soil body into n areas by taking n steps as boundaries along the Z-axis direction, and calculating the earth volume V of different strata in each areaj(ii) a If the side slope does not need to be excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is worked along the height of the side slopeDividing regions, and calculating the earth volume V of different stratums in each regionj(ii) a The excavation speed of each area of different stratums is determined by the earth volume and the construction progress, the excavation speed is greater than the weathering speed, and the relation between the excavation speed and the weathering speed is determined according to the weathering degree of tuff.

Description

Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a weatherproof excavation method for a tuff side slope.
Background
With the vigorous development of the traffic construction industry in China, the key points of the construction of roads, particularly high-grade roads, extend from plain areas to mountain areas and hilly areas, and hills distributed continuously not only bring weak changes of geological conditions, but also present complex and changeable situations of construction environments. The existence of bad special stratum causes great trouble to the excavation construction of the high slope, and the special physical and chemical properties of the stratum cause that the construction process must be adjusted in a targeted manner to ensure the safety and stability of the slope.
Tuff belongs to bad special stratum, is widely present in China territory, has the characteristics of low natural water content, easy softening in water, poor bonding capability and the like, and has the most obvious engineering characteristics of: the rock quality is soft, the cracks develop, the weathering disintegration speed is high after the excavation exposure, the physical and mechanical indexes change rapidly, and the excavation progress and safety are greatly influenced. Certain progress has been made on the change of the physical and mechanical properties of tuff along with time, and relevant theories and evolution equations can be used in the weathering calculation of tuff side slopes, so that a theoretical basis is provided for designing safe excavation speed.
At present, scheme design is carried out on side slope excavation by adopting a three-dimensional modeling method, for example, a three-dimensional parametric modeling method applied to arch dam side slope excavation is recorded in patent CN202110262603.9, three-dimensional modeling is carried out by utilizing the geometric characteristics of a basal plane of the arch dam side slope, and an excavation model is established by constraint through slope height, side slope coefficients and the like, but the patent does not consider the influence of different stratums on the excavation progress in the excavation process. The patent CN202010039969.5 describes a low-disturbance excavation construction method for red rock-soil mass, which relates to excavation methods for weak strata with different weathering degrees, but does not quantitatively restrict the excavation speed.
At present, a safe construction scheme considering weathering characteristics of the tuff slope excavation technology is not provided, strength attenuation caused by exposure and weathering of a weatherable stratum is neglected in the existing slope excavation method, and the excavation speed is not changed in a targeted manner, so that the tuff slope weathering-resistant excavation method needs to be established.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the method is used for solving the problem that excavation speed constraints are neglected in excavation of different strata containing tuff side slopes in the existing side slope excavation method, and can control the change of excavation speeds of the tuff side slopes in the different strata.
The technical scheme is as follows: a tuff side slope weatherproof excavation method comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring side slope three-dimensional information according to an engineering survey report and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system to construct a side slope model, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate system takes the parallel plane of the cross section of the side slope as an X-Z plane, the transverse direction of the cross section as an X axis, the longitudinal direction of the cross section as a Z axis and the normal direction of the normal line of the cross section as a Y axis; designing an excavation surface according to the slope ratio of the side slope, displaying the excavation surface in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and distributing coordinates for points on the excavation surface as (x)i，yi，zi) (ii) a (2) Determining the positions and the distribution of the stratums with different tuff weathering degrees in the side slope according to the engineering geological survey report, presenting the positions and the distribution in a three-dimensional coordinate system, taking the contact surfaces of the different stratums as control surfaces, and distributing coordinates (x) for points on the control surfacesj，yj，zj) (ii) a Confirming the side slope to be excavated step by step or not, wherein for the side slope excavated step by step, dividing the excavated soil body into n areas by taking n steps as boundaries in the Z-axis direction, and calculating the earth volume V to be excavated of different stratums in each areaj(ii) a For the side slope which does not need to be excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is divided into areas along the height of the side slope, and the earth volume V needing to be excavated of different stratums in each area is calculatedj(ii) a (3) For aThe excavation speed of each area of the stratum with the same weathering degree is determined by the corresponding earth volume VjAnd determining the construction progress, wherein the excavation speed of each stratum is greater than the weathering speed of the stratum, and the quantitative relation between the excavation speed and the weathering speed is determined according to the weathering degree of the tuff of the stratum.
