CN113820620A - Fault analysis method and fault analysis device for power supply system - Google Patents
Fault analysis method and fault analysis device for power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/54—Testing for continuity
Abstract
A fault analysis method and a fault analysis device of a power supply system are provided, wherein the fault analysis method of the power supply system comprises the following steps: acquiring a zero ground loop resistance, a zero ground voltage and a three-phase voltage of the power supply system; judging whether the zero ground loop resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter; and judging whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults or not according to the abnormal conditions of the zero ground loop resistor, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage. When a power supply system has a fault, the fault can be comprehensively analyzed according to the most intuitive and obvious zero ground loop resistance, zero ground voltage and three-phase voltage according to the change by the detection method.
Description
Technical Field
The present application belongs to the technical field of power supply systems, and in particular, to a fault analysis method and a fault analysis apparatus for a power supply system.
Background
In a power supply system, various ground fault and open circuit faults are systematic potential safety hazards (defects) which can cause the abnormality of the whole power supply station area and can cause large-scale electrical fire and electric shock risks, and the main technical measure for preventing the electrical safety hazards at present is to adopt a low-voltage air switch or an air switch with an RCD (residual current device) function, wherein once the switch fails or faults occur at a position of a main line above the air switch, the air switch loses the protection function, the faults can exist for a long time until the electrical fire or electric shock accidents occur, the faults can be found in later accident investigation, and the occurrence of the electrical safety accidents can be effectively reduced by timely finding and early warning the faults.
In the prior art, a method for detecting a fault of a power supply system in real time exists, but from the actual situation, the actual power supply system is flexible in operation mode and complex in network, and the fault detection method in the prior art is complex in parameters and difficult to detect and identify quickly, such as fault current transient state, steady state, harmonic wave and the like, so that the existing fault detection method can be used for correcting and debugging a large amount of faults in practical application, and the final detection accuracy is low and the use limitation is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a fault analysis method and a fault analysis device of a power supply system, and aims to solve the problems of low accuracy and large limitation existing in the traditional fault detection method.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for analyzing a fault of a power supply system, including: acquiring a zero ground loop resistance, a zero ground voltage and a three-phase voltage of the power supply system; judging whether the zero ground loop resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter; and judging whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults or not according to the abnormal conditions of the zero ground loop resistor, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage.
In an embodiment, the determining whether the zero ground circuit resistance, the zero ground voltage, and the three-phase voltage are abnormal according to a preset parameter range of each parameter includes: comparing the acquired zero ground loop resistance with the corresponding preset standard parameter, wherein if the zero ground loop resistance exceeds a preset parameter range, the zero ground loop resistance is abnormal, and if the zero ground loop resistance does not exceed the preset parameter range, the zero ground loop resistance is normal.
In an embodiment, the determining whether the zero ground circuit resistance, the zero ground voltage, and the three-phase voltage are abnormal according to a preset parameter range of each parameter includes: and calculating the voltage difference between the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage in the collected three-phase voltages, comparing the voltage difference with the corresponding preset parameter range, and if the voltage difference exceeds the preset parameter range, the three-phase voltages are unbalanced, and if the voltage difference does not exceed the preset parameter range, the three-phase voltages are balanced.
In an embodiment, the determining whether the zero ground circuit resistance, the zero ground voltage, and the three-phase voltage are abnormal according to a preset parameter range of each parameter includes: comparing the zero ground voltage with the corresponding preset parameter range, wherein the zero ground voltage is abnormal if the zero ground voltage exceeds the preset parameter range, and the zero ground voltage is normal if the zero ground voltage does not exceed the preset parameter range.
In an embodiment, the determining, according to the abnormal conditions of the zero-ground loop resistor, the zero-ground voltage, and the three-phase voltage, whether the phase line, the zero line, and the transformer in the power supply system have a fault includes: and if the zero ground loop resistance is abnormal and the three-phase voltage is unbalanced, the zero line has a fault.
In an embodiment, the determining, according to the abnormal conditions of the zero-ground loop resistor, the zero-ground voltage, and the three-phase voltage, whether the phase line, the zero line, and the transformer in the power supply system have a fault includes: and if the zero-ground loop resistance is normal and the zero-ground voltage is abnormal, the phase line has a ground fault.
In an embodiment, a plurality of detection modules for fault analysis are arranged on a power transmission line of the power supply system, and determining whether a phase line, a zero line and a transformer in the power supply system have faults according to the abnormal conditions of the zero-ground loop resistor, the zero-ground voltage and the three-phase voltage includes: if each detection module detects that the zero ground loop resistance is abnormal and the three-phase voltage is balanced, the neutral point grounding circuit of the transformer has a fault.
