CN113820090A - Pneumatic wind tunnel test section of long tunnel operation vehicle - Google Patents
Pneumatic wind tunnel test section of long tunnel operation vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113820090A CN113820090A CN202110970001.9A CN202110970001A CN113820090A CN 113820090 A CN113820090 A CN 113820090A CN 202110970001 A CN202110970001 A CN 202110970001A CN 113820090 A CN113820090 A CN 113820090A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
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Abstract
The invention relates to a long tunnel vehicle pneumatic wind tunnel test section, which is a tunnel wall structure formed by a closed shell, wherein the cross section is a road or railway tunnel section, the length of the test section is at least more than five times of the equivalent diameter of the cross section, and a single-belt mobile ground system simulating the relative motion of the ground and a vehicle in a long tunnel is arranged in the test section. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the test capability of single-marshalling or multi-marshalling automobiles or high-speed trains running in the long tunnel, and respectively eliminates the influence of the ground boundary layer and the tunnel wall by moving the ground and expanding the tunnel wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle aerodynamic wind tunnel tests, in particular to a long tunnel running vehicle pneumatic wind tunnel test section.
Background
China is large in territory area, highway tunnels and railway tunnels are distributed in various regions, and long tunnels with the full length of 3 km-10 km are numerous. Unlike vehicles traveling on open roads, vehicles traveling in tunnels, particularly long tunnels, are affected by the tunnel walls, and more complex flow structures exist between the sides of the vehicles and the tunnel walls, and flow between the bottom and the ground is also more complex. In addition, the problem of aerodynamic noise caused by unsteady flow is more prominent, on one hand, the flow field pulsation of a closed space is stronger, and the strength of the aerodynamic noise source is larger, and on the other hand, the sound propagation is influenced by a hole wall, so that the problem of sound propagation of incident sound and reflected sound in the unsteady flow field is caused. Therefore, the research on the flow field structure of the vehicle in the tunnel space and the influence factors thereof is of great significance.
Dynamic model tests and wind tunnel tests are currently the main means of studying vehicle aerodynamics. The former is that the vehicle is moving but the airflow is not moving, and the latter is that the vehicle is stationary but the airflow is moving. The test section is the core part of the wind tunnel test platform. Patent CN112834160A discloses a whole car environment wind tunnel test section of train, this test section includes: a test section main body and a similar resident chamber structure; the test section main body is used for providing a test site for the train whole-train environment simulation test; the similar chamber structure is a hollow cavity structure, and one end of the similar chamber structure is connected with the wind tunnel contraction section and the nozzle section; the other end is connected with the test section main body, the cross-sectional area of the other end connected with the test section main body is the same as that of the test section main body, and the cross-sectional area is larger than that of the nozzle section and used for expanding the nozzle section to the test section main body.
It is worth noting that the conventional wind tunnel does not consider the test requirement of the long tunnel vehicle operation, the section of the test section is usually square, round or semicircular, the equivalent diameter ratio of the test section to the cross section is more than or equal to 3, and most of the test sections are not expanded and have no moving ground system, which results in that the vehicle cannot simulate the vehicle operation condition in the real tunnel in the conventional wind tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, provides a pneumatic wind tunnel test section of a long tunnel running vehicle, applies a multi-marshalling train queue and a high-speed train to run in a tunnel pneumatic test, researches the flow field characteristics under the tunnel working condition and develops targeted optimization control.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a long tunnel running vehicle pneumatic wind tunnel test section is a tunnel wall structure formed by a closed shell, the cross section is a road or railway tunnel section, the length of the test section is at least more than five times of the equivalent diameter of the cross section, and a single-belt mobile ground system simulating the relative motion of the ground and a vehicle in a long tunnel is arranged in the test section.
Furthermore, the test section has a diffusion angle of 0.1-0.5 degrees from the inlet section to the outlet section, preferably, the diffusion angle is 0.3 degrees, and the wall of the hole of the test section has a certain diffusion angle to meet the requirement of zero pressure gradient, so that the influence of the boundary layer of the wall of the hole is eliminated.
Furthermore, the tunnel section is in a shape of a major arc arch section, the cross section of the designed test section is a major arc arch section, the ratio of the length of the test section to the equivalent diameter of the cross section is far larger than that of the current wind tunnel, the test requirement of the long tunnel can be met, the influence of the tunnel wall and the ground boundary layer is eliminated by the test section, and the running condition of the vehicle in the real tunnel can be truly simulated.
Furthermore, the wall of the test section hole is designed and processed in a segmented mode, flanges are arranged at two ends of each section, and the test section hole is connected through rubber gaskets and bolts.
Further, the thickness and material selection of the test section is determined by the test section velocity and pressure gradient, and is checked by intensity calculation.
Further, if an optical instrument is needed for shooting, the test section is made of transparent materials, and the hole wall is connected with the ground through bolts or adhesive tapes in an adhesive mode.
