CN113831043A - Comprehensive utilization method of chrysotile mine stripped waste rock and building material thereof - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method of chrysotile mine stripped waste rock and building material thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/08—Defibrillating asbestos
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of chrysotile mine stripping waste rock and a building material thereof, wherein the comprehensive utilization method comprises the following steps: performing attribute crushing, shaping and screening on a chrysotile mine stripped waste stone raw material to obtain a rough machine-made sand aggregate; scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering the sand making aggregate of the rough making machine to obtain sand making aggregate of the refiner; and roasting the undersize powder obtained by screening at the temperature of 750-1200 ℃ for 3 min-2.0 h to obtain a serpentine mineral in the material to be roasted, which is decomposed and subjected to phase change to obtain a product taking the olivine as a main crystal phase, wherein the product is used as a building plastering material. The invention can change the current situation that the prior art for stripping the waste rock of the chrysotile mine mainly deposits, and expand the sandstone material and the supply source thereof; besides the properties of natural sandstone, the refiner-made sandstone aggregate also has the advantages of high strength, good hardness, good fire resistance and the like, and the building plastering material is safe and environment-friendly and has good fire resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of super-basic rock type chrysotile mine waste rock, in particular to a comprehensive utilization method of chrysotile mine stripped waste rock and a building material prepared by the comprehensive utilization method.
Background
In the process of mining the ultrabasic rock type chrysotile mine, in order to uncover and mine ores, surrounding rock serpentine around a chrysotile ore body and non-ore serpentine in the ore body are stripped and removed, and chrysotile mine serpentine stripped waste rock is formed.
The serpentine blocks are olive green, dark green, green yellow and other green and yellow with different hues, have the same mechanical strength as limestone, soft color and luster, and dazzling luster, and have good decoration and beautification effects. Can be used for concrete gravel aggregate, terrazzo ground and wall decoration, artificial stone decorative plate production and the like.
In terrazzo application, ordinary cement, white cement or colored cement is mixed with serpentine blocks with different particle sizes and various colors to be used as a surface layer. After hardening, the polished surface is mechanically ground flat. The patterns and colors can be designed in advance, and the polished patterns and colors have excellent artistic effect. It is often used to make floor tile, table top, water tank, etc. According to the statistical data of related national departments, the service area of the terrazzo in public buildings in China exceeds 60 hundred million square meters several years ago. The method is mainly applied to hospitals, pharmacy, machinery, government offices, schools, commercial places, airport station terminals and the like.
The artificial stone decorative plate can be prepared by mixing the serpentine granules with resin, pigment and curing agent, and then carrying out the working procedures of molding, curing, cutting, polishing and the like. Compared with traditional building materials such as marble, granite, ceramic and the like, the artificial stone has various functions, rich color and wider application range. And has the characteristics of mildew resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance, easy maintenance, seamless splicing, variable modeling and the like. At present, the artificial stone industry in China is just started, and most of emerging enterprises are still in the old stage of learning industries such as DuPont, Samsung and Dulishome (China).
Along with the popularization and application of novel wall materials, the research and development of key matched mortar suitable for various novel masonry structures and novel walls are obviously lagged, and the corresponding mortar industry standard has been organized by the nation in order to promote concrete small-sized hollow building blocks and autoclaved aerated concrete products. However, as building materials and construction, products and applications in China are disjointed mutually, only a few tests are passed, fake products with poor quality lack of researches on pertinence and applicability of mortar fill the building market, and bring certain hidden troubles to the safety and durability of building walls. A high level of attention must be paid to this. Meanwhile, as the novel wall material has a plurality of specificities different from common clay bricks, mortar with self-performance adaptation is required to be used for masonry and plastering, so as to ensure the quality and safety of the novel masonry structure.
The daily population of cities and towns in China reaches 8.5 million people, the urbanization rate is about 60.6 percent, the investment needs more than 50 trillion yuan in the process of urbanization, and the demand of housing construction on building mortar is continuously increased. In recent years, under the influence of the reduction of the total amount of resources and policies, the sandstone market in China has the current situations of short supply and excessive price. The content of the sand in the mortar product accounts for 60-70%, and the price of the sand part exceeds 180-190 yuan/ton as a key material.
