CN113832286B - Device and method for powder injection dephosphorization and slag blocking at converter steel tapping hole and composite dephosphorization agent - Google Patents
Device and method for powder injection dephosphorization and slag blocking at converter steel tapping hole and composite dephosphorization agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN113832286B CN113832286B CN202111092389.3A CN202111092389A CN113832286B CN 113832286 B CN113832286 B CN 113832286B CN 202111092389 A CN202111092389 A CN 202111092389A CN 113832286 B CN113832286 B CN 113832286B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
- C21C7/0645—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
A powder spraying gun is arranged at the steel tapping hole, and the composite dephosphorization powder is sprayed in the steel tapping process of the converter, so that molten steel is deeply dephosphorized, and simultaneously, the slag blocking function is realized. The device of the method comprises a gas supply system and a powder spraying system; the compound dephosphorizing agent is in a powder shape and mainly comprises calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide and calcium chloride. The powder spraying device is arranged around the steel tapping hole of the converter, and the molten steel is subjected to powder spraying dephosphorization in the steel tapping process, so that the favorable reaction thermodynamics and kinetics conditions in the steel tapping process can be fully utilized, and the phosphorus content in the molten steel is further reduced. Improves the quality of molten steel and simultaneously improves the yield of the molten steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a method for producing ultra-low phosphorus steel by blowing composite dephosphorization powder in a converter tapping process and a composite dephosphorization agent. A powder spraying gun is arranged around a steel tapping hole of the converter, and in the process of tapping of the converter, argon or oxygen is used as carrier gas, and composite dephosphorization powder is sprayed into the converter through a powder spraying device, so that molten steel is deeply dephosphorized and slag is retained.
Background
Dephosphorization is an important task of converter steelmaking, and on one hand, high-quality steel requires the final phosphorus content of molten steel to be lower than 0.01 percent, and partial high-quality pipeline steel even requires the phosphorus content of the steel to be lower than 0.005 percent. On the other hand, with the reduction of high-grade iron ore resources, the utilization of high-phosphorus iron ore leads to the great increase of the phosphorus content in pig iron. The reduction of the phosphorus content in steel has been a key issue and has been widely studied by researchers. The existing production process of the ultra-low phosphorus steel mainly comprises a double-slag method and a duplex method. Compared with the two production processes, the single slag method has the advantages of simple production process, low cost and the like, but the end point phosphorus content of the molten steel produced by the single slag method is difficult to reach below 0.01 percent, so the method is not applied to the field of producing the ultra-low phosphorus steel. In order to improve the traditional single slag method production process, metallurgical experts actively explore the dephosphorization in the last stage of the production of the converter or in the tapping process after the converter.
The invention patent CN110218841A of Liao Yangao et al proposes a nitrogen stirring process added in the final stage of oxygen blowing steel-making, after the oxygen blowing smelting of a converter is finished and before the converter discharges steel, nitrogen is blown into the molten steel to stir the molten steel, and the molten steel is further dephosphorized. And the Sunwei et al adds limestone into the converter at the last stage of converter blowing to further deeply dephosphorize and effectively reduce the phosphorus content in the molten steel. The invention patent CN101319263B of saddlesteel limited company provides a composite sphere for producing ultra-low phosphorus steel by external refining dephosphorization and a preparation method thereof. The molten steel has certain oxygen potential in the process of tapping after the furnace, and good thermodynamic conditions can be provided for further deep dephosphorization of the molten steel; and the gravity of molten steel is utilized to promote the molten steel to be poured downwards in the tapping process, so that good dynamic conditions are formed. However, in the method, the amount of slag in the steel ladle is increased by adding the composite dephosphorization ball body into the steel ladle, certain influence is brought to the next production link, and the function of slag stopping and tapping is not considered to be realized at the same time.
