CN113818101B - Wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113818101B
CN113818101B CN202111008283.0A CN202111008283A CN113818101B CN 113818101 B CN113818101 B CN 113818101B CN 202111008283 A CN202111008283 A CN 202111008283A CN 113818101 B CN113818101 B CN 113818101B
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polyester
conductive
magnetic
melt
wave
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CN113818101A (en
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刘哲
贺思佳
汪秀琛
尉霞
马廷钦
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Xian Polytechnic University
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Xian Polytechnic University
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which comprises a double-opening resonator area formed by conductive polyester and a wave-absorbing enhancement area formed by magnetic polyester, wherein the double-opening resonator area comprises the following components in parts by weight: the conductive polyester composite material comprises an outer ring, an outer ring opening, an inner ring conductive polyester and an inner ring opening, wherein the outer ring opening and the inner ring opening are required to be designed in opposite directions and at corresponding positions; reinforcing a wave-absorbing area: the fabric comprises core magnetic polyester, inner layer magnetic polyester and outer layer magnetic polyester, wherein the three parts of polyester are mutually connected and run through and are filled in all areas of the fiber except the conductive polyester. According to the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, the conductive particles and the magnetic particles are used for applying the wave-absorbing device structure to the regenerated polyester fiber, so that the regenerated polyester fiber is endowed with effective wave-absorbing and shielding functions. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.

Description

Wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile materials, relates to a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, and further relates to a preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
Background
The electromagnetic shielding fabric is an important electromagnetic compatible material and is widely applied to the fields of military and national defense, aerospace, power and electricity, civil medical treatment and the like. However, for a long time, electromagnetic shielding fabrics have a serious technical defect that reflective materials such as stainless steel fibers and silver-plated fibers are mostly adopted for production, so that not only is multiple reflections easily generated in a shielding cavity to cause greater damage to a protected object, but also secondary pollution is caused to the surrounding environment due to the reflections. On the other hand, the polyester garbage in daily life and industry represented by plastic bottles, plastic bags and waste textiles is growing in the years and is difficult to degrade and convert through natural conditions, so that the global environment is greatly damaged, but the functional regeneration and utilization technology still has many defects at present, and particularly, the technology for simultaneously enabling the regenerated polyester fiber to have electromagnetic shielding, shielding and wave absorbing functions does not exist. Therefore, how to efficiently utilize the waste polyester material and change the waste into valuable becomes a novel material for overcoming the current defects of the electromagnetic shielding fabric, not only saves petroleum resources and protects the natural environment, but also solves the problems of the electromagnetic shielding fabric, and is a great demand in China and even in the world.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which uses regenerated polyester fiber, conductive particles and magnetic particles to apply a wave-absorbing device structure to the regenerated polyester fiber, thereby endowing the regenerated polyester fiber with effective wave-absorbing and shielding functions.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the wave-absorbing type electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber comprises a double-opening resonator area formed by conductive polyester and a wave-absorbing enhancement area formed by magnetic polyester, wherein the double-opening resonator area comprises outer ring conductive polyester and inner ring conductive polyester which is coaxial with the outer ring conductive polyester and is positioned in the outer ring conductive polyester, an outer ring opening and an inner ring opening are respectively arranged on the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester, and the outer ring opening and the inner ring opening are correspondingly arranged and opposite in position and direction;
the reinforced wave-absorbing region comprises core magnetic polyester positioned in the inner ring conductive polyester, inner layer magnetic polyester positioned between the inner ring conductive polyester and the outer ring conductive polyester and outer layer magnetic polyester positioned outside the outer ring conductive polyester, and the core magnetic polyester, the inner layer magnetic polyester and the outer layer magnetic polyester are mutually connected, run through and filled in all regions outside the double-opening resonator region.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the inner ring conductive polyester and the outer ring conductive polyester are made of the same material and are a blend of a regenerated polyester melt and conductive particles, the mass ratio of the conductive particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 1.
The ratio of the diameter of the outer ring conductive polyester to the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber is 6 to 10, the width of the outer ring conductive polyester is 5 to 20 percent of the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber, the ratio of the radian size of an outer ring opening to the circumference of the outer ring conductive polyester is 1 to 10, the distance between the inner ring conductive polyester and the outer ring conductive polyester is 5 to 20 percent of the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber, the ratio of the diameter of the inner ring conductive polyester to the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber is 2 to 10, the width of the inner ring conductive polyester is 5 to 20 percent of the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber, and the ratio of the radian size of the inner ring opening to the circumference of the inner ring conductive polyester is 1 to 10.
The core magnetic polyester, the inner layer magnetic polyester and the outer layer magnetic polyester are made of the same material and are all blends of regenerated polyester melt and magnetic particles, the mass ratio of the magnetic particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 0.5 to 10, the relative permeability of the core magnetic polyester, the inner layer magnetic polyester and the outer layer magnetic polyester is more than 10, and the magnetic particles are one or a mixture of more of nano ferrite, nano nickel powder and nano iron powder.
The invention adopts another scheme that the preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber is used for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, classifying the waste polyester bottle chips according to the oil stain content and the organic sticky matter content;
step 2, determining the use amount of a nano cleaning agent titanium dioxide and a common cleaning agent according to the waste polyester bottle chips in a grading manner, and completing nano cleaning of the waste polyester bottle chips by assisting an illumination system during cleaning;
step 3, feeding, pre-drying and vacuum drying crystallization are carried out on the polyester bottle chips cleaned in the step 2;
step 4, preparing a conductive polyester melt and a magnetic polyester melt;
step 5, improving rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4;
step 6, distributing and transmitting the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt with the rheological property improved in the step 5 to each area of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber by adopting a spinning device according to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, wherein the spinning device adopts a multi-channel spinneret plate;
and 7, spinning, winding, barrel falling, speed collecting, drafting and curling, relaxation and heat setting, cooling and cutting off are carried out after the spinning in the step 6 to obtain the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
The second aspect of the present invention is also characterized in that,
in the step 2, the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is 1 to 5 to 1, and after the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is determined, the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid are dispersed into the aqueous dispersion liquid, so that the concentration of the dispersed liquid is ensured to be 5-70%;
the preparation of the conductive polyester melt in the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: mixing conductive particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 1 to 2 to 1, and then heating and melting to obtain the conductive polyester melt, wherein the conductive particles are one or a mixture of more of ATO conductive powder, conductive carbon black, conductive graphene, silver powder and a high-molecular conductive material;
the preparation of the magnetic polyester melt specifically comprises the following steps: mixing magnetic particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 0.5 to 10, and then heating and melting to obtain the magnetic polyester melt, wherein the magnetic particles are one or a mixture of more of nano ferrite, nano nickel powder and nano iron powder.