Furthermore, the ground is additionally provided with a single-belt mobile ground system, so that the influence of a ground boundary layer and a hole wall can be well eliminated. The single-belt mobile ground system comprises a mobile belt, a mobile belt wheel, a high-speed brushless motor and a supporting system, wherein the mobile belt is located at the central line position of the test section, the mobile belt wheel is sleeved on the mobile belt wheel, the mobile belt wheel is driven to rotate by the high-speed brushless motor, the lower part of the mobile belt is provided with the supporting system, and the supporting system can adjust a supporting surface and avoid the synchronous belt from impacting to reduce the abrasion and shaking of the synchronous belt.
Further, the length of the moving belt is 0.7-0.9 times of the length of the test section, the width of the moving belt is 0.4-0.6 times of the width of the test section, the speed of the moving belt is required to reach the maximum test speed, and the self-shaking is very small.
Furthermore, the moving belt wheel is made of aluminum alloy materials, and standard circular arc teeth are machined.
Furthermore, the steel wire is arranged in the synchronous belt, so that the functions of high strength and small deformation are realized, and the phenomenon that the synchronous belt is thrown away by a belt wheel and the middle of the synchronous belt is raised is avoided.
The pneumatic wind tunnel test section for the long tunnel running vehicle provided by the invention is closed, the cross section is a road and railway tunnel section, the length of the test section is at least more than five times of the equivalent diameter of the cross section, and the pneumatic test of single-marshalling automobiles and multi-marshalling automobiles and high-speed trains is met. A single-belt mobile ground system is additionally arranged in the test section, the speed of the mobile belt is required to reach the maximum test speed, and the self-shaking is very small. The wall of the test section hole is provided with a certain expansion angle, the wall of the test section hole is designed in a segmented mode, all the segments are connected through flanges and bolts, and a rubber gasket is clamped in the middle of each segment for sealing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the length of the test section is at least larger than five times of the equivalent diameter of the cross section, the test section has a diffusion angle of 0.1-0.5 degrees from the inlet section to the outlet section, the cross section of the tunnel is in a major arc arch section, the ratio of the length of the test section to the equivalent diameter of the cross section is far larger than that of the current wind tunnel, the test requirement of the long tunnel can be met, the test section eliminates the influence of a tunnel wall and a ground boundary layer, a certain diffusion angle is set to meet the requirement of zero pressure gradient, the influence of the tunnel wall boundary layer is eliminated, the running condition of a vehicle in the real tunnel can be truly simulated, the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle running in the long tunnel can be truly reproduced, and the true experimental data can be conveniently obtained.
(2) The invention skillfully adopts the design of the sectional tunnel wall, on one hand, the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, on the other hand, the invention can quickly repair and replace the locally damaged tunnel wall section, thereby greatly reducing the later maintenance and updating cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic wind tunnel test section of a long tunnel running vehicle according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the divergence angle of the test section;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a test section being installed in sections;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the mobile ground system within a test section;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mobile ground system.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, a closed test section with a 1:40 shrinkage ratio is taken as an example, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the cross section of the long tunnel test section is designed to be a major arc arch cross section of a public and railway tunnel meeting the national standard requirements. In this example, a closed test section with a 1:40 shrinkage ratio was selected, and the cross-sectional area was 154484mm2The equivalent diameter D1 is 540mm, and the center of the circle is 75mm away from the ground. In order to characterize the flow in long tunnels, the length of the test segment L1 was 3000 mm. The ratio of its length L1 to its equivalent diameter D1 is about 6;
(2) as shown in fig. 2, in order to eliminate the influence of the hole wall boundary layer, the test section hole wall should have a certain diffusion angle to meet the requirement of zero pressure gradient, and the diffusion angle in the embodiment is obtained by simulation calculation and is 0.3 °, namely the diffusion angle is from the inlet equivalent diameter D1 to 540mm, and the diffusion angle is from the outlet equivalent diameter D2 to 574 mm;
(3) referring to fig. 3, the wall of the test section hole is designed and processed in a segmented mode, flanges are arranged at two ends of each segment, and rubber gaskets and bolts are used for connection. The length and number of segments are determined by the practitioner and the test segment assembly is shown in figure 3. In the embodiment, 6 test sections with the length of 500mm are adopted, and the total length is 3000 mm. Designing speed and pressure gradient according to the test section, and performing calibration through strength calculation to determine that the thickness of the test section in the embodiment is 5mm, the material is transparent acrylic to meet the requirement of an optical instrument for shooting, and the hole wall is connected with the ground and is glued by using bolts or adhesive tapes;
(4) in order to eliminate the influence of the ground boundary layer and simulate the relative motion of the ground and the vehicle in the long tunnel, a single-belt mobile ground system is designed to simulate the ground movement, as shown in fig. 4. The ratio of the ribbon width D3 to the trial length equivalent diameter D1 was about 0.4 and the ratio of the ribbon length L2 to the total trial length L1 was about 0.8. The moving belt is positioned at the center line position of the test section, and the starting point of the moving belt is 0.05L1 away from the inlet of the test section, so that the test model is positioned at the front position of the test section, and the wake flow can be fully developed;