Meanwhile, with the accelerated promotion of the deployment of the national ecological environmental protection strategy and the reduction of the total amount of nonrenewable sandstone resources, the market supply of natural sandstone is greatly reduced in the future, and the quality and price level of the natural sandstone are difficult to ensure to be stable, so that the method is not a good message for mortar enterprises and is urgent to find substitutes. Therefore, the magnesium silicate active material has the characteristics of high activity, no toxicity, high temperature resistance, no collapsibility after long-term water soaking and the like, so that the magnesium silicate active material becomes a novel substitute material for a mortar market.
The speed of Chinese urbanization construction is accelerated, the basic building material sandstone becomes hot and hot, and the price of the sandstone is high and the people have a great song. The natural sandstone resource is gradually exhausted, and sandstone is the most basic and indispensable building material in engineering construction. With the increasing speed of urbanization construction in China, the investment of infrastructure construction is continuously increased, and the demand of sandstone is continuously increased. In 2018, the consumption of Chinese sandstone is 200 hundred million tons, which accounts for 50 percent of the consumption of the sandstone in the world. Meanwhile, the sand conveying amount of the main rivers in China is in a remarkably descending trend. Compared with the sand conveying amount of the yellow river in the last 70 years, the sand conveying amount of the yellow river is reduced by 89%, and the sand conveying amount of the Yangtze river is reduced by 68%. The total sand transportation amount of the main river into the sea is reduced from 20.3 hundred million tons in each year from 1955 to 1968 to 5 hundred million tons in each year from 1997 to 2010, and the reduction amplitude reaches 78.5 percent. According to the monitoring of the water conservancy department, the average sand conveying amount of the representative hydrological station of the main rivers in China in the last 10 years is about 80 percent smaller than the average annual sand conveying amount of the representative hydrological station in many years. Secondly, the natural sand conveying amount is continuously reduced, the supply is lack of fundamental guarantee, and the natural sand conveying amount becomes 'water without source', so that the sandstone resource is less and less. Meanwhile, due to the limitation of the total amount of natural resources and the influence of hydropower development, the sand production of the riverway is reduced year by year in recent years, and some of the sand production are exhausted. And thirdly, the resource utilization of the construction waste is seriously insufficient, a new channel for replacing and supplying sandstone is not formed, and the supply structure is not qualitatively changed all the time. From practice and experience at home and abroad, the solid waste is used for processing and manufacturing the building sandstone, which is an important way for solving the requirement of the sandstone. Billions of tons of asbestos tailings are produced nationwide, but a resource utilization approach is still lacked so far, so that potential pollution is caused to the surrounding environment, serious waste of resources is caused in the second stage, and the sandstone source is enlarged. The resource supply is increased. Encourages and supports the comprehensive utilization of waste rock, slag, tailings and other sandy soil resources, changes waste into valuable, and becomes an industrial policy advocated and popularized by the nation.
The method promotes the resource utilization of bulk solid wastes, produces sandstone products by taking solid wastes as raw materials, and can effectively reduce the ecological environment problems of land occupation and the like of industrial solid waste stockpiling. Meanwhile, sandstone raw materials are further developed, and the multi-field application of various sand sources is expanded.
The chrysotile mine stripping waste rock processing machine is used for processing the sandstone aggregate, the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock which is a solid waste material is fully utilized, the waste is changed into valuable, meanwhile, precious land resources are saved, the exploitation of natural sand resources is reduced, the ecology and the environment are protected, and the method has important economic, environmental and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for utilizing waste rock from chrysotile mine with low energy consumption.
In summary, the inventor finds through research that a large amount of domestic serpentine-containing solid wastes can only be stockpiled due to lack of an effective resource utilization way, occupy valuable land resources and have potential pollution to the surrounding environment, and meanwhile, the serpentine-containing solid wastes mainly contain magnesium and silicon dioxide and can be converted into an active gelled material without adverse effect on the environment through a certain treatment means, so that the potential environmental safety hazard is eliminated, the waste is changed into wealth, the resource idling and waste can be avoided, the calcium gelled material is replaced by the serpentine-containing solid wastes, the carbon emission of the calcium gelled material can be effectively reduced, the serpentine-containing solid wastes can be used for preparing baking-free bricks by aggregates, natural gravels can be replaced, the wastes are changed into valuables, the natural gravel resources can be saved, the ecology and the environment are protected, and the serpentine-containing solid wastes have important economic, ecological and economic and ecological effects, Environmental protection and social benefit.
