CN113819013A - Air layer ice preventing and removing system based on gas heat ice removing technology and design method thereof - Google Patents
Air layer ice preventing and removing system based on gas heat ice removing technology and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113819013A CN113819013A CN202111217692.1A CN202111217692A CN113819013A CN 113819013 A CN113819013 A CN 113819013A CN 202111217692 A CN202111217692 A CN 202111217692A CN 113819013 A CN113819013 A CN 113819013A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/60—Cooling or heating of wind motors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air layer ice preventing and removing system based on a gas-heat ice removing technology and a design method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wind power generation. The hot air generating and circulating system comprises a hot air generating and circulating system, a first ventilating pipe, a wind shield, a first exhaust pipe, an induced draft fan, a second ventilating pipe, a third ventilating pipe, a connecting air pipe, a fourth ventilating pipe, a backflow baffle, a second exhaust pipe and a third exhaust pipe. The hot air channel between the webs and the front edge/the rear edge of the blade is sealed by the wind shield and the backflow baffle, part of backflow hot air is extracted and sprayed out from the hot air spraying holes, and after the backflow hot air is wrapped by air, a hot air thin layer is formed on the outer surface of the blade. The fan blade is beneficial to heating and heat preservation of the outer surface of the fan blade, and heat transfer between the surface of the middle blade and the atmosphere is slowed down/inhibited, so that supercooled water drops pass through the thin layer and fall on the blade to be difficult to form ice coating, and the middle blade section with poor efficiency of heating the blade by hot blast due to large thickness plays an effective auxiliary ice prevention and removal effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to an air layer ice preventing and removing system based on a gas-heat ice removing technology and a design method thereof.
Background
In wind power plants in southern low wind speed areas and part of high wind speed areas, severe freezing problems generally exist in winter and spring. The blade of the wind turbine generator is coated with ice, so that the pneumatic appearance and weight distribution of the blade are changed, the load balance of the blade is broken, the vibration of the blade and a wind wheel and the like are caused, and the economical efficiency and safety of the operation and power production of the wind turbine generator are directly influenced.
The gas-heat deicing technology is a common wind turbine blade deicing method at the present stage, hot air is introduced into the blades to heat the surfaces of the blades, supercooled water drops are not easy to freeze on the surfaces or an ice coating layer is not easy to melt and fall off, and the effect of deicing prevention is achieved. For the gas-heated deicing technology of the blade, the requirements of the blade structure safety on temperature (for example, the temperature of hot air flow does not exceed 70 ℃) and the heat consumption of a system need to be considered, namely, high-temperature hot air flow cannot be introduced at once to realize deicing prevention.
In fact, the wind turbine generator is in climate and topographic environment which is easy to congeal, when the blade icing condition is serious, when the gas-heated deicing operation is performed, the effect that the whole long fan blade cannot realize uniform deicing can be generated, namely, under the condition that the part of the delivery pipe outlet close to hot air flow and the blade tip part can effectively deice, the middle section of the long blade is larger in blade thickness, and the contacted hot air flow heats the blade part at the downstream of the gas delivery pipe to cause the temperature of the air flow to be reduced, so that the thick blade at the middle section of the blade cannot be effectively heated, the deicing effect the same as the blade tip part and other parts can not be realized, the formation and development of icing are about to occur, and adverse effects are generated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an air layer ice preventing and removing system based on a gas-thermal deicing technology and a design method thereof, which can form a continuous and relatively uniform thin layer of hot air on the outer surface area of the middle section of the blade, so that the hot air flow output by the system can meet the relatively uniform heating and deicing requirements of the whole blade.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an air layer anti-icing and deicing system based on a gas-heated deicing technology, which comprises a hot air generating and circulating system, a first ventilating pipe, a wind shield, a first exhaust pipe, an induced draft fan, a second ventilating pipe, a third ventilating pipe, a connecting air pipe, a fourth ventilating pipe, a backflow baffle, a second exhaust pipe and a third exhaust pipe;
the wind shield is arranged between the front edge of the blade and the first web plate, and is provided with a vent hole which is connected with an air outlet device of the hot air generating and circulating system through a first vent pipe; the backflow baffle is arranged between the first web plate and the tail edge of the blade, the second exhaust pipe penetrates through the backflow baffle and extends into a position between the first web plate and the second web plate, the third exhaust pipe penetrates through the backflow baffle and extends into a position between the second web plate and the tail edge of the blade, and the second exhaust pipe and the third exhaust pipe are both connected to an air return device of the hot air generating and circulating system; the first exhaust pipe penetrates through the backflow baffle and extends into a position between the first web plate and the tail edge of the blade, and the first exhaust pipe is connected with the third vent pipe through the induced draft fan; a plurality of hot air ejection holes are formed in the front edge of the blade in the middle section of the blade; the fourth ventilation pipe is arranged on the inner surface of the blade at the front edge of the blade and is parallel to the unfolding direction of the blade; the fourth ventilation pipe is connected with the third ventilation pipe and is respectively connected with the hot air ejection holes through a plurality of connecting air pipes; the hot air sprayed from the hot air spray holes passes through the air to be wrapped on the outer surface of the blade to form a hot air thin layer.