The improvement of the rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4 in the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
adding glycol, biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase and nano silicon dioxide in a certain proportion into the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass ratio of the glycol to the biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase to the nano silicon dioxide is 1:0.2:0.2 to 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of the glycol, the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and the nano silicon dioxide to the mass of the conductive polyester melt or the magnetic polyester melt is 0.1 to 10.
The multi-channel spinneret plate is internally embedded with at least one totally-closed double-opening resonator spinneret hole, each totally-closed double-opening resonator spinneret hole corresponds to a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber structure and comprises a double-opening resonator area and a wave-absorbing enhancement area, the multi-channel spinneret plate further comprises a magnetic polyester melt primary channel and a conductive polyester melt primary channel, the conductive polyester melt primary channel is at least connected with a conductive polyester melt secondary channel, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel corresponds to one totally-closed double-opening resonator spinneret hole, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel is connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels, the two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels respectively correspond to the positions of outer ring conductive polyester and inner ring conductive polyester in the double-opening resonator area of the totally-closed double-opening resonator spinneret hole, the magnetic polyester melt primary channel is further connected with at least one magnetic polyester melt secondary channel, each magnetic polyester melt secondary channel corresponds to one totally-closed double-opening resonator spinneret hole, the magnetic polyester melt secondary channel is further connected with at least three magnetic polyester melt channels, the magnetic polyester core portion of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic double-opening enhancement area corresponding to the double-opening resonator spinneret hole and the magnetic polyester melt secondary channel.
The spinneret holes of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator are respectively provided with a core magnetic polyester inlet, an inner layer magnetic polyester inlet, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet, a core magnetic polyester inlet, an inner layer magnetic polyester inlet and an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet, which are respectively arranged at the positions corresponding to the core magnetic polyester, the inner layer magnetic polyester and the outer layer magnetic polyester inlets of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret holes.
And 6, during spinning, simultaneously reducing the temperature of a bent pipe area at the front end of the spinning device and the temperature of a spinning box to 220-285 ℃, and the pressure of the spinning box to 0.5-0.75MPa, when the melt reaches a multi-channel spinneret plate, ensuring that the temperature of the melt is higher than 285 ℃, simultaneously setting the speed of a screw rod to be higher than 30 revolutions per minute, and setting the retention time of the melt in the screw rod area to be longer than 5 minutes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention firstly provides a double-opening resonator structure and applies the double-opening resonator structure to the regenerated polyester fiber, so that the regenerated polyester fiber has wave-absorbing and shielding properties. The intelligent cleaning technology with low cost and high efficiency is established by adopting a mixing mode of a nano cleaning agent titanium dioxide and a common cleaning solution for the first time, so that the waste polyester is cleaned more intelligently and efficiently. A special multi-channel spinneret plate based on a double-opening resonator structure is designed for the first time, and a novel nano/biological composite degradation technology and a matched step temperature high-pressure spinning method for improving the rheological properties of a conductive melt and a magnetic melt are established so as to ensure the spinning quality of the regenerated polyester fibers of the double-opening resonator. The invention not only meets the urgent requirements of various industries on the suction wave type electromagnetic shielding fabric, but also meets the national strong support for recycling waste polyester materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a drawing of one embodiment of a multi-channel spinneret plate in the method for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a channel arrangement structure of a multi-channel spinneret plate in the preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
In the figure, 1, an outer ring conductive polyester, 2, an outer ring opening, 3, an inner ring conductive polyester, 4, an inner ring opening, 5, a core magnetic polyester, 6, an inner layer magnetic polyester, 7, an outer layer magnetic polyester, 8, a vertical incident electromagnetic wave, 9, a reflected electromagnetic wave, 10, a multi-channel spinneret plate, 11, a fully-closed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice, 12, a magnetic polyester melt primary channel, 13, a conductive polyester melt primary channel, 14, a conductive polyester melt secondary channel, 15, a magnetic polyester melt secondary channel, 16, a conductive polyester melt tertiary channel, 17, a magnetic polyester tertiary channel, 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port, 19, an outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port, 20, an inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port, 21, a core magnetic polyester inlet, 22, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port, 23, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port a,24 and a fully-closed cover plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which has a structure shown in figure 1-2 and comprises a double-opening resonator area formed by conductive polyester and a wave-absorbing enhancement area formed by magnetic polyester, wherein the double-opening resonator area comprises outer ring conductive polyester 1 and inner ring conductive polyester 3 which is coaxial with the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and is positioned in the outer ring conductive polyester 1, the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and the inner ring conductive polyester 3 are respectively provided with an outer ring opening 2 and an inner ring opening 4, and the outer ring opening 2 and the inner ring opening 4 are correspondingly arranged and have opposite directions;
the reinforced wave-absorbing region comprises core magnetic polyester 5 positioned in the inner ring conductive polyester 3, inner layer magnetic polyester 6 positioned between the inner ring conductive polyester 3 and the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and outer layer magnetic polyester 7 positioned outside the outer ring conductive polyester 1, and the core magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 are mutually connected, run through and filled in all regions outside the double-opening resonator region.
The inner ring conductive polyester 3 and the outer ring conductive polyester 1 are made of the same material and are a blend of a regenerated polyester melt and conductive particles, the mass ratio of the conductive particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 1.
