CN113820367A - Electrochemical sensor for detecting new coronavirus in environment in real time and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Electrochemical sensor for detecting new coronavirus in environment in real time and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
An electrochemical sensor for real-time detection of new coronavirus in environment, its preparation method and application are disclosed. Preparing functional material MIP with specific recognition capability on the new coronavirus by using a free radical polymerization method by using the new coronavirus surface protein as a template; polishing a glassy carbon electrode by using alumina powder, washing the electrode by using deionized water, and coating a perfluorinated sulfonic acid-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer Nafion solution; dispersing the MIP material, performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain stable suspension, dripping the MIP dispersion liquid on a polished electrode, drying at room temperature, soaking, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor. The concentration range of the sensor for detecting the new coronavirus in the environment reaches 10ng/L-100ug/L, the accuracy rate reaches 84-89%, the sensor can be recycled after regeneration, and the accuracy rate of recycling reaches 88% -93%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrochemical sensor for detecting new coronavirus in environment in real time, namely, an electrochemical sensor is prepared by loading a functional material with selective recognition capability on the new coronavirus on an electrode, so that the new coronavirus in various environments can be detected in real time and can be reused after regeneration.
Background
The new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) epidemic caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) spreads in most countries and regions, the number of infected people reaches tens of millions, and great disasters are brought to public health and human development. In addition to infection in the population, the detection of new coronavirus in environmental samples is increasing, and the re-infection of the population with new coronavirus in the environment is increasing, which has become a new form of new coronavirus transmission. Therefore, the development of the detection of new coronaviruses in the environment is of great importance.
The current detection means of the new coronavirus mainly aims at human bodies and comprises a nucleic acid detection method, an immunological detection method, virus separation and identification and the like. The nucleic acid detection has high accuracy, and can show positive in early infection, related patents are more related, for example, a series of primer probe sets for detecting novel coronavirus are designed in the patent 'a novel coronavirus detection kit and a detection method thereof (CN 112048574A)'. However, the method is complicated and time-consuming in detection procedure, and has high requirements on sample storage, nucleic acid extraction, the skill level of operators and the operating environment. The patent "a rapid immunization method of novel coronavirus protein and its application (CN 202011529108.1)" discloses a novel coronavirus antibody detection test kit and a preparation method thereof, wherein the kit comprises a reagent 1 and a reagent 2 which are independently packaged, and the reagent 2 at least comprises latex particles coated with novel coronavirus protein and is used for generating antigen-antibody reaction with the novel coronavirus antibody in a sample to be detected so as to form agglutination to change turbidity and obtain the content of the novel coronavirus antibody in the sample to be detected. However, such methods have limited accuracy and slow detection, and often fail to achieve early diagnosis. Virus isolation methods require several days of culture and are less specific and less sensitive than nucleic acid detection methods. Moreover, the methods are mainly used for detecting the new coronavirus in the human body, and the method further reduces the usability due to the complex factors and a plurality of influencing factors in the environment. The development of a simple, convenient and rapid method with strong identification capability and high sensitivity, which is suitable for detecting the new coronavirus in the environment, has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to prepare an electrochemical sensor for detecting new coronavirus in environment, and the electrode can selectively identify the new coronavirus in various environments and can be used for real-time online detection of the new coronavirus in the environments such as air, water and the like.
The electrochemical sensor for detecting the new coronavirus in the environment in real time comprises a glassy carbon electrode and functional materials uniformly coated on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode, wherein the coating thickness is 0.14-1.4 mm; the functional material has the structure that the carbon nano tube is used as a substrate and is coated by polyacrylamide, and the surface layer of the polyacrylamide is inlaid with a new coronavirus surface western blot; the sensor can quantitatively detect the concentration of the new coronavirus in the environment, the detection range reaches 10ng/L-100ug/L, the accuracy rate reaches 84-89%, the sensor can be recycled after regeneration, and the accuracy rate of recycling reaches 88% -93%.