In one embodiment, if only a part of the detection modules detect that the zero ground loop is abnormal in resistance and the three-phase voltages are balanced, the ground lines of the part of the detection modules have faults.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a fault analysis device for a power supply system, including: the acquisition unit is used for acquiring zero ground loop resistance, zero ground voltage and three-phase voltage of the power supply system; the first analysis unit is used for judging whether the zero ground loop resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter; and the second analysis unit is used for judging whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults or not according to the abnormal conditions of the zero ground loop resistor, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a fault analysis apparatus for a power supply system, including: a terminal device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the fault analysis method as described above when executing the computer program.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: when a power supply system has a fault, the fault can be comprehensively analyzed according to the most intuitive and obvious zero ground loop resistance, zero ground voltage and three-phase voltage according to the change by the detection method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fault analysis method according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fault analysis apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fault analysis apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a fault analysis method of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the fault analysis method includes:
s100, acquiring zero ground loop resistance, zero ground voltage and three-phase voltage of a power supply system.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, the power supply system in this embodiment is provided with a detection module 10, the detection module 10 includes a zero ground resistance detection module 11 and a voltage detection module 12, the zero ground resistance detection module 11 is connected with a zero line for acquiring a zero ground loop resistance Rloop, and the voltage detection module 12 is connected with the zero line and a power supply line respectively for acquiring a zero line voltage and a three-phase voltage on the power supply line.
S200, judging whether the zero ground loop resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter.
The preset parameter range of each parameter is the normal variation range of each corresponding parameter when the power supply system works normally, and the preset parameter range can be set and modified according to actual conditions.
In this embodiment, the power supply system is a three-phase power supply system, the three-phase voltage includes a load terminal end voltage Ura, a load terminal end voltage Urb and a load terminal end voltage Urc in a power supply line, before the state of the three-phase voltage is determined, a voltage difference between a maximum voltage and a minimum voltage among the three load terminal end voltage Ura, the load terminal end voltage Urb and the load terminal end voltage Urc is calculated, the voltage difference is used for comparing with a preset parameter range, and whether the three-phase voltage is balanced or not can be determined more clearly by comparing the voltage difference with the preset parameter range.
In the embodiment, the preset parameter range of the zero ground loop resistance Rloop is set to be 0-8 omega, when the collected zero ground loop resistance Rloop is larger than 8 omega, the zero ground loop resistance Rloop is considered to be abnormal, otherwise, the zero ground loop resistance Rloop is considered to be normal; the normal relatively-safe voltage is 36V, so that the preset parameter range of the zero-ground voltage Uen is set to be 0-36V, when the collected zero-ground voltage Uen is higher than 36V, the zero-ground voltage Uen is considered to be abnormal, otherwise, the zero-ground voltage Uen is considered to be normal; the voltage of a power supply line which can be normally obtained according to the condition that the deviation of 220V single-phase power supply voltage is + 7% and-10% of a nominal voltage is 198V-236V, and the allowable value of the normal voltage unbalance degree of a public connection point of a power supply system is 2% and can not exceed 4% in a short time, so that the absolute value of the voltage difference which is theoretically specified by a calculation formula of 236V 4% and 9.416V is 9.416V at most, but in order to increase the fault tolerance rate, a preset reference range of the absolute value of the voltage difference is set to be 0-20V, if the absolute value of the voltage difference obtained through calculation is larger than 20V, the three-phase voltage is considered to be unbalanced, and otherwise, the three-phase voltage is considered to be balanced.
S300, judging whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults or not according to the abnormal conditions of the zero ground loop resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage.
In this embodiment, a first formula can be obtained according to the power supply system: rloop ═ Rne + Re + Rfn, second formula: ura ═ Ua ═ Ra/(Ra + Rfn), third formula: urb Rb/(Rb + Rfn), fourth formula: urc ═ Uc × Rc/(Rc + Rfn) and a fifth formula: uen ═ Ua ═ Rne/(Rne + Rfa).
Wherein Rloop is a zero ground loop resistor, Rne is a neutral point ground resistor of the transformer, Re is a detection ground resistor of the detection module 10, and Rfn is a zero line resistor; ura, Urb and Urc are respectively the load end phase voltages of the A phase, the B phase and the C phase, Ua, Ub and Uc are three secondary winding phase voltages of a transformer, and Ra, Rb and Rc are the loads of all phases of a power supply system; uen is the voltage between the earth and the zero line, i.e. the zero-earth voltage, Ua, Rfa can be replaced by Ub, Rfb or Uc, Rfc, Rfa, Rfb and Rfc are the phase line grounding equivalent resistances of A phase, B phase and C phase respectively.