(5) in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, 1 is a selected 8M circular arc tooth synchronous belt, the length of which is 5469mm, the synchronous belt adopts a built-in steel wire, and has the characteristics of high strength and small deformation, and the phenomenon that the middle of the common belt is thrown away by a belt wheel and protrudes upwards when the common belt moves at a high speed is avoided. 2 is a support system designed to prevent subsidence of the moving ground. And 3, selecting a moving belt wheel of 80-8M (the tooth pitch is 8mm, the tooth number is 80) according to an 8M synchronous belt, wherein the radius of the belt wheel is about 101.8mm, the tooth face width is 200mm, the height of a wheel edge retainer ring is 10mm, the thickness is 1.5mm, and the width of a synchronous belt retainer ring is 207 mm. The inner width is 203 mm. The movable belt wheel is machined by aluminum alloy cutting, and the middle of the assembly hole of the shaft is designed to be hollowed, so that the finish machining surface can be reduced, and the weight of the synchronizing wheel is reduced. 4 is a V belt transmission system connecting the brushless motor and the moving belt wheel; and 5, a high-power brushless motor, wherein two brushless motors with the power of 1.5kW and the rated rotation speed of 3000r/min and a matched stepless speed regulation controller are adopted according to the calculation design.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A long tunnel running vehicle pneumatic wind tunnel test section is characterized in that the test section is a tunnel wall structure formed by a closed shell, the cross section is a road or railway tunnel section, the length of the test section is at least five times larger than the equivalent diameter of the cross section, and a single-belt mobile ground system simulating the relative motion of the ground and a vehicle in a long tunnel is arranged in the test section.
2. The pneumatic wind tunnel test section for the long-tunnel running vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the test section has a diffusion angle of 0.1-0.5 degrees from an inlet section to an outlet section.
3. The long tunnel running vehicle pneumatic wind tunnel test section according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel cross section is in the shape of a major arc arch cross section.
4. The pneumatic wind tunnel test section of a long tunnel running vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the wall of the test section is designed and processed in a segmented mode, flanges are arranged at two ends of each section, and the test section is connected through rubber gaskets and bolts.
5. The long tunnel running vehicle pneumatic wind tunnel test section according to claim 4, wherein the thickness and material selection of the test section are determined according to the speed and pressure gradient of the test section, and the check is performed through intensity calculation.
6. The pneumatic wind tunnel test section for the long tunnel running vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the test section is made of transparent materials, and the tunnel wall is connected with the ground by bolts or adhesive tapes for gluing.
7. The long tunnel running vehicle pneumatic wind tunnel test section according to claim 1, wherein the single-belt moving ground system comprises a moving belt, a moving belt wheel, a high-speed brushless motor and a support system, the moving belt is located at a center line position of the test section, the moving belt wheel is sleeved with the moving belt wheel, the moving belt wheel is driven to rotate by the high-speed brushless motor, and the support system is arranged at the lower part of the moving belt.
8. The pneumatic wind tunnel test section of the long tunnel running vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the length of the moving belt is 0.7-0.9 times of the length of the test section, and the width of the moving belt is 0.4-0.6 times of the width of the test section.
9. The pneumatic wind tunnel test section for the long tunnel running vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the moving belt wheel is made of aluminum alloy materials and is provided with standard circular arc teeth.
10. The pneumatic wind tunnel test section for the long tunnel running vehicle according to claim 7, wherein a steel wire is arranged in the synchronous belt.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110970001.9A CN113820090A (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Pneumatic wind tunnel test section of long tunnel operation vehicle |
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| CN202110970001.9A CN113820090A (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Pneumatic wind tunnel test section of long tunnel operation vehicle |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114383803A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-22 | 西南交通大学 | Wind tunnel test device for aerodynamic characteristics of pseudo-dynamic vehicle-bridge |
| CN115791072A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-03-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Air-isolation sound-transmission type wind tunnel test section |
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| CN110296808A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-01 | 吉林大学 | It is a kind of to rotate wind-tunnel test platform and its control method than two car model wheels |
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2021
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101187591A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-05-28 | 华南理工大学 | Slope adjustable tunnel fire hazard wind tunnel experimental device |
| CN101852672A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2010-10-06 | 西南交通大学 | High-speed train-tunnel aerodynamic characteristic movable model experiment system |
| CN202533242U (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-11-14 | 南开大学 | Multifunctional movable type wind erosion wind tunnel |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114383803A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-22 | 西南交通大学 | Wind tunnel test device for aerodynamic characteristics of pseudo-dynamic vehicle-bridge |
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| CN115791072A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-03-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Air-isolation sound-transmission type wind tunnel test section |
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Application publication date: 20211221 |