CN113832400A - Stainless steel elastomer material for torque sensor and heat treatment method - Google Patents

Stainless steel elastomer material for torque sensor and heat treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113832400A
CN113832400A CN202111118675.2A CN202111118675A CN113832400A CN 113832400 A CN113832400 A CN 113832400A CN 202111118675 A CN202111118675 A CN 202111118675A CN 113832400 A CN113832400 A CN 113832400A
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percent
stainless steel
heat treatment
elastomer material
torque sensor
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吴昊
李涛
齐红丽
赵鼎鼎
林杰俊
常朔源
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704th Research Institute of CSIC
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704th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a stainless steel elastomer material for a torque sensor and a heat treatment method, wherein the material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.36 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.17 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.004 percent of P, and S<0.001%, 14.3% of Cr, 0.5% of Mn, 0.6% of Mo, 0.26% of Ni, 0.06% of Cu, 0.05% of Hf, 0.05% of Na, 0.04% of V and the balance of Fe. The heat treatment step is: cleaning; solution treatment; quenching treatment; tempering; and (5) final quenching treatment. The stainless steel elastomer material has tempered martensite structure characteristic after heat treatment, namely, lath martensite is arranged in the stainless steel elastomer material, and a large amount of granular Cr is distributed in the martensite and in the crystal boundary23C6Precipitates, with a small amount of retained austenite (<5％)。

