CN113831601A - Flame-retardant SMC composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Flame-retardant SMC composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113831601A
CN113831601A CN202111068069.4A CN202111068069A CN113831601A CN 113831601 A CN113831601 A CN 113831601A CN 202111068069 A CN202111068069 A CN 202111068069A CN 113831601 A CN113831601 A CN 113831601A
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composite material
flame
smc composite
retardant smc
parts
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王健健
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Anhui Hongyi New Material Co ltd
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Anhui Hongyi New Material Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/02Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/346Clay
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • C08K7/26Silicon- containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2206Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of calcium, strontium or barium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2217Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
    • C08K2003/222Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of SMC composite materials, in particular to a flame-retardant SMC composite material and a preparation method thereof; the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of modified sisal fiber, 6-10 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 2-4 parts of curing agent, 4-8 parts of filler and 2-4 parts of thickening agent; according to the invention, the sisal fibers are modified, so that the compatibility of the sisal fibers is enhanced, the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good bending strength and toughness, the palygorskite powder can be subjected to acidic corrosion by modifying the palygorskite powder, the specific surface area of the palygorskite powder is increased, a large number of micropores are formed on the surface of the palygorskite powder, and meanwhile, the palygorskite powder can generate magnesium oxide and aluminum dioxide to be used as an oxidation isolation layer during combustion, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good flame retardance, and the quality of the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material is effectively improved.

Description

Flame-retardant SMC composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of SMC composite materials, in particular to a flame-retardant SMC composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The SMC material is a novel thermosetting glass reinforced plastic molding material. The SMC material is a widely used material and is widely applied to the fields of electrical industry, automobile industry, railway vehicles, communication engineering, explosion-proof electrical equipment shells and the like.
A flame-retardant SMC composite material is disclosed in a Chinese patent application No. CN202010155921.0, and the specification describes that the composite material comprises 55-70 parts of SMC special yarn by mass; 1-3 parts of a coloring agent; 10-20 parts of unsaturated resin; 10-15 parts of an oxide; 25-50 parts of fireproof flame-retardant auxiliary material; the fireproof flame-retardant auxiliary material is an inorganic flame-retardant material and comprises a metal inorganic flame-retardant material and a phosphorus flame-retardant material; the metal inorganic flame-retardant material comprises antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; the phosphorus flame retardant material comprises two or more of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium phosphate, sodium phosphate, magnesium phosphate and antimony phosphate, the oxygen index OI value of the composite material is 23-29%' the SMC composite material prepared by the patent document has certain flame retardant performance, but is prepared by directly adding a flame retardant, the flame retardant effect is poor, and meanwhile, the composite material lacks of good mechanical property, and the performance and the quality of the prepared SMC composite material are influenced.
In summary, the development of a flame retardant SMC composite material and a preparation method thereof is still a key problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of SMC composite materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a flame-retardant SMC composite material and a preparation method thereof, the compatibility of sisal fibers is enhanced by modifying the sisal fibers, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good bending strength and toughness, the palygorskite powder can be subjected to acidic corrosion by modifying the palygorskite powder, the specific surface area of the palygorskite powder is increased, a large number of micropores are formed on the surface of the palygorskite powder, and simultaneously, the palygorskite powder can generate magnesium oxide and aluminum dioxide to be used as an oxidation isolation layer during combustion, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good flame retardance, and the quality of the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material is effectively improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a flame-retardant SMC composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of modified sisal fiber, 6-10 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 2-4 parts of curing agent, 4-8 parts of filler and 2-4 parts of thickening agent.
By adopting the technical scheme: the modified sisal fiber, the modified palygorskite powder, the curing agent, the filler and the thickening agent are used as raw materials, the compatibility of the sisal fiber is enhanced by modifying the sisal fiber, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good bending strength and toughness, the specific surface area of the palygorskite powder is increased by modifying the palygorskite powder, a large number of micropores are formed on the surface of the palygorskite powder, and meanwhile, the palygorskite powder can generate magnesium oxide and aluminum dioxide to be used as an oxidation isolation layer during combustion, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC has good flame retardance.
The invention is further provided with: the curing agent is tert-butyl peroxybenzoate.
By adopting the technical scheme: the curing agent added in the invention plays a role in fixing when preparing the flame-retardant SMC composite material.