The ratio of the diameter of an outer ring conductive polyester 1 to the whole diameter of a regenerated polyester fiber is 6 to 10, the width of the outer ring conductive polyester 1 is 5 to 20 percent of the whole diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber, the ratio of the radian size of an outer ring opening 2 to the circumference of the outer ring conductive polyester 1 is 1.
The core part magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 are made of the same material and are blends of regenerated polyester melt and magnetic particles, the mass ratio of the magnetic particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 0.5 to 10, the relative permeability of the core part magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 is more than 10, the magnetic particles are one or a mixture of more of nano ferrite, nano nickel powder and nano iron powder, wherein the core part magnetic polyester absorbs electromagnetic waves repeatedly reflected between the inner ring interfaces of the double-opening resonator, the inner layer magnetic polyester absorbs the electromagnetic waves repeatedly reflected between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the outer layer magnetic polyester absorbs absorption loss of incident electromagnetic waves after repeated reflection on the outer ring interfaces.
The invention utilizes four ways to enable the regenerated polyester fiber to generate wave absorption and shielding effects, namely the loss of the double-opening resonator structure to incident electromagnetic waves, the loss of the core part magnetic polyester part to electromagnetic waves reflected for many times between the inner ring conductive polyester interfaces, the loss of the inner layer magnetic polyester part to electromagnetic waves reflected between the inner ring conductive polyester interfaces and the loss of the outer layer magnetic polyester part to incident electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic waves reflected at the outer ring conductive polyester interfaces. The shape of the double-opening resonator is not limited to a circle, and may be a rectangle, a polygon, or the like, but the number of openings, the size ratio, and the positions must be in accordance with the above-described rule of a circle.
The structure can effectively absorb the vertical incident electromagnetic waves 8 and the multiple reflection electromagnetic waves 9 between the interfaces of the double-opening resonators, so that the regenerated polyester fiber has certain wave-absorbing property and also has good shielding effect.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which is used for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, classifying waste polyester bottle chips according to oil stain content and organic sticky matter content, classifying the waste polyester bottle chips into a first class, a second class and an unqualified class according to the self requirement and manual observation, wherein the first class represents that the oil stain content and the organic sticky matter content are relatively less, the corresponding needed cleaning agent is less, and the second class requires more cleaning agent and is classified according to experience;
step 2, determining the use amount of a nano cleaning agent titanium dioxide and a common cleaning agent according to the waste polyester bottle chips in a grading manner, and completing nano cleaning of the waste polyester bottle chips by assisting an illumination system during cleaning; during cleaning, determining the proportion of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid according to a grading first-level experience, wherein the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is 1 to 5 to 1, and dispersing the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid into an aqueous dispersion liquid after determining the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid, so as to ensure that the concentration of the dispersed liquid is 5-70%;
step 3, feeding, pre-drying and vacuum drying crystallization are carried out on the polyester bottle chips cleaned in the step 2;
step 4, preparing a conductive polyester melt and a magnetic polyester melt; the preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing conductive particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 1; the preparation of the magnetic polyester melt specifically comprises the following steps: mixing magnetic particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 0.5 to 10, and then heating and melting to obtain the magnetic polyester melt, wherein the magnetic particles are one or a mixture of more of nano ferrite, nano nickel powder and nano iron powder;
step 5, improving rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4; the method specifically comprises the following steps: adding glycol, biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase and nano silicon dioxide in a certain proportion into the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass ratio of the glycol to the biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase to the nano silicon dioxide is 1:0.2:0.2 to 1; the mass ratio of the total mass of the glycol, the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and the nano silicon dioxide to the mass of the conductive polyester melt or the magnetic polyester melt is 0.1 to 10;
step 6, distributing and transmitting the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt with the rheological property improved in the step 5 to each area of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber by adopting a spinning device according to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, wherein the spinning device adopts a multi-channel spinneret plate 10 as shown in fig. 3; as shown in fig. 4, at least one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 is embedded in a multi-channel spinneret plate 10, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 corresponds to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber in claim 4, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole comprises a double-opening resonator area and a wave-absorbing enhancement area, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 further comprises a magnetic polyester melt primary channel 12 and a conductive polyester melt primary channel 13, each conductive polyester melt primary channel 13 is connected with at least one conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 is connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, each conductive polyester melt tertiary channel 16 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, the positions of the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester in the double-opening resonator area respectively, each magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 12 is further connected with at least one magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 15, each magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 15 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, and the positions of the totally-enclosed double-open magnetic polyester melt secondary channels 17 and the magnetic polyester melt core 17 in the totally-enclosed double-open magnetic polyester melt secondary channels.
A totally-enclosed cover plate 24 is further arranged above each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is of a cylindrical structure, all parts of a double-opening resonator area and a reinforced wave absorption area of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 are mutually separated to prevent mutual permeation of conductive melt and magnetic melt, the lower end of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is open, an outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and an inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, on the totally-enclosed cover plate 24, of the outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and the inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, a core magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23 and a magnetic polyester inlet 17 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to two sides of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11; through the structure, the conductive melt and the magnetic melt are simultaneously sprayed out below the spinneret orifice and are drawn as required, so that the composite special-shaped regenerated polyester fiber with the double-opening resonator structure is formed.
When spinning, the temperature of a pipe bending area at the front end of a spinning device and the temperature of a spinning box are simultaneously reduced to 220-285 ℃ and the pressure of the spinning box is 0.5-0.75MPa, when a melt reaches a multi-channel spinneret plate 10, the temperature of the melt is guaranteed to be higher than 285 ℃, the speed of a screw rod is set to be higher than 30 revolutions per minute, the residence time of the melt in the screw rod area is set to be longer than 5 minutes, and therefore the purposes of enabling the melt to be uniform, increasing the flexibility and keeping reasonable degradation degree are achieved.
And 7, spinning, winding, barrel falling, speed collecting, drafting and curling, relaxation and heat setting, cooling and cutting off are carried out after the spinning in the step 6 to obtain the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
The invention adopts a mode of mixing the nano cleaning agent titanium dioxide with the common cleaning solution to establish a low-cost and high-efficiency cleaning technology, and the nano titanium dioxide forms intelligent photosensitive reaction with the assistance of illumination, so that the formed substance can effectively decompose and clean the oil stain of the polyester bottle.