The invention provides a preparation method of the electrochemical sensor for detecting the new coronavirus in the environment in real time, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of loading a material with selective recognition capability on a new coronavirus on a glassy carbon electrode to prepare an electrochemical sensor for detecting the new coronavirus in the environment, detecting the new coronavirus in real time, and recycling the material after detection, wherein the scheme is as follows:
1) dissolving carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) in water to be dispersed into stable suspension, adding N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDAC), oscillating, centrifuging, and cleaning the precipitate. Adding new coronavirus surface protein into the precipitate, shaking, centrifuging, and washing the precipitate with deionized water. The mass ratio of CNTs-COOH to NHS is (3-12) to 1, and the mass ratio of CNTs-COOH to EDAC is (4-20) to 1; the mass ratio of the CNTs-COOH to the new coronavirus surface protein is (25-100): 1.
2) Adding Acrylamide (AAM), N' -methylene-bisacrylamide (NNMBA) and persulfate into the sediment obtained in the step 1) after resuspending, oscillating for 3-6 hours, centrifuging, and washing the sediment by deionized water. And adding the precipitate into a weak acid solution, oscillating for 3-12h, fully cleaning, and drying to remove water to obtain the Material (MIP) to be loaded on the electrode. The mass ratio of the CNTs-COOH to the AAM is (0.5-2) to 1; the mass ratio of CNTs-COOH to NNMBA is (0.2-1) to 1; the mass ratio of the CNTs-COOH to the persulfate is (3-15) to 1.
3) Polishing a glassy carbon electrode by using alumina powder, washing the electrode by using deionized water, and coating 0.4-0.7 uL/mm2Nafion (perfluorosulfonic acid-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer) solution (mass concentration of 0.1% -2%). Dispersing the MIP material obtained in the step 2) in a solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 2-30min to obtain a stable suspension, and taking 0.14-1.4 uL/mm2And (3) dropwise coating the MIP dispersion liquid on a polished electrode, airing at room temperature, soaking in a soaking solution for 2-30min, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor.
4) The prepared new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is used for detecting the new coronavirus in the actual water environment, and the operation scheme is as follows:
preparing new coronavirus solutions with different gradient concentrations, wherein the final concentrations are respectively 1ng/L-10ug/L, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solutions for 1-30min, then taking out and cleaning, reading the peak current by using a DPV (differential pulse width modulation) method in an electrochemical workstation, and establishing a standard curve between the protein concentration and the signal of the new coronavirus. In addition, the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is placed in a new coronavirus solution with unknown concentration, and the concentration of the new coronavirus is obtained according to the measured peak current and the standard curve. The concentration was additionally compared to a standard method (BCA kit) to determine the accuracy of the assay by this method.
5) The prepared new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is regenerated and recycled, and the operation scheme is as follows:
adding the new coronavirus into buffer solution to make the final concentration be 10ng/L-100ug/L, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 1-30min, taking out, cleaning, and reading the peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation. Placing the electrochemical sensor in alkaline hypochlorite to react for 5-60min, taking out and cleaning, placing in new coronavirus protein solution (10ng/L-100ug/L) for 1-30min, and measuring peak current again.
Preferably, the concentration of the CNTs-COOH suspension in the step 1) is optimized to be 5-20 mg/mL; the new coronavirus surface protein is optimized to be capsid protein or S protein.
Preferably, the persulfate in the step 2) is optimized to be sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate; the weak acid solution is optimized to be oxalic acid or acetic acid, and the concentration is optimized to be 0.5-2 mol/L.
Preferably, the diameter of the glassy carbon electrode in the step 3) is optimized to be 3mm-8 mm. The grain size of the alumina powder polishing is optimized to be polished by 1-5 mm, 0.5-0.8 mm and 0.2-0.4 mm of alumina powder respectively. The dispersion solution of MIP is optimized as deionized water, DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) or PBS (phosphate buffered saline); the concentration of the stable suspension of MIP is optimized to be 0.1-1 mg/mL. The soaking solution is optimized to be deionized water or PBS.