In the tapping process, if the treatment is not proper, part of converter slag flows into a ladle together with molten steel, and the quality of the molten steel is influenced. Meanwhile, the inflow of slag into the ladle also causes problems of reducing the service life of refractory materials of the ladle, reducing the yield of molten steel and the like. In order to avoid the problems, the slag blocking cone, the slag blocking ball, the pneumatic slag blocking and other means are usually used for reducing the amount of slag flowing out of the steel tapping hole of the converter during the steel tapping process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for powder injection dephosphorization and simultaneous slag stopping at a converter steel tapping hole. Improves the quality of molten steel and simultaneously improves the yield of the molten steel.
In order to realize the technology, the device matched with the method comprises an air supply system and a powder spraying system;
the gas supply system comprises a gas storage tank 15 and a gas flow distributor 12, and the total flow of the gas path is controlled through a main valve 13 and a flow meter 14. The powder spraying system mainly comprises a feeding bin 4, a gas-powder mixing chamber 6 and a powder spraying gun 2. The feeding bin is communicated with the gas-powder mixing chamber 6 up and down, and the feeding amount is controlled by the first blanking valve 5. And the carrier gas enters the airflow distributor and is respectively connected with the gas-powder mixing chamber 6 and the airflow mixer 16 through two branches, wherein the gas-powder mixing chamber 6 is communicated with the airflow mixer 16 up and down, and the middle part of the gas-powder mixing chamber is controlled to be switched through the second blanking valve 7. The carrier gas or gas-powder mixture is blown out from the gas flow mixer 16 and blown into the furnace through the powder spray gun 2.
The method for simultaneously carrying out powder injection dephosphorization and slag pushing at the steel tapping hole of the converter by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
(1) After the converter begins to shake the converter and tap steel, opening a main valve 13, a first branch control valve 10 and a control valve 3 in sequence, keeping other valves closed, blowing carrier gas into the converter, and keeping the gas pressure at 0.1-1.0MPa;
(2) After the stable blowing, opening a first blanking valve 5 to enable the composite dephosphorization powder to enter a gas-powder mixing chamber 6, then closing the first blanking valve 5, opening a second branch control valve 8, keeping a second blanking valve 7 in a closed state, and enabling the dephosphorization powder and the carrier gas to be fluidized in the gas-powder mixing chamber 6;
(3) After the dephosphorization powder is fully fluidized in the gas-powder mixing chamber 6, opening a second blanking valve 7 to ensure that the fluidized dephosphorization powder enters an airflow mixer 16, and then spraying the fluidized dephosphorization powder into the converter near a steel tapping hole of the converter through a powder gun to deeply dephosphorize molten steel;
(4) When the steel tapping amount reaches 2/3-3/4, the flow of the carrier gas is increased, and the steel slag is blown away by the airflow, so that the pneumatic slag blocking function is realized;
(5) When the converter body 1 rotates by 80-85 degrees, the second branch control valve 8 and the second blanking valve 7 are closed in sequence, powder spraying is stopped, the control valve 3, the first branch control valve 10 and the main valve 13 are kept open, the carrier gas pressure is maintained at 1.2-1.5MPa, slag is prevented from entering a steel ladle, after almost all molten steel flows out, the converter body is adjusted, all valves are closed, and tapping is finished.
The composite dephosphorizing agent adopted by the method for powder injection dephosphorization and slag stopping at the steel tapping hole of the converter is powdery and mainly comprises calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide and calcium chloride. The weight ratio of each raw material is as follows: 1% -80% of calcium oxide; 1% -30% of ferric oxide or ferrous oxide or the mixture of the ferric oxide and the ferrous oxide; 1% -30% of silicon dioxide; calcium chloride is not more than 30%;
further characterized in that the weight percentage of the raw materials is as follows: 40% -70% of calcium oxide; 15% -30% of ferric oxide or ferrous oxide or a mixture of the ferric oxide and the ferrous oxide; 5% -20% of silicon dioxide; the calcium chloride is not more than 10 percent.
