CN1138322C - Ring optical fiber Q-switching laser - Google Patents
Ring optical fiber Q-switching laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN1138322C CN1138322C CNB001190253A CN00119025A CN1138322C CN 1138322 C CN1138322 C CN 1138322C CN B001190253 A CNB001190253 A CN B001190253A CN 00119025 A CN00119025 A CN 00119025A CN 1138322 C CN1138322 C CN 1138322C
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- optical fiber
- laser
- piezoelectric ceramic
- filter
- wavelength division
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an optical fiber laser which is characterized in that a semiconductor laser is connected with an active optical fiber, a wavelength division multiplexer, a polarization controller, an optical fiber isolator and a regulating unit to form a full optical fiber ring laser. The present invention has the advantages that the regulating unit is only composed of a filter and piezoelectric ceramics, wherein the filter is a Mach-Rehnder interferometer or an optical fiber grating F-P, and the filter is connected with the piezoelectric ceramics to simultaneously carry out a Q-switching process, a tuning process and a filtering process. The present invention has the advantages of less energy loss, compact and simple structure and simple and convenient operation, and has good application prospects in optical fiber communication, optical fiber sensing and optic fiber gyroscopes.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of laser, be specifically related to fiber laser.
Fiber laser is a kind of novel laser, compares with existing gas or solid state laser, has characteristics such as volume is little, in light weight, not fragile, has obtained at present using more widely.In many application processes of fiber laser, its performance parameter depends on following 2 points: 1. Q-regulating technique; 2. filtering and wavelength tuning technology.The general accent Q that adopts Q switched elements such as body acousto-optic modulator or electrooptic modulator to realize fiber lasers in the present fiber laser, and depend on other filter (as fiber grating filter, double tapered filter etc.) and realize filtering and wavelength tuning.Its basic structure is formed fiber laser jointly by Q switched element, filter and Active Optical Fiber and the corresponding reponse system of these body materials.There are two big shortcomings in this type optical fiber laser: the one, and the Q switched element of body material produces very big energy loss when being coupled with optical fiber; The 2nd, structure complicated (see: Russell Wilcox andDonald Browing, " Tunable gratings stabilize fiber ring laser ", Laser FocusWorld, in October, 1996, p27-28).
Also the someone proposes the all-fiber Q system based on nonlinear fiber, but it needs very strong pump power, could realize the non-linear process of optical fiber, simultaneously, its filtering and wavelength tuning also will (be seen: F.Chandonnet and G.Larose, " High power Q-switchederbium fibre laser using an fibre intensity modulator " by means of other filter, Optical Engineering, 1993,32 (9), p 2031-2035).
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of identity element that adopts to transfer Q, can carry out the full optical fiber ring laser of tuning and filtering again, make simple in structure, easy to operate.
The present invention realizes in the following manner: be connected with Active Optical Fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, Polarization Controller, fibre optic isolater and regulon by semiconductor laser, form annular optical fiber laser.Its innovation part is that described regulon only is made up of filter and piezoelectric ceramic, its median filter for the Mach that constitutes by coupler-once interferometer or the Fabry-Perot Lopa Nationality etalon that constitutes by fiber grating, the piezoelectric ceramic that utilizes on the filter to be connected is transferred Q, tuning and filtering simultaneously.
In above scheme, Mach-once the quantity of interferometer can be for a plurality of, promptly by at least two Mach-once the interferometer serial connection formed, the ratio of the optical path difference between them is integral multiple.
The present invention is based on the new discovery on the function of some filter is produced.For the Mach that constitutes by coupler-once for the interferometer, when the regulation voltage that is applied on the piezoelectric ceramic of its a certain arm institute solderless wrapped connection is positioned at some numerical value, laser is not worked, be equivalent to system and be in " closing " state, and when regulation voltage is positioned at other numerical value, then laser works is equivalent to system and is in " unlatching " state.Utilize Mach-once this characteristic of interferometer, when piezoelectric ceramic being applied a suitable pectination pulse voltage, then system just is operated in constantly under the state that carries out " opening ", " passs " changing, and can realize transferring Q.For the Fabry-Perot Lopa Nationality etalon (hereinafter to be referred as fiber Bragg grating F-P) that constitutes by fiber grating, as long as regulate the cycle of one of them grating, when making the Bragg reflection peak of two gratings not overlapping, then laser is not worked, system is in " closing " state, when the Bragg reflection overlap of peaks of two gratings, laser works then, promptly system is in " unlatching " state.Utilize this characteristic of fiber Bragg grating F-P, the piezoelectric ceramic that is connected on to one of them grating applies a suitable pectination pulse voltage, then can make laser transfer Q.