Further, in step (1), the slope has a plan view in a three-dimensional coordinate system for determining a position of the slope, the plan view being tangential to the X-axis in the lateral direction, and the plan view being tangential to the Y-axis in the longitudinal direction.
Further, in the step (2), when the slope height of the side slope of the stratum containing tuff is less than 5m and the slope ratio is less than 1:0.75, determining that the side slope does not need to be excavated step by step; or when the slope height of the side slope containing the tuff stratum is more than 5m and the slope ratio is less than 1:1.00, confirming that the side slope does not need to be excavated step by step.
Further, in the step (2), for the side slope which does not need to be excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is divided into areas along the height of the side slope: when the height of the side slope is less than or equal to 5m, excavating a soil body without partitioning; when the height of the side slope is more than 5 meters and less than or equal to 30 meters, the excavated soil body is divided into a first grade according to every 5 meters from bottom to top and a single grade according to the height of less than 5 meters from top to bottom; when the height of the side slope is more than 30 meters, the excavated soil body is divided into a first grade according to every 10 meters from bottom to top and a single grade according to the height of less than 10 meters from top to bottom.
Further, in the step (2), the slopes needing to be excavated step by step are divided into a first level according to 10 meters from bottom to top and a single level according to the distance from the top to the top which is less than 10 meters.
Further, in the step (2), for the side slope which is excavated step by step or does not need to be excavated step by step, V of the earth volume needing to be excavated in different stratums in each divided areaiThe calculating step comprises:
(21) dividing an X-Y plane of a three-dimensional coordinate system into 1m multiplied by 1m grid units by taking the X-Y plane as a standard plane, and determining coordinates of grid corner points on each control surface;
(22) the method comprises the steps of further dividing the excavated soil body into hexahedral units by taking grids as subdivision units, and calculating the volume of the hexahedral units to obtain different soil layers in each area to be excavatedVolume of excavated earth ViThe volume of the hexahedral unit is approximately equivalent to that of a cuboid with the bottom surface of 1m multiplied by 1m, the height difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hexahedral unit is recorded as h,
Figure BDA0003295659580000031
Vij＝s·h；
Figure BDA0003295659580000032
wherein VijVolume of each rectangular parallelepiped cell, ViThe earth volume of a certain soil layer in a certain designated area.
Further, in the step (3), when the excavation speed of each area is determined according to the construction progress, the coordinates of the excavation point of the excavator or the worker are made to be (x)k，yk，zk) If z isk≤zjIndicating that the excavation speed is changed when the next stratum is excavated; when z isk＝zWhen i isAnd stopping excavation.
Further, in the step (3), the step of calculating the weathering speed of each stratum is as follows: (31) determining the weathering speed of each stratum according to the change of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle of the tuff of each stratum, and obtaining an equation of the change of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle along with the change of time as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000033
Figure BDA0003295659580000034
Figure BDA0003295659580000035
wherein C (t) is the cohesion of tuff at day t in kPa; c0The initial cohesive force of tuff is expressed in kPa;
Figure BDA0003295659580000036
the internal friction angle of tuff at day t;
Figure BDA0003295659580000037
is the initial internal friction angle of tuff; alpha, beta, mu, gamma, c1、c2、c3、c4、c5、c6、c7L, m and n are undetermined coefficients and are obtained through tests; (32) drawing a curve of the variation function of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle along with the time, and obtaining the time when the cohesive force C (t) reaches the minimum value and recording the time as t*And taking the reference value for determining the weathering speed as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000038
(33) considering the influence of external natural factors and human factors on weathering, calculating the weathering speed on the t day as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000039
the weathering rate for each day was 1.05 increments relative to the weathering rate for the previous day.
Further, in the step (3), the excavation speed of each stratum is greater than the weathering speed of the stratum, and the excavation speed v is determined according to the weathering degree of the tuff of the stratumDigging machineAnd rate of weathering
Figure BDA00032956595800000310
The steps of the quantity relationship of (1) are as follows: determining the tuff weathering degree as one of the micro weathering degree, the middle weathering degree and the strong weathering degree, and corresponding to the excavation speed v of the stratum of the tuff weathering degreeDigging machineThe requirements are as follows:
Figure BDA00032956595800000311
wherein k is a certain value corresponding to different tuff weathering degrees; calculating and obtaining excavation speeds v of strata with different tuff weathering degreesDigging machine。
Further, in the step (3), the value of k corresponding to the slightly weathered degree is 5%, the value of k corresponding to the medium weathered degree is 10%, and the value of k corresponding to the strong weathered degree is 15%.