The shape of the multi-channel spinneret plate 10 is circular, rectangular or polygonal, the thickness is more than 0.3cm, the surface is embedded with totally-closed double-opening resonator spinneret orifices 11, the diameter is more than 0.05mm, the number is more than 1 according to actual production, the number is not more than the area of the spinneret plate/(the area of the spinneret orifices is multiplied by 1.5) at most, and the layout can be randomly arranged.
The double-opening resonator part and the wave-absorbing enhancement area are strictly separated to prevent the mutual permeation of the conductive melt and the magnetic melt, and the lower part of the double-opening resonator part is open to ensure spinning and form a required cross section structure.
Example 1
The utility model provides a wave-absorbing type electromagnetic shield regeneration polyester fiber, includes that the reinforcing that is formed by two open resonator regions and by magnetic polyester of forming by electrically conductive polyester is in the area of inhaling: the double-opening resonator region comprises an outer ring conductive polyester 1, an outer ring opening 2, an inner ring conductive polyester 3 and an inner ring opening 4, wherein the outer ring opening and the inner ring opening are designed in opposite directions and at corresponding positions. The wave-absorbing enhancement region comprises core magnetic polyester 5, inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and outer layer magnetic polyester 7, the three parts of polyester are mutually connected and run through and are filled in all regions of the fiber except the conductive polyester.
The double-opening resonator area is composed of outer ring conductive polyester and inner ring conductive polyester, the material is a blend of regenerated polyester melt, ATO conductive powder and superconducting nano carbon black, the relative conductivity is 0.15, and the mass ratio of the total mass to the regenerated polyester is 1:5. The ratio of the diameter of the conductive polyester of the outer ring to the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber is 8. There are openings and must be one, the size of the opening being 2. The distance between the inner ring and the outer ring is 10% of the fiber diameter, the diameter of the inner ring and the diameter of the whole regenerated polyester fiber are 3. The structure can effectively absorb the vertical incident electromagnetic waves 8 and the multiple reflection electromagnetic waves 9 between the interfaces of the double-opening resonators, so that the regenerated polyester fiber has certain wave-absorbing property and also has good shielding effect.
The enhanced wave-absorbing area is composed of magnetic recycled polyester, the magnetic polyester is formed by mixing recycled polyester melt and nano ferrite particles, the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic polyester is 20, and the ratio of the nano ferrite particles to the recycled polyester melt is 1.5.
The preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber comprises the following steps:
step 1, classifying waste polyester bottle chips according to oil stain content and organic sticky matter content, classifying the waste polyester bottle chips into a first class, a second class and an unqualified class according to the self requirement and manual observation, wherein the first class represents that the oil stain content and the organic sticky matter content are relatively less, the corresponding needed cleaning agent is less, and the second class requires more cleaning agent and is classified according to experience;
step 2, determining the use amount of a nano cleaning agent titanium dioxide and a common cleaning agent according to the waste polyester bottle chips in a grading manner, and completing nano cleaning of the waste polyester bottle chips by assisting an illumination system during cleaning; during cleaning, the proportion of the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid is determined according to the classified first-level experience, but the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is 1:3, and after the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is determined, the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid are dispersed into the aqueous dispersion liquid, so that the concentration of the dispersed liquid is ensured to be 16%;
step 3, feeding, pre-drying and vacuum drying crystallization are carried out on the polyester bottle chips cleaned in the step 2;
step 4, preparing a conductive polyester melt and a magnetic polyester melt; the preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing conductive particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 1:5, and then heating and melting to obtain the conductive polyester melt, wherein the conductive particles are a mixture of ATO conductive powder and superconducting nano carbon black; the preparation of the magnetic polyester melt specifically comprises the following steps: mixing the magnetic particles with the regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 1.5;
step 5, improving rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4; the method specifically comprises the following steps: adding glycol, biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase and nano silicon dioxide in a certain proportion into the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass ratio of the glycol to the biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase to the nano silicon dioxide is 1:0.3:0.3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the glycol, the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and the nano silicon dioxide to the mass of the conductive polyester melt or the magnetic polyester melt is 0.3;
step 6, the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt with the improved rheological properties in the step 5 are shunted and transmitted to each area of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber by adopting a spinning device according to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, and as shown in fig. 3, the spinning device adopts a multi-channel spinneret plate 10; the thickness of a multi-channel spinneret plate 10 is 0.5cm, the diameter of spinneret holes 11 of a fully-closed double-opening resonator is 0.08mm, the number of the spinneret holes is 10, the layout is 2 lines and 5 rows, as shown in figure 4, the multi-channel spinneret plate 10 is embedded with at least one spinneret hole 11 of a fully-closed double-opening resonator, each spinneret hole 11 of the fully-closed double-opening resonator corresponds to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber in claim 4, each spinneret hole comprises a double-opening resonator area and a wave-absorbing enhancement area, the multi-channel spinneret plate further comprises a magnetic polyester melt primary channel 12 and a conductive polyester melt primary channel 13, the conductive polyester melt primary channel 13 is at least connected with one conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 corresponds to one fully-closed double-opening resonator 11, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 is connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, the two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16 respectively correspond to the positions of conductive polyester and inner rings of the conductive polyester melt secondary channels of the double-opening resonator area of the double-opening resonator 11, the two conductive polyester melt secondary channels 12 are connected with at least one fully-closed double-opening magnetic polyester melt secondary channels, the conductive polyester melt primary channels 16 correspond to the positions of the outer rings of the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels of the fully-closed double-open resonator area of the fully-closed double-open polyester melt secondary polyester melt 11, the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels 15, and the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels of the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels 17, and the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels of the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels 17, and the magnetic polyester melt core of the magnetic polyester melt, and the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels of the fully-closed secondary channels of the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels of the fully-open magnetic polyester melt secondary channels 17, and the magnetic polyester melt secondary channels.