Description

Stainless steel elastomer material for torque sensor and heat treatment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a torque sensor, in particular to an elastomer material of the torque sensor and a heat treatment method.
Background
The torque sensor is a test instrument which can convert a torsional moment signal into an electric signal and is mainly used for measuring various torques, rotating speeds and powers. The method has wide application fields, such as ships, airplanes, drilling and power generation equipment, clock hairsprings, household appliances and the like. Torque sensors can be classified into four categories according to their measurement principles: strain type, surface acoustic wave type, magnetoelastic type and angle type2The strain type is the torque sensor type which is most used at home and abroad, and has the advantages of high sensitivity and precision, large measurement range, suitability for various complex environments, convenience for multi-point measurement and the like3. The elastomer is the core component of the torque sensor, and the material selection and the structural design of the elastomer are important factors influencing the sensitivity of the torque sensor4. However, the reports about the torque sensor elastomer material are rarely seen internationally and domestically, on one hand, the research relates to the commercial confidentiality of various sensor manufacturers and research and development institutions; on the other hand, no special type material developed for the torque sensor elastomer is available in China, and the elastomer material of the weighing sensor is mainly divided into three types: aluminum alloy (LY12), alloy steel (40CrNiMoA), and stainless steel (0Cr17Ni4Cu4 Nb). The first two materials are most commonly used, and the processing technology and the heat treatment technology are mature. However, at present, the research and development and production of domestic stainless steel sensors are in the same primary stage and in the marketThe requirement is not large, the market scale of mass production of stainless steel torque sensors is not formed for a while, and the existing stainless steel torque sensors are small in rated torque, low in sensitivity and low in accuracy grade. Aiming at the lack of relevant research and development and manufacturing technology of stainless steel elastomer materials, the higher manufacturing cost of the stainless steel elastomer materials is one of the main reasons for limiting the development of stainless steel torque sensors, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. the stainless steel elastomer material has less relevant basic research, and the components, smelting process, processing process and supply state are unknown.
2. The domestic research on the heat treatment process of the stainless steel elastomer material is insufficient, and the influence of the heat treatment process on the performance index of the sensor is unknown.
3. The strain sheet material and the pasting process thereof are lack of matching research with the stainless steel elastic body material, and the matching performance is related to comprehensive characteristics of the torque sensor, such as zero drift, temperature drift, hysteresis and the like.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN104451422A discloses a stainless steel elastomer material of a weighing sensor, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.09 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.35 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Mn, 15.0-17.0 percent of Cr, 4.50-8.0 percent of Ni, 3.50-5.50 percent of Cu, and Nb: 0.15-0.45% and the balance of Fe. The stainless steel has excellent mechanical properties after heat treatment, the hardness can reach HRC 42-47, and the strength limit can reach 135kg/mm2Linear expansion coefficient 11.1X 10-6m/DEG C, which is equivalent to that of alloy steel 40 CrNiMoA. The Chinese patent publication No. CN104451423A discloses a stainless steel elastomer material of a weighing sensor and a heat treatment method thereof, wherein the stainless steel elastomer material of the weighing sensor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.06 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.35 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Mn, 15.0-17.0 percent of Cr, 4.50-8.0 percent of Ni, 3.50-5.50 percent of Cu, Nb: 0.15-0.45% and the balance of Fe. The heat treatment method comprises the following steps: cleaning; solution treatment; carrying out cryogenic treatment; the stainless steel has excellent mechanical properties after heat treatment, the hardness can reach HRC 40-45, and the strength limit can reach 135kg/mm2Linear expansion coefficient 11.0X 10-6m/DEG C, which is equivalent to that of alloy steel 40 CrNiMoA.
The stainless steel elastomer material and the heat treatment method disclosed above are only applicable to weighing sensors. Therefore, there is a need to develop a stainless steel elastomer material and a heat treatment method suitable for a torque sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stainless steel elastomer material for a torque sensor and a heat treatment method thereof, aiming at the shortage of the elastomer material for the current torque sensor in China, and the stainless steel elastomer material can be used for the mass production of the elastomer material, promote the research and development of high-accuracy large-torque sensors in China, and solve the problem that the torque quantity transmission basic equipment in China depends on imported neck clamping for a long time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a stainless steel elastomer material for a torque sensor comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.17 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.004 percent of P, less than 0.001 percent of S, 14.3 percent of Cr, 0.5 percent of Mn, 0.6 percent of Mo, 0.26 percent of Ni, 0.06 percent of Cu, 0.05 percent of Hf, 0.05 percent of Na, 0.04 percent of V and the balance of Fe.
A heat treatment method of a stainless steel elastomer material for a torque sensor comprises the following steps:
cleaning; solid solution treatment is carried out for 0.5-1 hour at 1050 +/-10 ℃; quenching treatment; tempering for 1 hour at 450-500 ℃; and (5) final quenching treatment.
Further, the cooling medium for quenching treatment is water cooling, oil cooling or forced inert gas cooling.
Further, the final quenching treatment is terminated at room temperature, and the cooling medium is water-cooled.
Further, after heat treatment, the microstructure of the stainless steel material is a tempered martensite structure and Cr23C6Precipitated phase containing a small amount of retained austenite<5％。
Further, after heat treatment, the rockwell hardness of the stainless steel elastomer material is: HRB 81.9 +/-0.4, HRC51.8 +/-0.2, impact energy of 6.56 +/-1.15J, yield strength of 1170MPa, strength limit of 1800MPa and elongation of 9.8-14.4 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the stainless steel elastomer material has tempered martensite structure characteristic after heat treatment, namely, lath martensite is arranged in the stainless steel elastomer material, and a large amount of granular Cr is distributed in the martensite and in the crystal boundary23C6Precipitates, with a small amount of retained austenite (<5%). The Rockwell hardness of the stainless steel material is as follows: HRB 81.9 +/-0.4, HRC51.8 +/-0.2, average impact energy of 6.56 +/-1.15J, yield strength of 1170MPa, strength limit of 1800MPa and elongation of 9.8-14.4 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a back-scattered electron diffraction (EBSD) photograph of a stainless steel elastomeric material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron diffraction (TEM) photograph of the stainless elastomer material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Example (b):
a stainless steel elastomer material for a torque sensor comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.17 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.004 percent of P, less than 0.001 percent of S, 14.3 percent of Cr, 0.5 percent of Mn, 0.6 percent of Mo, 0.26 percent of Ni, 0.06 percent of Cu, 0.05 percent of Hf, 0.05 percent of Na, 0.04 percent of V and the balance of Fe.
The heat treatment process of the stainless steel elastomer material for the torque sensor comprises the following steps: cleaning → solution treatment → quenching treatment → tempering treatment (aging) → quenching treatment (water cooling). The temperature of the solution treatment is 1050 +/-10 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1 hour; the cooling medium for quenching treatment is water cooling, oil cooling or forced inert gas cooling; the tempering temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the time is 1 hour; the final quenching treatment was terminated at room temperature and the cooling medium was water cooled.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, after treatment, the microstructure of the stainless steel material provided by the invention is a tempered martensite structure and Cr23C6A precipitated phase containing a small amount of retained austenite (<5％)。
After treatment, the Rockwell hardness of the stainless steel elastomer material is as follows: HRB 81.9 +/-0.4, HRC51.8 +/-0.2, impact energy of 6.56 +/-1.15J, yield strength of 1170MPa, strength limit of 1800MPa and elongation of 9.8-14.4 percent.