Therefore, in order to achieve the above objects, one aspect of the present invention provides a method for comprehensively utilizing chrysotile mine stripped waste rock, comprising the steps of: performing attribute crushing, shaping and screening on a chrysotile mine stripped waste stone raw material to obtain a rough machine-made sand aggregate with the granularity of less than 4.75mm, wherein a byproduct is fine powder below a dust removal screen; scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering the coarse machine sand making aggregate to obtain a refined machine sand making aggregate with the granularity of 4.75 mm-75 mu m; mixing the refiner sand making aggregate with cement, an auxiliary agent and water according to the weight percentage of 55-70%: 8-30%: 0-5%: 8-30% of the mixture is proportioned and uniformly stirred to obtain a plastic mixture; the plastic mixture is molded and demoulded to obtain a baking-free building block blank; and (4) stacking the baking-free building block blank and then curing to obtain the baking-free building block.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method, the attribute crushing, shaping and screening steps can be completed in a production workshop with negative pressure, and dust removing devices are installed at dust producing positions of the corresponding crushing equipment, shaping equipment and screening equipment to collect dust and achieve standard air emission. In addition, the method can collect, precipitate and clarify the wastewater generated in the steps of scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering; and the sediment sludge generated by clarifying the sediment can be dehydrated and dried, and then is placed into a roasting kiln together with the dust and the sieved fine powder at the temperature of 750-1200 ℃ for roasting, so that the serpentine mineral in the sediment is decomposed and phase-changed, and thus, a product which can be used as a building plastering material and takes the olivine as a main crystal phase is formed.
In an exemplary embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention, the chrysotile mine may be a chrysotile mine formed by the serpentine interaction of ultrabasic rock, and the mineral species of chrysotile may be chrysotile fibers produced in a vein-like manner; the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock can comprise surrounding rocks, interlayers, rock walls and earth surface weathering covering layers of chrysotile ore bodies, wherein the surrounding rocks are one or more of serpentine, slate and altered quartz amphibole, the interlayers can be serpentine, and the rock walls are diopside garnet rocks and/or quartz amphibole.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method of the invention, the scouring can be removing the asbestos fiber exposed on the surfaces of the serpentine fragments by friction and shearing force stripping by using a sand scouring machine, and the water washing dust removal can be cleaned by using an industrial water countercurrent washing method so as to clean the asbestos fiber bonded and adsorbed on the surfaces of the crude machine-made sand aggregates until the total amount of solid suspended substances in the washing water is less than 50 mg/L.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method, the refiner sand aggregate, cement, an auxiliary agent and water can be mixed according to the weight percentage of 60-65%: 15-20%: 2-4%: 10-20% of the auxiliary agent is mixed, and the auxiliary agent can be one or more of calcium oxide, plaster of paris and reinforcing fiber.
In an exemplary embodiment of the preparation method, the curing can be performed by spraying water at normal temperature or introducing steam, the curing temperature is 20-95 ℃, the temperature can be increased slowly by 3-5 ℃/min for 5-20 min, and then rapidly increased by 10-15 ℃/min, the total curing time can be 24-72 h, and the humidity in the curing chamber is greater than 85%.
