CN113819479B - System and method for improving drying output of medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature furnace smoke extraction - Google Patents
System and method for improving drying output of medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature furnace smoke extraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN113819479B CN113819479B CN202111285020.4A CN202111285020A CN113819479B CN 113819479 B CN113819479 B CN 113819479B CN 202111285020 A CN202111285020 A CN 202111285020A CN 113819479 B CN113819479 B CN 113819479B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/12—Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for improving the drying output of a medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature flue gas extraction, wherein the system comprises a pulverized coal boiler, wherein the pulverized coal boiler is provided with a high-temperature flue gas extraction port on each of two side walls of a cold ash bucket region, and the high-temperature flue gas extraction ports are connected with a flue gas booster fan through a high-temperature flue gas pipeline and a medium-temperature flue gas pipeline; the high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline is connected with an upstream hot primary air pipeline through a hot primary air bypass pipeline, and an air suction opening is formed in the upstream hot primary air pipeline; the outlet flue of the furnace smoke booster fan is connected with a downstream hot primary air pipeline through a mixing structure, and the tail end of the downstream hot primary air pipeline is connected with a coal mill. The invention adopts the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction technology and the hot primary air bypass technology, the temperature of the drying medium at the inlet of the coal mill is increased to about 400 ℃, the oxygen content of the drying medium can be reduced to about 15 percent, the extraction amount of the high-temperature furnace smoke is less, and the field arrangement is compact; no flue gas recirculation, less influence of heat transfer characteristics of a heating surface, abrasion, boiler efficiency, power consumption of a draught fan and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a system and a method for improving the drying output of a medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature smoke extraction.
Background
The boiler of the power station in China generally has the problem of coal blending combustion, and part of boilers have severe coal sources and even need to perform coal blending combustion and even reforming combustion in a large proportion and across coal types, so that the drastic change of the operation condition is brought about by the great change of the coal types, and higher requirements are put forward on the adaptability of the boiler and auxiliary machines thereof. The boiler with the coal type being bituminous coal is designed to have the following problems when high-moisture lignite and coal slime are mixed and burnt: (a) when the lignite with high moisture content and high volatile content is burned or blended, the coal pulverizing system cannot normally operate and serious safety risks are derived, the requirements cannot be met only by operation adjustment, and the wide coal type adaptability transformation must be carried out on the boiler coal pulverizing system, the combustion system and the like; (b) the method can greatly improve the drying output of a powder making system and reduce the oxygen content of a drying medium by pumping high-temperature furnace smoke, high-temperature and low-pressure furnace smoke is boosted by a furnace smoke fan and then introduced into a hot primary air main pipe, the current furnace smoke pumping drying technology is mainly based on a fan coal mill and a storage type powder making system in a steel ball coal mill, and the fan coal mill and the steel ball coal mill are both difficult to improve a furnace smoke pressure head to a higher level.
The key of the furnace smoke pumping scheme is the resistance of the furnace smoke system, the temperature of the drying medium at the inlet of the coal mill and the performance of a furnace smoke fan aiming at a direct-fired pulverizing system of a medium-speed coal mill. If the resistance of the furnace smoke system is small, the smoke amount can be ensured, and the adjustment margin of the powder making system is large; if the resistance of the furnace smoke system is large, only a small amount of hot smoke can be sucked, and the drying output improving effect is not obvious. If the primary temperature of the drying medium is too high, parts such as an internal bearing of the medium-speed coal mill face failure risks, and later-stage maintenance cost is increased more. Therefore, the initial temperature of the drying medium at the inlet of the coal mill needs to be controlled below 400 ℃. Because medium speed pulverizer blows formula powder process system directly, the pressure of the female pipe of hot primary air is higher, and the smoke fan that takes out the stove cigarette needs to improve the pressure of the cold, the hot mixed stove cigarette of little negative pressure to a little more than the pressure of the female pipe of hot primary air.
