CN113828992B - Double-shaft-head tail type automatic welding positioner and workpiece welding method - Google Patents
Double-shaft-head tail type automatic welding positioner and workpiece welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113828992B CN113828992B CN202111181670.4A CN202111181670A CN113828992B CN 113828992 B CN113828992 B CN 113828992B CN 202111181670 A CN202111181670 A CN 202111181670A CN 113828992 B CN113828992 B CN 113828992B
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- box
- outer frame
- workbench
- side plate
- box body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner which comprises a turnover support, a workbench, a rotary position changing device and a first clamp and a second clamp, wherein the turnover support can be arranged around a first shaft in a rotating mode, the workbench is used for placing a workpiece, the rotary position changing device is arranged on the turnover support and is used for driving the workbench to rotate around a second shaft, the first clamp and the second clamp are arranged on the workbench and are used for clamping the workpiece, and the rotary position changing device is connected with the workbench. The double-shaft head-tail automatic welding positioner can realize high-efficiency welding of different types of welding seams on a welding workpiece, and can be compatible with boxes with different sizes. The invention also discloses a workpiece welding method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding auxiliary equipment, and particularly relates to a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner and a workpiece welding method.
Background
At present, the welding of box type parts is widely existed in the production and manufacturing industry, and the welding of box type parts generally has the following characteristics: the size is large, the pose is difficult to change manually, the number of welding seams is large, the distribution is complex, the repetitive work of welding is large, the manual welding efficiency is low, and the situations of wrong welding and missing welding are easy to occur. The welding of box class part wants to avoid above-mentioned problem, can usually realize through automatic welding, and box class automatic welding usually uses end-to-end formula automatic weld positioner. The traditional head-tail automatic welding positioner only has one turnover motion, is difficult to weld box type parts with complex welding seams, has poor welding quality, and lacks compatibility for welding boxes with different sizes.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a workpiece welding method, and aims to improve the welding quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the workpiece welding method adopts a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner, the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner comprises an overturning support which can be rotatably arranged around a first shaft, a workbench which is used for placing a workpiece, a rotary position changing device which is arranged on the overturning support and is used for driving the workbench to rotate around a second shaft, and a first clamp and a second clamp which are arranged on the workbench and are used for clamping the workpiece, the rotary position changing device is connected with the workbench, and the first shaft is vertical to the second shaft;
the workpiece welding method comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a box outer frame on a workbench of a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner, and then positioning a baffle in the box inside the box outer frame;
s2, the box outer frame is in a first horizontal posture, then the baffle in the box body is welded with the bottom plate of the box outer frame, and then the first reinforcing rib plate is welded with the box outer frame;
s3, rotating the box outer frame by the double-shaft head-tail automatic welding positioner to enable the box outer frame to be in a second horizontal posture, and then welding the baffle in the box body and the first side plate of the box outer frame;
s4, rotating the box outer frame by the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner to enable the box outer frame to be in a third horizontal posture, and then welding a baffle in the box and a second side plate of the box outer frame, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged, and the baffle in the box is positioned between the first side plate and the second side plate;
the workpiece is a box part, the box part comprises a box outer frame, a box inner baffle connected with the box outer frame, a first reinforcing rib plate and a second reinforcing rib plate, the box outer frame is of a rectangular frame structure, the box outer frame comprises a bottom plate and a first side plate, a second side plate, a first end plate and a second end plate which are vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is a rectangular flat plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the bottom plate in the length direction, the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged, the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively and fixedly connected with two opposite ends of the bottom plate in the width direction, two ends of the first side plate in the length direction are respectively and fixedly connected with one ends of the first end plate and the second end plate, and two ends of the second side plate in the length direction are respectively and fixedly connected with the other ends of the first end plate and the second end plate;
in the step S1, a box body outer frame is placed on a positioning surface of a workbench, the workbench is in a horizontal state at the moment, the length direction and the width direction of the workbench are both in the horizontal direction, the positioning surface is the top surface of the workbench, then the box body outer frame is clamped tightly by a first clamp and a second clamp, the two first clamps which are arranged in pair are respectively positioned at the two opposite ends of the box body outer frame in the length direction, the two first clamps which are arranged in pair are respectively contacted with a first end plate and a second end plate, the two second clamps which are arranged in pair are respectively positioned at the two opposite ends of the box body outer frame in the width direction, and the two second clamps which are arranged in pair are respectively contacted with a first side plate and a second side plate;
after the box outer frame is fixed, all the internal baffles in the box body are placed in the inner cavity of the box outer frame, all the internal baffles in the box body are positioned between the first side plate and the second side plate, all the internal baffles in the box body are also positioned between the first end plate and the second end plate, at the moment, the internal baffles in the box body are in a vertical state, the internal baffles in the box body are parallel to the first end plate and the second end plate, and the internal baffles in the box body are perpendicular to the first side plate and the second side plate; then, positioning the baffle inside the box body by using a positioning bracket so that the baffle inside the box body is fixed in the inner cavity of the outer frame of the box body;
the box body inner baffles are arranged in a plurality of numbers, all the box body inner baffles are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the box body inner baffles, the first side plate, the second side plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are positioned on the same side of the bottom plate;