The invention is further provided with: the filler is nano clay.
By adopting the technical scheme: the nano clay added in the invention can enhance the agglomeration performance, thereby enhancing the mechanical performance of the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material.
The invention is further provided with: the thickening agent is one of magnesium oxide or calcium hydroxide.
By adopting the technical scheme: the viscosity of the added thickening agent can be improved, and the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material solution can be in a stable state.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flame-retardant SMC composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing modified sisal fibers;
s2, preparing modified epoxy resin;
s3, preparing a flame-retardant SMC composite material solution;
and S4, preparing the flame-retardant SMC composite material by adopting a mold.
By adopting the technical scheme: the flame-retardant SMC composite material prepared by the invention has good bending strength and toughness, and simultaneously, the isolation layer can be oxidized during combustion, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material also has good flame retardance.
The invention is further provided with: in step S1, the method for preparing the modified sisal fibers is as follows:
cutting sisal fiber and placing in a beaker; adding a low cross-linked PVAc emulsion into the beaker; heating and soaking the sisal fibers, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sisal fibers, and placing the sisal fibers in a drying box for drying to obtain modified sisal fibers;
wherein the heating temperature is 40-50 deg.C, soaking time is 30-40min, the temperature of the drying oven is 50-60 deg.C, and drying time is 10-20 min.
By adopting the technical scheme: according to the invention, the low cross-linked PVAc emulsion is added, so that the sisal fibers have good compatibility, the appearance of the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material is also improved, and the bending strength and the toughness of the flame-retardant SMC composite material are enhanced.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S2, the method for preparing the modified palygorskite is as follows:
putting the palygorskite into a beaker, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid into the beaker, and uniformly stirring; adding dilute hydrochloric acid into the beaker, and heating and stirring the beaker; ultrasonically cleaning palygorskite by using deionized water; putting the washed palygorskite into a dryer for drying; cooling the dried palygorskite to normal temperature, and grinding the palygorskite into powder to prepare modified palygorskite powder;
wherein the heating temperature is 60-70 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 100-120min, the temperature of the drying box is 50-60 ℃, and the drying time is 10-12 min.
By adopting the technical scheme: the invention can perform acidic corrosion on the palygorskite, and a large number of micropores are formed on the surface of the palygorskite, so that the specific surface area of the palygorskite powder is increased, and meanwhile, the palygorskite powder can generate magnesium oxide and aluminum dioxide as an oxidation isolation layer during combustion, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good flame retardance.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S3, the method for preparing the flame retardant SMC composite solution is:
grinding the filler in a mill; placing the crushed filler into a mixing container, adding modified sisal fiber and modified palygorskite powder into the mixing container, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed; adding a fixing agent and a thickening agent into a mixing container, heating the mixing container, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a flame-retardant SMC composite material solution;
wherein the heating temperature is 60-70 deg.C, and the heating time is 15-20 min.
By adopting the technical scheme: the invention crushes the filler, mixes the crushed filler with the modified sisal fiber and the modified palygorskite powder, and then prepares the flame-retardant SMC composite material solution by adding the fixing agent and the thickening agent so as to ensure that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has flame retardant property, bending strength and impact toughness.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S4, the method for preparing the flame retardant SMC composite material by using the mold includes:
cleaning the mould and drying; pouring the flame-retardant SMC composite material solution into a mold; placing the mould in a drying box for drying; after drying, taking the flame-retardant SMC composite material from the mould and cooling to normal temperature to prepare the flame-retardant SMC composite material;
wherein the temperature of the drying box is 60-65 ℃, and the drying time is 12-15 min.
By adopting the technical scheme: according to the invention, the flame-retardant SMC composite material solution is poured into the mold and dried to prepare the flame-retardant SMC composite material, so that the molding of the flame-retardant SMC composite material can be accelerated.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the modified sisal fiber, the modified palygorskite powder, the curing agent, the filler and the thickening agent are used as raw materials, the compatibility of the sisal fiber is enhanced by modifying the sisal fiber, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good bending strength and toughness, the palygorskite powder can be subjected to acidic corrosion by modifying the palygorskite powder, the specific surface area of the palygorskite powder is increased, a large number of micropores are formed on the surface of the palygorskite powder, and meanwhile, the palygorskite powder can generate magnesium oxide and aluminum dioxide to serve as an oxidation isolation layer when being burned, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good flame retardance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making a flame retardant SMC composite.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a flame retardant SMC composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified sisal fiber, 6 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 2 parts of curing agent, 4 parts of filler and 2 parts of thickening agent.