Key of the present invention just is to utilize above-mentioned characteristic, adopt identity element to finish accent Q, filtering and the wavelength tuning of fiber laser, make whole system realize full fiberize: promptly utilize the common unidirectional loop chamber of forming a full optical fiber of semiconductor laser LD, Active Optical Fiber (being gain fibre) AF, wavelength division multiplexer WDM, Polarization Controller PC, fibre optic isolater I and regulon.Wherein Active Optical Fiber can be a rare-earth doped optical fibre, and dye adulterated optical fiber or other have the doped fiber of corresponding level structure, and the length of Active Optical Fiber is chosen then and decided according to doping content, can be long to several meters from several centimetres; All the other optical fiber all can be the monomode fiber to the operation wavelength single mode; The total length of annular chamber can be chosen arbitrarily as required, and the long short then stability in chamber better.The wavelength of semiconductor laser is selected according to the operation material characteristic in the Active Optical Fiber, mainly contains 650nm, 780nm, 800nm, 915nm, 980nm, 1480nm etc.Wavelength division multiplexer all requires more than 18dB the isolation ratio of operation wavelength and pumping wavelength.Then require it to insert loss less than 0.3dB to fibre optic isolater I, isolation is greater than 30dB, and return loss is greater than 50dB; The bandwidth requirement of filter (Mach-once interferometer and fiber Bragg grating F-P) is less than 1.0nm; Piezoelectric ceramic can be selected frequency response characteristic according to specific requirement.
Concrete structure of the present invention is: with the input welding of tail optical fiber and the wavelength division multiplexer WDM of semiconductor laser LD, the output of wavelength division multiplexer WDM and the end welding of Active Optical Fiber AF, the input welding of the other end of Active Optical Fiber AF and regulon, the end welding mutually of the output of regulon and fibre optic isolater I, another input welding of the other end of fibre optic isolater I and wavelength division multiplexer WDM, the unidirectional all optical fiber ring cavity of common composition, Polarization Controller PC can be added in any link in the annular chamber, for example between wavelength division multiplexer and the Active Optical Fiber, or between regulon and the fibre optic isolater.Described regulon is made up of filter and piezoelectric ceramic: when filter serve as reasons the Mach that molten pull-type coupler C constitutes-once during interferometer, the other end of Active Optical Fiber and two arms all have the Mach of piezoelectric ceramic P-once got a coupler C in the interferometer
2An input welding, another coupler C
1The end welding mutually of output and fibre optic isolater; When filter is fiber Bragg grating F-P, the other end of Active Optical Fiber and a fiber grating G
2The input welding, another fiber grating G
1The end welding mutually of output and fibre optic isolater, G
2Or G
1On have piezoelectric ceramic.
The course of work of the present invention is: the light wave that semiconductor laser sends, by wavelength division multiplexer, be coupled into Active Optical Fiber almost losslessly, and the pumping operation material produces population inversion, just produces laser when satisfying threshold condition and condition of resonance; The effect of fibre optic isolater is the bi-directional oscillating that suppresses laser, avoids the mode competition and the spatial hole burning phenomenon that produce because of bi-directional oscillating; By Mach-once interferometer or fiber Bragg grating F-P are realized the accent Q of laser, tuning and filtering work simultaneously.Mach-once interferometer when finishing above-mentioned work, at first be by Mach-once the live width of narrow laser line is pressed in the filter action of interferometer itself; Utilize the piezoelectric ceramic of institute's solderless wrapped connection on its arm to regulate optical path difference again to realize wavelength tuning; Piezoelectric ceramic to a certain arm applies a pectination pulse voltage then, to realize transferring Q.When fiber Bragg grating F-P is finished above-mentioned work, at first also be to carry out filtering by the narrow-band filtering characteristic of itself; Again by regulating tuning operation wavelength of grating cycle, then the piezoelectric ceramic that is connected on one of them grating is applied a pectination pulse voltage changing the cycle of this grating, thereby realize accent Q.
When adopt a plurality of Mach-once interferometer is serially connected and when making the ratio of the optical path difference between them be integral multiple, its filter effect and q-effect can be better.Mach-once the quantity of interferometer can be two, three or more.
Advantage of the present invention is: no any discrete component in (1) system is the resonant cavity of a full optical fiber, and energy loss is little, and the laser work threshold value is low, and is especially all the more so to four level system; (2) only carry out filtering, tuning and accent Q, compact conformation, simple, easy and simple to handle simultaneously in the laser with a regulating element; (3) because the full annular chamber is made up of full optical fiber, the volume of laser is little, in light weight, can do and help curing, microminiaturized device, and very strong application advantage is arranged in optical fiber communication, Fibre Optical Sensor and optic fiber gyroscope; (4) system works is stable, and the ability of anti-environmental perturbation and temperature field influence is strong, it can be embedded in the red copper in the practicality, and fix with heat-conducting glue.
Accompanying drawing 1. adopt Mach-once interferometer is made the structural representation of regulating element.