Preferably, the hot air generating and circulating system comprises a blower, a heater and a controller which are arranged in the blade root, the inlet of the blower is connected with an induced air pipe, the opening of the induced air pipe is provided with an electric valve, the outlet of the blower is connected with the inlet of the heater, and the outlet of the heater is connected with the first ventilation pipe; the second ventilation pipe and the third ventilation pipe are converged to a second ventilation pipe, and the second ventilation pipe is connected to the induced draft pipe; the air blower, the heater, the induced draft fan and the electric valve are respectively connected with the controller.
Further preferably, a thermocouple is arranged at the outlet of the heater and is connected with the controller.
Preferably, the hot gas ejection holes comprise first hot gas ejection holes and second hot gas ejection holes, the axes of the first hot gas ejection holes are arranged in the direction inclined to the suction surface of the blade relative to the chord line of the blade, and the axes of the second hot gas ejection holes are arranged in the direction inclined to the pressure surface of the blade relative to the chord line of the blade.
Further preferably, the intervals of the plurality of first hot air spouting holes are equal, and the intervals of the plurality of second hot air spouting holes are equal.
More preferably, the included angle between the axis of the first hot gas ejection hole and the chord line of the blade is 45-60 degrees, and the included angle between the axis of the second hot gas ejection hole and the chord line of the blade is 45-60 degrees.
Preferably, a plurality of base plates are fixed on the inner surface of the blade, the first web or the second web, and the wind deflector and the backflow baffle are detachably connected and installed on the base plates.
Preferably, the third ventilation pipe is arranged in the middle of one side of the fourth ventilation pipe, and the plurality of connecting air pipes are uniformly distributed on the other side of the fourth ventilation pipe.
Preferably, the fourth ventilation pipe is a venturi pipe structure.
The invention discloses a design method of an air layer ice preventing and removing system based on a gas-heat ice removing technology, which comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the main wind speed range and the wing profile of the fan, determining the position, the speed value and the direction of the jet airflow which can be smoothly wrapped by the air in front of the front edge of the blade and can flow along the surface of the blade to form an air thin layer, and optimizing the values;
s2: combining the optimized values, simulating the effective width of an air thin layer formed by airflow sprayed by the hot air spraying holes in the spanwise direction of the blade under the condition of different diameters of the vent holes, and selecting the proper diameter of the hot air spraying holes;
s3: determining the length of the middle section of the blade needing to be provided with the hot gas ejection holes, and primarily determining the number of the hot gas ejection holes needing to be arranged in the spanwise direction of the front edge of the blade, so that a continuous and relatively uniform thin air layer can be formed on the surface of the whole blade needing to be provided with the hot gas ejection holes;
s4: adopting numerical simulation to form unfolding observation on the air thin layer of all the hot air ejection holes when the hot air ejection holes operate under the determined parameters from S1 to S3, and carrying out optimization adjustment on the parameters to form the final design parameters of the hot air ejection holes;
s5: calculating the air injection flow of the single hot air ejection hole, the number of the hot air ejection holes and the air extraction amount of the induced draft fan;
s6: according to the structural parameters of the third ventilation pipe, the fourth ventilation pipe and the connecting pipeline, the on-way resistance of all the extracted air flows is calculated, the pipe diameters of the pipelines are optimized, and the resistance loss is reduced;
s7: based on the air extraction amount and the resistance loss, the type of the induced draft fan is selected, and main operation parameters of the hot air generating and circulating system are determined, so that the air amount supplemented by the hot air generating and circulating system and the air extraction amount of the induced draft fan are kept balanced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses an air layer ice preventing and removing system based on a gas heat ice removing technology. The fan blade is beneficial to heating and heat preservation of the outer surface of the fan blade, and heat transfer between the surface of the middle blade and the atmosphere is slowed down/inhibited, so that supercooled water drops pass through the thin layer and fall on the blade to be difficult to form ice coating, and the middle blade section with poor efficiency of heating the blade by hot blast due to large thickness plays an effective auxiliary ice prevention and removal effect.