The curing agent is tert-butyl peroxybenzoate.
The filler is nano clay.
The thickener is magnesium oxide.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flame-retardant SMC composite material, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing modified sisal fibers.
The method for preparing the modified sisal fibers comprises the following steps:
cutting sisal fiber and placing in a beaker; adding a low cross-linked PVAc emulsion into the beaker; heating and soaking the sisal fibers, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sisal fibers, and placing the sisal fibers in a drying box for drying to obtain modified sisal fibers;
wherein the heating temperature is 40 ℃, the soaking time is 30min, the temperature of the drying box is 50 ℃, and the drying time is 10 min.
And step two, preparing the modified epoxy resin.
The method for preparing the modified palygorskite comprises the following steps:
putting the palygorskite into a beaker, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid into the beaker, and uniformly stirring; adding dilute hydrochloric acid into the beaker, and heating and stirring the beaker; ultrasonically cleaning palygorskite by using deionized water; putting the washed palygorskite into a dryer for drying; cooling the dried palygorskite to normal temperature, and grinding the palygorskite into powder to prepare modified palygorskite powder;
wherein the heating temperature is 60 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 100min, the temperature of the drying box is 50 ℃, and the drying time is 10 min.
And step three, preparing the flame-retardant SMC composite material solution.
The method for preparing the flame-retardant SMC composite material solution comprises the following steps:
grinding the filler in a mill; placing the crushed filler into a mixing container, adding modified sisal fiber and modified palygorskite powder into the mixing container, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed; adding a fixing agent and a thickening agent into a mixing container, heating the mixing container, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a flame-retardant SMC composite material solution;
wherein the heating temperature is 60 deg.C, and the heating time is 15 min.
And step four, preparing the flame-retardant SMC composite material by adopting a mould.
The method for preparing the flame-retardant SMC composite material by adopting the mould comprises the following steps:
cleaning the mould and drying; pouring the flame-retardant SMC composite material solution into a mold; placing the mould in a drying box for drying; after drying, taking the flame-retardant SMC composite material from the mould and cooling to normal temperature to prepare the flame-retardant SMC composite material;
wherein the temperature of the drying box is 60 ℃, and the drying time is 12 min.
Example 2
The flame-retardant SMC composite material and the preparation method thereof provided by this embodiment are substantially the same as those of embodiment 1, and the main differences are: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of modified sisal fiber, 8 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 3 parts of curing agent, 6 parts of filler and 3 parts of thickening agent;
the thickening agent is calcium hydroxide;
in the first step, the heating temperature is 45 ℃, the soaking time is 35min, the temperature of a drying box is 55 ℃, and the drying time is 15 min;
in the second step, the heating temperature is 65 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 110min, the temperature of the drying box is 55 ℃, and the drying time is 11 min;
in the third step, the heating temperature is 65 ℃, and the heating time is 17 min;
in the fourth step, the temperature of the drying box is 63 ℃, and the drying time is 13 min;
example 3
The flame-retardant SMC composite material and the preparation method thereof provided by this embodiment are substantially the same as those of embodiment 1, and the main differences are: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified sisal fiber, 10 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 4 parts of curing agent, 8 parts of filler and 4 parts of thickening agent;
the thickening agent is calcium hydroxide;
in the first step, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, the soaking time is 40min, the temperature of a drying box is 60 ℃, and the drying time is 20 min;
in the second step, the heating temperature is 70 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 120min, the temperature of the drying box is 60 ℃, and the drying time is 12 min;
in the third step, the heating temperature is 70 ℃, and the heating time is 20 min;
in the fourth step, the temperature of the drying box is 65 ℃, and the drying time is 15 min;
performance testing
In order to further illustrate the beneficial effects of the invention, the inventor selects a flame-retardant SMC composite material with patent application number CN202010155921.0 as a comparative example, and selects a flame-retardant SMC composite material prepared by the invention, and performs related performance tests according to test standard GB/15568-:
table 1: experimental data sheet
Figure BDA0003259338610000091
As can be seen from the analysis of the relevant data in the tables, the flame-retardant SMC composite material prepared by the invention not only has good flame-retardant performance, but also has good bending strength and impact toughness. Therefore, the preparation method of the flame-retardant SMC composite material has wider market prospect and is more suitable for popularization.