Preferably, the concentration of the basic hypochlorite solution in step 5) is optimized to be 0.1-1 mol/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor has sensitive electrochemical response to the new coronavirus in the actual environment, and has good linear relation between an electric signal generated in a concentration range of 10ng/L-100ug/L of the new coronavirus and the concentration; the detection accuracy rate of the new coronavirus in water reaches 84-89%; the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor can be regenerated and utilized, has an electrochemical response signal similar to that before regeneration on the new coronavirus after regeneration, and has the recycling accuracy rate of 88-93%.
Drawings
FIG. 1: photograph of appearance of electrochemical sensor prepared in example 1
FIG. 2: transmission electron micrograph of electrochemical sensor prepared in example 1
FIG. 3: DPV curve of response of electrochemical sensor prepared in example 1 to 1ng/L of new coronavirus solution
FIG. 4: DPV curve of response of electrochemical sensor prepared in example 1 to 1ug/L of new coronavirus solution
FIG. 5: standard Curve for measuring New coronavirus by electrochemical sensor prepared in example 1
FIG. 6: DPV curves before and after regeneration of the electrochemical sensor prepared in example 1
FIG. 7: DPV curves before and after regeneration of electrochemical sensors prepared in example 2
Detailed Description
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
1) 10mg of commercial carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) is placed in a 5mL centrifuge tube, 1mL of deionized water is added for ultrasonic dispersion, 1mL of mixed solution containing NHS (1.7mg) and EDAC (1.3mg) is added for shaking, then the supernatant is centrifuged and discarded, and 2mL of deionized water is used for centrifugal cleaning for 3 times. The washed pellet was added to PIPES buffer (0.1mol/L) containing 0.2mg of the new coronavirus capsid protein, shaken for 4h and centrifuged. The supernatant was discarded and the pellet was washed centrifugally with 2mL of deionized water.
2) The product obtained in step 1) was resuspended in 1ml of LPIPES solution, and 10mg of AAM and 20mg of NNMBA were added and dissolved by shaking. Then, 1.5mg of ammonium persulfate was added thereto, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 3 hours. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant discarded, and washed by 2mL deionized water. The precipitate was added 2mL of 1moL/L oxalic acid solution and shaken at room temperature for 12 h. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded, followed by centrifugation with 2mL of deionized water. The precipitate was placed in an oven to dry, resulting in a material to be loaded to the electrode (MIP).
3) Commercially available 3mm glassy carbon electrodes were polished with 5mm, 0.8mm and 0.4mm alumina powders, respectively, immersed in 10mL of deionized water to clean the electrodes, and coated with 5uL of a solution (2% by mass, 0.7uL/mm coating weight)2). Adding the MIP1mg prepared in the step 2) into a 1mLDMF solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a stable suspension, and dripping 10uLMIP dispersion liquid on a ground electrode (the coating amount is 1.4 uL/mm)2) Air drying at room temperature, soaking in PBS for 2min, washing with deionized water, and dryingAnd drying to obtain the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor.
4) Determination of the concentration of the new coronaviruses in unknown samples: preparing new coronavirus solutions with different concentrations, wherein the final concentrations are 1ng/L, 10ng/L, 100ng/L, 1 mug/L and 10ug/L respectively, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 10min, then taking out and cleaning, reading peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation, and establishing a standard curve between the protein concentration and the signal of the new coronavirus. In addition, the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is placed in a new coronavirus solution with unknown concentration, and the concentration of the new coronavirus is obtained according to the measured peak current and the standard curve. The concentration was additionally compared to a standard method (BCA kit) to determine the accuracy of the assay by this method.
5) Regeneration of the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor: preparing a new coronavirus solution to enable the final concentration of the new coronavirus solution to be 100ng/L, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 10min, taking out the electrochemical sensor, cleaning, and reading the peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation. And (3) placing the electrochemical sensor in 1mol/L alkaline sodium hypochlorite solution for reaction for 30min, taking out, cleaning, placing in 100ng/L new coronavirus coat for 10min, and measuring the peak current again.