Furthermore, the main components of the hot air generating and circulating system are arranged in the blade root, so that the weight of the blade can be reduced, and the space at the blade root is larger, thereby being convenient for maintenance.
Furthermore, the temperature of the outlet of the heater is detected by the thermocouple and fed back to the controller, so that the air quantity of the blower and the power of the heater can be adjusted in real time, uniform heating of the blades is guaranteed, and energy consumption is saved.
Furthermore, the first hot air ejection holes and the second hot air ejection holes are respectively arranged obliquely to the suction surface and the pressure surface of the blade, so that hot air can be favorably formed into a hot air thin layer along the suction surface and the pressure surface of the blade respectively.
Furthermore, the intervals of the first hot air jet holes and the second hot air jet holes are equal, so that a thin hot air layer formed on the outer surface of the blade is uniform.
Furthermore, the included angle between the axis of the first hot air ejection hole and the chord line of the blade is 45-60 degrees, the included angle between the axis of the second hot air ejection hole and the chord line of the blade is 45-60 degrees, the included angle is too large, the ejected hot air is mostly deflected and vertically ejected into the front edge of the blade, the hot air cannot be effectively and fully wrapped and clamped by the front edge of the blade to change the direction, namely, the hot air cannot be effectively and tightly attached to the surface of the blade, and the protection effect of a hot air layer is reduced; if the included angle is too small, the injected hot air flows are injected into the front edge of the blade more in parallel to flow and are mixed to form a hot air layer on the suction surface and the pressure surface of the blade, and the influence of fluctuation of the flow direction is great, so that the relatively consistent hot air layer cannot be formed on the suction surface and the pressure surface of the blade.
Furthermore, a plurality of base plates are fixed on the inner surface of the blade and the first web or the second web, and the wind shield and the backflow baffle are detachably connected with the mounting base plate, so that the fan blade is convenient to maintain.
Furthermore, the third vent pipe is arranged in the middle of one side of the fourth vent pipe, and the connecting air pipes are uniformly distributed on the other side of the fourth vent pipe, so that the uniform air distribution of hot air is facilitated, and the hot air sprayed from the hot air spraying holes is relatively uniform.
Furthermore, the fourth air duct adopts a venturi tube structure, which is beneficial to balancing all hot air flows entering the connecting air duct, and avoids too little hot air flow distributed by the connecting air ducts arranged at two ends of the fourth air duct.
According to the flow channel design method of the air layer deicing system based on the gas-heat deicing technology, the number, the arrangement position, the aperture and the direction of the hot gas ejection holes are designed, so that hot gas flow ejected by the hot gas ejection holes can be smoothly wrapped by the front edge of the blade, and a continuous and generally relatively uniform air thin layer is formed along the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade in the spanwise direction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial hot gas delivery circuit within the bucket;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of the hot gas delivery lines inside the bucket;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vent structure of an air layer deicing method;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fixed mounting of the baffle to the inner surface of the web/blade.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a thin layer of air on the surface of a blade;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of a fourth ventilation pipe with an optimized structure.