Has the advantages that: the tuff side slope wind-resistance excavation method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system according to an engineering geological survey report, determining an excavation surface according to the slope ratio size of a side slope, then determining the position and distribution condition of a tuff stratum according to the geological survey report, presenting the position and distribution condition in the three-dimensional coordinate system, introducing the law that the tuff cohesion and the internal friction angle are attenuated along with time, and obtaining the weathering speed according to the excavated earthwork amount and the tuff exposure time, so that the excavation speed of the tuff side slope containing the tuff in different stratums can be controlled to be changed, the excavation process is always prior to the tuff weathering process, and the safety and stability of the side slope during excavation are guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic illustration of a cross section of a side slope;
FIG. 1b is a schematic illustration of a side slope plan;
FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of the position of the side slope in a three-dimensional coordinate system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cuboid computing unit in excavated earth calculation;
FIG. 3 is a graph of tuff cohesion and internal friction angle over time for a strong degree of efflorescence;
fig. 4 is a graph of tuff cohesion and internal friction angle over time with a degree of stroke.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme provided by the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1a to 1c, the method for weatherproof excavation of tuff side slope includes the following steps:
(1) acquiring side slope three-dimensional information according to an engineering geological survey report and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system to construct a side slope model, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate system takes a parallel plane of a cross section of a side slope as an X-Z plane, takes a transverse direction of the cross section as an X axis, takes a longitudinal direction of the cross section as a Z axis and takes a normal direction of the cross section as a Y axis, an excavation surface is designed according to a slope ratio of the side slope and is presented in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and a point on the excavation surface is distributed with coordinates (X is recorded as (X is) in the three-dimensional coordinate systemj，yj，zj)。
In the step (1), the obtained engineering survey report content includes the following contents: in order to build a highway on the left side of a certain high slope, a cutting needs to be dug deeply, through survey, the topography of an excavation area is large in fluctuation and belongs to the hilly landform type, the central ground elevation of the excavation area is 114.1-138.2 m, the relative height difference is about 24.1m, the central designed ground elevation of the deep cutting is 126.5m, the maximum excavation depth is 46.2m, the slope direction of a natural slope is 221 degrees, the slope gradient is 26-43 degrees, slope vegetation is better developed, and the whole situation is more stable. According to ground investigation and drilling disclosure, the surface layer of the field is covered by the new-born fourth series of residual slope gravels; the field rock is Zhongsheng Jurassic Zhongshang (J3-2) tuff, and is described as follows:
strongly weathered tuff: gray, granular structure, layered structure, broken block-shaped rock core, little columnar shape, block diameter of about 1-8cm, joint length of about 3-8cm, joint crack development, acquisition rate of about 75%, initial cohesion C of 500kPa, internal friction angle phi of 30 degrees;
middle weathering tuff: offwhite, granular structure, layered structure, short columnar and broken rock core, joint length of about 3-8cm and maximum of about 13cm, relatively developed joint crack, acquisition rate of about 80%, initial cohesive force C of 700kPa, and internal friction angle phi of 32 degrees.
Acquiring three-dimensional information of a side slope according to an engineering land survey report, establishing a side slope model in a three-dimensional coordinate system, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate system takes a parallel plane of a cross section of the side slope as an X-Z plane, takes a transverse direction of the cross section as an X axis, takes a longitudinal direction of the cross section as a Z axis, and takes a normal direction of the cross section as a Y axisj，yj，zj)。
In this step (1), as shown in fig. 1b, the side slope has a plan view in the three-dimensional coordinate system for determining the position of the side slope, the plan view being tangential to the X-axis in the lateral direction and the plan view being tangential to the Y-axis in the longitudinal direction.