the positioning support is provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove, the baffle in the box body is a rectangular flat plate, the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are used for allowing the baffle in the box body to be inserted, the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are rectangular grooves, and the length direction of the first positioning groove is perpendicular to the length direction of the second positioning groove; the two first positioning grooves and the two second positioning grooves are arranged, the length directions of the two first positioning grooves are parallel, the two second positioning grooves are positioned on the same straight line, and the positioning support is used for positioning the baffles in the two adjacent box bodies at the same time;
the positioning bracket is provided with a magnet for adsorbing the outer frame of the box body, and the positioning bracket is fixed inside the outer frame of the box body in an adsorption mode; in the step S1, a plurality of positioning supports are used for positioning the baffle in the box body, the top of the baffle in the box body is embedded into one first positioning groove or two second positioning grooves of the positioning supports, the bottom surface of the baffle in the box body is attached to the bottom plate, the positioning supports are vertically placed in the inner cavity of the box body outer frame, and the magnets are adsorbed on the bottom plate of the box body outer frame to enable the positioning supports to be fixed in the inner cavity of the box body outer frame;
the step S4 includes:
s401, enabling the outer frame of the box body to rotate for 90 degrees around a first shaft by a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner;
s402, rotating the outer frame of the box body for 180 degrees around a second shaft by a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner;
s403, enabling the outer frame of the box body to rotate by 90 degrees around the first shaft by the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner, and enabling the outer frame of the box body to be in a third horizontal posture;
s404, welding the baffle in the box body and a second side plate of the outer frame of the box body;
in step S401, after the turning bracket drives the rotary displacement device and the box outer frame thereon to rotate 90 degrees along a second direction, the box outer frame is in a horizontal state, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite;
in step S402, the rotary displacement device drives the box outer frame to rotate 180 degrees around the second axis, and then the second reinforcing rib plate is welded to the second end plate of the box outer frame;
in step S403, after the turning bracket drives the rotary displacement device and the box outer frame thereon to rotate 90 degrees along the first direction, the box outer frame is in a third horizontal posture, at this time, the width direction of the box outer frame is parallel to the second axis, the baffle and the bottom plate in the box are in a vertical state, the second side plate is located below the baffle in the box, and the first side plate is located above the baffle in the box;
in step S404, welding all the internal baffles of the box body and the second side plate of the external frame of the box body, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are in a horizontal state, and the welding seam at the joint of the second side plate and the internal baffles of the box body is a horizontal welding seam;
the first clamp is connected with the workbench through a first bolt, a plurality of first mounting holes for the first bolt to pass through are formed in the workbench, the position of the first clamp on the workbench can be adjusted, and the distance between two first clamps which are oppositely arranged can be adjusted;
the first clamps are arranged pairwise, the workpiece is positioned between the two first clamps arranged pairwise, and the two first clamps arranged pairwise apply clamping force to the workpiece so that the workpiece is fixed on the workbench; the workbench is provided with a positioning surface which is contacted with the workpiece, the positioning surface is a plane parallel to the first shaft, and the positioning surface is vertical to the second shaft;
the first mounting holes are round holes arranged on the positioning surface, the axes of the first mounting holes are parallel to the second shaft, two first fixtures which are arranged in pairs are respectively positioned at two opposite ends of the workbench in the length direction, the length direction of the workbench is parallel to the first shaft, a plurality of first mounting holes are arranged at two ends of the workbench in the length direction, all the first mounting holes in the same row are arranged in multiple rows, all the first mounting holes in the same row are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the length direction of the workbench, all the first mounting holes in the same row are sequentially arranged in the length direction of the workbench and are distributed at equal intervals, the first fixtures are mounted on the workbench through a plurality of first bolts, and each first bolt is respectively inserted into one first mounting hole;
the second clamp is connected with the workbench through a second bolt, a plurality of second mounting holes for the second bolt to pass through are formed in the workbench, the position of the second clamp on the workbench is adjustable, and the distance between two oppositely arranged second clamps is adjustable;
the second clamps are arranged pairwise, the workpiece is positioned between the two second clamps arranged pairwise, and the two second clamps arranged pairwise apply clamping force to the workpiece so that the workpiece is fixed on the workbench; two second anchor clamps that arrange in pairs are located the relative both ends on the width direction of workstation respectively, the width direction of workstation is mutually perpendicular with primary shaft and secondary shaft, the both ends on the width direction of workstation all set up a plurality of second mounting holes, all second mounting holes are the multirow and arrange, all second mounting holes that are in same row are in on the same straight line that parallels with the width direction of workstation, all second mounting holes that are in same row are for arranging in proper order and for the equidistance along the width direction of workstation and distribute, the second anchor clamps are installed on the workstation through a plurality of second bolts, each second bolt inserts respectively in a second mounting hole.
In step S402, the second reinforcing rib plate is welded to the outer frame of the box body.
The rotary displacement device comprises a motor base connected with the turnover support and a displacement motor arranged on the motor base and used for driving the workbench to rotate.
The rotary displacement device also comprises a first-stage rotating disk connected with the displacement motor and a second-stage rotating disk connected with the first-stage rotating disk, and the second-stage rotating disk is connected with the workbench.
The rotary displacement device further comprises a motor rear cover arranged on the displacement motor, the first-stage rotating disk is positioned between the motor rear cover and the second-stage rotating disk, and an oil storage tank for storing lubricating media is arranged on the motor rear cover.
The first clamp is arranged in two, and two ends of the workbench in the length direction are respectively provided with the first clamp.
The number of the second clamps is four, and two second clamps are respectively arranged at two ends of the workbench in the width direction.
The first clamp and the second clamp are both hydraulic clamps.