Accompanying drawing 2. adopts fiber Bragg grating F-P to make the structural representation of regulating element,
Accompanying drawing 3. adopt a plurality of Mach-once the structural representation during interferometer.
In an embodiment, semiconductor laser LD gets pumping wavelength 980nm, it is that the rare-earth doped optical fibre (as mixing Yb optical fiber YDF-B) of 920nm is as operation material that Active Optical Fiber AF adopts cut-off wavelength, length is 2m, monomode fiber is the standard fiber of external diameter 125 μ m, wavelength division multiplexer WDM is 980nm/1053nm, isolation ratio 20dB, Polarization Controller PC
1, PC
2Be to be to make on two copper rings of 1.5cm around radius, can regulate its anchor ring continuously with optical fiber.Isolator I is that terbium gallium garnet crystal is made, its operation wavelength between 0.5～1.064nm, Mach-once the quantity of interferometer can be three, respectively by coupler C
1With C
2, C
3With C
4, C
5With C
6Form, all adopt three-dB coupler (being that coupling ratio is 50: 50), the ratio of the optical path difference between them is got Δ 1
1: Δ 1
2: Δ 1
3=1: 2: 4, Mach-once the bandwidth of interferometer is 0.8nm, each arm of interferometer all has piezoelectric ceramic tube, piezoelectric ceramic P
1, P
2, P
3, P
4, P
5, P
6All adopt P2T-5A; When adopting fiber Bragg grating F-P, two grating G
1, G
2All selecting its bragg reflection wavelength is that 1053nm, reflectivity are 99.9%, bandwidth is 0.1nm, G
1, G
2Between spacing be 1.2cm, G
2Join with piezoelectric ceramic, adopt two WDM, wherein WDM in the chamber
1Be used for the coupling input of pump light, WDM
2Be used for the output of laser.The pectination pulse peak-peak voltage that is applied on the piezoelectric ceramic is 18V, the total length 5.4m of annular chamber.
Claims (3)
1. ring optical fiber Q-switching laser, by semiconductor laser and Active Optical Fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, Polarization Controller, fibre optic isolater and regulon are formed by connecting, an input welding of the tail optical fiber of semiconductor laser (LD) and wavelength division multiplexer (WDM), wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) then with Active Optical Fiber (AF), regulon, unidirectional all optical fiber ring cavity is formed in fibre optic isolater (I) welding, Polarization Controller (PC) is added in any link in the annular chamber, it is characterized in that described regulon only is made up of filter and piezoelectric ceramic, described filter for by coupler constitute Mach-once interferometer, the equal solderless wrapped connection piezoelectric ceramic of two arms of interferometer (P); On piezoelectric ceramic, apply the pectination pulse voltage.
2. ring optical fiber Q-switching laser, by semiconductor laser and Active Optical Fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, Polarization Controller, fibre optic isolater and regulon are formed by connecting, an input welding of the tail optical fiber of semiconductor laser (LD) and wavelength division multiplexer (WDM), wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) then with Active Optical Fiber (AF), regulon, unidirectional all optical fiber ring cavity is formed in fibre optic isolater (I) welding, Polarization Controller (PC) is added in any link in the annular chamber, it is characterized in that described regulon only is made up of filter and piezoelectric ceramic, the Fabry-Perot Lopa Nationality etalon of described filter for constituting by fiber grating, arbitrary fiber grating (G
2Or G
1) last bonding piezoelectric ceramic (P); On piezoelectric ceramic, apply the pectination pulse voltage.
3. ring optical fiber Q-switching laser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described Mach-once the quantity of interferometer is at least two, the ratio of the optical path difference between them is integral multiple.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001190253A CN1138322C (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2000-10-12 | Ring optical fiber Q-switching laser |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001190253A CN1138322C (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2000-10-12 | Ring optical fiber Q-switching laser |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1349291A CN1349291A (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| CN1138322C true CN1138322C (en) | 2004-02-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001190253A Expired - Fee Related CN1138322C (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2000-10-12 | Ring optical fiber Q-switching laser |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1295822C (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2007-01-17 | 南开大学 | Convertible dual-wavelength doping optical fiber laser |
| CN100395925C (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2008-06-18 | 清华大学 | Method and apparatus for full optical fiber Q-switched laser |
| US20080192780A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-14 | Fei Luo | Q-switched all-fibre laser |
| CN110994340A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-04-10 | 重庆邮电大学 | 2-micron double-cone filtering tunable mode-locked fiber laser |
| CN110763324B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-09-10 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | Fiber grating demodulation system |
| CN112397979B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-04-12 | 北京邮电大学 | Single-longitudinal-mode narrow-linewidth optical fiber laser based on double-coupling optical fiber ring and Mach-Zehnder filter |
-
2000
- 2000-10-12 CN CNB001190253A patent/CN1138322C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1349291A (en) | 2002-05-15 |
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