(2) Determining the formation with different tuff weathering degrees in the side slope according to the engineering geological survey reportThe position and the distribution condition are presented in a three-dimensional coordinate system, contact surfaces of different stratums are used as control surfaces, and coordinates (x) are distributed to points on the control surfacesj，yj，zj) (ii) a Confirming whether the side slope is excavated step by step or not, wherein for the side slope excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is divided into n areas by taking n steps as boundaries along the Z-axis direction, and the earth volume V required to be excavated in different stratums in each area is calculatedj(ii) a For the side slope which does not need to be excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is divided into areas along the height of the side slope, and the earth volume V needing to be excavated of different stratums in each area is calculatedj。
The smaller side slope in the step (2) without gradual excavation refers to the side slope with the slope height less than 5m, the slope ratio less than 1:0.75, or the slope height more than 5m, the slope ratio less than 1:1.00 and containing tuff stratum; namely, when the slope height of the side slope of the stratum containing tuff is less than 5m and the slope ratio is less than 1:0.75, the side slope is determined not to need to be excavated step by step; and when the slope height of the side slope containing the tuff stratum is more than 5m and the slope ratio is less than 1:1.00, confirming that the side slope does not need to be excavated step by step.
In the step (2), the slopes needing to be excavated step by step are divided into a single grade according to the condition that every 10 meters from bottom to top is one grade and the distance from the top to the top is less than 10 meters.
For the side slope which does not need to be excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is divided into areas along the height of the side slope: when the height H of the side slope is less than or equal to 5m, excavating a soil body without partitioning; when the height H of the side slope is more than 5 meters and less than or equal to 30 meters, the excavated soil body is divided into a first grade according to every 5 meters from bottom to top and a single grade according to the height less than 5 meters from top to bottom; when the height H of the side slope is more than 30 meters, the excavated soil body is divided into a first grade according to every 10 meters from bottom to top and a single grade according to the height of less than 10 meters from top to bottom.
In the step (2), for the side slope which is excavated step by step or does not need to be excavated step by step, V of the earth volume needing to be excavated in different stratums in each divided areaiThe calculation of (c) further comprises the steps of:
(21) dividing an X-Y plane of a three-dimensional coordinate system into 1m multiplied by 1m grid units by taking the X-Y plane as a standard plane, and determining coordinates of grid corner points on each control surface;
(22) the excavated soil body is further divided into hexahedral units by taking the grids as subdivision units, and the volume of the hexahedral units is calculated to obtain the volume V of the soil to be excavated in different soil layers of each areaiThe volume of the hexahedral unit is approximately equivalent to that of a cuboid with the bottom surface of 1m multiplied by 1m, the height difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hexahedral unit is recorded as h,
Figure BDA0003295659580000061
Vij＝s·h (2)；
Figure BDA0003295659580000062
wherein VijVolume of each rectangular parallelepiped cell, ViThe earth volume of a certain soil layer in a certain designated area.
Combining the engineering geological survey report and the steps (21) and (22), because the side slope is a high side slope and the excavation slope ratio is large, the step-by-step excavation is needed, 10m is taken as a stage, and the earth volume of each step area which does not need stratum excavation is calculated through the formulas (1), (2) and (3);
the specific earth volume is shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0003295659580000063
the surface crushed stone layer in the upper table is non-weathered rock, weathering attenuation is not needed to be considered, and the excavation speed v of the surface crushed stone layer of each step can be calculated by referring to time distribution of a construction periodDigging machine。
For tuff stratum and middle-weathered tuff stratum with strong weathering degree at the lower part, the effects of time-varying cohesive force and internal friction angle of each stratum after excavation exposure, and weathering speed and excavation speed v of each stratum need to be considered respectivelyDigging machineObtained by the following step (3).
(3) For different degrees of efflorescenceThe excavation speed of each region of the stratum is determined by the corresponding earth volume VjAnd determining the construction progress, wherein the excavation speed of each stratum is greater than the weathering speed of the stratum, and the quantitative relation between the excavation speed and the weathering speed is determined according to the weathering degree of the tuff of the stratum.
In the step (3), the coordinates of the digging point of the digging machine or the worker are (x)k，yk，zk) If z isk≤zjThat means excavation to the next stratum, the excavation speed is changed and it is necessary to satisfy the condition that the excavation speed is greater than the weathering speed once zk＝ziAnd stopping excavation.