In the figure: 1. a blade root; 2. a blower; 3. a heater; 4. a thermocouple; 5. a first vent pipe; 6. a wind deflector; 7. a blade leading edge; 8. a blade tip; 9. a first exhaust pipe; 10. an induced draft fan; 11. a second vent pipe; 12. a third vent pipe; 13. a first web; 14. a second web; 15. a trailing edge of the blade; 16. a controller; 17. connecting an air pipe; 18. a fourth ventilation pipe; 19. an outer surface of the blade; 20. an inner surface of the blade; 21. a blade chord line; 22. a first hot air ejection hole; 23. a second hot air ejection hole; 24. an electrically operated valve; 25. a reflux baffle; 26. a second exhaust pipe; 27. a third exhaust pipe; 28. a substrate.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting:
as shown in figure 1, for the air layer deicing system based on the gas-heat deicing technology, a hot air generating and circulating system is constructed in the blade, air flow output by a blower 2 enters a heater 3, heating wires are arranged in the heater 3, the air is fully contacted with the heating wires heated by electrification to be heated into hot air flow with a proper temperature range (not more than 70 ℃), a thermocouple 4 is arranged at the outlet of the heater 3 for measuring the temperature of the air flow, and signals of the thermocouple are collected by a controller 16 arranged at the blade root 1 and fed back to control the operation of the equipment.
Since the blade root and the vicinity thereof have a relatively low deicing requirement, the hot gas flow is fed via the first ventilating duct 5 to the outer blade root segment, which has a high deicing requirement. Because the inside of the blade is a closed space, a plurality of webs (generally 2, such as a first web 13 near the leading edge 7 of the blade and a second web 14 near the trailing edge 15 of the blade) are vertically arranged in the blade to connect the suction surface and the pressure surface of the fixed blade. The wind shield 6 is arranged at a proper position between the front edge 7 of the blade and the first web 13, the wind shield 6 is parallel to the chordwise direction of the blade and is perpendicular to the first web 13, a circular hole with the same outer diameter as that of the first ventilation pipe 5 is arranged at a proper position of the wind shield 6 close to the first web 13, and the circular hole is directly connected with an outlet of the first ventilation pipe 5. The first ventilation pipe 5 is fixed to the first web 13 by a pipe clamp or the like, and the blower 2 and the heater 3 or the like are fixed to the inner surface of the blade root 1.
The hot air is sent into a flow channel space at the downstream of the wind deflector 6, flows to the blade tip, then turns back to the second web plate 14, is divided into two air flows, and respectively flows back to the vicinity of the blade root 1.
The hot gas flow is fed into the inner chamber of the blade through the first ventilation duct 5 and exchanges heat with the inner surface of the blade in the process of flowing back to the blade root 1. In the area close to the wind shield 6, the hot air temperature is high, the heating effect is good, and in the blade tip 8, although the temperature of the hot air is reduced through long-distance heat exchange, the heating effect at the blade position is also good due to the small thickness at the blade tip 8. In contrast, in the middle section of the area between the wind shield 6 and the blade tip 8, because the thickness of the blade is larger, the temperature of the hot air flow is reduced compared with the temperature of the extraction opening of the wind shield 6, and the air outlet of the wind shield 6 is close to the first web 13, and the temperature distribution uniformity of the hot air flow is not good in the process of flowing the hot air to the blade tip 8 (namely, on the cross section perpendicular to the span direction of the blade, the temperature of the area close to the first web 13 is higher in the space between the front edge 7 of the blade and the first web 13. due to the existence of the 3 factors, the hot air heating effect in the middle section of the blade is not good.
At the end of the recirculation zone of the hot gas flow, i.e. in the region between the first web 13 and the blade trailing edge 15, a recirculation baffle 25 is likewise provided. The return flow baffle 25 is in direct close connection with the end of the longer web of the blade (usually the middle web, i.e. the first web 13) near the blade root 1, and likewise the return flow baffle 25 is perpendicular to the first web 13 and parallel to the chord direction of the blade. As shown in fig. 1, the relatively short second web 14 is not connected to the backflow baffle 25, and a through-flow area is left between the second web and the backflow baffle, so that the influence of the induced draft fan on the blade heating effect in the trailing edge area of the blade caused by changing the flow distribution of the backflow in the two flow channels is avoided.
A first exhaust pipe 9 is arranged at a proper position on the backflow baffle 25 close to the tail edge 15 of the blade, and part of backflow hot air is extracted under the air exhaust power provided by the induced draft fan 10 and conveyed to the middle position of the blade through the third ventilation pipe 12. The third ventilation pipe 12 is fixed to the inner surface of the blade by using a clip fixing method with reference to the first ventilation pipe 5, and then passes through the backflow prevention plate 25 and is fixed to the first web 13.