The invention also provides a device and a method for realizing the slag-stopping and tapping functions, and a formula of the composite dephosphorizing agent. By installing the powder spraying device around the steel tapping hole of the converter, the molten steel is subjected to powder spraying dephosphorization in the steel tapping process, and the phosphorus content in the molten steel can be further reduced by fully utilizing the favorable reaction thermodynamics and kinetics conditions in the steel tapping process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device for realizing the slag-stopping and tapping functions at the same time.
In the figure: 1. a converter; 2. a powder gun; 3. a control valve; 4. a feeding bin; 5. a first baiting valve; 6. a gas-powder mixing chamber; 7. a second discharge valve; 8. a second bypass control valve; 9. a second branch pressure gauge; 10. a first bypass control valve; 11. a first branch pressure gauge; 12. an airflow distributor; 13. a main valve; 14. a flow meter; 15. a gas storage tank; 16. an air flow mixer.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
Example 1
(1) Adopted powder formula
(2) Production process
1. After the converter begins to shake the converter and tap steel, sequentially opening a main valve 13, a first branch control valve 10 and a control valve 3, keeping other valves closed, blowing carrier gas into the converter, keeping the gas pressure at 0.5MPa, and stirring molten steel;
2. after the stable blowing, opening the first blanking valve 5 to make the dephosphorization powder to be blown enter the gas-powder mixing chamber 6, closing the first blanking valve 5, then opening the second branch control valve 8, keeping the second blanking valve 7 in a closed state, and making the dephosphorization powder and the carrier gas fully fluidized in the gas-powder mixing chamber 6;
3. after fluidizing for 15 minutes, opening a second blanking valve 7, enabling the fluidized gas-powder mixture to enter an airflow mixer 16 to be mixed with carrier gas, and enabling the gas-powder mixture to enter molten steel through a powder gun 2;
4. when the steel tapping amount reaches 3/4, the pressure of carrier gas is adjusted to 1.0MPa, and furnace slag near a steel tapping hole is blown open to realize pneumatic slag blocking;
5. and when the rotating angle of the converter reaches 85 degrees, closing the second branch control valve 8 and the second blanking valve 7, stopping powder injection on the molten steel in the converter, keeping the pressure of carrier gas at 1.0MPa, preventing slag from entering a steel ladle, closing all valves after the molten steel completely flows out, and finishing tapping. The phosphorus content in the molten steel is 0.0040 percent through measurement and analysis. Compared with the traditional slag stopping process, the process can improve the yield of the molten steel by 9 percent in the tapping process of the converter.
Example 2
(1) Adopted powder formula
(2) Production process
1. After the converter begins to shake the converter and tap steel, sequentially opening a main valve 13, a first branch control valve 10 and a control valve 3, keeping other valves closed, blowing carrier gas into the converter, keeping the gas pressure at 0.7MPa, and stirring molten steel;
2. after the stable blowing, opening the first blanking valve 5 to make the dephosphorization powder to be blown enter the gas-powder mixing chamber 6, closing the first blanking valve 5, then opening the second branch control valve 8, keeping the second blanking valve 7 in a closed state, and making the dephosphorization powder and the carrier gas fully fluidized in the gas-powder mixing chamber 6;
3. after fluidizing for 15 minutes, opening a second blanking valve 7, enabling the fluidized gas-powder mixture to enter an airflow mixer 16 to be mixed with carrier gas, and enabling the gas-powder mixture to enter molten steel through a powder gun 2;
4. when the steel tapping amount reaches 3/4, the pressure of carrier gas is adjusted to 1.2MPa, and furnace slag near a steel tapping hole is blown open to realize pneumatic slag blocking;
5. and when the rotation angle of the converter reaches 85 degrees, closing the second branch control valve 8 and the second blanking valve 7, stopping spraying powder to the molten steel in the converter, keeping the pressure of carrier gas at 1.0MPa, preventing slag from entering a steel ladle, closing all valves after the molten steel completely flows out, and finishing tapping. The phosphorus content in the molten steel is 0.0030 percent through measurement and analysis. Compared with the traditional slag stopping process, the process can improve the yield of the molten steel by 10 percent in the tapping process of the converter.