In the step (3), the step of calculating the weathering speed of each formation is as follows:
(31) determining the weathering speed of each stratum according to the change of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle of the tuff of each stratum, and obtaining an equation of the change of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle along with the change of time as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000071
Figure BDA0003295659580000072
wherein C (t) is the cohesion of tuff at day t in kPa; c0The initial cohesive force of tuff is expressed in kPa;
Figure BDA0003295659580000073
the internal friction angle of tuff at day t;
Figure BDA0003295659580000074
is the initial internal friction angle of tuff; alpha, beta, mu, gamma, c1、c2、c3、c4、c5、c6、c7L, m and n are undetermined coefficients and are obtained through experiments.
(32) Drawing cohesion and internal friction angle at any timeAnd obtaining the time of the minimum value of the cohesive force C (t) and recording the time t*And taking the reference value for determining the weathering speed as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000075
in the present steps (31) and (32), the shear strength can be obtained by combining the equations of the change in cohesion and internal friction angle with time
Figure BDA0003295659580000076
The shearing strength is also reduced because the cohesive force and the internal friction angle are in the descending trend before the cohesive force reaches the minimum value, and the time when the cohesive force reaches the minimum value can be recorded as t for ensuring the engineering safety*To determine a reference value of the weathering rate
Figure BDA0003295659580000077
For strongly weathered tuff, the day t cohesion is calculated in step (31) according to equation (5) as:
Figure BDA0003295659580000078
and (3) calculating the cohesion and the internal friction angle at the t day according to the formula (6) as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000079
for strongly weathered tuff, in step (32), a variation curve is plotted by Origin software and c (t) minimum time t ═ 62 is obtained; therefore, the reference value of the weathering speed is vfeng, and t0 is Vi/62.
For moderately weathered tuff, on day t in step (31), the cohesion and internal friction angle are:
Figure BDA00032956595800000710
Figure BDA00032956595800000711
for moderately weathered tuff, in step (32), the variation curve is plotted analogously using Origin software and the minimum t of C (t) is obtained*67; a weathering rate reference value vWind, t0＝Vi/67。
(33) Considering the influence of external natural factors and human factors on weathering, calculating the weathering speed on the t day as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000081
the weathering rate for each day was 1.05 increments relative to the weathering rate for the previous day.
In the step (33), due to the influence of natural factors and human factors such as external sunlight, precipitation, wind and the like, the weathering speed is gradually increased along with time, an incremental coefficient of the weathering speed is 1.05, and the final weathering speed is the formula (7).
In the step (3), the excavation speed of each stratum is greater than the weathering speed of the stratum, and the excavation speed v is determined according to the weathering degree of the tuff of the stratumDigging machineAnd rate of weathering
Figure BDA0003295659580000082
The steps of the quantity relationship of (1) are as follows:
(34) determining the tuff weathering degree as one of the micro weathering degree, the middle weathering degree and the strong weathering degree, and corresponding to the excavation speed v of the stratum of the tuff weathering degreeDigging machineThe requirements are as follows:
Figure BDA0003295659580000083
wherein k is a certain value corresponding to different tuff weathering degrees;
calculating and obtaining excavation speeds v of strata with different tuff weathering degreesDigging machine。
In step (34), the value of K corresponding to the slightly weathered state is 5%, the value of K corresponding to the medium weathered state is 10%, and the value of K corresponding to the strongly weathered state is 15%.
Due to the strongly weathered tuff, it is sufficient that in this step (34)
Figure BDA0003295659580000084
Thus obtaining
Figure BDA0003295659580000085
The tuff side slope wind-resistance excavation method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system according to an engineering geological survey report, determining an excavation surface through the side slope ratio size, then determining the position and distribution condition of a tuff stratum according to the geological survey report, presenting the position and distribution condition in the three-dimensional coordinate system, introducing the law that the tuff cohesion and the internal friction angle are attenuated along with time, and obtaining the intensity attenuation according to the excavated earthwork amount and the tuff exposure time so as to control the excavation speed; the excavation process is always prior to the tuff weathering process, and the safety and stability of the side slope during excavation are guaranteed. The method can master the basic condition of the tuff side slope in the early design stage of construction, prepares for stratum changes encountered in the excavation process in advance, adopts a safe and proper excavation speed for the position of the tuff stratum to prevent the side slope from sliding due to wind collapse, and creates good engineering conditions for subsequent side slope reinforcement.