A second exhaust pipe 26 and a third exhaust pipe 27 with larger apertures are respectively arranged on the backflow baffle 25, which are located at the upper part and the lower part of the second web 14, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the second exhaust pipe 26 is extended and fixed at the upper part of the second web 14, and the expected through-flow and heat exchange effects of hot air in the flow channel above the second web 14 are realized by using the exhaust power provided by the blower 2.
The air flows extracted by the second exhaust pipe 26 and the third exhaust pipe 27 are merged and then returned to the inlet of the blower 2 through the second vent pipe 11, and circularly participate in the ventilation of the blower 2 and the heating of the heater 3. An electric valve 24 is arranged in an inlet flow channel of the blower 2, the controller 16 controls the electric valve 24, and the air quantity entering the blower 2 is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the electric valve 24 to be used as a supplementary air source of the air flow extracted by the first exhaust pipe 9.
The controller 16 arranged at the blade root 1 combines the temperature measurement of the thermocouple 4 and the original measurement data (such as the surface temperature of the blade) such as the ice coating detection arranged on the outer surface of the blade, and comprehensively controls the power of the induced draft fan 10, the air blower 2 and the heater 3, so that the hot air flow and the temperature at the outlet of the first ventilation pipe 5 can meet the requirements of a gas-heat and air layer mixed ice prevention and removal method. The system operation method and the optimized parameter combination suitable for the invention are obtained by coupling the operation parameters of each component with the measurement data.
The hot air flow extracted by the induced draft fan 10 is conveyed to the middle section of the blade, and the third ventilation pipe 12 passes through the first web 13 and then extends to the vicinity of the leading edge 7 of the blade, see fig. 2 and 3. And a fourth ventilation pipe 18 which is fixed on the inner surface 20 of the blade and is parallel to the spanwise direction of the blade is arranged to be used as a distribution main pipe of airflow conveyed by the third ventilation pipe 12. The hot gas ejection hole combinations of different numbers are arranged at certain intervals in the spanwise direction of the blade front edge 7 of the blade middle section. Each hot gas ejection hole combination includes a first hot gas ejection hole 22 located diagonally above the chord line and a second hot gas ejection hole 23 located diagonally below the chord line.
Referring to fig. 7, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fourth ventilation pipe 18 is a venturi structure, that is, the middle section of the fourth ventilation pipe 18 is provided with a gradually tapered and then gradually expanded venturi structure towards two ends, so as to balance all the hot air flows entering the connecting ventilation pipes, and avoid too little hot air flow distributed by the connecting ventilation pipes arranged at two ends of the fourth ventilation pipe.
In fig. 3, the fourth ventilation duct 18 and the hot gas ejection holes are connected by the connecting duct 17. In this way, the induced draft fan 10 extracts the air flow at the blade root and conveys the air flow to the blade outer surface 19 in the middle section of the blade through each hot air jet hole, and the air flowing-in flow is wrapped on the blade outer surface 19 to form a hot air thin layer, as shown in fig. 6.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic design diagram of the hot gas ejection holes, and the main design parameters include the position of the holes, the diameter and direction of the through holes, and the like, and are designed by combining the proper gas injection speed. If the air speed at the outlet of the hot air ejection hole is too high, namely the hot air is ejected in a high-speed jet flow mode, the air is not easily wrapped by the incoming flow of the blade front edge 7, and the aim of constructing an air thin layer cannot be fulfilled. The method mainly utilizes a CFD numerical simulation method to carry out simulation observation, and the design method comprises the following steps:
1) based on the main wind speed range (such as 5-8 m/s) designed by fan power generation and conditions such as specific airfoil profile, assuming that hot air is uniformly sprayed out from the spanwise direction of the blade leading edge 7, determining the position, speed value and direction of the sprayed hot air (corresponding to included angles alpha 1 and alpha 2 between the axis of a hot air spraying hole in fig. 4 and a blade chord line 21) which can be smoothly wrapped by air coming in front of the blade leading edge 7 and can flow along the surface of the blade to form an air thin layer, and optimizing the value combination;
2) observing the effective width (the spanwise direction of the blade) of an air thin layer formed by the airflow jetted by one hot air jetting hole combination under the condition of different hot air jetting hole diameters by combining the position and the speed of the jetted hot airflow, and selecting proper hot air jetting hole diameters (namely the inner diameter d1 of the first hot air jetting hole 22 and the inner diameter d2 of the second hot air jetting hole 23 in the figure 4);
3) estimating the number of hot air jet hole combinations required to be arranged in the spanwise direction of the blade front edge 7 based on the length of the middle section of the blade needing an air layer method, so that a continuous and relatively uniform thin air layer can be formed on the surface of the blade in the whole middle section of the blade;
4) based on a numerical simulation method, the air layer formation development observation of all the hot air ejection holes when the hot air ejection holes operate under the design parameters is carried out, and the parameters are optimized and adjusted to form final design parameters;
5) calculating the air injection flow rate of the single hot air ejection hole combination, the number of the hot air ejection hole combinations and the air extraction amount of the induced draft fan 10;
6) calculating the on-way resistance of all the extracted airflow by combining the pipeline conditions of the third ventilation pipe 12, the fourth ventilation pipe 18, the connecting pipeline 17 and the like, and optimizing the pipe diameters of each ventilation pipe and each connecting pipe to reduce resistance loss;
7) based on the air extraction amount and the resistance loss, the induced draft fan 10 is subjected to model selection, and main operation parameters (opening degree and the like) of the electric valve 24 are controlled, so that the air amount supplemented into the air blower 2 is the air extraction amount of the induced draft fan.