The modified sisal fiber, the modified palygorskite powder, the curing agent, the filler and the thickening agent are used as raw materials, the compatibility of the sisal fiber is enhanced by modifying the sisal fiber, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good bending strength and toughness, the palygorskite powder can be subjected to acidic corrosion by modifying the palygorskite powder, the specific surface area of the palygorskite powder is increased, a large number of micropores are formed on the surface of the palygorskite powder, and meanwhile, the palygorskite powder can generate magnesium oxide and aluminum dioxide to serve as an oxidation isolation layer when being burned, so that the prepared flame-retardant SMC composite material has good flame retardance.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims (9)

1. The flame-retardant SMC composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of modified sisal fiber, 6-10 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 2-4 parts of curing agent, 4-8 parts of filler and 2-4 parts of thickening agent.
2. A flame retardant SMC composite as in claim 1 wherein said curing agent is t-butyl peroxybenzoate.
3. A flame retardant SMC composite as in claim 1 wherein the filler is nanoclay.
4. A flame retardant SMC composite as in claim 1 wherein said thickening agent is one of magnesium oxide or calcium hydroxide.
5. A method for the preparation of a flame retardant SMC composite wherein a flame retardant SMC composite according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing modified sisal fibers;
s2, preparing modified epoxy resin;
s3, preparing a flame-retardant SMC composite material solution;
and S4, preparing the flame-retardant SMC composite material by adopting a mold.
6. A method for preparing a flame retardant SMC composite material as in claim 5, wherein in step S1, the method for preparing modified sisal fibers is as follows:
cutting sisal fiber and placing in a beaker; adding a low cross-linked PVAc emulsion into the beaker; heating and soaking the sisal fibers, cooling to normal temperature, taking out the sisal fibers, and placing the sisal fibers in a drying box for drying to obtain modified sisal fibers;
wherein the heating temperature is 40-50 deg.C, soaking time is 30-40min, the temperature of the drying oven is 50-60 deg.C, and drying time is 10-20 min.
7. A method for preparing a fire retardant SMC composite material as in claim 5, wherein in step S2, the method for preparing modified palygorskite is as follows:
putting the palygorskite into a beaker, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid into the beaker, and uniformly stirring; adding dilute hydrochloric acid into the beaker, and heating and stirring the beaker; ultrasonically cleaning palygorskite by using deionized water; putting the washed palygorskite into a dryer for drying; cooling the dried palygorskite to normal temperature, and grinding the palygorskite into powder to prepare modified palygorskite powder;
wherein the heating temperature is 60-70 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 100-120min, the temperature of the drying box is 50-60 ℃, and the drying time is 10-12 min.
8. A method for preparing a flame retardant SMC composite material as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S3, the method for preparing the flame retardant SMC composite material solution is as follows:
grinding the filler in a mill; placing the crushed filler into a mixing container, adding modified sisal fiber and modified palygorskite powder into the mixing container, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed; adding a fixing agent and a thickening agent into a mixing container, heating the mixing container, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a flame-retardant SMC composite material solution;
wherein the heating temperature is 60-70 deg.C, and the heating time is 15-20 min.
9. A method for preparing a flame retardant SMC composite material as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S4, the method for preparing the flame retardant SMC composite material by using the mould is as follows:
cleaning the mould and drying; pouring the flame-retardant SMC composite material solution into a mold; placing the mould in a drying box for drying; after drying, taking the flame-retardant SMC composite material from the mould and cooling to normal temperature to prepare the flame-retardant SMC composite material;
wherein the temperature of the drying box is 60-65 ℃, and the drying time is 12-15 min.
CN202111068069.4A 2021-09-13 2021-09-13 Flame-retardant SMC composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN113831601A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115433385A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-06 安徽裕河新材料有限公司 Preparation method of expanded polystyrene

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Application publication date: 20211224