Aiming at a direct-fired pulverizing system of a medium-speed coal mill, the existing furnace smoke extracting three-medium drying scheme adopts cold ash bucket hot furnace smoke, low-temperature furnace smoke at an outlet of a draught fan and hot primary air. The furnace smoke pumping system is divided into a hot furnace smoke pipeline system, a cold furnace smoke pipeline system and a mixed pressurization pipeline system. The hot furnace smoke pipeline system is used for extracting smoke with the temperature of about 850-900 ℃ between the combustor and the cold ash hopper, the oxygen content of the hot furnace smoke is lower and is about 3-4 percent, the hot furnace smoke is used as a high-temperature drying medium of the powder making system, the high-temperature flue stroke is shortest, the resistance is minimum, and the furnace smoke extraction amount is convenient to adjust. The cold furnace smoke pipeline system extracts smoke with the temperature of about 125 ℃ from an outlet of a draught fan, leads the smoke to an inlet of the hot furnace smoke, and arranges a mixing point as close as possible to a smoke outlet of the hot furnace so as to mix the cold and hot furnace smoke as early as possible and prevent the problems of difficult heat preservation, slag adhering inside and the like caused by overlong smoke pipe sections of the hot furnace; the mixed pressurization pipeline system is characterized in that high-temperature furnace smoke and low-temperature furnace smoke enter a cold and hot smoke mixing pipeline together, the temperature of the mixed smoke is not more than 450 ℃, the mixed smoke enters a furnace smoke fan, the mixed smoke is boosted by the furnace smoke fan to enter a downstream hot primary air main pipe, and the temperature of a drying medium at an inlet of a coal mill is not more than 400 ℃. The low-temperature flue gas mainly has the function of adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas, so that the flue gas fan can work normally.
This solution has the following drawbacks: (a) more low-temperature cooling furnace smoke needs to be introduced, so that the quality of the smoke is reduced; (b) the arrangement investment of the low-temperature cooling furnace smoke pipeline is large; (c) the hot furnace smoke extraction amount is large, which is not beneficial to the combustion stability of the main combustion area; (d) because more cooling furnace smoke is introduced, the smoke quantity from the boiler to the flue at the outlet of the induced draft fan is increased more, the radiation heat exchange quantity and the convection heat exchange quantity of the boiler are changed greatly, and the heat transfer characteristic of each stage of heating surface is changed greatly; (e) the abrasion of each stage of heating surface is intensified, and as the smoke amount and the smoke exhaust temperature rise, the smoke resistance and the wind resistance are increased, the power consumption of a draught fan is increased, and the efficiency of the electrostatic dust collector is reduced; (f) the boiler efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a system and a method for improving the drying output of a medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature furnace smoke extraction, wherein a bypass air channel is arranged on a hot primary air main pipe at the outlet of an air preheater to lead out partial hot primary air to be mixed with high-temperature furnace smoke, so that the temperature of the furnace smoke is adjusted to about 450 ℃, and the normal work of a furnace smoke fan is ensured. After temperature adjustment, the medium-temperature furnace smoke enters a downstream hot primary air main pipe after being boosted by a furnace smoke booster fan, and the temperature of a drying medium at the inlet of a coal mill is increased by about 400 ℃. The scheme adopts a high-temperature furnace smoke extraction technology and a hot primary air bypass technology, reduces the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction amount, and is compact in field arrangement; the scheme has no flue gas recirculation, and the influence of heat transfer characteristics of the heating surface, abrasion, boiler efficiency, power consumption of the induced draft fan and the like is relatively small.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a system for improving the drying output of a medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature furnace smoke extraction comprises a pulverized coal boiler 1, wherein a high-temperature furnace smoke extraction port 3 is respectively arranged on two side walls of a cold ash bucket area 2 of the pulverized coal boiler 1, and the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction port 3 is connected with a furnace smoke booster fan 6 through a high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 4 and a medium-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5;
the high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 4 is connected with an upstream hot primary air pipeline 7 through a hot primary air bypass pipeline 8;
an outlet flue of the furnace smoke booster fan 6 is connected with a downstream hot primary air pipeline 9 through a mixing structure 12, and the tail end of the downstream hot primary air pipeline 9 is connected with a coal mill 14.
The hot primary air bypass pipeline 8 is provided with a bypass air flow control valve 11, and the medium temperature furnace flue pipe 5 is provided with a furnace flue gas flow control valve 13.
The hot primary air bypass pipeline 8 is used for reducing the temperature of the high-temperature furnace smoke in the high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 4 to about 450 ℃ to form medium-temperature furnace smoke.
The fume booster fan 6 is used to raise the medium temperature fume head to slightly above the medium pressure in the downstream hot primary air duct 9.
And an air suction opening 10 is formed in the upstream hot primary air pipeline 7.