The workpiece welding method can realize high-efficiency welding of different types of welding seams on the welding workpiece, can be compatible with box parts with different sizes, and can improve the welding efficiency and the welding quality of the box parts.
Drawings
The present specification includes the following figures, which show the contents:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a biaxial head-to-tail automatic welding positioner of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the rotary indexing device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the dual axis end-to-end automatic weld positioner of the present invention with a workpiece;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the biaxial head-to-tail type automatic welding positioner and the welding robot in matched welding;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a workpiece structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the positioning bracket;
labeled in the figure as:
1. a base; 2. a head box; 3. a tail box; 4. a turnover driving mechanism; 5. turning over the bracket; 6. a roll-over following mechanism; 7. a rotary displacement device; 701. a motor base; 702. a deflection motor; 703. a motor rear cover; 704. a first-stage rotating disc; 705. a secondary rotating disc; 706. a first connecting pin;
8. a work table; 801. a first mounting hole; 802. a second mounting hole; 803. a second connecting pin;
9. a first clamp; 10. a second clamp;
11. a first side plate; 12. a second side plate; 13. a base plate; 14. a first end plate; 15. a second end plate; 16. a baffle plate in the box body; 17. a welding robot; 18. a first reinforcing rib plate; 19. a second reinforcing rib plate; 20. a first positioning groove; 21. a second positioning groove.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation.
It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the "first" and "second" do not represent an absolute distinction relationship in structure and/or function, nor represent a sequential execution order, but merely for convenience of description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides a double-shaft head-tail automatic welding positioner, which comprises a base 1, a head box 2, a tail box 3, a turnover driving mechanism 4, a turnover following mechanism 6, a turnover support 5 capable of being rotatably arranged around a first shaft, a workbench 8 for placing a workpiece, a rotary displacement device 7 arranged on the turnover support 5 and used for driving the workbench 8 to rotate around a second shaft, and a first clamp 9 and a second clamp 10 which are arranged on the workbench 8 and used for clamping the workpiece, wherein the rotary displacement device 7 is connected with the workbench 8, and the first shaft is vertical to the second shaft.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the head box 2 and the tail box 3 are vertically arranged, the head box 2 and the tail box 3 are fixedly connected with the base 1, the turnover driving mechanism 4 is arranged on the head box 2, the turnover following mechanism 6 is arranged on the tail box 3, the turnover support 5 is located between the turnover driving mechanism 4 and the turnover following mechanism 6, the turnover support 5 is connected with the turnover driving mechanism 4 and the turnover following mechanism 6, the turnover driving mechanism 4 is used for providing a driving force for enabling the turnover support 5 to rotate around a first shaft, the turnover following mechanism 6 is rotatably arranged on the tail box 3, the turnover support 5 is horizontally arranged, and the turnover support 5 is located above the base 1. The rotary displacement device 7 comprises a motor base 701 connected with the overturning support 5 and a displacement motor 702 arranged on the motor base 701 and used for driving the workbench 8 to rotate, the displacement motor 702 is used for providing driving force for enabling the workbench 8 to rotate around a second shaft, the first shaft is parallel to the horizontal direction, and the overturning driving mechanism 4 and the overturning following mechanism 6 are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the first shaft. The motor base 701 is fixedly connected with the overturning bracket 5, the position changing motor 702 is fixedly arranged on the motor base 701, and the axis of the position changing motor 702 is parallel to the second shaft. The working table 8 can do the overturning motion along with the overturning bracket 5 and also can do the rotating motion along with the rotating displacement device 7.
As shown in fig. 1, the inversion driving mechanism 4 is provided in the head box 2, and the inversion following mechanism 6 is provided in the tail box 3; the turnover driving mechanism 4 consists of a stepless variable frequency speed regulation servo motor, a primary rotating disk and a secondary rotating disk, but a supporting disk fixed by an auxiliary motor is additionally arranged in the turnover driving mechanism 4; in addition, the integral structure of the turnover following mechanism 6 in the tail box 3 and the two driving mechanisms is also similar, but a stepless variable frequency speed regulation servo motor for providing power is lacked; overall, the motion mechanisms in the three boxes are very similar, and have better replacement and compatibility.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotary indexing device 7 further includes a primary rotary disk 704 connected to the indexing motor 702 and a secondary rotary disk 705 connected to the primary rotary disk 704, and the secondary rotary disk 705 is connected to the table 8. The primary rotating disk 704 is connected with a motor shaft of the deflection motor 702, the primary rotating disk 704 is connected with the secondary rotating disk 705 through a first connecting pin 706, pin holes allowing the first connecting pin 706 to penetrate through are formed in the primary rotating disk 704 and the secondary rotating disk 705, the axis of the first connecting pin 706 is parallel to the second shaft, the first connecting pin 706 is a countersunk cylindrical pin hole, and the primary rotating disk 704 and the secondary rotating disk 705 can transmit rotary motion through the arrangement of the first connecting pins 706. The primary rotary disk 704 and the secondary rotary disk 705 are both disc-shaped structures, and the primary rotary disk 704 and the secondary rotary disk 705 are coaxially arranged with a motor shaft of the displacement motor 702. The secondary rotating disk 705 is connected with the workbench 8 through a second connecting pin 803, pin holes for the second connecting pin 803 to pass through are arranged on the secondary rotating disk 705 and the