Claims (10)

1. The method for weatherproof excavation of the tuff side slope is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the engineering groundThe method comprises the steps that a survey report obtains side slope three-dimensional information and establishes a three-dimensional coordinate system to construct a side slope model, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate system takes the parallel plane of the cross section of the side slope as an X-Z plane, the transverse direction of the cross section as an X axis, the longitudinal direction of the cross section as a Z axis and the normal direction of the cross section as a Y axis; designing an excavation surface according to the slope ratio of the side slope, displaying the excavation surface in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and distributing coordinates for points on the excavation surface as (x)i，yi，zi)；
(2) Determining the positions and the distribution of the stratums with different tuff weathering degrees in the side slope according to the engineering geological survey report, presenting the positions and the distribution in a three-dimensional coordinate system, taking the contact surfaces of the different stratums as control surfaces, and distributing coordinates (x) for points on the control surfacesj，yj，zj) (ii) a Confirming the side slope to be excavated step by step or not, wherein for the side slope excavated step by step, dividing the excavated soil body into n areas by taking n steps as boundaries in the Z-axis direction, and calculating the earth volume V to be excavated of different stratums in each areaj(ii) a For the side slope which does not need to be excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is divided into areas along the height of the side slope, and the earth volume V needing to be excavated of different stratums in each area is calculatedj；
(3) For stratums with different weathering degrees, the excavation speed of each area is determined by the corresponding earth volume VjAnd determining the construction progress, wherein the excavation speed of each stratum is greater than the weathering speed of the stratum, and the quantitative relation between the excavation speed and the weathering speed is determined according to the weathering degree of the tuff of the stratum.
2. The weatherproofing method for tuff slopes based on spatio-temporal four-dimensional analysis according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the slope has a plan view in a three-dimensional coordinate system for determining the position of the slope, the plan view is tangential to the X-axis in the lateral direction, and the plan view is tangential to the Y-axis in the longitudinal direction.
3. The method for weatherproof excavation of a tuff slope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2), when the slope height of the slope containing the tuff formation is less than 5m and the slope ratio is less than 1:0.75, it is determined that the slope does not need to be excavated step by step; or when the slope height of the side slope containing the tuff stratum is more than 5m and the slope ratio is less than 1:1.00, confirming that the side slope does not need to be excavated step by step.
4. The method for weatherproof excavation of a tuff side slope according to claim 3, wherein in the step (2), for the side slope which does not need to be excavated step by step, the excavated soil body is divided into regions along the height of the side slope: when the height of the side slope is less than or equal to 5m, excavating a soil body without partitioning; when the height of the side slope is more than 5 meters and less than or equal to 30 meters, the excavated soil body is divided into a first grade according to every 5 meters from bottom to top and a single grade according to the height of less than 5 meters from top to bottom; when the height of the side slope is more than 30 meters, the excavated soil body is divided into a first grade according to every 10 meters from bottom to top and a single grade according to the height of less than 10 meters from top to bottom.
5. The method for weatherproof excavation of a tuff slope according to claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the slope to be excavated step by step is divided into a single stage from bottom to top at a rate of 10m each to a top less than 10 m.
6. The weather-resistant excavation method for tuff side slopes based on time four-dimensional analysis according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), for the side slopes excavated stage by stage or not excavated stage by stage, the V of the volume of earth to be excavated in different strata in each divided areaiThe calculating step comprises:
(21) dividing an X-Y plane of a three-dimensional coordinate system into 1m multiplied by 1m grid units by taking the X-Y plane as a standard plane, and determining coordinates of grid corner points on each control surface;
(22) the excavated soil body is further divided into hexahedral units by taking the grids as subdivision units, and the volume of the hexahedral units is calculated to obtain the volume V of the soil to be excavated in different soil layers of each areaiThe volume of the hexahedral unit is approximately equivalent to that of a cuboid with the bottom surface of 1m multiplied by 1m, the height difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hexahedral unit is recorded as h,
Figure FDA0003295659570000021
Vij＝s·h；
Figure FDA0003295659570000022
wherein VijVolume of each rectangular parallelepiped cell, ViThe earth volume of a certain soil layer in a certain designated area.
7. The weather-resistant excavation method for tuff slopes based on time four-dimensional analysis according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), when the excavation speed of each area is determined according to the construction progress, the coordinates of the excavation point of the excavator or worker are made to be (x)k，yk，zk) If z isk≤zjIndicating that the excavation speed is changed when the next stratum is excavated; when z isk＝zWhen i isAnd stopping excavation.