In this example, the coating thickness of the material on the electrode was 1.4 mm; the transmission electron microscope image of the new corona virus electrochemical sensor product is shown in figure 1, and the particle size of the loaded functional material can be seen to be 20 nm. The DPV response curves of the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor for 1ng/L and 1ug/L are shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, and the peak currents are 2.8uA and 16.8uA respectively. The standard curve of the electrochemical sensor for measuring the new coronavirus is shown in fig. 4, the standard curve equation is that y (uA) is 19.2+0.09x (ug/L), the concentration of the new coronavirus detected on an unknown sample is 9.5ug/L, and the detection concentration of the standard method is 10.7mg/L, so that the detection accuracy of the sensor is 89%; the electrochemical sensor for the new coronavirus still has electrochemical response to the new coronavirus after regeneration (figure 5), and the detection accuracy rate reaches 88%.
Example 2:
1) 5mg of commercially available carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) is placed in a 5mL centrifuge tube, 1mL of deionized water is added for ultrasonic dispersion, 1mL of mixed solution containing NHS (1.7mg) and EDAC (1.25mg) is added for shaking, and then the mixture is centrifuged to discard the supernatant, and 2mL of deionized water is used for centrifugal cleaning for 3 times. The washed precipitate was added with 0.2mg of a new coronavirus S protein-containing PBS buffer (0.01mol/L), shaken for 4 hours, and centrifuged. The supernatant was discarded and the pellet was washed centrifugally with 2mL of deionized water.
2) The product obtained in step 1) was resuspended in 1ml of LPIPES solution, and 10mg of AAM and 25mg of NNMBA were added and dissolved by shaking. Then, 1.6mg of potassium persulfate was added thereto, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 6 hours. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant discarded, and washed by 2mL deionized water. 2mL0.5mol/L of acetic acid solution was added to the precipitate, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 3 hours. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded, followed by centrifugation with 2mL of deionized water. The precipitate was placed in an oven to dry, resulting in a material to be loaded to the electrode (MIP).
3) Commercially available 5mm glassy carbon electrodes were polished with 1mm, 0.5mm and 0.2mm alumina powders, respectively, immersed in 10mL of deionized water to clean the electrodes, and coated with 10uL of a solution (1% by mass, 0.5uL/mm coating weight)2). Adding 1mL of deionized water into MIP0.5mg prepared in the step 2), performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min to obtain a stable suspension, and dripping 5uLMIP dispersion liquid on a ground electrode (the coating amount is 0.3 uL/mm)2) And drying at room temperature, soaking in PBS for 10min, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the new coronavirus capsid protein electrochemical sensor.
4) Determination of the concentration of the new coronaviruses in unknown samples: preparing new coronavirus solutions with different concentrations, wherein the final concentrations are 1ng/L, 10ng/L, 100ng/L, 1 mug/L and 10ug/L respectively, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 1min, taking out and cleaning, reading peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation, and establishing a standard curve between the protein concentration and the signal of the new coronavirus. In addition, the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is placed in a new coronavirus solution with unknown concentration, and the concentration of the new coronavirus is obtained according to the measured peak current and the standard curve. The concentration was additionally compared to a standard method (BCA kit) to determine the accuracy of the assay by this method.
5) Regeneration of the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor: preparing a new coronavirus solution to enable the final concentration of the new coronavirus solution to be 10ng/L, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 1min, taking out the electrochemical sensor, cleaning, and reading the peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation. And (3) placing the electrochemical sensor in 0.1mol/L alkaline sodium hypochlorite solution for reaction for 5min, taking out, cleaning, placing in 10ng/L new coronavirus coat for 1min, and measuring the peak current again.
The coating thickness of the material in the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is 0.3mm, and the particle size of the loaded functional material is 30 nm; the standard curve of the electrochemical sensor for measuring the new coronavirus is shown in fig. 6, the standard curve equation is that y (ua) is 19.1+0.082x (ug/L), the concentration of the new coronavirus detected in an unknown sample is 7.3 ug/L, and the detection concentration of the standard method is 8.5mg/L, so that the detection accuracy of the sensor is 86%. The electrochemical sensor for the new coronavirus still has electrochemical response to the new coronavirus after regeneration (figure 7), and the detection accuracy reaches 93%.