workbench 8, the axis of the second connecting pin 803 is parallel to the second axis, the second connecting pin 803 is a countersunk cylindrical pin hole, the plurality of second connecting pins 803 are arranged so that the rotary motion can be transmitted between the secondary rotating disk 705 and the workbench 8, and the secondary rotating disk 705 is positioned between the workbench 8 and the first rotating disk. The secondary rotating disk 705 is connected with the workbench 8 through a countersunk cylindrical pin, so that the rotary motion is transmitted to the workbench 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotary indexing device 7 further includes a motor rear cover 703 disposed on the indexing motor 702, the first-stage rotating disc 704 is disposed between the motor rear cover 703 and the second-stage rotating disc 705, an oil reservoir for storing a lubricating medium is disposed on the motor rear cover 703, and the lubricating medium enters between the motor rear cover 703 and the first-stage rotating disc 704 to reduce the friction force between the motor rear cover 703 and the first-stage rotating disc 704. The primary rotating disk 704 is positioned between the secondary rotating disk 705 and the motor rear cover 703, the motor rear cover 703 is fixedly connected with the shell of the displacement motor 702, the motor rear cover 703 is of a disc-shaped structure, the motor rear cover 703 and the primary rotating disk 704 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the motor rear cover 703 is larger than that of the primary rotating disk 704. The deflection motor 702 is a stepless variable frequency speed regulating motor, and the first-stage rotating disk 704 also bears the pressure of other rotating mechanisms on the upper part and workpieces to be welded while transmitting power upwards, so that the conventional direct rotation can generate large friction force between the first-stage rotating disk 704 and the motor rear cover 703, so that the power transmission loss is reduced, and the power transmission precision of the stepless variable frequency speed regulating motor is influenced.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the first clamp 9 is connected to the table 8 by a first bolt, a plurality of first mounting holes 801 are provided in the table 8 for the first bolt to pass through, the position of the first clamp 9 on the table 8 is adjustable, and the distance between two first clamps 9 arranged opposite to each other is adjustable. The first clamps 9 are provided in plurality, the first clamps 9 are arranged in pairs, the workpiece is located between the two first clamps 9 arranged in pairs, and the two first clamps 9 arranged in pairs exert clamping force on the workpiece, so that the workpiece is fixed on the workbench 8. The table 8 has a positioning surface in contact with the workpiece, the positioning surface being a plane parallel to the first axis, the positioning surface being perpendicular to the second axis. The first mounting hole 801 is a circular hole formed in the positioning surface, and the axis of the first mounting hole 801 is parallel to the second shaft. Two first anchor clamps 9 that arrange in pairs are located the relative both ends on the length direction of workstation 8 respectively, the length direction of workstation 8 is parallel with the primary shaft, both ends on the length direction of workstation 8 all set up a plurality of first mounting holes 801, all first mounting holes 801 are the multirow and arrange, all first mounting holes 801 that are in same row are in on the same straight line that parallels with the length direction of workstation 8, all first mounting holes 801 that are in same row are for arranging in proper order and for the equidistance distribution along the length direction of workstation 8, first anchor clamps 9 are installed on workstation 8 through a plurality of first bolts, each first bolt inserts respectively in a first mounting hole 801, adopt bolted connection, make things convenient for the dismouting between first anchor clamps 9 and the workstation 8, and then make things convenient for the regulation of first anchor clamps 9's position. The first clamps 9 are provided with a plurality of mounting positions on the workbench 8, and the distance between the two first clamps 9 arranged in pairs is adjustable so as to be suitable for clamping and fixing workpieces with different length sizes, so that the welding positioner can be compatible with workpieces with different sizes, and the universality is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the second clamp 10 is connected to the table 8 by a second bolt, a second mounting hole 802 through which the second bolt passes is provided in the table 8, a plurality of second mounting holes 802 are provided, and an axis of the second mounting hole 802 is parallel to the second axis. The position of the second clamp 10 on the table 8 is adjustable, and the distance between two second clamps 10 arranged oppositely is adjustable. The second clamps 10 are provided in plurality, the second clamps 10 are arranged in pairs, the workpiece is located between the two second clamps 10 arranged in pairs, and the two second clamps 10 arranged in pairs apply clamping force to the workpiece, so that the workpiece is fixed on the workbench 8. Two second anchor clamps 10 that arrange in pairs are located the relative both ends on the width direction of workstation 8 respectively, the width direction of workstation 8 is perpendicular with primary shaft and secondary shaft, both ends on the width direction of workstation 8 all set up a plurality of second mounting holes 802, all second mounting holes 802 are the multirow and arrange, all second mounting holes 802 that are in the same row are in the same straight line that parallels with the width direction of workstation 8, all second mounting holes 802 that are in the same row are for arranging in proper order and for the equidistance along the width direction of workstation 8 and distribute, second anchor clamps 10 are installed on workstation 8 through a plurality of second bolts, each second bolt inserts respectively in a second mounting hole 802, adopt bolted connection, make things convenient for the dismouting between second anchor clamps 10 and the workstation 8, and then make things convenient for the regulation of second anchor clamps 10's position. The second clamps 10 have a plurality of mounted positions on workstation 8, and the distance between two second clamps 10 that arrange in pairs is adjustable to be suitable for the clamp of the work piece of different width sizes fixed, thereby make positioner can be compatible not unidimensional work piece, improve the commonality.