8. The weather-resistant excavation method for the tuff side slope based on the time four-dimensional analysis according to claim 7, wherein in the step (3), the step of calculating the weathering speed of each stratum is as follows:
(31) determining the weathering speed of each stratum according to the change of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle of the tuff of each stratum, and obtaining an equation of the change of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle along with the change of time as follows:
Figure FDA0003295659570000023
Figure FDA0003295659570000024
wherein C (t) is the cohesion of tuff at day t in kPa; c0Is coagulated ashInitial cohesion of rock in kPa;
Figure FDA0003295659570000025
the internal friction angle of tuff at day t;
Figure FDA0003295659570000026
is the initial internal friction angle of tuff; alpha, beta, mu, gamma, c1、c2、c3、c4、c5、c6、c7L, m and n are undetermined coefficients and are obtained through tests;
(32) drawing a curve of the variation function of the cohesive force and the internal friction angle along with the time, and obtaining the time when the cohesive force C (t) reaches the minimum value and recording the time as t*And taking the reference value for determining the weathering speed as follows:
Figure FDA0003295659570000031
(33) considering the influence of external natural factors and human factors on weathering, calculating the weathering speed on the t day as follows:
Figure FDA0003295659570000032
the weathering rate for each day was 1.05 increments relative to the weathering rate for the previous day.
9. The weather-resistant excavation method for tuff slopes based on time four-dimensional analysis according to claim 8, wherein in step (3), the excavation speed of each stratum is greater than the weathering speed of the stratum, and the excavation speed v is determined according to the weathering degree of the tuff of the stratumDigging machineAnd rate of weathering
Figure FDA0003295659570000033
The steps of the quantity relationship of (1) are as follows:
determining tuff weathering courseThe excavation speed v of the stratum with the degree of weathering of tuff, which is one of the micro-weathering degree, the middle weathering degree and the strong weathering degreeDigging machineThe requirements are as follows:
Figure FDA0003295659570000034
wherein k is a certain value corresponding to different tuff weathering degrees;
calculating and obtaining excavation speeds v of strata with different tuff weathering degreesDigging machine。
10. The weatherproof excavation method for the tuff slope based on the time four-dimensional analysis of claim 9, wherein in the step (3), k value corresponding to the slightly weathered degree is 5%, k value corresponding to the medium weathered degree is 10%, and k value corresponding to the strong weathered degree is 15%.
CN202111177076.8A 2021-10-09 2021-10-09 Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method Active CN113832978B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111177076.8A CN113832978B (en) 2021-10-09 2021-10-09 Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111177076.8A CN113832978B (en) 2021-10-09 2021-10-09 Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113832978A true CN113832978A (en) 2021-12-24
CN113832978B CN113832978B (en) 2023-03-17

Family

ID=78968207

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111177076.8A Active CN113832978B (en) 2021-10-09 2021-10-09 Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113832978B (en)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101936008A (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-01-05 东北大学 Rock slope three-dimensional model and block slide analysis method
JP2013242175A (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-12-05 Railway Technical Research Institute Optimum arrangement method of measuring apparatus in measurement of earth retaining wall in excavation work
CN105155550A (en) * 2015-07-23 2015-12-16 甘肃第六建设集团股份有限公司 Construction method for digging deep foundation pit in large-thickness highly weathered sandstone stratum in combined supporting mode
CN105654550A (en) * 2015-09-24 2016-06-08 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 Three-dimensional geological display method of water-power engineering side slope
CN107066758A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-18 中国十七冶集团有限公司 Based on the outdoor construction method under unmanned plane camera work and BIM technology
US20180075169A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-15 Autodesk, Inc. Spatial constraint based triangular mesh operations in three dimensions
CN110428498A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-11-08 南京理工大学 A method of mathematical calculation model is converted by three-dimensional geological model
CN110968904A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-04-07 广州市第一市政工程有限公司 BIM technology-based method for calculating shape and earth volume of earth excavation side slope
CN111472371A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-31 长沙理工大学 Comprehensive ecological prevention and control structure and method for easily weathered soft rock high and steep slope