Claims (6)

1. A stainless steel elastomer material for a torque sensor is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.36 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.17 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.004 percent of P, less than 0.001 percent of S, 14.3 percent of Cr, 0.5 percent of Mn, 0.6 percent of Mo, 0.26 percent of Ni, 0.06 percent of Cu, 0.05 percent of Hf, 0.05 percent of Na, 0.04 percent of V and the balance of Fe.
2. A method for heat-treating a stainless steel elastomer material for a torque sensor according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
cleaning; solid solution treatment is carried out for 0.5-1 hour at 1050 +/-10 ℃; quenching treatment; tempering for 1 hour at 450-500 ℃; and (5) final quenching treatment.
3. The heat treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cooling medium for quenching treatment is water cooling, oil cooling or forced inert gas cooling.
4. The heat treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the final quenching treatment is terminated at room temperature, and the cooling medium is water cooling.
5. The heat treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: after heat treatment, the microstructure of the stainless steel material isMartensite structure and Cr23C6Precipitated phase containing a small amount of retained austenite<5％。
6. The heat treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: after heat treatment, the Rockwell hardness of the stainless steel elastomer material is as follows: HRB 81.9 +/-0.4, HRC51.8 +/-0.2, impact energy of 6.56 +/-1.15J, yield strength of 1170MPa, strength limit of 1800MPa and elongation of 9.8-14.4 percent.
CN202111118675.2A 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Stainless steel elastomer material for torque sensor and heat treatment method Pending CN113832400A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN87108230A (en) * 1986-12-05 1988-07-27 马格德富有限公司 Magnetoelastic torque transducer
JP2005008971A (en) * 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Martensitic stainless steel for shaft material in torque sensor
CN101333625A (en) * 2007-06-25 2008-12-31 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 High temperature resistant and abrasion resistant martensitic stainless steel and preparation method
CN104302790A (en) * 2012-05-16 2015-01-21 宝马股份公司 Reduced cost steel for hydrogen technology with high resistance to hydrogen-induced imbrittlement
CN104451423A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-25 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 Stainless steel elastomer material of weighing sensor and heat treatment method of stainless steel elastomer material
CN104451422A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-25 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 Stainless steel elastomer material for weighing sensor
CN104451425A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-25 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 Elastomeric material for weighing sensor and heat treatment method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN87108230A (en) * 1986-12-05 1988-07-27 马格德富有限公司 Magnetoelastic torque transducer
US4896544A (en) * 1986-12-05 1990-01-30 Mag Dev Inc. Magnetoelastic torque transducer
JP2005008971A (en) * 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Martensitic stainless steel for shaft material in torque sensor
CN101333625A (en) * 2007-06-25 2008-12-31 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 High temperature resistant and abrasion resistant martensitic stainless steel and preparation method
CN104302790A (en) * 2012-05-16 2015-01-21 宝马股份公司 Reduced cost steel for hydrogen technology with high resistance to hydrogen-induced imbrittlement
CN104451423A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-25 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 Stainless steel elastomer material of weighing sensor and heat treatment method of stainless steel elastomer material
CN104451422A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-25 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 Stainless steel elastomer material for weighing sensor
CN104451425A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-25 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 Elastomeric material for weighing sensor and heat treatment method thereof

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