Preferably, the first clamp 9 and the second clamp 10 are both hydraulic clamps and are fully automated hydraulic clamps. The structure of the hydraulic clamp is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. Two oil ports of the hydraulic clamp have different oil inlet and outlet characteristics at different stages, in the clamping stroke stage, the oil port close to the front end of the hydraulic push rod is an oil outlet, the rear oil port is an oil inlet, and in the unloading stroke stage, the oil outlet and the rear oil port are opposite; the clamping and unloading stages are completed by related control systems, so that the clamping stroke and the clamping force of the hydraulic push rod can be controlled more accurately, the time consumption for mounting and positioning is greatly reduced, and the welding efficiency is obviously improved.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, two first jigs 9 are provided, four second jigs 10 are provided, one first jig 9 is provided at each end of the table 8 in the longitudinal direction, and two second jigs 10 are provided at each end of the table 8 in the width direction.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the motor base 701 is located below the turning support 5, the motor base 701 is fixedly connected with the turning support 5 at a middle position in the length direction of the turning support 5, the length direction of the turning support 5 is parallel to the length direction of the workbench 8, the width direction of the turning support 5 is parallel to the width direction of the workbench 8, the workbench 8 is in a cross-shaped structure, and the workbench 8 is located above the turning support 5.
The invention also provides a workpiece welding method, which adopts the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner with the structure and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a box outer frame on a workbench 8 of a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner, and then positioning a box inner baffle 16 inside the box outer frame;
s2, the box outer frame is in a first horizontal posture, then the baffle 16 in the box body is welded with the bottom plate 13 of the box outer frame, and then the first reinforcing rib plate 18 is welded with the box outer frame;
s3, rotating the box outer frame by the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner to enable the box outer frame to be in a second horizontal posture, and then welding the baffle 16 in the box body and the first side plate 11 of the box outer frame;
s4, the double-shaft head-tail automatic welding positioner rotates the box outer frame, the box outer frame is in a third horizontal posture, then the box inner baffle 16 and the second side plate 12 of the box outer frame are welded, the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 are arranged oppositely, and the box inner baffle 16 is located between the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12.
As shown in fig. 5, the workpiece is a box part, the box part includes a box outer frame and a box inner baffle 16 connected to the box outer frame, a first reinforcing rib plate 18 and a second reinforcing rib plate 19, the box outer frame is of a rectangular frame structure, the box outer frame includes a bottom plate 13 and a first side plate 11 vertically disposed on the bottom plate 13, a second side plate 12, a first end plate 14 and a second end plate 15, the bottom plate 13 is a rectangular flat plate, the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 are oppositely disposed, the first end plate 14 and the second end plate 15 are respectively fixedly connected to two ends of the bottom plate 13 in the length direction, the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 are oppositely disposed, the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 are respectively fixedly connected to two opposite ends of the bottom plate 13 in the width direction, two ends of the first side plate 11 in the length direction are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the first end plate 14 and one end of the second end plate 15, and two ends of the second end plate 12 in the length direction are respectively fixedly connected to the other end plate 14 and the second end plate 15. Baffle 16 is located the interior cavity of box frame in the box, baffle 16 is located between first curb plate 11 and the second curb plate 12 in the box, baffle 16 also is located between first end plate 14 and the second end plate 15 in the box, baffle 16 is mutually perpendicular with bottom plate 13 in the box, baffle 16 sets up a plurality ofly in the box, baffle 16 arranges in proper order for the length direction along bottom plate 13 in all boxes, baffle 16, first curb plate 11, second curb plate 12 in the box, first end plate 14 and second end plate 15 are located the same one side of bottom plate 13. In the process of manufacturing box type parts, a box inner baffle 16 needs to be welded with a first side plate 11, a second side plate 12 and a bottom plate 13, a first reinforcing rib plate 18 needs to be welded with a first end plate 14, a second reinforcing rib plate 19 needs to be welded with a second end plate 15, the box inner baffle 16 is welded with the first side plate 11, the second side plate 12 and the bottom plate 13, the first reinforcing rib plate 18 is welded with the first end plate 14, and the second reinforcing rib plate 19 is welded with the second end plate 15.
In above-mentioned step S1, place the box frame on the locating surface of workstation 8, workstation 8 was the horizontality this moment, the length direction and the width direction of workstation 8 are the horizontal direction, the locating surface is the top surface of workstation 8, then press from both sides tight box frame by first anchor clamps 9 and second anchor clamps 10, two first anchor clamps 9 that arrange in pairs are located the relative both ends on the length direction of box frame respectively, two first anchor clamps 9 that arrange in pairs contact with first end plate 14 and second end plate 15 respectively, two second anchor clamps 10 that arrange in pairs are located the relative both ends on the width direction of box frame respectively, two second anchor clamps 10 that arrange in pairs contact with first curb plate 11 and second curb plate 12 respectively. After the box outer frame is fixed, all the internal baffles 16 in the box are placed in the inner cavity of the box outer frame, all the internal baffles 16 in the box are positioned between the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12, all the internal baffles 16 in the box are also positioned between the first end plate 14 and the second end plate 15, at this time, the internal baffles 16 in the box are in a vertical state, the internal baffles 16 in the box are parallel to the first end plate 14 and the second end plate 15, and the internal baffles 16 in the box are perpendicular to the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12; and then, positioning the baffle 16 in the box body by using the positioning bracket, so that the baffle 16 in the box body is fixed in the inner cavity of the outer frame of the box body.