The invention also provides a baking-free building block with chrysotile mine stripped waste stone as aggregate, which is prepared by adopting the method. For example, the baking-free building block can be a hollow building block, and the density of the baking-free building block is 300-900 kg/m3The compressive strength grade of the hollow fiber meets MU 2.5-MU 20, and the hollow rate is more than or equal to 25 percent. The baking-free building block can also be a solid building block, and the density is 900-1500 kg/m3The compressive strength grade meets MU 10-MU 35, and the hollow rate is less than 25%.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention comprise at least one of the following:
(1) the comprehensive utilization of the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock can be realized, so that the daily tension supply and demand contradiction in China is effectively relieved, the sandstone materials and the supply sources are expanded, and the method has important practical significance for protecting ecology and environment and assisting the sustainable development of domestic infrastructure construction;
(2) the refined machine-made sandstone aggregate prepared by stripping the waste rock from the chrysotile mine replaces natural sandstone, so that the current situation that the stripping of the waste rock from the chrysotile mine is mainly stockpiled at present can be changed, the occupation of land resources and the potential harm to peripheral relief are reduced, and the method has positive and important economic, environmental and social benefits for protecting ecology, environment and nature, saving land and changing waste into valuable;
(3) asbestos fiber in chrysotile is converted into crystal phase mainly comprising olivine and pyroxene by calcination, so that phase inversion detoxification is realized, adverse effects on the environment are reduced, and the method has important environmental protection, safety and social benefits;
(4) the refined mechanism sandstone aggregate prepared by stripping the waste rock from the chrysotile mine replaces natural sandstone, so that the source and the range of the sandstone material are expanded, the domestic infrastructure construction is promoted, the increasingly tense contradiction of the natural sandstone material is effectively relieved, the resource application of the stripping waste rock from the chrysotile mine is promoted, and the solid waste material resource policy advocated and promoted by the nation is responded actively;
(5) the prepared refiner-made sandstone aggregate has the properties of natural sandstone, and also has the advantages of high strength, good hardness, good fire resistance and the like; the prepared building plastering material is safe and environment-friendly, has good fire resistance, and has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the comprehensive utilization method of the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock and the construction material thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments.
In general, the inventors considered that: on one hand, the supply of the domestic sandstone is in short supply, the price is continuously increased, the exploitation of the natural sandstone damages the ecology and the environment, the burning-free building block is an important building material which is indispensable for the domestic urbanization construction, and the popularization and the utilization of the burning-free building block are seriously influenced by the shortage of the sandstone material; on the other hand, the serpentine stripped rock wastes of the chrysotile mines are also accumulated in a large amount at the same time, thereby occupying valuable land resources, bringing potential adverse effects to the surrounding environment and simultaneously causing resource waste, therefore, the inventor proposes to fully utilize the mine solid wastes, change waste into valuables and relieve the current situation of the shortage of natural sandstone materials.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for comprehensively utilizing the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock includes a method for preparing a refiner-made sand aggregate and a method for preparing a building plastering material.
Wherein, the method for preparing the refiner sand aggregate can be realized by the following steps:
(1) step A1: preparation of the Rough-Forming machine Sand aggregate
The chrysotile mine stripped waste rock raw material is subjected to attribute crushing, shaping and screening in sequence to obtain coarse machine-made sand aggregate with different required particle sizes, and the byproduct is fine powder below a dust removal screen.
The chrysotile mine is formed by performing the serpentine petrochemical action on ultrabasic rock, and the mineral type of the chrysotile is chrysotile fiber which is produced in a vein shape.
The chrysotile mine stripped waste rock is mainly used for surrounding rocks, interlayers, rock walls and surface weathered covering layers of chrysotile ore bodies. Wherein the surrounding rock mainly comprises serpentine rock, slate, altered quartz amphibole and the like; the interlayer is mainly serpentine; the rock wall mainly comprises diopside and quartz amphibole; the types of rock covering the regolith of the earth vary.
The mineral types in the stripped waste stone are mainly serpentine minerals, including lizardite, antigorite and chrysotile, and also include a small amount of silicates, carbonates, oxides and hydroxides such as quartz, feldspar, illite, tremolite, diopside, talc, magnetite, chlorite, magnesite, dolomite, brucite, calcite, garnet and waisian.
The attribute crushing is to fully crush and dissociate by adopting crushing equipment which is not limited to jaw crushing, cone crushing and a vertical shaft crusher according to the development degree of micro fiber veins in the serpentine fragments in the stripped waste rock raw materials. When the serpentine contains fine chrysotile asbestos veins, the serpentine pieces will first produce a fracture surface along the asbestos veins during the crushing process and expose chrysotile fibers, so that the broken serpentine pieces are crushed to such an extent that the small broken serpentine pieces no longer contain fine chrysotile asbestos veins.