It should be noted that, under normal conditions, the phase-line grounding equivalent resistor Rfa of the phase a, the phase-line grounding equivalent resistor Rfb of the phase B, and the phase-line grounding equivalent resistor Rfc of the phase C are infinite; under normal conditions, the zero line resistor Rfn is approximately equal to 0, the zero line resistor Rfn is far smaller than the loads Ra, Rb and Rc of each phase, taking the phase A as an example, namely Rfn < < Ra, Ra/(Ra + Rfn) ≈ 1, then Ura is approximately equal to Ua can be obtained according to the second formula, Urb approximately equal to Ub and Urc approximately equal to Uc can be obtained according to the third formula and the fourth formula in the same way, and under normal conditions, Ua is approximately equal to Ub and Uc, Ura is approximately equal to Urb approximately equal to Urc can be obtained.
When the power supply system has a fault, for example, the phase a is grounded, the value of the phase line grounding equivalent resistance Rfa of the phase a is reduced from the infinite value in normal state to a smaller value; according to the first formula, the zero-ground loop resistance Rloop is not affected by the phase line grounding equivalent resistance Rfa, namely the zero-ground loop resistance Rloop is kept normal; according to the fifth formula, the zero-ground voltage Uen increases with the decrease of the phase-ground equivalent resistance Rfa until the zero-ground voltage Uen exceeds the preset parameter range, that is, the zero-ground voltage Uen is abnormal; when the abnormal condition obtained in step S200 is that the zero-ground loop resistor Rloop is normal and the zero-ground voltage Uen is abnormal, it may be determined that the phase-line ground fault occurs in the power supply system according to the abnormal condition obtained in step S200.
When a power supply system has a fault, for example, the zero line is broken or partially damaged, the zero line resistor Rfn is increased from a value which is approximately equal to 0 under a normal condition to a certain resistor, and Ra/(Ra + Rfn) ≠ 1; according to the first formula, the zero-ground loop resistance Rloop can rise along with the zero line resistance Rfn until the zero-ground loop resistance Rloop exceeds the preset parameter range, namely the zero-ground loop resistance Rloop is abnormal; in practical situations, because the values of the loads Ra, Rb and Rc of each item are different greatly and are in dynamic change, when Ra/(Ra + Rfn) ≠ 1, Ura ≠ Urb ≠ Urc can be deduced according to the second formula, the third formula and the fourth formula, and the zero line resistor Rfn is increased to cause the voltage difference among the voltages Ura, Urb and Urc of the three load terminals to be increased until the voltage difference exceeds a preset parameter range, namely three-phase voltage unbalance; when the abnormal condition obtained in the step S200 is that the zero ground loop resistance Rloop is abnormal and the three-phase voltages are unbalanced, it may be determined that the zero line of the power supply system has a fault according to the abnormal condition obtained in the step S200. Because the current of the zero line is large, the zero line resistor Rfn is easy to be abnormal, and further the zero ground loop resistor Rloop is increased, but because the abnormal condition of the zero line resistor Rfn generally has little influence on the power supply system, when the fault of the zero line is judged, the preset parameter range of the zero ground loop resistor Rloop can be set to be larger, for example, 0-100 Ω.
When a power supply system has a fault, for example, a neutral point grounding circuit of the transformer is broken or partially damaged, the neutral point grounding resistance Rne of the transformer is increased; according to a first formula, the zero ground loop resistance Rloop can be obtained and is increased along with the increase of the neutral point grounding resistance Rne of the transformer; according to the second formula, the third formula and the fourth formula, the neutral point grounding resistance Rne of the transformer does not influence the three-phase voltage; it should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, three detection modules 10 are provided in the present embodiment, each detection module 10 can detect a zero ground loop resistor Rloop, a zero ground voltage Uen, a load end terminal voltage Ura of the a phase, a load end terminal voltage Urb of the B phase, and a load end terminal voltage Urc of the C phase in the power supply system, and the three detection modules 10 are grounded through different detection ground resistors Re, respectively; if only one detection module 10 is arranged and the only detection module 10 has a fault, the detection ground resistance Re in the first formula is increased, and the abnormal conditions of the zero ground loop resistance Rloop abnormality and the three-phase voltage balance also occur, so that the more the detection modules 10 are, the more accurate the obtained abnormal conditions are; therefore, only when all the detection modules 10 simultaneously detect that the zero ground loop resistance Rloop is abnormal and the three-phase voltages are balanced, it can be determined that the neutral point grounding line of the transformer has a fault according to the abnormal condition obtained in step S200, and if only part of the detection modules 10 detect that the zero ground loop resistance Rloop is abnormal and the three-phase voltages are balanced, it indicates that the grounding line of the part of the detection modules 10 has a fault.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a fault analysis apparatus provided in a second embodiment of the present invention, which is detailed as follows:
a fault analysis device of a power supply system, comprising: an acquisition unit 21, a first analysis unit 22 and a second analysis unit 23.