As shown in fig. 6, the positioning bracket has a first positioning groove 20 and a second positioning groove 21, the baffle 16 in the box body is a rectangular flat plate, the first positioning groove 20 and the second positioning groove 21 are used for inserting the baffle 16 in the box body, the first positioning groove 20 and the second positioning groove 21 are rectangular grooves, and the length direction of the first positioning groove 20 is perpendicular to the length direction of the second positioning groove 21. First constant head tank 20 and second constant head tank 21 all set up two, and the length direction of two first constant head tanks 20 parallels, and two second constant head tanks 21 are in same straight line, and the locating support can be fixed a position baffle 16 in two adjacent boxes simultaneously. Set up the magnet that is used for adsorbing the box frame on the locating support, fix the locating support inside the box frame through absorbent mode, make things convenient for the dismouting. In the step S1, the plurality of positioning brackets are used for positioning the baffle 16 in the box body, the top of the baffle 16 in the box body is embedded into one first positioning groove 20 or two second positioning grooves 21 of the positioning brackets, the bottom surface of the baffle 16 in the box body is attached to the bottom plate 13, the positioning brackets are vertically placed in the inner cavity of the box body outer frame, and the magnet is adsorbed on the bottom plate 13 of the box body outer frame, so that the positioning brackets are fixed in the inner cavity of the box body outer frame. Through adopting the locating support, location convenient operation is simple, avoids baffle position removal in the welding process box, helps improving welding quality.
In the above step S2, when the box outer frame is in the first horizontal posture, the length direction and the width direction of the box outer frame are both horizontal directions, the bottom plate 13 is attached to the positioning surface of the working table 8, then the welding robot 17 welds the bottom plates 13 of all the box inner baffles 16 and the box outer frame, the welding seam at the joint of the bottom plate 13 and the box inner baffles 16 is a horizontal welding seam, and after the welding of the box inner baffles 16 and the bottom plate 13 is completed, the first reinforcing rib plate 18 is welded to the first end plate 14 of the box outer frame.
In the step S3, the turning support 5 drives the rotary displacement device 7 and the box outer frame thereon to rotate 90 degrees along the first direction, so that the box outer frame is in the second horizontal posture, at this time, the width direction of the box outer frame is parallel to the second axis, the box inner baffle 16 and the bottom plate 13 are in the vertical state, the second side plate 12 is located above the box inner baffle 16, the first side plate 11 is located below the box inner baffle 16, then the box inner baffles 16 and the first side plates 11 of the box outer frame are welded, the first side plate 11 and the second side plates 12 are in the horizontal state, and the welding seam at the joint of the first side plate 11 and the box inner baffle 16 is a horizontal welding seam.
The step S4 includes:
s401, enabling the box outer frame to rotate by 90 degrees around a first shaft by the aid of a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner;
s402, rotating the outer frame of the box body by 180 degrees around a second shaft by the double-shaft head-tail automatic welding positioner;
s403, enabling the outer frame of the box body to rotate by 90 degrees around the first shaft by the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner, and enabling the outer frame of the box body to be in a third horizontal posture;
s404, welding the baffle 16 in the box body and the second side plate 12 of the box body outer frame.
In step S401, the turning bracket 5 drives the rotary displacement device 7 and the box outer frame thereon to rotate 90 degrees along the second direction, so that the box outer frame is in a horizontal state. The first direction and the second direction are opposite directions, and if the first direction is a counterclockwise direction, the second direction is a clockwise direction.
In step S402, the rotary displacement device 7 drives the box outer frame to rotate 180 degrees around the second axis, and then the second reinforcing rib plate 19 is welded to the second end plate 15 of the box outer frame.
In the step S403, after the turning support 5 drives the rotary displacement device 7 and the box outer frame thereon to rotate 90 degrees along the first direction, the box outer frame is in a third horizontal posture, at this time, the width direction of the box outer frame is parallel to the second axis, the baffle 16 and the bottom plate 13 in the box are in a vertical state, the second side plate 12 is located below the baffle 16 in the box, and the first side plate 11 is located above the baffle 16 in the box.
In the step S404, all the baffles 16 in the box body and the second side plate 12 of the box body outer frame are welded, the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 are in a horizontal state, and the welding seam at the joint of the second side plate 12 and the baffles 16 in the box body is a horizontal welding seam.
And after welding is finished, all the positioning supports are taken out, the first clamp and the second clamp are loosened, and finally the workpiece is taken down from the workbench.