A totally-enclosed cover plate 24 is further arranged above each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is of a cylindrical structure, all parts of a double-opening resonator area and a reinforced wave absorption area of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 are mutually separated to prevent mutual permeation of conductive melt and magnetic melt, the lower end of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is open, an outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and an inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, on the totally-enclosed cover plate 24, of the outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and the inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, a core magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23 and a magnetic polyester inlet 17 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to two sides of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11; through the structure, the conductive melt and the magnetic melt are simultaneously sprayed out below the spinneret orifice and are drawn as required, so that the composite special-shaped regenerated polyester fiber with the double-opening resonator structure is formed.
When spinning, the temperature of a bent pipe area at the front end of the spinning device and the temperature of a spinning box are simultaneously reduced to 230 ℃, the pressure of the spinning box is 0.7MPa, when a melt reaches a multi-channel spinneret plate 10, the temperature of the melt is guaranteed to be 295 ℃, the speed of a screw rod is set to be 32 revolutions per minute, and the staying time of the melt in the screw rod area is set to be 5.8 minutes, so that the purposes of enabling the melt to be uniform, increasing the flexibility and keeping reasonable degradation degree are achieved.
And 7, spinning, winding, barrel falling, speed collecting, drafting and curling, relaxation and heat setting, cooling and cutting off are carried out after the spinning in the step 6 to obtain the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
The test results of the key performance of the regenerated polyester fiber produced by the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
(1) The breaking strength is 3.76 CN/dtex;
(2) Fiber specific resistance: 105. omega, cm;
(2) Relative conductivity of the fibers: 0.71 (without unit);
(4) Relative magnetic permeability: 39 (without unit);
(5) Linear density deviation ratio: less than + -4.0%.
Example 2
The invention relates to a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which has a structure shown in figure 1-2 and comprises a double-opening resonator area formed by conductive polyester and a wave-absorbing enhancement area formed by magnetic polyester, wherein the double-opening resonator area comprises outer ring conductive polyester 1 and inner ring conductive polyester 3 which is coaxial with the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and is positioned in the outer ring conductive polyester 1, the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and the inner ring conductive polyester 3 are respectively provided with an outer ring opening 2 and an inner ring opening 4, and the outer ring opening 2 and the inner ring opening 4 are correspondingly arranged and have opposite directions;
the reinforced wave-absorbing region comprises core magnetic polyester 5 positioned in the inner ring conductive polyester 3, inner layer magnetic polyester 6 positioned between the inner ring conductive polyester 3 and the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and outer layer magnetic polyester 7 positioned outside the outer ring conductive polyester 1, and the core magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 are mutually connected, run through and filled in all regions outside the double-opening resonator region.
The inner ring conductive polyester 3 and the outer ring conductive polyester 1 are made of the same material and are a blend of a regenerated polyester melt and conductive particles, the mass ratio of the conductive particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 1.
The ratio of the diameter of the outer ring conductive polyester 1 to the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber is 6.
The core magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 are made of the same material and are blends of regenerated polyester melt and magnetic particles, the mass ratio of the magnetic particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 0.5 to 10, the relative permeability of the core magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 is more than 10, and the magnetic particles are one or a mixture of nano ferrite, nano nickel powder and nano iron powder, wherein the core magnetic polyester absorbs electromagnetic waves repeatedly reflected between the inner ring interfaces of the double-opening resonator, the inner layer magnetic polyester absorbs electromagnetic waves repeatedly reflected between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the outer layer magnetic polyester absorbs absorption loss after the incident electromagnetic waves are repeatedly reflected on the outer ring interfaces.
The invention utilizes four ways to enable the regenerated polyester fiber to generate wave absorption and shielding effects, namely the loss of the double-opening resonator structure to incident electromagnetic waves, the loss of the core part magnetic polyester part to electromagnetic waves reflected for many times between the inner ring conductive polyester interfaces, the loss of the inner layer magnetic polyester part to electromagnetic waves reflected between the inner ring conductive polyester interfaces and the loss of the outer layer magnetic polyester part to incident electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic waves reflected at the outer ring conductive polyester interfaces. The shape of the double-opening resonator is not limited to a circle, and may be a rectangle, a polygon, or the like, but the number of openings, the size ratio, and the positions must be in accordance with the above-described rule of a circle.
The structure can effectively absorb the vertical incident electromagnetic wave 8 and the multiple reflection electromagnetic wave 9 between the interfaces of the double-opening resonators, so that the regenerated polyester fiber has certain wave-absorbing property and also has good shielding effect.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which is used for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, classifying waste polyester bottle chips according to oil stain content and organic sticky matter content, classifying the waste polyester bottle chips into a first class, a second class and an unqualified class according to the self requirement and manual observation, wherein the first class represents that the oil stain content and the organic sticky matter content are relatively less, the corresponding needed cleaning agent is less, and the second class requires more cleaning agent and is classified according to experience;
step 2, determining the use amount of a nano cleaning agent titanium dioxide and a common cleaning agent according to the waste polyester bottle chips in a grading manner, and completing nano cleaning of the waste polyester bottle chips by assisting an illumination system during cleaning; during cleaning, the proportion of the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid is determined according to the grading first-level experience, but the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is 1:5, and after the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is determined, the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid are dispersed into the aqueous dispersion liquid, so that the concentration of the dispersed liquid is ensured to be 5%;
step 3, feeding, pre-drying and vacuum drying crystallization are carried out on the polyester bottle chips cleaned in the step 2;
step 4, preparing a conductive polyester melt and a magnetic polyester melt; the preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing conductive particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 1:2, and then heating and melting to obtain the conductive polyester melt, wherein the conductive particles are one or a mixture of more of ATO conductive powder, conductive carbon black, conductive graphene, silver powder and a high-molecular conductive material; the preparation of the magnetic polyester melt specifically comprises the following steps: mixing magnetic particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 0.5;
step 5, improving rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4; the method specifically comprises the following steps: adding glycol, biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase and nano silicon dioxide in a certain proportion into the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass ratio of the glycol to the biodegradable catalytic enzyme lipase to the nano silicon dioxide is 1:0.2:0.2; the mass ratio of the total mass of the glycol, the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and the nano silicon dioxide to the mass of the conductive polyester melt or the magnetic polyester melt is 0.1;
step 6, the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt with the improved rheological properties in the step 5 are shunted and transmitted to each area of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber by adopting a spinning device according to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, and as shown in fig. 3, the spinning device adopts a multi-channel spinneret plate 10; as shown in fig. 4, at least one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 is embedded in a multi-channel spinneret plate 10, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 corresponds to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber in claim 4, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole comprises a double-opening resonator area and a wave-absorbing enhancement area, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 further comprises a magnetic polyester melt primary channel 12 and a conductive polyester melt primary channel 13, each conductive polyester melt primary channel 13 is connected with at least one conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 is connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, each conductive polyester melt tertiary channel 16 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, the positions of the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester in the double-opening resonator area respectively, each magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 12 is further connected with at least one magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 15, each magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 15 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, and the positions of the totally-enclosed double-open magnetic polyester melt secondary channels 17 and the magnetic polyester melt core 17 in the totally-enclosed double-open magnetic polyester melt secondary channels.
A totally-enclosed cover plate 24 is further arranged above each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is of a cylindrical structure, all parts of a double-opening resonator area and a reinforced wave absorption area of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 are mutually separated to prevent mutual permeation of conductive melt and magnetic melt, the lower end of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is open, an outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and an inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, on the totally-enclosed cover plate 24, of the outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and the inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, a core magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23 and a magnetic polyester inlet 17 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to two sides of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11; through the structure, the conductive melt and the magnetic melt are simultaneously sprayed out below the spinneret orifice and are drawn as required, so that the composite special-shaped regenerated polyester fiber with the double-opening resonator structure is formed.
When spinning, the temperature of the elbow pipe area at the front end of the spinning device and the temperature of the spinning box are simultaneously reduced to 220 ℃, the pressure of the spinning box is 0.5MPaMPa, when the melt reaches the multi-channel spinneret plate 10, the temperature of the melt is ensured to be 290 ℃, the speed of the screw rod is set to be 36 revolutions per minute, and the residence time of the melt in the screw rod area is set to be 25 minutes, so that the purposes of enabling the melt to be uniform, increasing the compliance and keeping the reasonable degradation degree are achieved.
And 7, spinning, winding, barrel falling, speed collecting, drafting and curling, relaxation and heat setting, cooling and cutting off are carried out after the spinning in the step 6 to obtain the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
Example 3
The invention relates to a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which has a structure shown in figure 1-2 and comprises a double-opening resonator area formed by conductive polyester and a wave-absorbing enhancement area formed by magnetic polyester, wherein the double-opening resonator area comprises outer ring conductive polyester 1 and inner ring conductive polyester 3 which is coaxial with the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and is positioned in the outer ring conductive polyester 1, the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and the inner ring conductive polyester 3 are respectively provided with an outer ring opening 2 and an inner ring opening 4, and the outer ring opening 2 and the inner ring opening 4 are correspondingly arranged and have opposite directions;
the wave-absorbing enhancement region comprises core magnetic polyester 5 positioned in the inner ring conductive polyester 3, inner layer magnetic polyester 6 positioned between the inner ring conductive polyester 3 and the outer ring conductive polyester 1 and outer layer magnetic polyester 7 positioned outside the outer ring conductive polyester 1, wherein the core magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 are mutually connected, run through and filled in all regions outside the double-opening resonator region.
The inner ring conductive polyester 3 and the outer ring conductive polyester 1 are made of the same material and are a blend of a regenerated polyester melt and conductive particles, the mass ratio of the conductive particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 1.
The ratio of the diameter of the outer ring conductive polyester 1 to the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber is 9.
The core part magnetic polyester 5, the inner layer magnetic polyester 6 and the outer layer magnetic polyester 7 are made of the same material and are blends of regenerated polyester melt and magnetic particles, the mass ratio of the magnetic particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 3.
The invention utilizes four ways to enable the regenerated polyester fiber to generate wave absorption and shielding effects, namely the loss of the double-opening resonator structure to incident electromagnetic waves, the loss of the core part magnetic polyester part to electromagnetic waves reflected for many times between the inner ring conductive polyester interfaces, the loss of the inner layer magnetic polyester part to electromagnetic waves reflected between the inner ring conductive polyester interfaces and the loss of the outer layer magnetic polyester part to incident electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic waves reflected at the outer ring conductive polyester interfaces. The shape of the double-opening resonator is not limited to a circle, and may be a rectangle, a polygon, or the like, but the number of openings, the size ratio, and the positions must be in accordance with the above-described rule of a circle.
The structure can effectively absorb the vertical incident electromagnetic wave 8 and the multiple reflection electromagnetic wave 9 between the interfaces of the double-opening resonators, so that the regenerated polyester fiber has certain wave-absorbing property and also has good shielding effect.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, which is used for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, classifying waste polyester bottle chips according to oil stain content and organic sticky matter content, classifying the waste polyester bottle chips into a first class, a second class and an unqualified class according to the self requirement and manual observation, wherein the first class represents that the oil stain content and the organic sticky matter content are relatively less, the corresponding needed cleaning agent is less, and the second class requires more cleaning agent and is classified according to experience;
step 2, determining the use amounts of titanium dioxide serving as a nano cleaning agent and a common cleaning solution according to the grades of the waste polyester bottle chips, and completing nano cleaning of the waste polyester bottle chips by using an illumination system during cleaning; during cleaning, the proportion of the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid is determined according to the classified first-level experience, but the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is 1:1, and after the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning liquid is determined, the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning liquid are dispersed into the aqueous dispersion liquid, so that the concentration of the dispersed liquid is ensured to be 70%;
step 3, feeding, pre-drying and vacuum drying crystallization are carried out on the polyester bottle chips cleaned in the step 2;
step 4, preparing a conductive polyester melt and a magnetic polyester melt; the preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing conductive particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 1; the preparation of the magnetic polyester melt specifically comprises the following steps: mixing magnetic particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 3;
step 5, improving rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4; the method specifically comprises the following steps: adding glycol, biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and nano silicon dioxide in a certain proportion into the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass ratio of the glycol to the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase to the nano silicon dioxide is 1.6; the mass ratio of the total mass of the glycol, the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and the nano silicon dioxide to the mass of the conductive polyester melt or the magnetic polyester melt is 0.5;
step 6, the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt with the improved rheological properties in the step 5 are shunted and transmitted to each area of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber by adopting a spinning device according to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, and as shown in fig. 3, the spinning device adopts a multi-channel spinneret plate 10; as shown in fig. 4, at least one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 is embedded in a multi-channel spinneret plate 10, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 corresponds to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber in claim 4, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole comprises a double-opening resonator area and a wave-absorbing enhancement area, each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11 further comprises a magnetic polyester melt primary channel 12 and a conductive polyester melt primary channel 13, each conductive polyester melt primary channel 13 is connected with at least one conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, each conductive polyester melt secondary channel 14 is connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, each conductive polyester melt tertiary channel 16 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, the positions of the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester in the double-opening resonator area respectively, each magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 12 is further connected with at least one magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 15, each magnetic polyester melt secondary channel 15 corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole 11, and the positions of the totally-enclosed double-open magnetic polyester melt secondary channels 17 and the magnetic polyester melt core 17 in the totally-enclosed double-open magnetic polyester melt secondary channels.
A totally-enclosed cover plate 24 is further arranged above each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is of a cylindrical structure, all parts of a double-opening resonator area and a reinforced wave absorption area of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 are mutually separated to prevent mutual permeation of conductive melt and magnetic melt, the lower end of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11 is open, an outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and an inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11, on the totally-enclosed cover plate 24, of the outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port 19 and the inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port 20 are respectively connected with two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels 16, a core magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 21, an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port 22, an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port 18, an outer layer magnetic polyester inlet 23 and a magnetic polyester inlet 17 are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to two sides of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice 11; through the structure, the conductive melt and the magnetic melt are simultaneously sprayed out below the spinneret orifice and are drawn as required, so that the composite special-shaped regenerated polyester fiber with the double-opening resonator structure is formed.
When spinning, the temperature of a bent pipe area at the front end of a spinning device and the temperature of a spinning box are simultaneously reduced to 285 ℃, the pressure of the spinning box is 0.5MPa, when a melt reaches a multi-channel spinneret plate 10, the temperature of the melt is ensured to be 300 ℃, the speed of a screw rod is set to be 40 revolutions per minute, the residence time of the melt in the screw rod area is set to be 30 minutes, and the purposes of enabling the melt to be uniform and increasing the softness and keeping reasonable degradation degree are achieved.
And 7, spinning, winding, barrel falling, speed collecting, drafting and curling, relaxation and heat setting, cooling and cutting off are carried out after the spinning in the step 6 to obtain the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.

Claims (8)

1. The wave-absorbing type electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber is characterized by comprising a double-opening resonator area formed by conductive polyester and a wave-absorbing enhancement area formed by magnetic polyester, wherein the double-opening resonator area comprises outer ring conductive polyester (1) and inner ring conductive polyester (3) which is coaxial with the outer ring conductive polyester (1) and is positioned in the outer ring conductive polyester (1), the outer ring conductive polyester (1) and the inner ring conductive polyester (3) are respectively provided with an outer ring opening (2) and an inner ring opening (4), and the outer ring opening (2) and the inner ring opening (4) are correspondingly arranged and have opposite positions and directions;
the reinforced wave-absorbing region comprises core magnetic polyester (5) positioned in the inner ring conductive polyester (3), inner layer magnetic polyester (6) positioned between the inner ring conductive polyester (3) and the outer ring conductive polyester (1) and outer layer magnetic polyester (7) positioned on the outer side of the outer ring conductive polyester (1), and the core magnetic polyester (5), the inner layer magnetic polyester (6) and the outer layer magnetic polyester (7) are mutually connected, run through and filled in all regions outside the double-opening resonator region; the inner ring conductive polyester (3) and the outer ring conductive polyester (1) are made of the same material and are a blend of a regenerated polyester melt and conductive particles, the mass ratio of the conductive particles to the regenerated polyester melt is (1) - (2) - (1), the relative conductivity of the inner ring conductive polyester (3) and the outer ring conductive polyester (1) is more than 0.1, and the conductive particles are one or a mixture of more of ATO conductive powder, conductive carbon black, conductive graphene, silver powder and a high polymer conductive material; the core magnetic polyester (5), the inner layer magnetic polyester (6) and the outer layer magnetic polyester (7) are made of the same material and are blends of regenerated polyester melt and magnetic particles, the mass ratio of the magnetic particles to the regenerated polyester melt is 0.5 to 10, the relative permeability of the core magnetic polyester (5), the inner layer magnetic polyester (6) and the outer layer magnetic polyester (7) is more than 10, and the magnetic particles are one or a mixture of more of nano ferrite, nano nickel powder and nano iron powder.
2. The wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the outer ring conductive polyester (1) to the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber is 6 to 10, the width of the outer ring conductive polyester (1) is 5 to 20 percent of the overall diameter of the regenerated polyester fiber, the ratio of the radian size of the outer ring opening (2) to the circumference of the outer ring conductive polyester (1) is 1 to 10 to 3.
3. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber disclosed by claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, classifying waste polyester bottle chips according to oil stain content and organic sticky matter content;
step 2, determining the use amounts of titanium dioxide serving as a nano cleaning agent and a common cleaning solution according to the grades of the waste polyester bottle chips, and completing nano cleaning of the waste polyester bottle chips by using an illumination system during cleaning;
step 3, feeding, pre-drying and vacuum drying crystallization are carried out on the polyester bottle chips cleaned in the step 2;
step 4, preparing a conductive polyester melt and a magnetic polyester melt;
step 5, improving rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4;
step 6, shunting and transmitting the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt which are subjected to rheological property improvement in the step 5 to each region of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber by adopting a spinning device according to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber, wherein the spinning device adopts a multi-channel spinneret plate (10);
and 7, spinning, winding, barrel falling, speed collecting, drafting and curling, relaxation and heat setting, cooling and cutting off are carried out after the spinning in the step 6 to obtain the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber.
4. The preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning solution in the step 2 is 1 to 5-1, and after the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the common cleaning solution is determined, the nano titanium dioxide and the common cleaning solution are dispersed into the aqueous dispersion liquid to ensure that the concentration of the dispersed liquid is 5-70%;
the step 4 of preparing the conductive polyester melt specifically comprises the following steps: mixing conductive particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 1 to 2 to 1, and then heating and melting to obtain the conductive polyester melt, wherein the conductive particles are one or a mixture of more of ATO conductive powder, conductive carbon black, conductive graphene, silver powder and a high-molecular conductive material;
the preparation of the magnetic polyester melt specifically comprises the following steps: mixing magnetic particles and a regenerated polyester melt according to a mass ratio of 0.5 to 10, and then heating and melting to obtain the magnetic polyester melt, wherein the magnetic particles are one or a mixture of more of nano ferrite, nano nickel powder and nano iron powder.
5. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber according to claim 4, wherein the step 5 of improving the rheological properties of the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
adding glycol, biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and nano silicon dioxide in a certain proportion into the conductive polyester melt and the magnetic polyester melt prepared in the step 4, wherein the mass ratio of the glycol to the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase to the nano silicon dioxide is 1:0.2:0.2 to 1;
the mass ratio of the total mass of the glycol, the biodegradation catalytic enzyme lipase and the nano silicon dioxide to the mass of the conductive polyester melt or the magnetic polyester melt is 0.1 to 10: 0.5.
6. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber according to claim 5, wherein at least one totally-enclosed double-split resonator spinneret hole (11) is embedded in the multi-channel spinneret plate (10), each totally-enclosed double-split resonator spinneret hole (11) corresponds to the structure of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber according to claim 2, each totally-enclosed double-split resonator spinneret hole comprises a double-split resonator area and a wave-absorbing enhancement area, the method further comprises a magnetic polyester melt primary channel (12) and a conductive polyester melt primary channel (13), at least one conductive polyester melt secondary channel (14) is connected to the conductive polyester melt primary channel (13), each conductive polyester melt secondary channel (14) corresponds to one totally-enclosed double-split resonator spinneret hole (11), two conductive polyester melt tertiary channels (16) are connected to each conductive polyester melt secondary channel (14), two conductive polyester melt channels (16) respectively correspond to the positions of the conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester in the double-split resonator area of the totally-enclosed double-split resonator spinneret hole (11), at least one magnetic polyester melt secondary channel (12) corresponds to at least one magnetic polyester melt secondary channel (15), and at least one magnetic polyester melt secondary channel (15) corresponds to each totally-enclosed double-split resonator magnetic polyester melt secondary channel (15), at least one magnetic polyester melt three-stage channel (17) is arranged at the positions of the core magnetic polyester, the inner layer magnetic polyester and the outer layer magnetic polyester of the wave-absorbing enhancement area corresponding to the spinneret orifice (11) of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator.
7. The method for preparing the wave-absorbing type electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber according to claim 6, wherein a totally-enclosed cover plate (24) is further arranged above each totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole (11), the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole (11) is of a cylindrical structure, parts of a double-opening resonator area and a wave-absorbing enhancement area of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole (11) are mutually separated to prevent mutual permeation of conductive melt and magnetic melt, the lower end of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole (11) is open, an outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port (19) and an inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port (20) are respectively arranged on the totally-enclosed cover plate (24) at positions corresponding to the outer ring conductive polyester and the inner ring conductive polyester of the totally-enclosed double-opening resonator spinneret hole (11), the outer ring conductive polyester melt injection port (19) and the inner ring conductive polyester melt injection port (20) are respectively connected with the two conductive polyester melt three-stage channels (16), a core magnetic polyester inlet (21), an inner layer magnetic polyester injection port (22) and an outer layer magnetic polyester injection port (18) are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to the core magnetic polyester, the inner layer magnetic polyester and the outer layer magnetic polyester of the totally-closed double-opening resonator spinneret orifice (11), on the totally-closed cover plate (24), and the core magnetic polyester inlet (21), the inner layer magnetic polyester injection port (22) and the outer layer magnetic polyester injection port (18) are respectively connected with one magnetic polyester melt three-stage channel (16) A stage channel (17).
8. The preparation method of the wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber according to claim 7, wherein in the step 6, during spinning, the temperature of a elbow pipe area at the front end of a spinning device and the temperature of a spinning box are simultaneously reduced to 220-285 ℃, the pressure of the spinning box is 0.5 MPa-0.75MPa, when a melt reaches a multi-channel spinneret plate (10), the temperature is ensured to be higher than 285 ℃, the speed of a screw rod is set to be higher than 30 revolutions per minute, and the retention time of the melt in the screw rod area is set to be longer than 5 minutes.
CN202111008283.0A 2021-08-30 2021-08-30 Wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding regenerated polyester fiber and preparation method thereof Active CN113818101B (en)

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CN101649503A (en) * 2009-09-11 2010-02-17 天津工业大学 Magnetic fibre and manufacture method thereof
CN110804772A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-18 台州市旭泓服饰有限公司 Core-shell type fiber for electromagnetic shielding textile fabric and preparation method thereof

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CN110073732B (en) * 2016-12-12 2020-11-06 阿莫绿色技术有限公司 Flexible electromagnetic wave shielding material, electromagnetic wave shielding circuit module, and electronic device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101649503A (en) * 2009-09-11 2010-02-17 天津工业大学 Magnetic fibre and manufacture method thereof
CN110804772A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-18 台州市旭泓服饰有限公司 Core-shell type fiber for electromagnetic shielding textile fabric and preparation method thereof

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