The shaping is a process of passivating the edges and corners of particles in the crushing process when the shape of the sand aggregate product has a clear requirement.
And in the screening step, 2-5 layers of multilayer screens are adopted to screen the crushed materials according to the particle size requirement of the machine-made sand aggregate product, oversize and undersize products with particles not meeting the requirement are removed, and the oversize products not meeting the particle size requirement are returned to an attribute crushing section to be crushed or used as crushed stones for other purposes.
Furthermore, the attribute crushing, shaping and screening processes are completed in a production workshop with negative pressure, and the purpose of negative pressure is adopted, so that raised dust can be reduced, dust overflow is avoided, and the influence on the surrounding environment is reduced.
Dust hoods are arranged at the dust producing positions of the crushing equipment, the screening equipment and the shaping equipment, dust is collected through a draught fan, and air is discharged after the dust is collected through a cloth bag and reaches the discharge standard.
(2) Step A2: preparation of refiner sand aggregate
And D, scrubbing, washing with water, dedusting, draining, drying, and screening and grading according to requirements to obtain the refiner-made sandstone aggregate with different required size fractions.
The wastewater generated in the scrubbing, washing, dedusting and water filtering sections is collected to a sedimentation tank for sedimentation and clarification and then is recycled.
The scrubbing is to remove asbestos fibers exposed on the surfaces of the serpentine fragments by friction and shearing force stripping by using a sandstone scrubbing machine.
The water washing is carried out by adopting an industrial water countercurrent washing method, the dust removal is carried out by washing dust adhered and adsorbed on the surface of the coarse sand aggregate, particularly asbestos fiber, and the washing is carried out until the total amount of suspended solid in the washing water is less than 50 mg/L.
The water filtration drying is a drying method of stacking natural water filtration and then carrying out air drying or drying.
In addition, the method for preparing a building plastering material can be realized by the following steps: and roasting the undersize powder obtained by screening at the temperature of 750-1200 ℃ for 3 min-2 h to obtain the building plastering material, wherein the serpentine mineral in the material to be roasted is decomposed and subjected to phase change to obtain a main crystal phase product, namely the olivine. When the roasting temperature is lower than 750 ℃, the phase inversion and detoxification requirements are difficult to achieve, and when the temperature is higher than 1200 ℃, the energy consumption is increased, and the phase inversion is basically completed, so that the energy consumption is increased, and the phase inversion effect cannot be further improved, and the roasting temperature range is preferably used.
In addition, the method for preparing the building plastering material can also be used for further using the sediment mud generated by clarifying the sediment as the material to be calcined together with the dust and the undersize fine powder after dewatering and drying. For example, the calcination time may be 3min to 2 hours.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the construction material prepared by stripping waste rock from a chrysotile mine may include a refiner-made sand aggregate and a construction render material prepared by the comprehensive utilization method as described above. The building material can be used as concrete aggregate, terrazzo color stone slag, mortar aggregate, wall decoration and aggregate for producing artificial stone decorative plates.
The color of the refined machine-made sand stone aggregate is green black, yellow green, green yellow, olive green, dark green and the like, the texture is fine and smooth, the polished sand stone aggregate has jade luster, the mechanical strength is equivalent to that of limestone, but the toughness is stronger, the color is soft, the luster is dazzlingly, and the refined machine-made sand stone aggregate has good decoration and beautifying effects.
For a better understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following further illustrates the present disclosure in conjunction with specific examples, however, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
In the example, the comprehensive utilization method of the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out jaw crushing on surrounding rocks of chrysotile ore bodies in a workshop with negative pressure of 1.8kpa, carrying out impact crushing and shaping, and then screening to obtain coarse machine-made sandstone aggregate with particle size fraction, wherein the main components of the sandstone aggregate are serpentine and slate.
Scrubbing, washing with water for dedusting, draining and drying the obtained rough sandstone aggregate of different grain grades to obtain coarse aggregates of various grades from S1 to S6. Wherein the obtained washing, washing and water filtering wastewater precipitated starch, the fine powder of the dust removal cloth bag and the fine powder below the screen are roasted together at 1100 ℃ for 8min, so that the serpentine in the fine powder is converted into olivine to be used as a building plastering material. The compressive strength of the obtained building plastering material is more than 4.0MPa, the initial setting time is more than 1.0h, the final setting time is less than 8.0h, and the tensile bonding strength is more than 0.40 MPa.