The baffle 16 is the rectangle sheet metal in the box, and the welding seam of box class part is the linear type, lets the welding seam be in horizontal gesture when guaranteeing the welding and can obtain best welding quality, so when baffle 16 and bottom plate 13 in the welding box, should guarantee that the welding seam at this moment keeps horizontal gesture to also let it keep the level when baffle 16 and two curb plates in the welding box. However, since both side plates are in a vertical state when the welding seam of the bottom plate 13 is horizontal, the side plate must be turned by 90 degrees after the welding of the inner panel 16 and the bottom plate 13 is completed in order to obtain an optimum welding position during the welding. It should be noted that, although the two side plates of the thin plate are both in a horizontal state after the box body is turned over by 90 degrees, the side plate above cannot complete welding, the welding wire melted by the horizontal welding line above during welding will drop, and a stable molten pool cannot be formed, so that the welding quality is greatly reduced, and therefore, the posture of the outer frame of the box body needs to be adjusted.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the invention are not limited in this respect. Any insubstantial improvements over the methods and technical solutions of the present invention; the above-mentioned conception and technical solutions of the present invention may be directly applied to other fields without any improvement, and all of them are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The workpiece welding method is characterized in that a double-shaft head and tail type automatic welding positioner is adopted, the double-shaft head and tail type automatic welding positioner comprises an overturning bracket, a workbench, a rotary position changing device, a first clamp and a second clamp, the overturning bracket is arranged around a first shaft in a rotating mode, the workbench is used for placing a workpiece, the rotary position changing device is arranged on the overturning bracket and used for driving the workbench to rotate around a second shaft, the first clamp and the second clamp are arranged on the workbench and used for clamping the workpiece, the rotary position changing device is connected with the workbench, and the first shaft is perpendicular to the second shaft;
the workpiece welding method comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a box outer frame on a workbench of a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner, and then positioning a baffle in the box inside the box outer frame;
s2, the box outer frame is in a first horizontal posture, then the baffle in the box body is welded with a bottom plate of the box outer frame, and then the first reinforcing rib plate is welded with the box outer frame;
s3, rotating the box outer frame by the double-shaft head-tail automatic welding positioner to enable the box outer frame to be in a second horizontal posture, and then welding the baffle in the box body and the first side plate of the box outer frame;
s4, rotating the box outer frame by the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner to enable the box outer frame to be in a third horizontal posture, and then welding a baffle in the box and a second side plate of the box outer frame, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged, and the baffle in the box is positioned between the first side plate and the second side plate;
the workpiece is a box part, the box part comprises a box outer frame, a box inner baffle connected with the box outer frame, a first reinforcing rib plate and a second reinforcing rib plate, the box outer frame is of a rectangular frame structure, the box outer frame comprises a bottom plate and a first side plate, a second side plate, a first end plate and a second end plate which are vertically arranged on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is a rectangular flat plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the bottom plate in the length direction, the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged, the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively and fixedly connected with two opposite ends of the bottom plate in the width direction, two ends of the first side plate in the length direction are respectively and fixedly connected with one ends of the first end plate and the second end plate, and two ends of the second side plate in the length direction are respectively and fixedly connected with the other ends of the first end plate and the second end plate;
in step S1, a box outer frame is placed on a positioning surface of a workbench, the workbench is in a horizontal state at the moment, both the length direction and the width direction of the workbench are in the horizontal direction, the positioning surface is the top surface of the workbench, then the box outer frame is clamped by a first clamp and a second clamp, the two first clamps arranged in pair are respectively located at two opposite ends of the box outer frame in the length direction, the two first clamps arranged in pair are respectively in contact with a first end plate and a second end plate, the two second clamps arranged in pair are respectively located at two opposite ends of the box outer frame in the width direction, and the two second clamps arranged in pair are respectively in contact with a first side plate and a second side plate;
after the box outer frame is fixed, all the internal baffles in the box are placed in the inner cavity of the box outer frame, the internal baffles in the box are positioned between the first side plate and the second side plate, the internal baffles in the box are also positioned between the first end plate and the second end plate, at the moment, the internal baffles in the box are in a vertical state, the internal baffles in the box are parallel to the first end plate and the second end plate, and the internal baffles in the box are perpendicular to the first side plate and the second side plate; then, positioning the baffle inside the box body by using a positioning bracket so that the baffle inside the box body is fixed in the inner cavity of the outer frame of the box body;
the box body inner baffles are arranged in a plurality of numbers, all the box body inner baffles are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the box body inner baffles, the first side plate, the second side plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are positioned on the same side of the bottom plate;
the positioning support is provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove, the baffle in the box body is a rectangular flat plate, the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are used for allowing the baffle in the box body to be inserted, the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are rectangular grooves, and the length direction of the first positioning groove is perpendicular to the length direction of the second positioning groove; the two first positioning grooves and the two second positioning grooves are arranged, the length directions of the two first positioning grooves are parallel, the two second positioning grooves are positioned on the same straight line, and the positioning support positions the baffles in the two adjacent box bodies at the same time;
the positioning bracket is provided with a magnet for adsorbing the box body outer frame, and the positioning bracket is fixed inside the box body outer frame in an adsorption mode; in the step S1, a plurality of positioning supports are used for positioning the baffle in the box body, the top of the baffle in the box body is embedded into one first positioning groove or two second positioning grooves of the positioning supports, the bottom surface of the baffle in the box body is attached to the bottom plate, the positioning supports are vertically placed in the inner cavity of the outer frame of the box body, and the magnets are adsorbed on the bottom plate of the outer frame of the box body to enable the positioning supports to be fixed in the inner cavity of the outer frame of the box body;
the step S4 includes:
s401, enabling the box outer frame to rotate by 90 degrees around a first shaft by the aid of a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner;
s402, rotating the outer frame of the box body for 180 degrees around a second shaft by a double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner;