The wind deflector 6 and the return flow deflector 25 are provided in a detachable manner for maintenance of the fan blades. As shown in fig. 5, a small-sized base plate 28 is fixedly mounted on the web or inner surface of the blade, and the wind deflector 6 or the backflow deflector 25 is fixed on the base plate 21 by bolts or other connection forms, so that the wind deflector is convenient to detach during maintenance. In order to reduce the influence of the arrangement of the baffles and the pipelines on the running load of the unit, the through-flow pipelines, the wind shield 6, the backflow baffle 25, the base plate 21 and the like should be made of materials which are low in density, high in strength and relatively heat-resistant.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and although some terms are used in the present invention, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention and are to be construed as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the invention. The foregoing is merely an illustration of the present invention for the purpose of providing an easy understanding and is not intended to limit the present invention to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, and any technical extensions or innovations made herein are protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An air layer ice preventing and removing system based on a gas heat ice removing technology is characterized by comprising a hot air generating and circulating system, a first ventilation pipe (5), a wind shield (6), a first exhaust pipe (9), an induced draft fan (10), a second ventilation pipe (11), a third ventilation pipe (12), a connecting air pipe (17), a fourth ventilation pipe (18), a backflow baffle plate (25), a second exhaust pipe (26) and a third exhaust pipe (27);
the wind shield (6) is arranged between the front edge (7) of the blade and the first web plate (13), the wind shield (6) is provided with a vent hole, and the vent hole is connected with an air outlet device of the hot air generating and circulating system through a first vent pipe (5); the backflow baffle (25) is arranged between the first web plate (13) and the blade tail edge (15), the second air extraction pipe (26) penetrates through the backflow baffle (25) and extends into a position between the first web plate (13) and the second web plate (14), the third air extraction pipe (27) penetrates through the backflow baffle (25) and extends into a position between the second web plate (14) and the blade tail edge (15), and the second air extraction pipe (26) and the third air extraction pipe (27) are both connected to an air return device of the hot air generating and circulating system; the first exhaust pipe (9) penetrates through the backflow baffle (25) and extends into a position between the first web plate (13) and the tail edge (15) of the blade, and the first exhaust pipe (9) is connected with the third vent pipe (12) through the induced draft fan (10); a plurality of hot air jet holes are arranged on the front edge (7) of the blade in the middle section of the blade; the fourth ventilation pipe (18) is arranged on the inner surface (20) of the blade at the front edge (7) of the blade and is parallel to the span direction of the blade; the fourth ventilation pipe (18) is connected with the third ventilation pipe (12) and is simultaneously connected with the plurality of hot air ejection holes through a plurality of connecting air pipes (17) respectively; the hot air sprayed from the hot air spray holes passes through the air to be wrapped on the outer surface (19) of the blade to form a hot air thin layer.