The crushing value of each grade of S1-S6 grade coarse aggregate is less than or equal to 6 percent, the abrasion value of los Angeles is less than or equal to 16 percent, the needle-shaped content is less than or equal to 2 percent, the mud content is 0 percent, and the SO content is less than or equal to 2 percent3The content is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
Example 2
In the example, the comprehensive utilization method of the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out jaw crushing and cone crushing on a chrysotile ore body rock wall in a workshop with negative pressure of 2.0kpa, carrying out impact crushing and shaping, and screening to obtain machine-made sand with different grain sizes, wherein the main components of the machine-made sand are diopside garnet rock and quartz amphibole rock.
Scrubbing, washing with water, dedusting, draining and drying the obtained machine-made sand with different grain sizes to obtain coarse aggregates of various levels from S12 to S14. Wherein the obtained washing, washing and water filtering wastewater precipitated starch, the dust removal cloth bag fine powder and the undersize fine powder are roasted together at 850 ℃ for 45min to convert serpentine into olivine which is used as a building plastering material.
The obtained S12-S14 fine aggregate at each level has a single-level crushing value of less than or equal to 6 percent, an MB value of 0.1, a mud content of 0 percent, a stone powder content of 0 percent and a sand equivalent of 90 percent. The compressive strength of the obtained building plastering material is more than 4.0MPa, the initial setting time is more than 1.0h, the final setting time is less than 8.0h, and the tensile bonding strength is more than 0.40 MPa.
Example 3
In the example, the comprehensive utilization method of the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock is realized by the following steps:
the ground surface weathered covering layer of the chrysotile ore body is firstly subjected to jaw crushing and vertical shaft crushing in a negative pressure workshop of 2.2kpa, and is sieved after impact crushing and shaping to obtain coarse aggregates with different grain sizes, wherein the main components of the obtained coarse aggregates comprise quartz amphibole, diopside, calcite, dolomite and the like.
Scrubbing, washing with water, dedusting, draining and drying the obtained coarse aggregates with different size fractions to obtain coarse aggregates of each level from S7 to S11. Wherein the obtained washing, washing and water filtering wastewater precipitated starch, the fine powder of the dust removal cloth bag and the fine powder below the screen are roasted together at 1000 ℃ for 15min, so that the serpentine in the fine powder is converted into olivine to be used as a building plastering material. The compressive strength of the obtained building plastering material is more than 4.0MPa, the initial setting time is more than 1.0h, the final setting time is less than 8.0h, and the tensile bonding strength is more than 0.40 MPa.
The obtained S7-S11 grade coarse aggregate has mud content of 0%, needle sheet content of less than or equal to 1.5%, and SO3The content is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, the crushing value is less than or equal to 5 percent, and the abrasion value of los Angeles is less than or equal to 18 percent.
The refiner-made gravel aggregate prepared in the above example can be used as both a crushed stone for construction and a sand for construction. For example, can be connectedAnd (4) controlling the screening to obtain refiner-made sand aggregate with the particle size of more than 4.75mm, and using the refiner-made sand aggregate as construction gravel. Through multiple detections, the refiner sand aggregate with the grain diameter of more than 4.75mm has the following components by weight percentage, the mud content is 0 percent, the needle-shaped material content is less than or equal to 2.5 percent, and the SO3The content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, the crushing value is less than or equal to 6 percent, and the abrasion value of los Angeles is less than or equal to 20 percent.
In addition, the sand aggregate of the refiner making with the grain diameter not more than 4.75mm can be obtained by controlling the screening to be used as the sand for construction. Through multiple detections, the refiner-made sand aggregate with the grain size not greater than 4.75mm has the advantages of 0% of mud content, 0% of stone powder content, no more than 0.3 of MB value, no more than 14% of single-stage crushing value and no less than 70% of sand equivalent weight according to weight percentage.
Through multiple detections, the compressive strength of the building plastering material is more than 4.0MPa, the initial setting time is more than 1.0h, the final setting time is less than 8.0h, and the tensile bonding strength is more than 0.40 MPa.