Example 3:
1) 20mg of commercially available carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) is placed in a 5mL centrifuge tube, 2mL of deionized water is added for ultrasonic dispersion, 1mL of mixed solution containing NHS (1.7mg) and EDAC (1mg) is added for oscillation, and then centrifugation is carried out to discard supernatant liquid, and centrifugation washing is carried out by using 3mL of deionized water. The washed precipitate was added to PIPES buffer (0.1mol/L) containing 0.2mg of the new coronavirus S protein, shaken for 4 hours and centrifuged. The supernatant was discarded and the pellet was washed centrifugally with 2mL of deionized water.
2) The product obtained in step 1) was resuspended in 1ml of LPIPES solution, and 10mg of AAM and 20mg of NNMBA were added and dissolved by shaking. Then, 1.35mg of potassium persulfate was added thereto, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 4 hours. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded, followed by centrifugation with 3mL of deionized water. The precipitate was added 2mL of 2moL/L oxalic acid solution and shaken at room temperature for 8 h. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded, followed by centrifugation with 2mL of deionized water. The precipitate was placed in an oven to dry, resulting in a material to be loaded to the electrode (MIP).
3) Commercially available 8mm glassy carbon electrodes were polished with 3mm, 0.6mm and 0.3mm alumina powders, respectively, immersed in 10mL of deionized water to clean the electrodes, and coated with 20uL of an Afion solution (0.1% by mass, coating amount: weight)0.4uL/mm2). Adding 1mL deionized water into MIP0.1mg prepared in step 2), performing ultrasonic treatment for 2min to obtain a stable suspension, and dripping 20uLMIP dispersion liquid on a ground electrode (coating amount is 0.4 uL/mm)2) And drying at room temperature, soaking in PBS for 30min, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the new coronavirus capsid protein electrochemical sensor.
4) Determination of the concentration of the new coronaviruses in unknown samples: preparing new coronavirus solutions with different concentrations, wherein the final concentrations are 1ng/L, 10ng/L, 100ng/L, 1 mug/L and 10ug/L respectively, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 30min, then taking out and cleaning, reading peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation, and establishing a standard curve between the protein concentration and the signal of the new coronavirus. In addition, the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is placed in a new coronavirus solution with unknown concentration, and the concentration of the new coronavirus is obtained according to the measured peak current and the standard curve. The concentration was additionally compared to a standard method (BCA kit) to determine the accuracy of the assay by this method.
5) Regeneration of the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor: preparing a new coronavirus solution to enable the final concentration of the new coronavirus solution to be 100 mu g/L, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 30min, taking out the electrochemical sensor, cleaning, and reading the peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation. The electrochemical sensor is placed in 0.5mol/L alkaline potassium hypochlorite solution for reaction for 60min, taken out and cleaned, placed in 100 mu g/L new coronavirus coating for 30min, and the peak current is measured again.
The coating thickness of the material in the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is 0.4mm, and the particle size of the loaded functional material is 20 nm; the standard curve equation of the electrochemical sensor for measuring the new coronavirus is that y (uA) is 16.9+0.095x (ug/L), the detection concentration of the new coronavirus on an unknown sample is 8.5ug/L, and the detection concentration of the standard method is 10.2mg/L, so the detection accuracy of the sensor is 84%. The electrochemical sensor for the new coronavirus still has electrochemical response to the new coronavirus after regeneration, and the detection accuracy rate reaches 89%.
Example 4:
1) 15mg of commercial carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) is placed in a 5mL centrifuge tube, 0.75 mL deionized water is added for ultrasonic dispersion, 1mL mixed solution containing NHS (1.3mg) and EDAC (0.75mg) is added for shaking, and then the supernatant is removed by centrifugation, and 2mL deionized water is used for centrifugal cleaning. The washed pellet was added with PBS buffer (0.05mol/L) containing 0.3mg of the capsid protein of the novel coronavirus, shaken for 4 hours and then centrifuged. The supernatant was discarded and the pellet was washed centrifugally with 2mL of deionized water.