Example 3
(1) Adopted powder formula
(2) Production process
1. After the converter begins to shake the converter and tap steel, sequentially opening a main valve 13, a first branch control valve 10 and a control valve 3, keeping other valves closed, blowing carrier gas into the converter, keeping the gas pressure at 0.4MPa, and stirring the molten steel;
2. after the stable blowing, opening the first blanking valve 5 to make the dephosphorization powder to be blown enter the gas-powder mixing chamber 6, closing the first blanking valve 5, then opening the second branch control valve 8, keeping the second blanking valve 7 in a closed state, and making the dephosphorization powder and the carrier gas fully fluidized in the gas-powder mixing chamber 6;
3. after fluidizing for 15 minutes, opening a second blanking valve 7, enabling the fluidized gas-powder mixture to enter an airflow mixer 16 to be mixed with carrier gas, and enabling the gas-powder mixture to enter molten steel through a powder gun 2;
4. when the steel tapping amount reaches 3/4, the pressure of carrier gas is adjusted to 0.9MPa, and slag near a steel tapping hole is blown open to realize pneumatic slag blocking;
5. and when the rotation angle of the converter reaches 85 degrees, closing the second branch control valve 8 and the second blanking valve 7, stopping spraying powder to the molten steel in the converter, keeping the pressure of carrier gas at 1.0MPa, preventing slag from entering a steel ladle, closing all valves after the molten steel completely flows out, and finishing tapping. Through measurement and analysis, the phosphorus content in the molten steel is 0.0038 percent. Compared with the traditional slag stopping process, the process can improve the yield of molten steel by 8 percent in the tapping process of the converter.
Comparative example
By adopting the powder and the method of the invention to carry out deep dephosphorization treatment on the molten steel in the converter tapping process, the dephosphorization rate in the steel-making process can be effectively improved, and the dephosphorization effect is improved. After the smelting by the traditional single slag method is finished (namely after the decarburization is carried out in the converter), the phosphorus content in the molten steel is about 0.010-0.015 percent. Such as: when a 200t converter is adopted for single slag method production, the phosphorus content in the molten steel after decarburization is 0.012%. The same process as the single slag method is adopted in the earlier stage, and after decarburization of molten steel produced by the converter is finished, the composite dephosphorization powder is sprayed in the tapping process of the converter by adopting the same method in the embodiment 1, the spraying time is 10 minutes, the phosphorus content in the molten steel can be reduced to 0.0040%, and the effect is obvious. Meanwhile, when the rotation angle of the converter reaches 85 degrees, powder spraying is stopped, and slag blocking is kept, so that the yield of the molten steel can be improved by 9%.
Claims (3)
1. A method for powder injection dephosphorization and slag removal at a converter steel-tapping hole is characterized in that the method is realized based on a device for powder injection dephosphorization and slag removal at a converter steel-tapping hole, and the device comprises an air supply system and a powder injection system; the gas supply system comprises a gas storage tank (15) and a gas flow distributor (12), and the total flow of a gas circuit is controlled through a main valve (13) and a flow meter (14); the powder spraying system mainly comprises a feeding bin (4), a gas-powder mixing chamber (6) and a powder spraying gun (2); the feeding bin is communicated with the gas-powder mixing chamber (6) up and down, and the feeding amount is controlled by a first blanking valve (5); after entering the airflow distributor, the carrier gas is respectively connected with the gas-powder mixing chamber (6) and the airflow mixer (16) through two branches, wherein the gas-powder mixing chamber (6) is communicated with the airflow mixer (16) up and down, and the middle part of the gas-powder mixing chamber is controlled to be switched through a second discharging valve (7); the carrier gas or the gas-powder mixture is blown out from the air flow mixer (16) and blown into the furnace through the powder gun (2); the powder spray gun (2) is obliquely arranged relative to the side wall of the converter and is oblique to the molten steel tapping flow direction;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) After the converter begins to shake the converter and tap steel, opening a main valve (13), a first branch control valve (10) and a control valve (3) in sequence, keeping other valves closed, blowing carrier gas into the converter, and keeping the gas pressure at 0.1-1.0MPa;