In conclusion, the method can realize the comprehensive utilization of the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock, not only can change the current situation that the chrysotile mine stripping waste rock is mainly stockpiled at present, effectively save the consumption of natural sandstone, and expand sandstone materials and supply sources thereof; the prepared refiner-made sandstone aggregate has the properties of natural sandstone, and also has the advantages of high strength, good hardness, good fire resistance and the like; and the prepared building plastering material is safe and environment-friendly and has good fire resistance.
While the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive utilization method of chrysotile mine stripped waste rock is characterized by comprising a method for preparing refiner-made sand aggregate and a method for preparing building plastering material, wherein,
the method for preparing the refiner sand aggregate comprises the following steps:
performing attribute crushing, shaping and screening on a chrysotile mine stripped waste stone raw material to obtain a rough machine-made sand aggregate;
scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering the sand making aggregate of the rough making machine to obtain sand making aggregate of the refiner,
the method for preparing the building plastering material comprises the following steps: and roasting the undersize powder obtained by screening at the temperature of 750-1200 ℃ for 3 min-2.0 h to obtain a product which takes the olivine as a main crystal phase, namely the building plastering material, by decomposing and phase-changing the serpentine mineral in the material to be roasted.
2. The method for comprehensively utilizing chrysotile mine stripped waste rocks according to claim 1, wherein the steps of attribute crushing, shaping and screening are completed in a production workshop with negative pressure, and dust removing devices are installed at dust producing positions of corresponding crushing equipment, shaping equipment and screening equipment so as to collect dust and realize standard discharge of air.
3. The method for comprehensively utilizing chrysotile mine stripping waste rocks according to claim 2, wherein the method for preparing refiner-making sand aggregate collects, precipitates, clarifies and recycles the wastewater generated in the steps of scrubbing, washing, dedusting and filtering.
4. The method for comprehensively utilizing chrysotile mine stripped waste rock according to claim 3, wherein the method for preparing building plastering material is characterized in that the sediment sludge generated by clarifying the sediment is dehydrated and dried to be used as the material to be calcined together with the dust and the undersize powder.
5. The method for comprehensively utilizing chrysotile mine exfoliated waste rock according to claim 1, wherein the chrysotile mine is a chrysotile mine formed by the ophtalcite through the serpentine action, and the mineral type of the chrysotile is a fibrous chrysotile produced in a vein-like manner; the chrysotile mine stripped waste rock comprises a surrounding rock, an interlayer, a rock wall and an earth surface weathering covering layer of a chrysotile ore body, wherein the surrounding rock is one or more of serpentine, slate and altered quartz amphibole, the interlayer is serpentine, and the rock wall is diopside garnet and/or quartz amphibole.
6. The method for comprehensive utilization of chrysotile mine stripped waste rock according to claim 1, wherein the scrubbing is to remove asbestos fiber exposed on the surfaces of serpentine rock fragments by friction and shearing force by using a sand scrubbing machine, and the washing dust removal is carried out by washing with industrial water counter-current washing method so as to wash the asbestos fiber adhered and adsorbed on the surfaces of the coarse machine-made sand aggregates until the total amount of suspended solids in the washing water is less than 50 mg/L.
7. A construction material prepared by stripping waste rock from a chrysotile mine, which comprises a refiner-made sand aggregate and a construction plastering material prepared by the comprehensive utilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The building material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the grain size of the refined sand aggregate is greater than 4.75mm, and the sand aggregate contains 0% of mud, 2.5% or less of needle-like material, and SO in percentage by weight3The content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, the crushing value is less than or equal to 6 percent, and the abrasion value of los Angeles is less than or equal to 20 percent.
9. The building material as claimed in claim 8, wherein the grain size of the refiner-made sand aggregate is not more than 4.75mm, and the sand content is 0% by weight, the stone powder content is 0% by weight, the MB value is not more than 0.3 by weight, the single-stage crushing value is not more than 14% by weight, and the sand equivalent is not less than 70% by weight.
10. The building material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the building material can be used as a sand aggregate for concrete, terrazzo color stone slag, mortar, wall decoration and for producing artificial stone decorative sheets.
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