s403, rotating the outer frame of the box body by 90 degrees around the first shaft by the double-shaft head-tail type automatic welding positioner to enable the outer frame of the box body to be in a third horizontal posture;
s404, welding the baffle in the box body and a second side plate of the outer frame of the box body;
in step S401, after the turning bracket drives the rotary displacement device and the box outer frame thereon to rotate 90 degrees along a second direction, the box outer frame is in a horizontal state, and the first direction and the second direction are opposite;
in step S402, the rotary displacement device drives the box outer frame to rotate 180 degrees around the second axis, and then the second reinforcing rib plate is welded to the second end plate of the box outer frame;
in step S403, after the turning bracket drives the rotary displacement device and the box outer frame thereon to rotate 90 degrees along the first direction, the box outer frame is in a third horizontal posture, at this time, the width direction of the box outer frame is parallel to the second axis, the baffle and the bottom plate in the box are in a vertical state, the second side plate is located below the baffle in the box, and the first side plate is located above the baffle in the box;
in step S404, welding all the internal baffles of the box body and the second side plate of the external frame of the box body, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are in a horizontal state, and the welding seam at the joint of the second side plate and the internal baffles of the box body is a horizontal welding seam;
the first clamp is connected with the workbench through a first bolt, a plurality of first mounting holes for the first bolt to pass through are formed in the workbench, the position of the first clamp on the workbench can be adjusted, and the distance between two first clamps which are oppositely arranged can be adjusted;
the first clamps are arranged in pairs, the workpiece is positioned between the two first clamps arranged in pairs, and the two first clamps arranged in pairs apply clamping force to the workpiece so that the workpiece is fixed on the workbench; the workbench is provided with a positioning surface which is in contact with the workpiece, the positioning surface is a plane parallel to the first shaft, and the positioning surface is vertical to the second shaft;
the first mounting holes are round holes arranged on the positioning surface, the axes of the first mounting holes are parallel to the second shaft, two first fixtures arranged in pairs are respectively positioned at two opposite ends of the workbench in the length direction, the length direction of the workbench is parallel to the first shaft, a plurality of first mounting holes are arranged at two ends of the workbench in the length direction, all the first mounting holes are arranged in a plurality of rows, all the first mounting holes in the same row are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the length direction of the workbench, all the first mounting holes in the same row are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the workbench and are distributed at equal intervals, the first fixtures are mounted on the workbench through a plurality of first bolts, and each first bolt is respectively inserted into one first mounting hole;
the second clamp is connected with the workbench through a second bolt, a plurality of second mounting holes for the second bolt to pass through are formed in the workbench, the position of the second clamp on the workbench can be adjusted, and the distance between two oppositely arranged second clamps can be adjusted;
the second clamps are arranged in pairs, the workpiece is positioned between the two second clamps arranged in pairs, and the two second clamps arranged in pairs apply clamping force to the workpiece so that the workpiece is fixed on the workbench; two second anchor clamps that arrange in pairs are located the relative both ends on the width direction of workstation respectively, the width direction of workstation is mutually perpendicular with primary shaft and second shaft, both ends on the width direction of workstation all set up a plurality of second mounting holes, all second mounting holes are the multirow and arrange, all second mounting holes that are in same row are in on the same straight line that parallels with the width direction of workstation, all second mounting holes that are in same row are for arranging in proper order and for the equidistance distribution along the width direction of workstation, the second anchor clamps are installed on the workstation through a plurality of second bolts, each second bolt inserts respectively in a second mounting hole.
2. The workpiece welding method according to claim 1, wherein in step S402, the second reinforcing rib plate is welded to the outer frame of the box body.
3. The workpiece welding method according to claim 1, wherein the rotary displacement device comprises a motor base connected with the overturning bracket and a displacement motor arranged on the motor base and used for driving the workbench to rotate.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the rotary indexing device further comprises a primary rotary disk connected to the indexing motor and a secondary rotary disk connected to the primary rotary disk, the secondary rotary disk being connected to the table.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the rotary indexing device further comprises a motor rear cover disposed on the indexing motor, the primary rotating disk is disposed between the motor rear cover and the secondary rotating disk, and an oil storage tank for storing a lubricating medium is disposed on the motor rear cover.
6. A method for welding workpieces according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein two first jigs are provided, and one first jig is provided at each of both ends of the work table in the longitudinal direction.
7. The workpiece welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein four second jigs are provided, and two second jigs are provided at each of both ends of the table in the width direction.
8. The method of welding workpieces according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first clamp and the second clamp are both hydraulic clamps.
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| CN114378523A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-22 | 南通科邦机械有限公司 | Welding positioner |
| CN114535912A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-05-27 | 山东核电设备制造有限公司 | Automatic welding device and welding method for air guide plate for nuclear power |
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| JPH05208309A (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-08-20 | Souki Kogyo Kk | Automatic cutting device of welding groove and excess weld metal deposit and the like in column body of box structure |
| JPH10211573A (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1998-08-11 | Nippon Kokan Light Steel Kk | Automatic welding equipment for metallic box structure |
| CN104759799B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-06-29 | 中国重汽集团成都王牌商用车有限公司 | Engineering cargo floor general assembly and welding method |
| CN204934998U (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2016-01-06 | 沈阳维顶机器人有限公司 | Double-shaft double-station servo weld positioner |
| CN105127652B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-09-26 | 青岛艾斯达特智能焊接设备有限公司 | A kind of flip horizontal positioner and its application method |
| CN105414868A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-23 | 天津沐森机电技术有限公司 | Positioner used to weld vehicle fuel tank longitudinal seam |
| CN206241566U (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-06-13 | 北京华巍中兴电气有限公司 | A kind of formula twin shaft positioner end to end |
| CN206966961U (en) * | 2017-06-11 | 2018-02-06 | 湖南蓝天机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of Liftable type dual AC power positioner |
| CN108000013A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-08 | 株洲天自动焊接装备有限公司 | Frame positioner end to end for box parts automatic welding flow production line |
| CN108436374A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-08-24 | 华翔翔能电气股份有限公司 | Oil tank of transformer automatic welding positioner |
| CN109128670A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-04 | 珠海仕高玛机械设备有限公司 | A kind of automatic turning device of side wall gusset frame welding |
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