A use method of a system for improving the drying output of a medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature smoke extraction comprises the following steps;
extracting high-temperature furnace smoke with the temperature of about 850 ℃ from two side walls of a cold ash hopper area 2 of the pulverized coal boiler 1; part of hot air is extracted from an upstream hot primary air pipeline 7 and is introduced into a high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 4 through a hot primary air bypass pipeline 8, the temperature of the high-temperature furnace smoke is reduced to about 450 ℃, and medium-temperature furnace smoke is formed;
the medium temperature furnace smoke improves the pressure head through the furnace smoke booster fan 6 and then flows into the downstream hot primary air pipeline 9, and the temperature of the grinding drying medium is improved to about 400 ℃ by introducing a proper amount of high temperature furnace smoke, so that the drying output of the powder making system can be greatly improved; because the inert furnace smoke is introduced, the oxygen content of the drying medium can be reduced to about 15 percent, the possibility of deflagration in the drying and grinding process of the high-volatile lignite is reduced, and the safety is improved;
the bypass air flow control valve 11 arranged on the hot primary air bypass pipeline 8 is used for adjusting the bypass hot primary air flow so as to control the temperature of the medium-temperature furnace smoke; the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction amount is controlled by a furnace smoke flow control valve 13 arranged on a medium-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5, so that the initial temperature of a drying medium at the inlet of the coal mill is effectively controlled.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the technology does not need to introduce low-temperature cold furnace smoke, the investment of a furnace smoke pipeline is small, and the transformation range is relatively concentrated;
2. because the high-temperature furnace smoke is led out from the ash bucket area and is led into the hearth again from the combustor area, the smoke volume of the boiler is not changed greatly, and the radiation heat exchange quantity and the convection heat exchange quantity of the boiler are not changed greatly;
3. compared with a three-medium drying technology, the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction device has the advantages that the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction amount is less, and the influence on a main combustion area of a boiler is less.
4. The abrasion of the heating surface is not increased, the change of the smoke volume and the smoke exhaust temperature is not large, the efficiency of the boiler is not influenced, and the power consumption of the induced draft fan is not increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic elevation view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1 is a pulverized coal boiler; 2 is a cold ash bucket area; 3, a high-temperature furnace smoke exhaust port; 4 is a high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline; 5 is a medium temperature furnace smoke pipeline; 6 is a furnace smoke booster fan; 7 is an upstream hot primary air pipeline; 8 is a hot primary air bypass pipeline; 9 is a downstream hot primary air pipeline; 10 is an air suction opening; 11 is a bypass air flow control valve; 12 is a mixed structure; 13 is a smoke flow control valve; and 14 is a coal mill.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the system for improving the drying output of the medium speed coal mill based on high temperature smoke extraction mainly comprises a pulverized coal boiler 1; a cold ash hopper area 2; a high temperature furnace smoke exhaust port 3; a high temperature furnace flue pipe 4; a medium temperature furnace flue pipe 5; a flue gas booster fan 6; an upstream hot primary air duct 7; a hot primary air bypass duct 8; a downstream hot primary air duct 9.
When the high-temperature furnace smoke is pumped to improve the drying output of the medium-speed coal mill, low-temperature hot primary air and high-temperature furnace smoke are mixed through a hot primary air bypass technology to obtain medium-temperature furnace smoke with moderate temperature, and a pressure head is lifted through a furnace smoke booster fan and then introduced into a downstream hot primary air pipeline through a mixing structure;
the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction amount is adjusted through the furnace smoke flow control valve, and the temperature of the medium at the inlet of the furnace smoke fan is controlled through the bypass air flow control valve.
The specific implementation process comprises the following steps:
extracting high-temperature furnace smoke with the temperature of about 850 ℃ from two side walls of a cold ash hopper area 2 of the pulverized coal boiler 1; part of hot air is extracted from an upstream hot primary air pipeline 7 through a hot primary air bypass pipeline 8 and is introduced into a high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 4, the temperature of the high-temperature furnace smoke is reduced to about 450 ℃, and medium-temperature furnace smoke is formed; the medium temperature furnace smoke is raised by the furnace smoke booster fan 6 and then is converged into the downstream hot primary air pipeline 9.