2. The air layer ice prevention and removal system based on the gas-heat deicing technology is characterized in that the hot air generating and circulating system comprises a blower (2), a heater (3) and a controller (16) which are arranged in a blade root (1), wherein an inlet of the blower (2) is connected with an induced draft pipe, an electric valve (24) is arranged at an opening of the induced draft pipe, an outlet of the blower (2) is connected with an inlet of the heater (3), and an outlet of the heater (3) is connected with a first ventilation pipe (5); the second exhaust pipe (26) and the third exhaust pipe (27) are converged to the second vent pipe (11), and the second vent pipe (11) is connected to the induced draft pipe; the air blower (2), the heater (3), the induced draft fan (10) and the electric valve (24) are respectively connected with the controller (16).
3. Air-layer deicing system based on gas-heated deicing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that a thermocouple (4) is provided at the outlet of the heater (3), and the thermocouple (4) is connected to the controller (16).
4. The air-layer deicing system based on gas-thermal deicing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot gas ejection holes comprise first hot gas ejection holes (22) and second hot gas ejection holes (23), the axes of the first hot gas ejection holes (22) are arranged obliquely to the blade suction surface with respect to the blade chord line, and the axes of the second hot gas ejection holes (23) are arranged obliquely to the blade pressure surface with respect to the blade chord line.
5. The air-layer deicing system based on gas-heat deicing technology according to claim 4, wherein the intervals of the plurality of first hot air ejection holes (22) are equal, and the intervals of the plurality of second hot air ejection holes (23) are equal.
6. The air layer ice and ice preventing system based on the gas heat deicing technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein the included angle between the axis of the first hot gas ejection holes (22) and the chord line of the blade is 45-60 °, and the included angle between the axis of the second hot gas ejection holes (23) and the chord line of the blade is 45-60 °.
7. Air-layer deicing system based on gas-heated deicing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of base plates (21) are fixed on the inner surface of the blade, the first web (13) or the second web (14), and the wind deflector (6) and the return flow baffle (25) are detachably connected and mounted on the base plates (21).
8. The air layer ice preventing and removing system based on the gas-heated deicing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a third ventilation pipe (12) is arranged in the middle of one side of a fourth ventilation pipe (18), and a plurality of connecting ventilation pipes (17) are uniformly distributed on the other side of the fourth ventilation pipe (18).
9. Air-layer deicing system based on gas-thermal deicing technology according to claim 8, characterized in that the fourth ventilation duct (18) is a venturi tube structure.
10. The design method of the air layer deicing system based on the air-heated deicing technology according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
s1: according to the main wind speed range and the wing profile of the fan, the position, the speed value and the direction of the jet airflow which can be smoothly wrapped by the air in front of the front edge (7) of the blade and can flow along the surface of the blade to form an air thin layer are determined, and the values are optimized;
s2: combining the optimized values, simulating the effective width of an air thin layer formed by airflow sprayed by the hot air spraying holes in the spanwise direction of the blade under the condition of different diameters of the vent holes, and selecting the proper diameter of the hot air spraying holes;
s3: determining the length of the middle section of the blade needing to be provided with the hot gas ejection holes, and primarily determining the number of the hot gas ejection holes needing to be arranged in the spanwise direction of the front edge (7) of the blade, so that a continuous and relatively uniform thin air layer can be formed on the surface of the whole blade needing to be provided with the hot gas ejection holes;
s4: adopting numerical simulation to form unfolding observation on the air thin layer of all the hot air ejection holes when the hot air ejection holes operate under the determined parameters from S1 to S3, and carrying out optimization adjustment on the parameters to form the final design parameters of the hot air ejection holes;
s5: calculating the air injection flow of the single hot air ejection hole, the number of the hot air ejection holes and the air extraction amount of the induced draft fan (10);
s6: according to the structural parameters of the third ventilation pipe (12), the fourth ventilation pipe (18) and the connecting pipeline (17), calculating the on-way resistance of all the extracted air flows, optimizing the pipe diameter of each pipeline and reducing the resistance loss;
s7: based on the air extraction amount and the resistance loss, the type of the induced draft fan (10) is selected, and main operation parameters of the hot air generating and circulating system are determined, so that the air amount supplemented by the hot air generating and circulating system and the air extraction amount of the induced draft fan (10) are kept balanced.
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| CN202111217692.1A CN113819013A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Air layer ice preventing and removing system based on gas heat ice removing technology and design method thereof |
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| CN202111217692.1A CN113819013A (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Air layer ice preventing and removing system based on gas heat ice removing technology and design method thereof |
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