(2) After the stable blowing, opening a first blanking valve (5) to enable the composite dephosphorization powder to enter a gas-powder mixing chamber (6), then closing the first blanking valve (5), opening a second branch control valve (8), keeping a second blanking valve (7) in a closed state, and enabling the dephosphorization powder and the carrier gas to be fluidized in the gas-powder mixing chamber (6);
(3) After the dephosphorization powder is fully fluidized in the gas-powder mixing chamber (6), opening a second blanking valve (7) to ensure that the fluidized dephosphorization powder enters an airflow mixer (16), and then spraying the fluidized dephosphorization powder into the converter near a steel tapping hole of the converter through a powder gun to deeply dephosphorize molten steel;
(4) When the steel tapping amount reaches 2/3-3/4, the carrier gas flow is increased, and the steel slag is blown away by using the gas flow, so that the pneumatic slag stopping function is realized;
(5) When the converter body (1) rotates by 80-85 degrees, the second branch control valve (8) and the second blanking valve (7) are closed in sequence, powder spraying is stopped, the control valve (3), the first branch control valve (10) and the main valve (13) are kept open, the pressure of carrier gas is maintained at 1.2-1.5MPa, slag is prevented from entering a steel ladle, after almost all molten steel flows out, the converter body is adjusted, all valves are closed, and steel tapping is finished;
the compound dephosphorization powder is powdery and mainly comprises calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide and calcium chloride; the weight ratio of each raw material is as follows: 1% -80% of calcium oxide; 1% -30% of ferric oxide or ferrous oxide or the mixture of the ferric oxide and the ferrous oxide; 1% -30% of silicon dioxide; the calcium chloride is not more than 30 percent.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentages of the raw materials are as follows: 40% -70% of calcium oxide; 15% -30% of ferric oxide or ferrous oxide or a mixture of the ferric oxide and the ferrous oxide; 5% -20% of silicon dioxide; the calcium chloride is not more than 10 percent.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of each raw material is as follows: 50% of calcium oxide; 20% of ferric oxide or ferrous oxide or a mixture of the ferric oxide and the ferrous oxide; 25% of silicon dioxide; 5 percent of calcium chloride.
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| CN202111092389.3A CN113832286B (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | Device and method for powder injection dephosphorization and slag blocking at converter steel tapping hole and composite dephosphorization agent |
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| CN114807495A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 湖南华菱涟源钢铁有限公司 | Non-shielding free tapping method for converter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH01180915A (en) * | 1988-01-13 | 1989-07-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Dephosphorizing and molten slag separating method at tapping from converter |
| JPH10237526A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-08 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Dephosphorization of hot metal |
| JP2005187901A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Jfe Steel Kk | Refining method for molten steel |
| CN101319261A (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2008-12-10 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Process method for producing ultra-low phosphorus steel by external refining dephosphorization |
| CN106048136B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2017-12-08 | 北京科技大学 | One kind steel-making tapping process dusts method of deoxidation and system online |
| CN108060288B (en) * | 2018-01-13 | 2023-02-28 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Pre-deoxidation method and device for blowing carbon powder into converter steel tapping hole |
| CN108251596B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2023-08-25 | 北京科技大学 | Fixed converter tapping hole double-nozzle structure |
| CN109880965B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-08-04 | 东北大学 | Device and method for powder injection dephosphorization and simultaneous slag blocking above converter steel tapping hole |
| CN209974818U (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-01-21 | 无锡东大汉森冶金实业有限公司 | Device for modifying slag powder spraying and separating slag and steel during converter tapping |
| CN110042187B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2024-05-28 | 苏州东大汉森冶金实业有限公司 | Device for modifying slag powder spraying and separating slag steel during converter tapping and use method |
| CN112226576B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2023-07-14 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Device and method for carbon spraying and deoxidizing by utilizing slag blocking system |
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