2) The product obtained in step 1) was resuspended in 1ml of LPIPES solution, and 15mg of AAM and 30mg of NNMBA were added and dissolved by shaking. Then 2mg of potassium persulfate was added and shaken at room temperature for 5 hours. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded, followed by centrifugation with 2mL of deionized water. The precipitate was added 2mL of 1moL/L oxalic acid solution and shaken at room temperature for 6 h. After shaking, the solution was centrifuged and the supernatant was discarded, followed by centrifugation with 2mL of deionized water. The precipitate was placed in an oven to dry, resulting in a material to be loaded to the electrode (MIP).
3) Commercially available 3mm glassy carbon electrodes were polished with 3mm, 0.6mm and 0.3mm alumina powders, respectively, immersed in 10mL of deionized water to clean the electrodes, and coated with 5uL of a solution (1% by mass, 0.7uL/mm coating weight)2). Adding 1mL of deionized water into the MIP1mg prepared in the step 2), performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain a stable suspension, and dropwise coating 1uLMIP dispersion liquid on a ground electrode (the coating amount is 0.14 uL/mm)2) And drying at room temperature, soaking in PBS for 20min, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the new coronavirus capsid protein electrochemical sensor.
4) Determination of the concentration of the new coronaviruses in unknown samples: preparing new coronavirus solutions with different concentrations, wherein the final concentrations are 1ng/L, 10ng/L, 100ng/L, 1 mug/L and 10ug/L respectively, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 20min, then taking out and cleaning, reading peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation, and establishing a standard curve between the protein concentration and the signal of the new coronavirus. In addition, the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is placed in a new coronavirus solution with unknown concentration, and the concentration of the new coronavirus is obtained according to the measured peak current and the standard curve. The concentration was additionally compared to a standard method (BCA kit) to determine the accuracy of the assay by this method.
5) Regeneration of the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor: preparing a new coronavirus solution to enable the final concentration of the new coronavirus solution to be 10 mu g/L, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 20min, taking out the electrochemical sensor, cleaning the electrochemical sensor, and reading the peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation. The electrochemical sensor is placed in 0.3 mol/L alkaline potassium hypochlorite solution for reaction for 30min, taken out and cleaned, placed in 10 mu g/L new coronavirus coat for 20min, and the peak current is measured again.
The coating thickness of the material in the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is 0.14mm, and the particle size of the loaded functional material is 10 nm; the standard curve equation of the electrochemical sensor for measuring the new coronavirus is that y (uA) is 17.5+0.09x (ug/L), the detection concentration of the new coronavirus in an unknown sample is 9.5ug/L, and the detection concentration of the standard method is 10.9mg/L, so the detection accuracy of the sensor is 87%. The new coronavirus electrochemical sensor still has electrochemical response to the new coronavirus after regeneration, and the detection accuracy rate reaches 90%.
Claims (9)
1. An electrochemical sensor for detecting new coronavirus in environment in real time is characterized in that: comprises a glassy carbon electrode and a functional material uniformly coated on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode, wherein the coating thickness is 0.14-1.4 mm; the functional material has the structure that the carbon nano tube is used as a substrate and is coated by polyacrylamide, and the surface layer of the polyacrylamide is inlaid with a new coronavirus surface western blot; the sensor can quantitatively detect the concentration of the new coronavirus in the environment, the detection range reaches 10ng/L-100ug/L, the accuracy rate reaches 84-89%, the sensor can be recycled after regeneration, and the accuracy rate of recycling reaches 88% -93%.
2. A method for preparing the electrochemical sensor for real-time detection of the new coronavirus in the environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
preparing functional material MIP with specific recognition capability on the new coronavirus by using a free radical polymerization method by using the new coronavirus surface protein as a template; polishing a glassy carbon electrode by using alumina powder, washing the electrode by using deionized water, and coating a perfluorinated sulfonic acid-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer Nafion solution; dispersing the MIP in a solution, performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a stable suspension, dropwise coating the MIP dispersion on a polished electrode, drying at room temperature, soaking, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor.