The temperature of the drying medium at the inlet of the coal mill is increased to about 400 ℃ by introducing a proper amount of high-temperature furnace smoke, so that the drying output of a pulverizing system can be greatly improved; because the inert furnace smoke is introduced, the oxygen content of the drying medium can be reduced to about 15 percent, the possibility of deflagration in the drying and grinding process of the high-volatile lignite is reduced, and the safety is improved. The amount of the bypass hot primary air is adjusted through a flow control valve 11 arranged on a hot primary air bypass pipeline 8, so that the temperature of a medium entering a furnace smoke booster fan is controlled; the flow control valve 13 arranged on the medium temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5 controls the smoke extraction amount of the high temperature furnace, and effectively controls the initial temperature of the drying medium at the inlet of the coal mill.
In the specific implementation process of the invention, the furnace smoke fan blade, the high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline, the medium-temperature furnace smoke pipeline and the downstream hot primary air pipeline need to adopt relevant anti-abrasion measures.
The above is a further detailed description of the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiments, which should not be considered as limiting the invention to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather as a matter of simple derivation or substitution within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims, it will be understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
Claims (3)
1. A system for improving the drying output of a medium-speed coal mill based on high-temperature furnace smoke pumping is characterized by comprising a pulverized coal boiler (1), wherein the pulverized coal boiler (1) is provided with a high-temperature furnace smoke pumping port (3) on each of two side walls of a cold ash bucket area (2), and the high-temperature furnace smoke pumping port (3) is connected with a furnace smoke booster fan (6) through a high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (4) and a medium-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5);
the high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (4) is connected with an upstream hot primary air pipeline (7) through a hot primary air bypass pipeline (8);
an outlet flue of the furnace smoke booster fan (6) is connected with a downstream hot primary air pipeline (9) through a mixing structure (12), and the tail end of the downstream hot primary air pipeline (9) is connected with a coal mill (14);
a bypass air flow control valve (11) is arranged on the hot primary air bypass pipeline (8), and a furnace smoke flow control valve (13) is arranged on the medium-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5);
the hot primary air bypass pipeline (8) is used for adjusting the temperature of high-temperature furnace smoke in the high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (4) to about 450 ℃ to form medium-temperature furnace smoke;
the furnace smoke booster fan (6) is used for increasing the medium temperature furnace smoke pressure head to be slightly higher than the medium pressure in the downstream hot primary air pipeline (9), and introducing the medium temperature furnace smoke into the downstream hot primary air pipeline (9), so that the temperature of the drying medium at the inlet of the coal mill (14) is increased to about 400 ℃.
2. The system for improving the drying output of the medium speed coal mill based on the high temperature extraction of the furnace smoke according to the claim 1, characterized in that the upstream hot primary air pipe (7) is provided with an air extraction opening (10).
3. The use method of the system for improving the drying output of the medium speed coal mill based on the high temperature extraction furnace smoke extraction is characterized by comprising the following steps;
smoke extraction ports are arranged on two side walls of a cold ash bucket area (2) of the pulverized coal boiler (1) to extract high-temperature furnace smoke with the temperature of about 850 ℃; part of hot air is extracted from an upstream hot primary air pipeline (7) through a hot primary air bypass pipeline (8) and is introduced into a high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (4), the temperature of the high-temperature furnace smoke is regulated to about 450 ℃, medium-temperature furnace smoke is formed, and the normal work of a furnace smoke booster fan (6) is ensured;
the medium-temperature furnace smoke is converged into a downstream hot primary air pipeline (9) after the pressure head is increased by a furnace smoke booster fan (6), and the temperature of a drying medium at an inlet of a coal mill (14) is increased to about 400 ℃; the bypass hot primary air quantity is adjusted through a bypass air flow control valve (11) arranged on a hot primary air bypass pipeline (8), and then the temperature of the medium-temperature furnace smoke is controlled; the high-temperature furnace smoke extraction amount is controlled through a furnace smoke flow control valve (13) arranged on a medium-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5), and the initial temperature of a drying medium at the inlet of a coal mill is effectively controlled;
the temperature of the grinding drying medium is increased to about 400 ℃ by introducing a proper amount of high-temperature furnace smoke, so that the drying output of the powder making system can be greatly improved; because the inert furnace smoke is introduced, the oxygen content of the drying medium can be reduced to about 15 percent, the possibility of deflagration in the drying and grinding process of the high-volatile lignite is reduced, and the safety is improved.
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