The acquisition unit 21 is used for acquiring a zero ground loop resistor Rloop, a zero ground voltage Uen and a three-phase voltage of the power supply system.
The first analysis unit 22 is configured to determine whether the ground zero loop resistance Rloop, the ground zero voltage Uen, and the three-phase voltage are abnormal according to a preset parameter range of each parameter.
The second analysis unit 23 is configured to determine whether a fault occurs in a phase line, a zero line, and a transformer in the power supply system according to the zero ground loop resistance Rloop, the zero ground voltage Uen, and the abnormal condition of the three-phase voltage.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a fault analysis apparatus provided in a third embodiment of the present invention, which is detailed as follows:
a fault analysis device comprising: the terminal device 30, the terminal device 30 includes a memory 32, a processor 31, and a computer program 33 stored in the memory 32 and executable on the processor 31, and the processor 31 implements the fault analysis method of the power supply system as the first embodiment when executing the computer program 33. The processor 31 may be a single chip Microcomputer (MCU) or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and the memory 32 may be an internal storage Unit of the failure analysis apparatus, such as a hard disk or a memory of the failure analysis apparatus. The memory 32 may also be an external storage device of the failure analysis apparatus, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like provided on the failure analysis apparatus. Further, the memory 32 may also include both an internal storage unit of the failure analysis apparatus and an external storage device. The memory 32 is used for storing the computer program 33 and other programs and data required by the terminal device 30. The memory 32 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for analyzing a fault in a power supply system, comprising:
acquiring a zero ground loop resistance, a zero ground voltage and a three-phase voltage of the power supply system;
judging whether the zero ground loop resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter;
and judging whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults or not according to the abnormal conditions of the zero ground loop resistor, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage.
2. The method for analyzing the fault of the power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the zero ground circuit resistance, the zero ground voltage, and the three-phase voltage are abnormal according to a preset parameter range of each parameter comprises:
comparing the acquired zero ground loop resistance with the corresponding preset standard parameter, wherein if the zero ground loop resistance exceeds a preset parameter range, the zero ground loop resistance is abnormal, and if the zero ground loop resistance does not exceed the preset parameter range, the zero ground loop resistance is normal.
3. The method for analyzing the fault of the power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the determining whether the zero ground circuit resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter comprises:
and calculating the voltage difference between the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage in the collected three-phase voltages, comparing the voltage difference with the corresponding preset parameter range, and if the voltage difference exceeds the preset parameter range, the three-phase voltages are unbalanced, and if the voltage difference does not exceed the preset parameter range, the three-phase voltages are balanced.
4. The method for analyzing the fault of the power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the determining whether the zero ground circuit resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter comprises:
comparing the zero ground voltage with the corresponding preset parameter range, wherein the zero ground voltage is abnormal if the zero ground voltage exceeds the preset parameter range, and the zero ground voltage is normal if the zero ground voltage does not exceed the preset parameter range.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the determining whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults according to the abnormal conditions of the zero-ground loop resistance, the zero-ground voltage and the three-phase voltage comprises:
and if the zero ground loop resistance is abnormal and the three-phase voltage is unbalanced, the zero line has a fault.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the determining whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults according to the abnormal conditions of the zero-ground loop resistance, the zero-ground voltage and the three-phase voltage comprises:
and if the zero-ground loop resistance is normal and the zero-ground voltage is abnormal, the phase line has a ground fault.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of detection modules for fault analysis are disposed on the transmission line of the power supply system, and the determining whether the phase line, the zero line, and the transformer in the power supply system have faults according to the abnormal conditions of the zero-ground loop resistance, the zero-ground voltage, and the three-phase voltage includes:
if each detection module detects that the zero ground loop resistance is abnormal and the three-phase voltage is balanced, the neutral point grounding circuit of the transformer has a fault.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein if only a part of the detection modules detect that the zero-ground loop resistance is abnormal and the three-phase voltages are balanced, the grounding lines of the part of the detection modules have a fault.
9. A failure analysis device of a power supply system, characterized by comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring zero ground loop resistance, zero ground voltage and three-phase voltage of the power supply system;
the first analysis unit is used for judging whether the zero ground loop resistance, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage are abnormal or not according to the preset parameter range of each parameter;
and the second analysis unit is used for judging whether the phase line, the zero line and the transformer in the power supply system have faults or not according to the abnormal conditions of the zero ground loop resistor, the zero ground voltage and the three-phase voltage.
10. A failure analysis device of a power supply system, characterized by comprising: terminal device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the fault analysis method according to any of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.
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