3. The method of claim 2, including the steps of:
1) dissolving carboxylated carbon nanotube CNTs-COOH in water to be dispersed into stable suspension, adding N-hydroxysuccinimide NHS and carbodiimide hydrochloride EDAC, oscillating, centrifuging, and cleaning and precipitating; adding new coronavirus surface protein into the precipitate, oscillating, centrifuging, and washing the precipitate with deionized water; wherein: the mass ratio of CNTs-COOH to NHS is (3-12) to 1, and the mass ratio of CNTs-COOH to EDAC is (4-20) to 1; the mass ratio of the CNTs-COOH to the new coronavirus surface protein is (25-100): 1;
2) adding acrylamide AAM, N' -methylene bisacrylamide NNMBA and persulfate into the sediment obtained in the step 1) after resuspending, oscillating for 3-6 hours, centrifuging, and washing the sediment by deionized water; adding the precipitate into a weak acid solution, oscillating for 3-12h, fully cleaning, and drying to remove water to obtain a material MIP to be loaded to the electrode; wherein: the mass ratio of the CNTs-COOH to the AAM is (0.5-2) to 1; the mass ratio of CNTs-COOH to NNMBA is (0.2-1) to 1; the mass ratio of the CNTs-COOH to the persulfate is (3-15) to 1;
3) polishing a glassy carbon electrode by using alumina powder, washing the electrode by using deionized water, and coating 0.4-0.7 uL/mm2The mass concentration of the Nafion solution is 0.1 to 2 percent; dispersing the MIP material obtained in the step 2) in a solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 2-30min to obtain a stable suspension, and taking 0.14-1.4 uL/mm2And (3) dropwise coating the MIP dispersion liquid on the polished electrode, airing at room temperature, soaking in a soaking solution for 2-30min, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the concentration of the CNTs-COOH suspension in the step 1) is 5-20 mg/mL; the new coronavirus surface protein is capsid protein or S protein.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein: in the step 2), the persulfate is sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate; the weak acid solution is oxalic acid or acetic acid, and the concentration is 0.5-2 mol/L.
6. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the glassy carbon electrode in the step 3) is 3mm-8 mm; the grain sizes of the polished alumina powder are respectively polished by the alumina powder with the grain sizes of 1-5 mm, 0.5-0.8 mm and 0.2-0.4 mm; the dispersion solution of MIP is deionized water, DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) or PBS (phosphate buffer solution); the concentration of the obtained stable suspension of MIP is 0.1-1 mg/mL.
7. Use of an electrochemical sensor according to claim 1 for detecting a new coronavirus in an environment, characterized in that:
preparing new coronavirus solutions with different concentrations, wherein the final concentrations are 1ng/L-10ug/L respectively, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solutions for 1-30min, taking out and cleaning, reading peak current by using a DPV (differential pulse velocimetry) method in an electrochemical workstation, and establishing a standard curve between the protein concentration and the signal of the new coronavirus; in addition, the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor is placed in a new coronavirus solution with unknown concentration, and the concentration of the new coronavirus is obtained according to the measured peak current and the standard curve.
8. A method for recycling the new coronavirus electrochemical sensor of claim 7, which comprises the following steps:
adding the new coronavirus into a buffer solution to enable the final concentration to be 10ng/L-100ug/L, placing the prepared electrochemical sensor in the new coronavirus solution for 1-30min, then taking out and cleaning, and reading the peak current by using a DPV method in an electrochemical workstation; placing the electrochemical sensor in alkaline hypochlorite solution for reacting for 5-60min, taking out, cleaning, placing in new coronavirus solution (10ng/L-100ug/L) for 1-30min, and measuring peak current again.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the alkaline hypochlorite is alkaline sodium hypochlorite or alkaline potassium hypochlorite, and the concentration of the solution is 0.1-1 mol/L.
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