CN112668076A (en) * 2020-12-19 2021-04-16 重庆建工住宅建设有限公司 Multi-order high slope comprehensive information construction method for soil-rock combined stratum
CN112862965A (en) * 2021-02-19 2021-05-28 武汉理工大学 Intelligent monitoring method and system for slope excavation

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101936008A (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-01-05 东北大学 Rock slope three-dimensional model and block slide analysis method
JP2013242175A (en) * 2012-05-18 2013-12-05 Railway Technical Research Institute Optimum arrangement method of measuring apparatus in measurement of earth retaining wall in excavation work
CN105155550A (en) * 2015-07-23 2015-12-16 甘肃第六建设集团股份有限公司 Construction method for digging deep foundation pit in large-thickness highly weathered sandstone stratum in combined supporting mode
CN105654550A (en) * 2015-09-24 2016-06-08 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 Three-dimensional geological display method of water-power engineering side slope
US20180075169A1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-15 Autodesk, Inc. Spatial constraint based triangular mesh operations in three dimensions
CN107066758A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-18 中国十七冶集团有限公司 Based on the outdoor construction method under unmanned plane camera work and BIM technology
CN110428498A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-11-08 南京理工大学 A method of mathematical calculation model is converted by three-dimensional geological model
CN110968904A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-04-07 广州市第一市政工程有限公司 BIM technology-based method for calculating shape and earth volume of earth excavation side slope
CN111472371A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-07-31 长沙理工大学 Comprehensive ecological prevention and control structure and method for easily weathered soft rock high and steep slope
CN112668076A (en) * 2020-12-19 2021-04-16 重庆建工住宅建设有限公司 Multi-order high slope comprehensive information construction method for soil-rock combined stratum
CN112862965A (en) * 2021-02-19 2021-05-28 武汉理工大学 Intelligent monitoring method and system for slope excavation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
电力工业部东北勘测设计院锚喷组主编: "《地下洞室的锚喷支护》", 30 April 1981 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113832978B (en) 2023-03-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107526873A (en) A kind of shallow tunnel wall damage pattern-recognition and Calculation of support method
Wu et al. Numerical evaluation of the ground response induced by dewatering in a multi-aquifer system
Yu et al. Late Quaternary paleoseismicity and seismic potential of the Yilan-Yitong Fault Zone in NE China
Li et al. Safety assessment of waste rock dump built on existing tailings ponds
CN113536414B (en) Rock slope stability analysis method, system and medium based on three-dimensional modeling
CN113742827B (en) Highway slope monitoring network system construction method based on finite difference analysis
CN113010997B (en) Early warning treatment method for pile foundation impact hole forming construction accidents in karst development area
CN205502063U (en) Combined type retaining structure
CN113832978B (en) Tuff slope anti-weathering excavation method
Lo et al. Movement characteristics of a creeping slope influenced by river erosion and aggradation: Study of Xinwulü River in southeastern Taiwan
Balbis et al. Definition of geological-geotechnical models in slope stability studies applied to road projects in complex geological zones
Ali Numerical analysis of staged construction of an embankment on soft soil
Tao et al. Study on Deformation Mechanism and Control Measures of Tanziyan Landslide
CN117521459B (en) Basic sedimentation difference control analysis method for high-fall integral main building-skirt building raft
Tang Identification and Mitigation of Reservoir Landslides: Cases Studied in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China
McCalpin et al. Ridge-top spreading features and relationship to earthquakes, San Gabriel Mountains region, Southern California-Part B: Paleoseismic investigations of ridge-top depressions
Neumann et al. 3D-modeling of ground conditions for the engineering geology map of the city of Magdeburg
Qi JianFeng et al. The analyses focusing on formation mechanism of Nanzhangzhuang ground fissure in Hengshui City, China.
Liu et al. Numerical simulation study on the deformation and failure of a gently inclined bedding slope: a case study of the Jinhaihu landslide in Guizhou, China
Baeza-Faundez Use of Deterministic and Probabilistic Slope Stability Analyses to Evaluate Tunnel Location in Landslide-Prone Areas
Jing et al. Application Research Of 3D Digital Evaluation And Analysis Method In Geological Engineering
Huang et al. Interpreting the formation mechanism of a complex landslide: a case study of a reactivated landslide of a reinforced embankment slope
Al-Taee Assessment of Ground Water Pressure Effects Around The Tunnel of Baghdad Metro
Wang et al. Formation mechanism and stability analysis of No. 3 Landslide in Dangkou Village JiangXi Province
Hutchinson et al. Microgravity Mapping of an Inception Doline Shaft System

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant